阅读说明：本技术 一种地震检波器评测方法及设计方法 (Seismic detector evaluation method and design method ) 是由 冯京川 吴淮均 于 2020-05-11 设计创作，主要内容包括：本发明涉及提供一种地震检波器评测方法及设计方法,地震检波器包括外壳、以及安装在外壳内的磁系统组件以及惯性系统组件；其评测方法包括：A1、根据外壳的外形尺寸,获取地震检波器的基体体积；A2、获取惯性系统组件的阻尼系数,并获取地震检波器工作在临界阻尼状态时所对应的直流电阻以及灵敏度；A3、基于换能公式Kv＝(G/(R)1/2)/V计算地震检波器的换能系数,其中G为灵敏度,R为直流电阻,V为基体体积；A4、根据换能系数以评价地震检波器的设计品质。实施本发明能够更准确的获取高品质地震检波器。(The invention relates to and provides a geophone evaluation method and a design method, wherein the geophone comprises a shell, a magnetic system component and an inertial system component which are arranged in the shell; the evaluation method comprises the following steps: a1, obtaining the volume of the base body of the geophone according to the external dimension of the shell; a2, obtaining the damping coefficient of the inertia system assembly, and obtaining the direct current resistance and the sensitivity corresponding to the geophone working in the critical damping state; a3, calculating the transduction coefficient of the geophone based on the transduction formula Kv ═ G/(R)1/2)/V, wherein G is sensitivity, R is direct current resistance, and V is matrix volume; and A4, evaluating the design quality of the geophone according to the transduction coefficient. By implementing the method, the high-quality geophone can be more accurately obtained.)

1. A geophone evaluation method, the geophone includes the outer cover, and magnetic system assembly and inertia system assembly installed in the outer cover; it is characterized by comprising:

a1, acquiring the volume of the base body of the geophone according to the external dimension of the shell;

a2, obtaining the damping coefficient of the inertia system assembly, and obtaining the direct current resistance and the sensitivity corresponding to the geophone working in the critical damping state;

a3 based on transduction formula K_vCalculating the transduction coefficient of the geophone as (G/(R)1/2)/V, wherein G is the sensitivity, R is the dc resistance, and V is the matrix volume;

and A4, evaluating the design quality of the geophone according to the transduction coefficient.

2. The geophone evaluation method according to claim 1, wherein in said step a3, said sensitivity is the sensitivity of said geophone at critical damping and said dc resistance is the dc resistance of said geophone at said critical damping.

3. A method of designing a geophone comprising:

b1: based on the design matrix volume, design sensitivity, design DC resistance, and the transduction formula K_vCalculated as (G/(R)1/2)/VMeasuring the transduction coefficient; wherein G is the design sensitivity, R is the design direct current resistance, and V is the design matrix volume;

b2: and comparing the designed transduction coefficient with a target transduction coefficient, and adjusting the volume of the designed matrix, the design sensitivity and/or the design direct-current resistance according to the comparison result until the designed transduction coefficient is matched with the target transduction coefficient.

4. The geophone design method according to claim 3, wherein in said step B2, said design transduction coefficient is compared with a target transduction coefficient, and said design matrix volume, design sensitivity and/or design direct current resistance is adjusted according to the comparison result, including the following steps when the comparison result does not satisfy a preset condition:

b2-1, adjusting the shell size of the geophone to adjust the matrix volume so that the design transduction coefficient meets the target transduction coefficient.

5. The geophone design method of claim 4, further comprising adjusting inertial system components of said geophone in step B2-1.

6. The geophone design method according to claim 3, wherein in said step B2, said design transduction coefficient is compared with a target transduction coefficient, and said design matrix volume, design sensitivity and/or design direct current resistance is adjusted according to the comparison result, including the following steps when the comparison result does not satisfy a preset condition:

b2-2, adjusting the magnetic system component of the geophone and/or the inertia system component of the geophone to adjust the design sensitivity so that the design transduction coefficient meets the target transduction coefficient.

