阅读说明：本技术 一种电站设备用大型三通模锻装置及其模锻方法 (Large three-way die forging device for power station equipment and die forging method thereof ) 是由 牛龙江 辛绍杰 杨杰 张栋 刘钊 曹峰华 于 2020-05-25 设计创作，主要内容包括：本发明公开了一种电站设备用大型三通模锻装置及其模锻方法,其技术方案要点是：一种电站设备用大型三通模锻装置,包括底板,下模具,上模具,所述下模具包括主型腔、第一分支型腔和第二分支型腔,三者均为半圆柱型,所述上模具结构与下模具相对应,下模具和上模具合围后成用于成型大型Y型三通的腔室；所述底板连接有干路推进装置、第一支路封堵装置、第二支路封堵装置,所述第一支路封堵装置与第二支路封堵装置结构一致,且分别与第一分支型腔、第二分支型腔相对应。本发明提高锻造的大型Y型三通成型合格率,可靠性的同时缩短了生产周期,减少工厂设备运行成本,提高企业效益与竞争力。(The invention discloses a large three-way die forging device for power station equipment and a die forging method thereof, and the technical scheme is as follows: a large tee die forging device for power station equipment comprises a bottom plate, a lower die and an upper die, wherein the lower die comprises a main cavity, a first branch cavity and a second branch cavity which are all semi-cylindrical, the upper die corresponds to the lower die in structure, and a cavity for forming a large Y-shaped tee is formed by the lower die and the upper die in a surrounding manner; the bottom plate is connected with a trunk propelling device, a first branch plugging device and a second branch plugging device, and the first branch plugging device and the second branch plugging device are consistent in structure and respectively correspond to the first branch cavity and the second branch cavity. The invention improves the forming qualification rate of the forged large Y-shaped tee joint, shortens the production period while ensuring the reliability, reduces the operation cost of factory equipment and improves the benefit and the competitiveness of enterprises.)

1. The utility model provides a power station equipment is with large-scale tee bend die forging device, includes bottom plate (100), bed die (200), goes up mould (300), its characterized in that: the lower die (200) comprises a main die cavity (201), a first branch die cavity (202) and a second branch die cavity (203), the main die cavity, the first branch die cavity and the second branch die cavity are all semi-cylindrical, the upper die (300) is structurally corresponding to the lower die (200), and a cavity for forming a large Y-shaped tee joint is formed after the lower die (200) and the upper die (300) are surrounded; the bottom plate (100) is connected with a trunk propelling device (400), a first branch plugging device (500) and a second branch plugging device (600), and the first branch plugging device (500) and the second branch plugging device (600) are consistent in structure and respectively correspond to the first branch cavity (202) and the second branch cavity (203);

the main road propelling device (400) comprises a main road main machine box body (401) arranged on the bottom plate (100), a main road hydraulic push rod (402) arranged on the main road main machine box body (401), a main road push plate (403) arranged at the output end of the main road hydraulic push rod (402), and a punch (404) arranged on the main road push plate (403) and capable of being arranged in the main cavity (201) in a penetrating manner;

first branch road plugging device (500) including set up in branch road host computer box (501) of bottom plate (100), set up in branch road hydraulic rod (502) of branch road host computer box (501), set up in branch road hydraulic rod (502) and can the shutoff jam plate (503) of first branch die cavity (202), set up in jam plate (503) are towards end cap (504) of first branch die cavity (202) one end, end cap (504) can be worn to locate first branch die cavity (202).

2. The large three-way die forging device for the power station equipment as claimed in claim 1, wherein: the main hydraulic push rods (402) and the branch hydraulic push rods (502) are four in number, and the main hydraulic push rods (402) and the branch hydraulic push rods (502) are uniformly distributed around the corresponding punch heads (404) or plugs (504) respectively.

3. The large three-way die forging device for the power station equipment as claimed in claim 2, wherein: the punch (404) is in threaded connection with the trunk push plate (403), and the plug (504) is in threaded connection with the plug plate (503).

4. The large three-way die forging device for the power station equipment as claimed in claim 3, wherein: and motors for driving the corresponding punches (404) or plugs (504) to rotate are arranged in the main circuit main machine box body (401) and the branch circuit main machine box body (501).

