阅读说明：本技术 一种适用于金属种植体表面改性的器械 (Instrument suitable for surface modification of metal implant ) 是由 张贞 魏青松 田思源 敖勇 周婧萱 范文杰 于 2019-02-15 设计创作，主要内容包括：本发明公开了一种适用于金属种植体表面改性的器械,包括喷砂组件和/或阳极氧化处理组件；喷砂组件用于对待处理的金属种植体表面进行金属粉末喷砂处理,使金属种植体裸露的部分被直接清创,得到喷砂后的金属种植体,该喷砂后的金属种植体可直接作为表面改性后的金属种植体；阳极氧化处理组件用于单独或配合喷砂组件对待处理的金属种植体或喷砂后的金属种植体进行阳极腐蚀处理,得到阳极腐蚀处理后的金属种植体可以作为表面改性后的金属种植体。本发明通过对器械中所含的功能组件及与该器械相对应的处理方法整体流程工艺等进行改进,利用喷砂组件和/或阳极氧化处理组件,能够有效的对金属种植体表面进行改性,清除金属种植体聚集的细菌。(The invention discloses an apparatus suitable for surface modification of a metal implant, which comprises a sand blasting component and/or an anodic oxidation treatment component; the sand blasting component is used for performing metal powder sand blasting treatment on the surface of the metal implant to be treated to enable the exposed part of the metal implant to be directly debrided so as to obtain the metal implant subjected to sand blasting, and the metal implant subjected to sand blasting can be directly used as a metal implant subjected to surface modification; the anodic oxidation treatment assembly is used for carrying out anodic corrosion treatment on the metal implant to be treated or the metal implant subjected to sand blasting alone or in cooperation with the sand blasting assembly, and the obtained metal implant subjected to anodic corrosion treatment can be used as a metal implant subjected to surface modification. The invention can effectively modify the surface of the metal implant and remove bacteria gathered by the metal implant by improving the functional components contained in the instrument and the whole process of the treatment method corresponding to the instrument and utilizing the sand blasting component and/or the anodic oxidation treatment component.)

1. An apparatus suitable for surface modification of a metal implant, which is characterized by comprising a sand blasting component used alone, an anodizing component used alone, or a sand blasting component and an anodizing component used in cooperation;

for the sand blasting component used for independent use, the sand blasting component is used for performing metal powder sand blasting treatment on the surface of the metal implant to be treated, so that the exposed part of the metal implant is directly debrided, and the obtained metal implant subjected to sand blasting is the metal implant subjected to surface modification;

for the anodic oxidation treatment component used for independent use, the anodic oxidation treatment component is used for carrying out anodic corrosion treatment on the metal implant to be treated to obtain the metal implant subjected to anodic corrosion treatment, namely the metal implant subjected to surface modification; the anodic corrosion treatment specifically comprises the steps of connecting a metal implant to be treated with a positive electrode of a power supply, and connecting a metal material corresponding to the component of the metal implant with a negative electrode of the power supply;

for the sand blasting component and the anodic oxidation treatment component which are used in a matched mode, the sand blasting component is used for performing metal powder sand blasting treatment on the surface of the metal implant to be treated, so that the exposed part of the metal implant is directly debrided, and the metal implant subjected to sand blasting is obtained; the anodic oxidation treatment assembly is used for carrying out anodic corrosion treatment on the metal implant subjected to sand blasting to obtain the metal implant subjected to anodic corrosion treatment, namely the metal implant subjected to surface modification; the anodic corrosion treatment is to connect the metal implant subjected to sand blasting with the positive electrode of a power supply and connect the metal material corresponding to the components of the metal implant with the negative electrode of the power supply;

preferably, in the anodic oxidation treatment assembly for separate use, the metal implant to be treated is connected with a positive electrode of a power supply through a platinum electrode; in the sand blasting component and the anodic oxidation treatment component which are used in cooperation, the metal implant subjected to sand blasting is connected with the positive electrode of a power supply through a platinum electrode.