7. The geophone design method of claim 6, wherein said adjusting the magnetic system components of said geophone comprises:

adjusting the magnetic system component pole area of the geophone and/or the magnetic system component pole face spacing of the geophone;

the inertial system component for tuning the geophone comprises:

and adjusting the cut magnetic lines corresponding to the inertia system component and/or the displacement limit air gap of the inertia system component.

8. The geophone design method of claim 7,

said adjusting the magnetic pole area of the magnetic system component of said geophone comprises adjusting the magnetic system component diameter of said geophone;

adjusting the pitch of the magnetic system component pole faces of the geophone comprises adjusting the length of the magnetic system component of the geophone.

9. The geophone design method according to claim 3, wherein in said step B2, said comparing said design transduction coefficient with a target transduction coefficient and adjusting said design basis volume, design sensitivity and/or design direct current resistance according to the comparison result comprises: when the comparison result does not meet the preset condition, executing the following steps:

b2-3, adjusting the magnetic system component of the geophone to adjust the design direct current resistance so that the design transduction coefficient meets the target transduction coefficient.

10. The geophone design method of claim 3, wherein said design sensitivity is the sensitivity of said geophone at critical damping and said design direct current resistance is the direct current resistance of said geophone at said critical damping.

Technical Field

The invention relates to the technical field of seismic exploration, in particular to a method for evaluating a seismic detector and a design method.

Background

The traditional detector has the advantages that the magnetization characteristics of the magnet material of the aluminum nickel cobalt and the rare earth material are obviously different, and the magnetization process or the demagnetization characteristics are obviously different. The alnico magnet material has a nonlinear characteristic, while the rare earth magnet material has a linear characteristic, and the gradient of the demagnetization characteristic is almost equal to the vacuum permeability, and the demagnetization characteristic has linearity. Rare earth permanent magnets have been widely used in speakers, earphones, motors, the field and other fields for over 25 years of history and experience, and devices using rare earth magnets in other fields are more miniaturized and more flattened than devices in the alnico magnet era. However, in the field of seismic exploration, it is obviously incorrect and erroneous to apply rare earth magnet materials, to express the geophone quality using conventional transduction constants, or to increase the sensitivity in the background of the thus calculated transduction constants, in order to display and express the acquisition sensitivity of the geophone device signals. The magnet does not accord with the characteristic of high coercive force of the rare earth magnet, has the characteristic of more linearization of magnetic circuit calculation, and is convenient for theoretical design calculation. The contribution of the magnetic pole area of the magnet to the sensitivity is far greater than the length of the magnet, and the linearization characteristic is far higher than that of the AlNiCo magnet era. In the existing detector design process, when the existing transduction constant calculation formula is adopted for designing the detector, the characteristic of high coercivity of a rare earth magnet is not considered, the designed detector is often unreasonably large in size and inconsistent in length-diameter ratio, and quality parameters of the detector cannot achieve the best performance.

Disclosure of Invention

The present invention provides a method for evaluating a geophone and a design method thereof, aiming at the above technical defects in the prior art.

The technical scheme adopted by the invention for solving the technical problems is as follows: constructing a geophone evaluation method, the geophone comprising a housing, and a magnetic system component and an inertial system component mounted within the housing; it is characterized by comprising:

a1, acquiring the volume of the base body of the geophone according to the external dimension of the shell;

a2, obtaining the damping coefficient of the inertia system assembly, and obtaining the direct current resistance and the sensitivity corresponding to the geophone working in the critical damping state;

a3 based on transduction formula K_vCalculating the transduction coefficient of the geophone as (G/(R)1/2)/V, wherein G is the sensitivity, R is the dc resistance, and V is the matrix volume;

and A4, evaluating the design quality of the geophone according to the transduction coefficient.

Preferably, in step a3, the sensitivity is the sensitivity of the geophone under critical damping, and the dc resistance is the dc resistance of the geophone under the critical damping.