5. The large three-way die forging device for the power station equipment as claimed in claim 4, wherein: the blocking plate (503) is provided with a pressure sensor for detecting the pressure borne by the blocking plate (503).

6. The large three-way die forging device for the power station equipment as claimed in claim 5, wherein: the side wall of the first branch cavity (202) of the lower die (200) is provided with a plurality of scale marks.

7. The large three-way die forging device for the power station equipment as claimed in claim 3, wherein: the end part of the plug (504) is arranged in a flat head shape or a pointed head shape.

8. A die forging method of a large three-way die forging device for power station equipment is characterized by comprising the following steps: the method comprises the following steps: step 1, preparation work, wherein a trunk main machine box body (401) in a trunk propelling device (400) operates and drives four trunk hydraulic push rods (402), a trunk push plate (403) and a punch (404) to retreat and separate from a main cavity (201); the first branch plugging device (500) and the second branch plugging device (600) drive the corresponding plugs (504) to separate from the first branch cavity (202) and the second branch cavity (203), and the upper die (300) is moved away;

step 2, starting to work, heating the cylindrical metal blank material to be extruded to 1200 ℃ in a heating furnace, and then clamping the cylindrical metal blank material in a main cavity (201) of a lower die (200) by a clamp;

step 3, the upper die (300) is buckled on the lower die (200), the top of the upper die (300) is pressed by an external press, a trunk main machine box body (401) in the trunk propelling device (400) drives a trunk push plate (403) and a punch (404) to move towards the main die cavity (201) through a trunk hydraulic push rod (402), so that the front end surface of the trunk push plate (403) is flush with the outer end surface of the main die cavity (201) of the die; the front end surfaces of the blocking plates (503) in the first branch blocking device (500) and the second branch blocking device (600) are respectively attached to the outer surfaces of the first branch cavity (202) and the second branch cavity (203) to be pressed tightly and block the first branch cavity (202) and the second branch cavity (203);

step 4, adjusting the initial position of the plug (504), and according to the metal fluidity condition to be forged, rotating the motors of the first branch plugging device (500) and the second branch plugging device (600) and driving the plug (504) to rotate and move so that the front end face of the plug (504) is level with the corresponding scale lines, and on the premise of ensuring the extrusion forming effect, forming corresponding holes of the large Y-shaped tee in the die;

step 5, starting extrusion, wherein a trunk hydraulic push rod (402) of a trunk propelling device (400) pushes a trunk push plate (403) and a punch (404) to move forwards completely, so that the trunk push plate (403) and the punch (404) enter a main cavity (201) of a die, contact with a cylindrical high-temperature metal material, continuously extrude the cylindrical high-temperature metal material to deform the cylindrical high-temperature metal material, and the material continuously flows to a first branch cavity (202) and a second branch cavity (203) to fill branch spaces;

and 6, according to the length requirement of all three pipelines of the Y-shaped tee joint, when the front end face of the push plate (403) reaches a preset position, the length of a main trunk of the Y-shaped tee joint is qualified, at the moment, the main trunk push plate (403) in the trunk propelling device (400) stops continuously propelling, the main trunk push plate (403) is kept still, a motor in the trunk propelling device (400) works to drive the punch (404) to continuously move forwards until the front end face of the punch (404) reaches the preset position, and the work is stopped.

Step 7, branch detection and compensation, wherein after the metal is extruded and flows to the first branch and the second branch, branch spaces are filled, and the metal continues to flow into gaps between the plug (504) and the cavities of the upper die (300) and the lower die (200) until the metal cannot continue to flow after the metal contacts with the front end face of the plug plate (503);

step 8, after the metal is cooled, the punch (404) and the plug (504) rotate and move away under the driving of respective motors, the punch (404) moves to be level with the surface of the trunk push plate (403), and the plug (504) moves to be level with the surface of the plug plate (503); then, the main path pushing device (400), the first branch path blocking device (500) and the second branch path blocking device (600) drive the corresponding punch (404) and the plug (504) to withdraw from the die cavity of the die, the pressing device at the top of the upper die (300) is removed, the extruded Y-shaped tee joint is taken out, the Y-shaped tee joint is transferred to a machining area to further perform machining work such as drilling, reaming, trimming and the like, and finally the product is completely formed.