2. The apparatus for surface modification of metal implants according to claim 1, wherein the metal implant to be treated is a titanium metal implant to be treated; correspondingly, the metal material corresponding to the metal implant component is specifically a titanium elementary substance material;

preferably, the titanium metal implant to be treated is a titanium metal implant installed in the oral cavity.

3. The apparatus for surface modification of metal implant according to claim 1, wherein said anodic corrosion treatment is performed with physiological saline as electrolyte;

the anodic oxidation treatment assembly further comprises an electrolyte barrel for storing physiological saline.

4. The apparatus for modifying the surface of a metal implant according to claim 1, wherein said blasting assembly comprises a blaster and a cartridge, said cartridge being adapted to store said metal powder, said blaster being adapted to form a blast from said metal powder in said cartridge.

5. The apparatus suitable for surface modification of metal implants according to claim 1, wherein said metal powder is a metal powder with a diameter of 5-45 μm; preferably, the metal powder is magnesium powder, zinc powder or titanium powder.

6. The apparatus suitable for surface modification of metal implant according to claim 1, wherein the distance between the blasting exit port of the blasting component and the surface of metal implant to be treated satisfies 0.1-1 cm.

7. The apparatus for surface modification of metal implant according to claim 1, wherein the anodic oxidation treatment assembly is configured to provide 10-20V voltage for the anodic corrosion treatment, the distance between the cathode and the anode is 1-2 cm, and the treatment time of the anodic corrosion treatment is 7-10 s.

8. The apparatus suitable for surface modification of metal implants according to claim 2, wherein said elemental titanium material is an elemental titanium sheet.

Technical Field

The invention relates to the field of biomedical materials, in particular to a device suitable for surface modification of a metal implant, which can be used for treating peri-implantitis and a method for treating peri-implantitis by sand blasting and anode corrosion of metal powder (such as magnesium powder), and is particularly suitable for surface modification of a titanium metal implant.

Background

Taking titanium metal implants as an example, the use of titanium as an implant has become one of the mainstream approaches in current oral repair treatment. Approximately 3000 million implants are implanted into a patient's jaw bone worldwide each year. However, with the widespread use of titanium implants, more and more clinical complications are observed. One of the most problematic problems is peri-implantitis.

Since the implant is implanted into the jaw bone and the prosthetic appliance is connected to the jaw bone through the implant material, a doctor needs to incise tissues such as mucosa covering the jaw bone and restore the tissues after the implant is implanted, and the soft tissues combined with the implant become a barrier against bacteria in the oral cavity. However, the soft tissue blood vessels on the surface of the implant are not abundant, and the implant and the bone tissue can not form a real effective connection, so bacteria can easily invade the parts to cause inflammation. The severity of bone loss caused by peri-implantitis increases with the increase of loading time, and it is currently believed that about 20% of patients and 10% of implants will be affected by peri-implantitis 5-10 years after implantation, and the accumulation of peri-implantitis becomes the most serious postoperative complication of implant repair and becomes the most main pathogenic factor of implant failure, thus causing wide attention in the field of implant science. With the rapid increase of implant teeth in China, the problem of peri-implantitis is will be more serious. Therefore, a method for treating peri-implantitis and a corresponding medical device are needed.

The current treatment modes mainly comprise auxiliary support and surgical treatment. Adjunctive supportive care includes antimicrobial drugs, ultrasonic scraping and grit blasting, further treatments such as laser therapy or other photodynamic therapy. Since the implants with rough surface and rich threads are used at present, the designs have positive significance in increasing the osseointegration around the implant and promoting the regeneration of the bone, and simultaneously promote the accumulation of bacteria. Mechanical treatment is not sufficient to remove peri-implant infection due to the micron-scale rough surface structure of the implant surface. Laser treatment can effectively sterilize, but cannot remove surface contamination layers from the sides and bottoms. Therefore, the auxiliary support treatment can only reduce the percentage of the probing bleeding, has limited improvement effect on other clinical indexes, can not recover defective bone tissues, and has obvious disease recurrence tendency.