The invention also constructs a geophone design method, comprising the following steps:

b1: based on the design matrix volume, design sensitivity, design DC resistance, and the transduction formula K_vCalculating to obtain a design transduction coefficient by (G/(R) 1/2)/V; wherein G is the design sensitivity, R is the design direct current resistance, and V is the design matrix volume;

b2: and comparing the designed transduction coefficient with a target transduction coefficient, and adjusting the volume of the designed matrix, the design sensitivity and/or the design direct-current resistance according to the comparison result until the designed transduction coefficient is matched with the target transduction coefficient.

Preferably, a geophone design method of the present invention comprises:

in the step B2, the step of comparing the design transduction coefficient with a target transduction coefficient and adjusting the design matrix volume, the design sensitivity and/or the design dc resistance according to the comparison result includes the following steps when the comparison result does not satisfy a preset condition:

b2-1, adjusting the shell size of the geophone to adjust the matrix volume so that the design transduction coefficient meets the target transduction coefficient.

Preferably, a geophone design method of the present invention comprises: in step B2-1, the method further comprises adjusting an inertial system component of the geophone.

Preferably, in the geophone design method according to the present invention, in the step B2, the design transduction coefficient is compared with a target transduction coefficient, and the design matrix volume, the design sensitivity and/or the design dc resistance are/is adjusted according to the comparison result, including the following steps when the comparison result does not satisfy a preset condition:

b2-2, adjusting the magnetic system component of the geophone and/or the inertia system component of the geophone to adjust the design sensitivity so that the design transduction coefficient meets the target transduction coefficient.

Preferably, in a geophone design method according to the present invention, said adjusting a magnetic system component of said geophone comprises:

adjusting the magnetic system component pole area of the geophone and/or the magnetic system component pole face spacing of the geophone;

the inertial system component for tuning the geophone comprises:

and adjusting the cut magnetic lines corresponding to the inertia system component and/or the displacement limit air gap of the inertia system component.

Preferably, in a geophone design method according to the present invention, said adjusting the magnetic pole area of the magnetic system component of said geophone comprises adjusting the magnetic system component diameter of said geophone;

adjusting the pitch of the magnetic system component pole faces of the geophone comprises adjusting the length of the magnetic system component of the geophone.

Preferably, in the method for designing a geophone according to the present invention, in the step B2, the comparing the design transduction coefficient with a target transduction coefficient and adjusting the design matrix volume, the design sensitivity and/or the design dc resistance according to the comparison result includes: when the comparison result does not meet the preset condition, executing the following steps:

b2-3, adjusting the magnetic system component of the geophone to adjust the design direct current resistance so that the design transduction coefficient meets the target transduction coefficient.

Preferably, in a geophone design method according to the present invention, the design sensitivity is a sensitivity of the geophone under critical damping, and the design dc resistance is a dc resistance of the geophone under the critical damping.

The earthquake detector evaluating method and the earthquake detector designing method have the following beneficial effects: the high-quality geophone can be obtained more accurately.

Drawings

The invention will be further described with reference to the accompanying drawings and examples, in which:

FIG. 1 is a flowchart illustrating a process of one embodiment of a method for geophone evaluation according to the present invention;

FIG. 2 is a flowchart of a seismic detector design method according to an embodiment of the present invention.

Detailed Description

For a more clear understanding of the technical features, objects and effects of the present invention, embodiments of the present invention will now be described in detail with reference to the accompanying drawings.