9. The die forging method of the large three-way die forging device for the power station equipment as claimed in claim 8, wherein: in the step 7, the pressure sensors positioned on the back of the blocking plate (503) work all the time to detect pressure changes, when the pressure sensors detect the pressure changes and the numerical values are basically equivalent, the metal is fully extruded and formed, the metal of the two branches is fully contacted with the blocking plate (503), all gaps are filled, and the large Y-shaped tee joint is preliminarily formed; if the pressure sensor on the blocking plate (503) does not detect the pressure change, or the sensor detects the pressure change only in partial position, and the pressure change is not detected in partial position of the sensor, the extrusion is not sufficient, the metal does not flow to completely fill the gap between the plug (504) and the die cavity, at this time, due to the limitation of product size, the pushing operation of the main path pushing device (400) reaches the preset position and cannot continue to advance, then the motors in the first branch path blocking device (500) and the second branch path blocking device (600) work, the plug (504) is driven to continue to move forwards, the space is further compressed, and the metal is extruded to flow to fill the gap.

Technical Field

The invention relates to the field of die forging of large tee pieces, in particular to a die forging device and a die forging method of a large tee piece for power station equipment.

Background

The large Y-tee is one of the most important core components in the current thermal power generation and nuclear power generation systems, and its functions are used for transferring and shunting high-temperature and high-pressure steam, etc. With the continuous development of the power generation industry in China, the demand of large-scale tee joints is larger and larger, the requirements on the tee joints are high, and besides excellent performance is guaranteed, the requirements on the processing period, the production cost and the like are also high.

The current large Y-shaped three-way products mainly comprise two production modes of free forging and die forging. The free forging is generally performed by using a large hydraulic press, drilling holes in combination with machining, trimming and finally forming. The swaging is typically made using a die having a "Y" cavity, with a total of 3 holes in the Y die, one hole for advancing the punch 404, and two other holes either directly closed or partially blocked inward with inserts to ensure that during extrusion, both branches of the Y are extruded by the inserts into a cylindrical hole to reduce post-machining drilling.

When the integral Y-shaped tee joint is forged in a free forging mode, the material utilization rate is low, the material is greatly wasted, the production cost is improved, the production period is long, and the method is not suitable for mass production.

When the integral Y-shaped tee joint is forged by adopting a die forging mode, if no insert block is arranged on the Y-shaped branch, the workload of later machining and drilling is large; having set up the abaculus and stretched into in the mould, because the mobility problem under the metal high temperature, probably the metal can't be according to the perfect inflow of preset state and fill the space between abaculus and the mould inner wall, also can't form the cylindrical hole of abaculus shape during the extrusion to cause the die forging product unqualified.

Therefore, there is a need to improve the technology to overcome the above-mentioned drawbacks.

Disclosure of Invention

The invention aims to provide a large tee die forging device for power station equipment and a die forging method thereof, which improve the forming qualification rate of a forged large Y-shaped tee, shorten the production period while ensuring the reliability, reduce the operation cost of factory equipment and improve the enterprise benefit and competitiveness.

The technical purpose of the invention is realized by the following technical scheme: a large tee die forging device for power station equipment comprises a bottom plate, a lower die and an upper die, wherein the lower die comprises a main cavity, a first branch cavity and a second branch cavity which are all semi-cylindrical, the upper die corresponds to the lower die in structure, and a cavity for forming a large Y-shaped tee is formed by the lower die and the upper die in a surrounding manner; the bottom plate is connected with a trunk pushing device, a first branch plugging device and a second branch plugging device, and the first branch plugging device and the second branch plugging device are consistent in structure and respectively correspond to a first branch cavity and a second branch cavity;

the main road propelling device comprises a main road main machine box body arranged on the bottom plate, a main road hydraulic push rod arranged on the main road main machine box body, a main road push plate arranged at the output end of the main road hydraulic push rod, and a punch head arranged on the main road push plate and capable of being arranged in the main cavity in a penetrating manner;

first branch road plugging device including set up in the branch road host computer box of bottom plate, set up in the branch road hydraulic rod of branch road host computer box, set up in but branch road hydraulic rod and shutoff the closure plate of first branch die cavity, set up in the closure plate is towards the end cap of first branch die cavity one end, the end cap can be worn to locate first branch die cavity.