Although these methods are effective in removing bacteria, their biocompatibility after treatment remains to be examined, and the result is that bone tissue cannot be regenerated, which is not ideal.

Disclosure of Invention

In view of the above defects or improvement needs of the prior art, the present invention aims to provide an apparatus suitable for modifying the surface of a metal implant, wherein by improving the functional components contained in the apparatus and the overall process of the treatment method corresponding to the apparatus, the problems of bacterial aggregation and easy peri-implant inflammation of the metal implant (such as a titanium metal implant) installed in the oral cavity and low biocompatibility of the existing treatment method can be effectively solved. The surface of the metal implant to be treated is modified by the metal powder sand blasting component (such as a magnesium powder sand blasting component) and the anodic oxidation treatment component which are matched for use, so that bacteria gathered by the metal implant can be effectively removed, the biocompatibility is good, and the negative influence on the thread structure of the metal implant can be avoided; accordingly, a new method of cleaning the implant surface in the mouth of a patient, in particular, can be achieved using the instrument.

In order to achieve the above object, according to the present invention, there is provided an apparatus for surface modification of a metal implant, comprising a blasting component for single use, or an anodizing component for single use, or a blasting component and an anodizing component for cooperation use;

for the sand blasting component used for independent use, the sand blasting component is used for performing metal powder sand blasting treatment on the surface of the metal implant to be treated, so that the exposed part of the metal implant is directly debrided, and the obtained metal implant subjected to sand blasting is the metal implant subjected to surface modification;

for the anodic oxidation treatment component used for independent use, the anodic oxidation treatment component is used for carrying out anodic corrosion treatment on the metal implant to be treated to obtain the metal implant subjected to anodic corrosion treatment, namely the metal implant subjected to surface modification; the anodic corrosion treatment specifically comprises the steps of connecting a metal implant to be treated with a positive electrode of a power supply, and connecting a metal material corresponding to the component of the metal implant with a negative electrode of the power supply;

for the sand blasting component and the anodic oxidation treatment component which are used in a matched mode, the sand blasting component is used for performing metal powder sand blasting treatment on the surface of the metal implant to be treated, so that the exposed part of the metal implant is directly debrided, and the metal implant subjected to sand blasting is obtained; the anodic oxidation treatment assembly is used for carrying out anodic corrosion treatment on the metal implant subjected to sand blasting to obtain the metal implant subjected to anodic corrosion treatment, namely the metal implant subjected to surface modification; the anodic corrosion treatment is to connect the metal implant subjected to sand blasting with the positive electrode of a power supply and connect the metal material corresponding to the components of the metal implant with the negative electrode of the power supply;

preferably, in the anodic oxidation treatment assembly for separate use, the metal implant to be treated is connected with a positive electrode of a power supply through a platinum electrode; in the sand blasting component and the anodic oxidation treatment component which are used in cooperation, the metal implant subjected to sand blasting is connected with the positive electrode of a power supply through a platinum electrode.

As a further preference of the present invention, the metal implant to be treated is a titanium metal implant to be treated; correspondingly, the metal material corresponding to the metal implant component is specifically a titanium elementary substance material;

preferably, the titanium metal implant to be treated is a titanium metal implant installed in the oral cavity.

In a further preferred embodiment of the present invention, the anodic corrosion treatment is performed using a physiological saline solution as an electrolyte;

the anodic oxidation treatment assembly further comprises an electrolyte barrel for storing physiological saline.

As a further preferred aspect of the present invention, the blasting assembly includes a blaster and a cartridge, the cartridge is used for storing the metal powder, and the blaster is used for forming the blasting by using the metal powder in the cartridge as a raw material.

In a further preferred embodiment of the present invention, the metal powder is a metal powder having a diameter of 5 to 45 μm; preferably, the metal powder is magnesium powder, zinc powder or titanium powder.