As shown in FIG. 1, in a first embodiment of a method of geophone evaluation in accordance with the present invention, wherein a geophone includes a housing, and a magnetic system component and an inertial system component mounted within the housing; the method comprises the following specific processes: a1, obtaining the volume of the base body of the geophone according to the external dimension of the shell; a2, obtaining the damping coefficient of the inertia system assembly, and obtaining the direct current resistance and the sensitivity corresponding to the geophone working in the critical damping state; a3 based on transduction formula K_vCalculating the transduction coefficient of the geophone as (G/(R)1/2)/V, wherein G is sensitivity, R is direct current resistance, and V is matrix volume; and A4, evaluating the design quality of the geophone according to the transduction coefficient. In the design process of the detector, after the direct current resistance, the damping coefficient, the sensitivity and the size parameters determined by the detector are obtained, the direct current resistance, the damping coefficient, the sensitivity and the size parameters are based on an energy conversion formula K_vThe transduction coefficient of the detector is calculated as (G/(R)1/2)/V based onDifferent detectors correspond to different parameters, and the corresponding transduction coefficients acquired for the different parameters can identify the geophone with high design quality through the transduction coefficients, or the comparison result is acquired according to the comparison of the design quality of each geophone. Wherein, in the case of partial parameter alignment, for example, in the case of consistent sensitivity, the higher the transduction coefficient of the geophone, which indicates that the design quality of the geophone is higher, the better the performance thereof is.

Optionally, the sensitivity is a sensitivity of the geophone under critical damping, and the dc resistance is a dc resistance of the geophone under critical damping. The sensitivity may be the sensitivity of the geophone at critical damping and the dc resistance may be the dc resistance of the geophone at critical damping. The sensitivity of the detector can be measured and calculated by a direct current excitation method, and other methods can be adopted to measure and calculate the sensitivity of the detector in actual work, such as a vibration table method and a non-direct current excitation method, generally, the vibration table is heavy in equipment, complex in structure, high in manufacturing cost, high in environmental requirement and low in test speed, and is suitable for measurement units and manufacturers and is used by the vibration table method according to national standard regulations; in contrast, the direct current excitation method is simple, easy to implement, particularly suitable for field operation places, and suitable for scenes with no harsh requirements on measurement accuracy. The direct current resistance can be obtained by measuring the direct current resistance through a voltage division method, and in other embodiments, the direct current resistance can be measured by adopting other methods. The acquired sensitivity is the sensitivity of the geophone under critical damping, and the designed direct current resistance is the direct current resistance of the geophone under critical damping. The critical damping can be obtained by outputting a constant current to a coil of the geophone by a tester, so that the coil is lifted to 70% of the maximum stroke of the coil from a starting point, then disconnecting the current, measuring the output sine waveform of the coil when the current is 0, calculating the damping coefficient of the geophone according to a formula, and carrying out normalization processing on the damping coefficient.

As shown in fig. 2, a method for designing a geophone according to the present invention includes:

b1: calculating to obtain a designed transduction coefficient based on a transduction formula Kv ═ G/(R)1/2)/V according to the designed matrix volume, the designed sensitivity and the designed direct current resistance; wherein G is the design sensitivity, R is the design direct current resistance, and V is the design matrix volume;

b2: and comparing the designed transduction coefficient with the target transduction coefficient, and adjusting the volume of the designed matrix, the design sensitivity and/or the design direct-current resistance according to the comparison result until the designed transduction coefficient is matched with the target transduction coefficient.

Specifically, based on the evaluation of the above geophone, the design parameters of the geophone can be optimized based on the transduction formula Kv ═ G/(R)1/2)/V in the design process of the geophone. The specific process is that in the design of the geophone, the volume of a design base, the design sensitivity and the design direct current resistance are obtained based on the conventional design process, the transduction coefficient is designed through the transduction formula according to the design values, the design transduction coefficient is compared with the target transduction coefficient to determine whether the comparison result meets the requirement, and one or more of the volume of the design base, the design sensitivity and the design direct current resistance are adjusted under the condition that the comparison result does not meet the requirement, so that the design transduction coefficient obtained through the calculation of the transduction formula is matched with the target transduction coefficient to achieve the target design requirement.

Optionally, in step B2, the design transduction coefficient is compared with the target transduction coefficient, and the design matrix volume, the design sensitivity and/or the design dc resistance are/is adjusted according to the comparison result, including when the comparison result does not satisfy the preset condition, the following steps are performed: b2-1, adjusting the shell size of the geophone to adjust the volume of the matrix so that the design transduction coefficient meets the target transduction coefficient.

