阅读说明：本技术 一种用于船舶泵喷推进器水下缠绕的液压剪装置 (Hydraulic shear device for underwater winding of ship pump jet propeller ) 是由 孙建刚 熊紫英 刘树晓 祁立波 邹明松 于 2020-06-01 设计创作，主要内容包括：本发明涉及一种用于船舶泵喷推进器水下缠绕的液压剪装置,包括船体,其底面尾部处安装套管,套管相对于船体底面向外悬出,贯穿套管轴向安装尾轴,尾轴一端穿至船体内部并与主机相连,另一端伸出套管并套装泵喷导叶,尾轴端头固装螺旋桨；位于泵喷导叶前方的套管上沿着周向均布多组前剪切机构,泵喷导叶前侧面上固装多个与前剪切机构对应的静剪切刀一；泵喷导叶与螺旋桨间隔内安装多个静剪切刀二,还包括与一个静剪切刀二对应的后剪切机构；主机经尾轴带动螺旋桨转动,推动船体行驶；当螺旋桨被缠绕物缠绕时,前、后剪切机构自动动作分别与对应的静剪切刀配合将缠绕物剪断,本发明剪切力大,效率高,实用性强,适用性好,并且极大地便利于维护。(The invention relates to a hydraulic shearing device for underwater winding of a ship pump jet propeller, which comprises a ship body, wherein a sleeve is arranged at the tail part of the bottom surface of the ship body, the sleeve is outwards hung relative to the bottom surface of the ship body and axially provided with a tail shaft by penetrating through the sleeve, one end of the tail shaft penetrates into the ship body and is connected with a host, the other end of the tail shaft extends out of the sleeve and is sleeved with a pump jet guide vane, and a propeller is fixedly arranged at the end head of the tail; a plurality of groups of front shearing mechanisms are uniformly distributed on the sleeve positioned in front of the pump spray guide vane along the circumferential direction, and a plurality of static shearing knives I corresponding to the front shearing mechanisms are fixedly arranged on the front side surface of the pump spray guide vane; a plurality of second static shearing knives and a rear shearing mechanism corresponding to the second static shearing knife are arranged in the pump spraying guide blade and the propeller at intervals; the main machine drives the propeller to rotate through the tail shaft to push the ship body to run; when the propeller is wound by the wound object, the front shearing mechanism and the rear shearing mechanism automatically act to respectively cooperate with the corresponding static shearing knives to shear the wound object.)

1. The utility model provides a hydraulic pressure is cut device for twining under water of boats and ships pump jet propeller, includes hull (1), and hull (1) bottom surface afterbody department installs sleeve pipe (3), and sleeve pipe (3) outwards hang out its characterized in that for hull (1) bottom surface: a tail shaft (2) is axially arranged through the sleeve (3), one end of the tail shaft (2) penetrates into the hull (1) and is connected with the main machine, the other end of the tail shaft (2) extends out of the sleeve (3) and is sleeved with a pump spray guide vane (9), and a propeller (12) is fixedly arranged at the end of the tail shaft (2) extending to the rear side of the pump spray guide vane (9); a plurality of groups of front shearing mechanisms are uniformly distributed on the sleeve (3) positioned in front of the pump spray guide vane (9) along the circumferential direction, and a plurality of static shearing knives I (8) which correspond to the front shearing mechanisms one by one are fixedly arranged on the front side surface of the pump spray guide vane (9) along the circumferential direction; a plurality of second static shearing knives (11) are installed in the interval between the pump spraying guide vane (9) and the propeller (12) along the circumferential direction, and a rear shearing mechanism corresponding to one second static shearing knife (11) is installed on the bottom surface of the ship body (1).

2. The hydraulic shearing apparatus for underwater spooling of a marine pump jet as defined in claim 1 wherein: the structure of the single-group front shearing mechanism is as follows: the hydraulic oil pump comprises a first hydraulic oil cylinder (4) fixedly installed on the outer wall surface of a sleeve (3) along the axial direction, a pump spray guide vane (9) with the output end of the first hydraulic oil cylinder (4) facing the rear part, a connecting rod (6) hinged to the end part of the output end of the first hydraulic oil cylinder (4), a first dynamic shearing knife (7) hinged to the end part of the connecting rod (6), and a first dynamic shearing knife (7) hinged to the pump spray guide vane (9); the first dynamic shearing cutter (7) is pushed through the connecting rod (6) under the driving of the first hydraulic oil cylinder (4), so that the first dynamic shearing cutter (7) rotates relative to the pump jet guide vane (9), and the cutting edge of the first dynamic shearing cutter (7) is attached to the cutting edge of the corresponding first static shearing cutter (8).