As a further preferable mode of the present invention, a distance between a blasting exit port of the blasting unit and the surface of the metal implant to be treated satisfies 0.1 to 1 cm.

As a further optimization of the invention, the anodic oxidation treatment component is used for providing 10-20V voltage for the anodic corrosion treatment, the distance between the cathode and the anode is 1-2 cm, and the treatment time of the anodic corrosion treatment is 7-10 s.

As a further preferred aspect of the present invention, the elemental titanium material is an elemental titanium sheet.

Compared with the prior art, the technical scheme of the invention has the advantages that the sand blasting component and/or the anodic oxidation treatment component are/is adopted to carry out independent or matched sand blasting treatment and anodic corrosion treatment on the metal implant to be treated, so that the surface of the metal implant can be effectively modified, and bacteria gathered by the metal implant can be removed.

The apparatus suitable for modifying the surface of the metal implant comprises a sand blasting assembly and an anodic oxidation treatment assembly which are used in cooperation, and the cooperation of metal powder sand blasting treatment (such as magnesium powder sand blasting treatment) and anodic corrosion treatment is utilized, so that the obtained apparatus is particularly suitable for modifying the surface of the metal implant, such as surface modification of the titanium implant, on one hand, bacteria of the titanium implant to be treated can be removed, and on the other hand, the treated titanium implant can be ensured to recover the biocompatibility.

Taking a titanium metal implant as an example, the basic principle of the sand blasting apparatus is to drive particles by compressed air to form a high-speed particle flow, and the particles act on the titanium surface through fine sand powder, so that dirt and bacteria on the titanium surface are removed by utilizing the kinetic energy of the particle flow. The metal powder adopted by the sand blasting treatment can be a material (such as magnesium powder, zinc powder, titanium powder and the like) with biocompatibility, and the surface of the implant can be cleaned. Taking magnesium powder sand blasting as an example, the invention can adopt magnesium powder for sand blasting, and magnesium is a biodegradable material and can be degraded in a machine body. In addition, the invention preferably adopts micron-sized magnesium powder, the diameter of magnesium powder particles is smaller and is close to the size of bacteria, and the bacteria on the surface of titanium can be removed in the sand blasting process. In the magnesium powder sand blasting process, a magnesium nano-layer is formed on the surface of the implant; although magnesium is relatively less biocompatible than titanium, good biocompatibility can be restored by subsequent galvanic anodic corrosion treatment.

The present invention preferably uses magnesium powder with a particle size similar to that of bacteria for sandblasting. The magnesium powder with the size can enter the micron-sized structure on the surface of the implant. During sand blasting, the magnesium powder impacts the surface of the implant under the driving of high-speed airflow, so that bacteria on the surface of the implant can be thoroughly removed. Although magnesium is less biocompatible than titanium than other methods, its excellent conductivity facilitates subsequent galvanic anodic corrosion treatment. In consideration of the safe voltage of a human body, the voltage of 10-20V is preferably used in the anodic corrosion treatment (namely, the anodic oxidation treatment component is used for providing 10-20V voltage for the anodic corrosion treatment), normal saline is used as an electrolyte, and the time is controlled within 1 minute (such as 7-10 s), the anodic corrosion treatment can corrode the magnesium layer after sand blasting, on one hand, the magnesium layer is completely removed, on the other hand, the titanium substrate can be subjected to weak anodic oxidation to generate titanium oxide, and the titanium substrate is covered by a thin oxide, so that most of biocompatibility is recovered. The anode can use a platinum electrode to clamp the implant to prevent the lead or other metal materials from extending into the electrolyte and corroding. The invention is suitable for the surface modification apparatus of titanium and other metal implants and the corresponding processing method, has simple and convenient operation and low cost, and has the advantages of rare advantages compared with other methods.