Specifically, when the design parameters of the geophone are optimized, the size of the casing of the geophone can be adjusted to adjust the volume of the base body of the geophone, a new design transduction coefficient is obtained based on the new design parameters and is compared with a target transduction coefficient, the size of the casing of the geophone meeting the target transduction coefficient is finally obtained, and the design of the geophone is realized. It will also be appreciated that in some embodiments, other design parameters of the geophone with the adjusted volume of matrix, such as corresponding design sensitivity and design dc resistance, may be adjusted and acquired simultaneously to further optimize the transduction coefficient such that the design transduction coefficient meets the target transduction coefficient. It will be appreciated that the adjustment process may be fine tuned multiple times to bring the design transduction coefficient closer to the target transduction coefficient.

Further, while adjusting the size of the geophone case, it is possible to simultaneously adjust the inertial system components of the geophone, and by adjusting the inertial system components and their mating air gaps, an optimal case size design is achieved.

Optionally, in step B2, the design transduction coefficient is compared with the target transduction coefficient, and the design matrix volume, the design sensitivity and/or the design dc resistance are/is adjusted according to the comparison result, including when the comparison result does not satisfy the preset condition, the following steps are performed: b2-2, adjusting the magnetic system component of the geophone and/or the inertia system component of the geophone to adjust the design sensitivity so that the design transduction coefficient meets the target transduction coefficient. Specifically, the magnetic system component and the inertia system component of the geophone can be adjusted respectively or together to achieve the effect of adjusting the design sensitivity of the geophone, a new design transduction coefficient is obtained according to the adjusted design sensitivity, the design matrix volume and the design direct current resistance, and the new design transduction coefficient is compared with the target transduction coefficient to finally obtain the magnetic system component of the geophone meeting the target transduction coefficient, so that the design of the geophone is realized. In some examples, the volume of the corresponding design substrate and the design dc resistance may be adjusted and obtained based on the adjusted magnetic system component to further optimize the transduction coefficient such that the design transduction coefficient meets the target transduction coefficient. It will be appreciated that the adjustment process may be fine tuned multiple times to bring the design transduction coefficient closer to the target transduction coefficient.

Optionally, adjusting the magnetic system component of the geophone comprises: adjusting a magnet system component pole area of the geophone and/or a magnet system component pole face spacing of the geophone. Specifically, the magnetic pole area and the magnetic pole area distance are represented by the overall diameter and height of the core body of the detector, the magnetic circuit design is carried out by changing the magnetic pole area and the magnetic pole area distance, the design sensitivity is adjusted, and it can be understood that the magnetic pole surface can be generally circular, but is not limited to circular. An inertial system assembly for tuning a geophone comprising: and adjusting the cut magnetic lines corresponding to the inertia system component and/or the displacement limit air gap of the inertia system component. Namely, the arrangement of the movable air gap of the inertia system component is adjusted, or the magnetic line cutting of the inertia system component in motion is adjusted.

Optionally, when the magnetic pole surface is circular, adjusting the magnetic pole area of the magnetic system component of the geophone comprises adjusting the diameter of the magnetic system component of the geophone; adjusting the magnet system component pole face spacing of the geophone includes adjusting the magnet system component length of the geophone. It is understood herein that the ratio of set length to diameter can be adjusted to adjust the design sensitivity to design a transduction coefficient that meets the target transduction coefficient.

Optionally, in step B2, the design transduction coefficient is compared with the target transduction coefficient, and the design matrix volume, the design sensitivity and/or the design dc resistance are/is adjusted according to the comparison result, including when the comparison result does not satisfy the preset condition, the following steps are performed: b2-3, adjusting the magnetic system components of the geophone to adjust the design direct current resistance so that the design transduction coefficient meets the target transduction coefficient. Specifically, the length of a coil in a magnetic system component, for example, the magnetic system component, can be adjusted to adjust the direct current resistance, and a designed transduction coefficient meeting the requirement is obtained according to the adjusted direct current resistance. It will be appreciated that the adjustment process may be fine tuned multiple times to bring the design transduction coefficient closer to the target transduction coefficient.