3. The hydraulic shearing apparatus for underwater spooling of a marine pump jet as defined in claim 2 wherein: a front boss (91) extends forwards from the middle of the front side surface of the pump spray guide vane (9), and the rear end of the dynamic shearing knife I (7) is hinged with the edge of the front boss (91); static shearing knives (8) are uniformly distributed on the front side face of the pump spraying guide vane (9) outside the front boss (91) along the circumferential direction, and the circumferential outside of the front boss (91) is jointly contained after the cutting edges of the static shearing knives (8) and the cutting edges of the dynamic shearing knives (7) are attached.

4. The hydraulic shearing apparatus for underwater spooling of a marine pump jet as defined in claim 3 wherein: a plurality of blades are arranged on the pump spray guide blade (9) along the circumferential direction, and the number of the static shearing knives I (8) is consistent with that of the blades and corresponds to that of the blades one by one; the first static shearing knife (8) is fixedly arranged on the front side surface of the corresponding blade through a key connection or a fastener.

5. The hydraulic shearing apparatus for underwater spooling of a marine pump jet as defined in claim 2 wherein: a blocking net (17) is arranged between the first dynamic shearing knives (7) of the adjacent front shearing mechanisms; when the first dynamic shearing knife (7) is pushed out and is matched with the first static shearing knife (8), the plurality of arresting nets (17) are opened and cover the front side surface of the pump spraying guide vane (9); when the first dynamic shearing knife (7) is far away from the first static shearing knife (8), the arresting net (17) is retracted.

6. The hydraulic shearing apparatus for underwater spooling of a marine pump jet as defined in claim 1 wherein: the structure of the rear shearing mechanism is as follows: the device comprises a second hydraulic oil cylinder (14) fixedly arranged at the bottom of a ship body (1), wherein the output end of the second hydraulic oil cylinder (14) faces downwards, a second dynamic shearing knife (13) is arranged at the end head of the second hydraulic oil cylinder, and a cutting edge is arranged at the bottom of the second dynamic shearing knife (13); and the second hydraulic oil cylinder (14) pushes the second dynamic shearing cutter (13) to move downwards, so that the cutting edge of the second dynamic shearing cutter (13) is attached to the cutting edge of the corresponding second static shearing cutter (11).

7. The hydraulic shearing apparatus for underwater spooling of a marine pump jet as defined in claim 6 wherein: the cutting edge of the second dynamic shearing knife (13) is of an outer convex arc structure, the cutting edge of the second static shearing knife (11) is of an inner concave arc structure, and the cutting edge of the second dynamic shearing knife (13) is assembled with the cutting edge of the second static shearing knife (11).

8. The hydraulic shearing apparatus for underwater spooling of a marine pump jet as defined in claim 1 wherein: a rear boss (92) extends backwards from the middle part of the rear side surface of the pump spray guide vane (9), and a single static shearing knife II (11) is fixedly arranged on the circumferential surface of the rear boss (92) along the axial direction; and a pressure sensor (15) is arranged at the joint of the second static shearing cutter (11) and the rear boss (92), and the pressure sensor (15) is electrically connected with a control system of the ship body (1).

9. The hydraulic shearing apparatus for underwater spooling of a marine pump jet as defined in claim 8 wherein: the edge of the rear end face of the second static shearing cutter (11) extends backwards to form an inner step (111) on the inner wall face, the extending edge of the second static shearing cutter (11) contains the front end head of the rear propeller (12), and the inner step (111) is matched with the front end part of the propeller (12).

10. The hydraulic shearing apparatus for underwater spooling of a marine pump jet as defined in claim 1 wherein: a pump spray guide pipe (10) is mounted on the outer circumferential surface of the pump spray guide vane (9), the pump spray guide pipe (10) extends backwards and contains the propeller (12) inside, and a through hole (101) corresponding to the rear shearing mechanism is formed in the pump spray guide pipe (10); the top of the pump spray conduit (10) is fixedly arranged with the hull (1) through a hanging bracket (18); a tail shaft bracket (5) is arranged between the hanging end of the sleeve (3) and the bottom surface of the ship body (1).