The invention is further provided with: the main road hydraulic push rod and the branch road hydraulic push rod are all four, and the main road hydraulic push rod and the branch road hydraulic push rod are uniformly distributed around the corresponding punch or plug respectively.

The invention is further provided with: the punch is in threaded connection with the trunk push plate, and the plug is in threaded connection with the blocking plate.

The invention is further provided with: and the main road main machine box body and the branch road main machine box body are internally provided with motors for driving the corresponding punches or plugs to rotate.

The invention is further provided with: the blocking plate is provided with a pressure sensor for detecting the pressure borne by the blocking plate.

The invention is further provided with: the side wall of the first branch cavity of the lower die is provided with a plurality of scale marks.

The invention is further provided with: the end part of the plug is arranged in a flat head shape or a pointed head shape.

The invention is further provided with: a die forging method of a large three-way die forging device for power station equipment comprises the following steps: step 1, preparation work, wherein a trunk main machine box body in a trunk propelling device operates and drives four trunk hydraulic push rods, a trunk push plate and a punch to retreat and separate from a main cavity; the first branch plugging device and the second branch plugging device drive the corresponding plugs to separate from the first branch cavity and the second branch cavity and move the upper die;

step 2, starting to work, heating the cylindrical metal blank material to be extruded to 1200 ℃ in a heating furnace, and then clamping and placing the cylindrical metal blank material in a main cavity of a lower die by a clamp;

step 3, buckling an upper die on a lower die, pressing the top of the upper die by an external press, and driving a trunk push plate and a punch head to move towards the inside of a main cavity by a trunk hydraulic push rod of a trunk main machine box body in a trunk propelling device so that the front end surface of the trunk push plate is flush with the outer end surface of the main cavity of the die; the front end surfaces of the blocking plates in the first branch blocking device and the second branch blocking device are respectively attached to the outer surfaces of the first branch cavity and the second branch cavity to compress and block the first branch cavity and the second branch cavity;

step 4, adjusting the initial position of the plug, and according to the metal fluidity condition to be forged, rotating the motors of the first branch plugging device and the second branch plugging device and driving the plug to rotate and move, so that the front end face of the plug is leveled with the corresponding scale mark, and on the premise of ensuring the extrusion forming effect, corresponding holes of the large Y-shaped tee joint are formed in the die;

step 5, starting extrusion, wherein a trunk hydraulic push rod of a trunk propelling device pushes a trunk push plate and a punch to move forwards completely, so that the trunk push plate and the punch enter a main cavity of a die, contact with a cylindrical high-temperature metal material and continuously extrude the cylindrical high-temperature metal material to deform the cylindrical high-temperature metal material, and the material continuously flows to a first branch cavity and a second branch cavity to fill branch spaces;

and 6, according to the length requirement of all three pipelines of the Y-shaped tee joint, when the front end face of the push plate reaches a preset position, the length of a main trunk of the Y-shaped tee joint is qualified, at the moment, the trunk push plate in the trunk propelling device stops continuously propelling, the trunk push plate is kept still, a motor in the trunk propelling device works, the punch is driven to continuously move forwards until the front end face of the punch reaches the preset position, and the work is stopped.

Step 7, branch detection and compensation, wherein after the metal is extruded and flows to the first branch and the second branch, branch spaces are filled, and the metal continues to flow into gaps among the plugs, the upper die and the lower die cavity until the metal cannot continue to flow after the metal contacts with the front end face of the blocking plate;

step 8, after the metal is cooled, the punch and the plug rotate and move away under the driving of respective motors, the punch moves to be level with the surface of the main road push plate, and the plug moves to be level with the surface of the plug plate; then, the main path propelling device, the first branch plugging device and the second branch plugging device drive the corresponding punch and the corresponding plug to be removed from the die cavity, the pressing device at the top of the upper die is removed, the extruded Y-shaped tee joint is taken out, the Y-shaped tee joint is transferred to a machining area to be further subjected to machining work such as drilling, reaming, finishing and the like, and finally the product is completely molded.