Optionally, the design sensitivity is the sensitivity of the geophone under critical damping, and the design direct current resistance is the direct current resistance of the geophone under critical damping. Specifically, the design sensitivity may be a sensitivity of the geophone under critical damping, and the design direct current resistance may be a direct current resistance of the geophone under critical damping. The sensitivity of the detector can be measured and calculated by a direct current excitation method, and other methods can be adopted to measure and calculate the sensitivity of the detector in actual work, such as a vibration table method and a non-direct current excitation method, generally, the vibration table is heavy in equipment, complex in structure, high in manufacturing cost, high in environmental requirement and low in test speed, and is suitable for measurement units and manufacturers and is used by the vibration table method according to national standard regulations; in contrast, the direct current excitation method is simple, easy to implement, particularly suitable for field operation places, and suitable for scenes with no harsh requirements on measurement accuracy. The direct current resistance of the detector can be obtained by measuring through a voltage division method, in other embodiments, the direct current resistance can be measured by adopting other methods, the critical damping can be obtained by outputting a constant current to the coil of the geophone through the tester, so that the coil is lifted to 70% of the maximum stroke of the coil from the starting point, then the current is cut off, the output sine waveform of the coil is measured when the current is 0, the damping coefficient of the geophone is obtained by calculating according to a formula, and the damping coefficient is obtained by performing normalization processing on the damping coefficient.

For the specific embodiment, A, B, C and D are four different geophones with natural frequency of 5Hz, a is designed based on the geophone design method of the present invention, B, C, D is several geophones currently used using rare earth permanent magnets, and the table shows that the formula K ═ G is calculated by the currently commonly used transduction₁/(R₁)1/2 list of transduction coefficient calculations, where G₁For sensitivity, R₁Is a direct current resistance. These prior art techniques have been developed for various combinations of magnetic systems, for various proportional changes of coil window and magnetic system, and for adjustments of reed, air gap, etc. From table one it can be seen that the volume of the geophone matrix with almost the same transduction coefficient and parameter index has a difference of over 30%.

TABLE I geophone parameter List based on existing transduction calculation formula

Second table is a formula K calculated by transduction in the invention_vA list of transduction coefficient calculations is made (G/(R)1/2)/V, where G is the sensitivity at critical damping, R is the dc resistance at critical damping, and V is the geophone base volume. It can be seen from table two that the transduction constant of the embodiment a of the present invention is significantly better than that of the prior art B, C, D at the same natural frequency. The transduction constant is 0.019 or more and the volume is minimized. The sensitivity and dc resistance here use normalized values of 0.7 critical damping. The damping value is introduced because the damping of the geophone is a parameter most influenced by other indexes, and the parameters influencing critical damping comprise parameters such as sensitivity, coil resistance, elastic material frequency, inertial mass, damping material conductivity, loop impedance and the like.

TABLE II geophone parameter list based on transduction calculation formula in the invention

And the third table is used for adjusting the diameter of the magnetic system component and the length of the magnetic system component of the geophone. I.e. the adjusted set length to diameter ratio. The length-diameter ratio of the matrix is less than or equal to 1. The reduction of the length-diameter ratio means that the volume factor of a geophone base is introduced, the diameter of the geophone is increased under the same volume, the flattening design is realized, the coupling effect of the geophone and the ground can be better, and the beneficial effect of introducing the volume factor is realized.

TABLE III geophone parameters based on aspect ratio improvement

It is to be understood that the foregoing examples, while indicating the preferred embodiments of the invention, are given by way of illustration and description, and are not to be construed as limiting the scope of the invention; it should be noted that, for those skilled in the art, the above technical features can be freely combined, and several changes and modifications can be made without departing from the concept of the present invention, which all belong to the protection scope of the present invention; therefore, all equivalent changes and modifications made within the scope of the claims of the present invention should be covered by the claims of the present invention.