Technical Field

The invention relates to the technical field of ship pump jet propellers, in particular to a hydraulic shear device for underwater winding of a ship pump jet propeller.

Background

Activities such as marine fishing, marine aquaculture fishery, marine geological exploration and energy exploitation leave a large amount of wastes in sea surfaces or water bodies, such as fishing nets, operation cables, fastening cables and the like, and the wastes are diffused along with ocean currents or one end of each waste is anchored at the bottom of water, and the wastes are easy to wind propellers or shafting of ship propulsion devices, so that the ship propulsion power loss, the propulsion system failure and even major safety accidents are caused.

Disclosure of Invention

The applicant aims at the defects in the prior art and provides the hydraulic shearing device for underwater winding of the ship pump jet propeller, which is reasonable in structure, so that the underwater winding hydraulic shearing device can automatically shear when winding occurs, has large shearing force, high shearing efficiency and good practicability, and is greatly convenient to maintain and use.

The technical scheme adopted by the invention is as follows:

a hydraulic shearing device for underwater winding of a ship pump jet propeller comprises a ship body, wherein a sleeve is mounted at the tail part of the bottom surface of the ship body, the sleeve is hung outwards relative to the bottom surface of the ship body, a tail shaft is axially mounted through the sleeve, one end of the tail shaft penetrates into the inside of the ship body and is connected with a host, the other end of the tail shaft extends out of the sleeve and is sleeved with a pump jet guide vane, and a propeller is fixedly mounted at the end of the tail shaft extending to the rear side of the pump jet guide vane; a plurality of groups of front shearing mechanisms are uniformly distributed on the sleeve positioned in front of the pump spray guide vane along the circumferential direction, and a plurality of static shearing knives I which are in one-to-one correspondence with the front shearing mechanisms are fixedly arranged on the front side surface of the pump spray guide vane along the circumferential direction; a plurality of second static shearing cutters are arranged in the interval between the pump spraying guide blade and the propeller along the circumferential direction, and a rear shearing mechanism corresponding to one second static shearing cutter is arranged on the bottom surface of the ship body.

As a further improvement of the above technical solution:

the structure of the single-group front shearing mechanism is as follows: the hydraulic oil cylinder I is fixedly arranged on the outer wall surface of the sleeve along the axial direction, the output end of the hydraulic oil cylinder I faces the pump spraying guide vane at the rear part, the end part of the output end of the hydraulic oil cylinder I is hinged with a connecting rod, the end part of the connecting rod is hinged with a first dynamic shearing cutter, and one end part of the first dynamic shearing cutter is hinged with the pump spraying guide vane; and under the driving of the hydraulic oil cylinder I, the first dynamic shearing cutter is pushed through the connecting rod, so that the first dynamic shearing cutter rotates relative to the pump spraying guide vane, and the cutting edge of the first dynamic shearing cutter is attached to the cutting edge of the corresponding first static shearing cutter.

A front boss extends forwards from the middle part of the front side surface of the pump spray guide vane, and the rear end of the first dynamic shearing knife is hinged with the edge of the front boss; static shearing knives I are uniformly distributed on the front side face of the pump spraying guide vane outside the front boss along the circumferential direction, and a cutting edge of the static shearing knives and a cutting edge of the dynamic shearing knives are attached and then jointly contained outside the circumferential direction of the front boss.

A plurality of blades are arranged on the pump spray guide blade along the circumferential direction, and the number of the first static shearing knives is consistent with that of the blades and corresponds to that of the blades one by one; and the first static shearing knife is fixedly arranged on the front side surface of the corresponding blade through a key connection or a fastener.

A blocking net is arranged between the first dynamic shearing knives of the adjacent front shearing mechanisms; when the first dynamic shearing knife is pushed out and is matched with the first static shearing knife, the plurality of blocking nets are opened and cover the front side face of the pump spraying guide vane; and when the dynamic shearing knife is far away from the static shearing knife, the arresting net is retracted.

The structure of the rear shearing mechanism is as follows: the device comprises a second hydraulic oil cylinder fixedly arranged at the bottom of a ship body, wherein the output end of the second hydraulic oil cylinder faces downwards, a second dynamic shearing knife is arranged at the end head of the second hydraulic oil cylinder, and a cutting edge is arranged at the bottom of the second dynamic shearing knife; and the second hydraulic oil cylinder pushes the second dynamic shearing cutter to move downwards, so that the cutting edge of the second dynamic shearing cutter is attached to the cutting edge of the corresponding second static shearing cutter.