In addition, magnesium has good biocompatibility in terms of safety, for example, magnesium has an effect of inducing bone remodeling; magnesium can be degraded in human body, and magnesium ions generated by degradation can be discharged from human body, and will not generate toxicity to organs of human body such as liver and kidney. The magnesium has stronger reducibility and can be completely removed by a subsequent electrochemical corrosion method. Therefore, the present invention selects to sand blast by using biocompatible metal powder such as magnesium powder. In addition, by using the apparatus and the corresponding method, experiments show that the titanium after anode corrosion has a certain bacteriostatic action.

Drawings

FIG. 1 is a plot of an analytical fit of the valence of titanium to the blasted anodized surface of example 5, from which it can be seen that all of the titanium has a valence of + 4.

Fig. 2 is a picture before the blasting process (i.e., before bacterial removal) in example 2.

Fig. 3 is a picture after the blasting process (i.e., after bacterial removal) in example 2.

FIG. 4 shows cells of the titanium surface treated by sandblasting in example 2. Since magnesium is slightly lower than the biocompatibility of titanium, the growth of cells on the surface of titanium subjected to sand blasting is not good, and few cells exist.

FIG. 5 shows cells of the titanium surface treated by blasting and anodizing in example 5. As can be seen from the microscopic photograph, the biocompatibility of the titanium surface after sand blasting and anodic corrosion is improved, the growth state of cells is good, and the number of cells is large.

Detailed Description

In order to make the objects, technical solutions and advantages of the present invention more apparent, the present invention is described in further detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings and embodiments. It should be understood that the specific embodiments described herein are merely illustrative of the invention and are not intended to limit the invention. In addition, the technical features involved in the embodiments of the present invention described below may be combined with each other as long as they do not conflict with each other.

The invention is suitable for the apparatus of surface modification of metal implant (such as titanium metal implant), corresponding to adopting the magnesium powder to decontaminate and the anodic corrosion method, the apparatus includes the magnesium powder sand blasting component and the anodic oxidation processing component used for cooperating integrally, take titanium metal implant as an example, wherein:

the magnesium powder sand blasting component is used for carrying out magnesium powder sand blasting treatment on the surface of the titanium metal implant to be treated, so that the part of the titanium metal implant exposed in the oral cavity can be debrided, and the titanium metal implant subjected to sand blasting is obtained;

the anodic oxidation treatment assembly is used for carrying out anodic corrosion treatment on the titanium metal implant subjected to sand blasting, and the anodic corrosion treatment specifically comprises the step of connecting the titanium metal implant subjected to sand blasting with the positive electrode of a power supply and connecting a titanium simple substance material with the negative electrode of the power supply.

Preferably, in the anodizing member, on the anode side, the titanium implant may be sandwiched by a platinum electrode; the platinum electrode may further be a platinum electrode clip connected to the positive electrode of the power supply. The anodic corrosion treatment can use physiological saline as electrolyte; the anodizing treatment assembly also includes an electrolyte cartridge that can be used to store saline.

The magnesium powder sandblast subassembly can include sand blaster and feed cylinder, and the feed cylinder is used for depositing the magnesium powder, and the sand blaster then is used for taking the magnesium powder in the feed cylinder as the raw materials and forms the sandblast.

When the device is used, the surface modification can be carried out on the titanium metal implant in situ in the oral cavity of a patient according to the following steps:

1. carrying out magnesium powder sand blasting treatment on the titanium surface:

and (3) blasting sand to the titanium implant by using a sand blaster, wherein the nozzle of the sand blaster is away from the titanium surface by a certain distance. And in the sand blasting process, the nozzle moves back and forth, so that a layer of uniform magnesium powder is covered on the titanium surface. The magnesium powder may in particular be pure magnesium powder with a diameter in the order of microns.

2. Anodic oxidation treatment:

sufficient physiological saline is added into the oral cavity as an electrolyte. The anode uses platinum electrode to clamp the implant, and the cathode uses titanium simple substance material to ensure that the electrolyte completely submerges the two electrodes. The cathode and the anode are kept opposite and at a certain distance. And D, electrifying direct current, and controlling the voltage to be constant. After a certain time the current is switched off.

The following are specific examples (each example was carried out at ambient temperature):