The invention is further provided with: in step 7, the pressure sensor positioned on the back of the blocking plate works all the time to detect pressure changes, when the pressure sensors detect the pressure changes and the numerical values are basically equivalent, the metal is fully extruded and formed, the metal of the two branches is fully contacted with the blocking plate, all gaps are filled, and the large Y-shaped tee joint is preliminarily formed; if the pressure sensor on the blocking plate does not detect the pressure change, or the sensor detects the pressure change only in partial position, and the partial position of the sensor does not detect the pressure change, the extrusion is not sufficient, and the metal does not flow to completely fill the gap between the plug and the mold cavity.

In conclusion, the invention has the following beneficial effects:

when the die is used, metal to be forged is placed into the main cavity and buckled with the die, the hydraulic mechanism in the box body of the main machine of the first branch circuit controls the hydraulic push rod of the branch circuit to move, so that the plug head penetrates into the corresponding first branch cavity or the second branch cavity, and meanwhile, the plug plate is respectively abutted against and covers the end face of the corresponding first branch cavity or the second branch cavity; then, a hydraulic mechanism in the main machine box body of the main machine controls a main hydraulic push rod to extend, and pushes a main push plate and a punch to move towards the main cavity, so that the main push plate is abutted against the end face of the main cavity, and the punch is driven by a motor in the main machine box body of the main machine to spirally move towards the main cavity, thereby realizing extrusion forging of metal materials; when the first branch cavity or the second branch cavity is not filled with the slow metal material, the motor in the corresponding branch main machine box body drives the corresponding plug to move spirally, so that the metal material is further extruded, the cavity is ensured to be filled with the metal material, and the forging of the large Y-shaped tee joint is completed.

Because different metal materials are different in material and different in flowability in a metal melting state, when the blocking plate abuts against the first branch cavity and the second branch cavity, the motor in the corresponding branch host box drives the plug to rotate, so that the end face of the plug moves to the position corresponding to the scale mark, and the purpose of adapting to the metal materials with different flowability is achieved. When the metal material is extruded and forged, pressure change is detected through the pressure sensor, if the pressure change is detected at a plurality of detection positions of the pressure sensor and the numerical values are basically equivalent, the metal is fully extruded and formed, the metal of the two branches is fully contacted with the blocking plate, all gaps are filled, and the Y-shaped tee product is preliminarily formed; if the pressure sensor does not detect the pressure change, or the position of the blocking plate part detects the pressure change, and the rest part does not detect the pressure change, the extrusion is not sufficient, and the metal does not flow to completely fill the gap between the plug and the cavity, at the moment, due to the size limitation of the product, the propulsion work of the trunk propulsion device reaches the preset position and can not continue to advance, at the moment, the motor in the first branch plugging device works to drive the plug to continue to move forwards, the space is further compressed, and the metal is extruded to flow to fill the gap.

According to the device and the method, parameters can be adjusted and the extrusion state can be detected according to the characteristics of different metal flowability, so that the forged large Y-shaped tee joint is qualified in forming, the defective rate is reduced, the later machining amount is reduced as much as possible, the reliability is improved, the production period is shortened, the operation cost of factory equipment is reduced, and the enterprise benefit and the competitiveness are improved.

Drawings

FIG. 1 is a schematic structural view of example 1;

FIG. 2 is a schematic view of an upper mold and a lower mold in example 1;

FIG. 3 is a front view of the lower mold;

FIG. 4 is a schematic view showing the structure of example 1 with the upper mold hidden;

FIG. 5 is a schematic view of a dry road propulsion device;

figure 6 is a schematic view of a first branch occlusion device;

FIG. 7 is a schematic view of the product processed in example 1.

The corresponding part names indicated by the numbers in the figures: 100. a base plate; 200. a lower die; 201. a main cavity; 202. a first branch cavity; 203. a second branch cavity; 300. an upper die; 400. a trunk propulsion device; 401. a trunk main machine box body; 402. a main line hydraulic push rod; 403. a trunk push plate; 404. a punch; 500. a first branch plugging device; 501. a branch main machine box body; 502. a branch hydraulic push rod; 503. a blocking plate; 504. a plug; 600. and a second branch plugging device.

Detailed Description

In order to make the technical means, the original characteristics, the achieved purposes and the effects of the invention easy to understand, the invention is further described with reference to the figures and the specific embodiments.