The cutting edge of the second dynamic shearing cutter is of an outer convex arc structure, the cutting edge of the second static shearing cutter is of an inner concave arc structure, and the cutting edge of the second dynamic shearing cutter is assembled with the cutting edge of the second static shearing cutter.

A rear boss extends backwards from the middle part of the rear side surface of the pump spray guide vane, and a single static shear knife II is fixedly arranged on the circumferential surface of the rear boss along the axial direction; and a pressure sensor is arranged at the joint of the second static shearing cutter and the rear boss and is electrically connected with a control system of the ship body.

The edge of the rear end face of the second static shearing cutter extends backwards to form an inner step on the inner wall face, the extending edge of the second static shearing cutter contains the front end head of the rear propeller, and the inner step is matched with the front end part of the propeller.

The pump spraying guide vane is characterized in that a pump spraying guide pipe is arranged on the outer circumferential surface of the pump spraying guide vane, the pump spraying guide pipe extends backwards and wraps the propeller inside, and a through hole corresponding to the rear shearing mechanism is formed in the pump spraying guide pipe; the top of the pump spray conduit and the ship body are fixedly arranged through a hanging bracket; and a tail shaft bracket is arranged between the sleeve pipe hanging end and the bottom surface of the ship body.

The invention has the following beneficial effects:

the invention has compact and reasonable structure and convenient operation, the front and the rear shearing mechanisms are respectively arranged in front of and behind the pump spray guide vane, when the propeller is wound by a winding object, the front and the rear shearing mechanisms automatically act to respectively push the first dynamic shearing knife and the second dynamic shearing knife to be matched with the first static shearing knife and the second static shearing knife, thereby cutting the winding object; preceding, back shear mechanism are driven by hydraulic cylinder, and the shearing force is big to it is provided with the preceding shear mechanism of multiunit to spout the circumference in stator the place ahead at the pump, and the circumference at rear is provided with a plurality of quiet shearing sword two, and very big helping hand is particularly useful for the rapid processing of thick, tough material winding such as steel cable, high-strength nylon hawser in the promotion of shearing efficiency, and the practicality is strong, and it is convenient to maintain.

The invention also comprises the following advantages:

the first hydraulic oil cylinder acts to push the first dynamic shearing cutter forwards through the connecting rod, the first dynamic shearing cutter outwards rotates by taking a hinge point of the first dynamic shearing cutter and the pump spray guide vane as a circle center, so that a cutting edge of the first dynamic shearing cutter is attached to a cutting edge of the first static shearing cutter, a winding object at a corresponding position is cut off, and meanwhile, the blocking net is driven by the first dynamic shearing cutter to open so as to cover the front side face of the pump spray guide vane, so that more winding objects are reduced or even prevented from entering from a suction inlet of the pump spray guide vane; the second hydraulic oil cylinder acts to push the second dynamic shearing cutter downwards, so that the dynamic shearing cutter penetrates into the pump spray conduit downwards and is attached to the second cutting edge of the corresponding static shearing cutter, and the winding object at the corresponding position is cut off;

in the process that the propeller rotates along with the tail shaft, the winding object is slowly wound on the static shearing knives II in the circumferential direction of the pump jet guide vane, part of the winding object is cut off by the corresponding static shearing knives II in the winding process, the extrusion force borne by the static shearing knives II is continuously increased along with the continuous winding and the tightening of the winding object, and when the force transmitted to the pressure sensor by the static shearing knives II reaches a preset value, the pressure sensor sends a signal to the ship body control system, and the control system controls the front shearing mechanism and the rear shearing mechanism to act;

the edge of the rear end face of the second static shearing cutter extends backwards to form an inner step on the inner wall surface, and the extending edge covers the front end head of the rear propeller, so that a gap between the pump jet guide vane and the propeller is shielded, and the phenomenon that a winding object enters the gap to cause incapability of cutting is effectively avoided;

the tail shaft frame is used for supporting the hanging end of the sleeve, the hanging bracket is used for supporting the pump spraying guide pipe, the installation and relative positions of the sleeve, the pump spraying guide pipe and the ship body are guaranteed due to the tail shaft frame and the hanging bracket, and the stability and reliability of the whole device are guaranteed.

Drawings

FIG. 1 is a schematic structural diagram of the present invention.

Fig. 2 is a schematic structural view of the hydraulic shearing apparatus of the present invention.

Fig. 3 is a partially enlarged view of a portion a in fig. 2.

FIG. 4 is a schematic view of the present invention in a shear state.

Fig. 5 is a schematic view of the construction of the barrier net of the present invention (cross-sectional orientation in fig. 4 in shear).

Fig. 6 is a schematic view of the rear shearing mechanism of the present invention applied to a conventional ship.

Wherein: 1. a hull; 2. a tail shaft; 3. a sleeve; 4. a first hydraulic oil cylinder; 5. a tail shaft bracket; 6. a connecting rod; 7. a first dynamic shearing cutter; 8. a first static shearing cutter; 9. pump spray guide vanes; 10. a pump spray conduit; 11. a second static shearing cutter; 12. a propeller; 13. a second dynamic shearing cutter; 14. a second hydraulic oil cylinder; 15. a pressure sensor; 16. a wrap; 17. a barrier net; 18. a hanger; 91. a front boss; 92. a rear boss; 101. a through hole; 111. an inner step.

Detailed Description

The following describes embodiments of the present invention with reference to the drawings.

As shown in fig. 1 and 2, the hydraulic shearing device for underwater winding of a pump jet propeller of a ship in the embodiment comprises a ship body 1, wherein a sleeve 3 is installed at the tail part of the bottom surface of the ship body 1, the sleeve 3 is outwards suspended relative to the bottom surface of the ship body 1, a tail shaft 2 is axially installed through the sleeve 3, one end of the tail shaft 2 penetrates into the ship body 1 and is connected with a host, the other end of the tail shaft 2 extends out of the sleeve 3 and is sleeved with a pump jet guide vane 9 at the end part, and a propeller 12 is fixedly installed at the end of the tail shaft 2 extending to the rear side of the pump jet; a plurality of groups of front shearing mechanisms are uniformly distributed on the sleeve 3 positioned in front of the pump spray guide vane 9 along the circumferential direction, and a plurality of static shearing knives I8 which are in one-to-one correspondence with the front shearing mechanisms are fixedly arranged on the front side surface of the pump spray guide vane 9 along the circumferential direction; a plurality of static shearing knives II 11 are arranged in the interval between the pump spraying guide blade 9 and the propeller 12 along the circumferential direction, and a rear shearing mechanism corresponding to one of the static shearing knives II 11 is arranged on the bottom surface of the ship body 1; the front and the rear of the pump spray guide vane 9 are respectively provided with a front shearing mechanism and a rear shearing mechanism, when the propeller 12 is wound by the wound object 16, the front and the rear shearing mechanisms automatically act to respectively push the dynamic shearing knife I7 and the dynamic shearing knife II 13 to be matched with the corresponding static shearing knife I8 and the static shearing knife II 11, so that the wound object 16 is sheared.

The structure of the single-group front shearing mechanism is as follows: the hydraulic oil pump comprises a first hydraulic oil cylinder 4 fixedly arranged on the outer wall surface of a sleeve 3 along the axial direction, a pump spray guide vane 9 with the output end of the first hydraulic oil cylinder 4 facing the rear part, a connecting rod 6 hinged to the end part of the output end of the first hydraulic oil cylinder 4, a first dynamic shearing cutter 7 hinged to the end part of the connecting rod 6, and a first dynamic shearing cutter 7 hinged to the end part of the pump spray guide vane 9; under the drive of the hydraulic oil cylinder I4, the dynamic shearing knife I7 is pushed through the connecting rod 6, so that the dynamic shearing knife I7 rotates relative to the pump jet guide vane 9, the cutting edge of the dynamic shearing knife I7 is attached to the cutting edge of the corresponding static shearing knife I8, and the wound 16 at the corresponding position is cut off.

A front boss 91 extends forwards from the middle part of the front side surface of the pump spraying guide vane 9, and the rear end of the dynamic shearing knife I7 is hinged with the edge of the front boss 91; static shearing knives 8 are uniformly distributed on the front side face of the pump spraying guide vane 9 outside the front boss 91 along the circumferential direction, and the circumferential outside of the front boss 91 is jointly contained after the cutting edges of the static shearing knives 8 and the cutting edges of the dynamic shearing knives 7 are attached.

A plurality of blades are arranged on the pump spraying guide blade 9 along the circumferential direction, and the number of the static shearing knives I8 is consistent with that of the blades and corresponds to that of the blades one by one; the static shearing knives I8 are fixedly connected with the front side faces of the corresponding blades through keys or fasteners, and the static shearing knives I8 are arranged in a radial mode on the front sides of the pump spraying guide vanes 9.

As shown in fig. 5, a barrier net 17 is arranged between the first dynamic shearing knives 7 of the adjacent front shearing mechanisms; when the dynamic shearing knife I7 is pushed out and is matched with the static shearing knife I8, the plurality of blocking nets 17 are opened, the umbrella cloth is opened like umbrella ribs of an umbrella, the blocking nets 17 cover the front side surfaces of the pump spraying guide vanes 9, so that more entanglement 16 is reduced or even avoided entering from the suction ports of the pump spraying guide vanes 9, water flow can still flow in from meshes of the blocking nets 17, and the ship can still be maintained to sail at a slightly low speed to pass through a risk area easy to entangle; when the first dynamic shearing knife 7 is far away from the first static shearing knife 8, the arresting net 17 is retracted; the edge of the arresting net 17 is connected with the knife ridge of the first dynamic shearing knife 7, and the arresting net 17 is made of elastic materials.

The structure of the rear shearing mechanism is as follows: the device comprises a second hydraulic oil cylinder 14 fixedly arranged at the bottom of a ship body 1, wherein the output end of the second hydraulic oil cylinder 14 faces downwards, a second dynamic shearing cutter 13 is arranged at the end head of the second hydraulic oil cylinder, and a cutting edge is arranged at the bottom of the second dynamic shearing cutter 13; and the second hydraulic oil cylinder 14 pushes the second dynamic shearing cutter 13 to move downwards, so that the cutting edge of the second dynamic shearing cutter 13 is attached to the cutting edge of the corresponding second static shearing cutter 11, and the wound object 16 at the corresponding position is cut off.

Preceding, back shear mechanism are driven by hydraulic cylinder, and the shearing force is big to it is provided with the preceding shear mechanism of multiunit to spout the circumference in stator 9 the place ahead at the pump, and the circumference at rear is provided with a plurality of quiet shearing sword two 11, and greatly helping hand is in the promotion of shearing efficiency, is particularly useful for the rapid processing of thick, tough material winding such as steel cable, high-strength nylon hawser, and the practicality is strong.

The cutting edge of the second dynamic shearing knife 13 is of an outer convex arc structure, the cutting edge of the second static shearing knife 11 is of an inner concave arc structure, and the cutting edge of the second dynamic shearing knife 13 is assembled with the cutting edge of the second static shearing knife 11.

A rear boss 92 extends backwards from the middle part of the rear side surface of the pump spray guide vane 9, and a single static shear knife II 11 is fixedly arranged on the circumferential surface of the rear boss 92 along the axial direction; the joint of the second static shearing cutter 11 and the rear boss 92 is provided with a pressure sensor 15, and the pressure sensor 15 is electrically connected with the control system of the ship body 1.

In the process that the propeller 12 rotates along with the tail shaft 2, the winding 16 is slowly wound on the second static shearing knives 11 in the circumferential direction of the pump jet guide vanes 9, in the process that the winding 16 orbits, part of the winding can be cut off by the corresponding second static shearing knives 11, along with the continuous winding and the tightening of the winding 16, the extrusion force borne by the second static shearing knives 11 is continuously increased, when the force transmitted to the pressure sensor 15 by the second static shearing knives 11 reaches a preset value, the pressure sensor 15 sends a signal to a control system of the ship body 1, and the control system controls the front shearing mechanism and the rear shearing mechanism to act to shear the winding 16.

As shown in fig. 3, the edge of the rear end face of the second static shearing knife 11 extends backwards to form an inner step 111 on the inner wall surface, the extending edge of the second static shearing knife 11 contains the front end of the rear propeller 12, and the inner step 111 is matched with the front end of the propeller 12, so that the gap between the pump jet guide vane 9 and the propeller 12 is shielded, and the phenomenon that the wound 16 enters the gap and cannot be cut is effectively avoided.

The pump spraying guide pipe 10 is installed on the outer circumferential surface of the pump spraying guide vane 9, the pump spraying guide pipe 10 is fixedly connected with the pump spraying guide vane 9 into a whole, the pump spraying guide pipe 10 extends backwards and contains the propeller 12 inside, a through hole 101 corresponding to the rear shearing mechanism is formed in the pump spraying guide pipe 10, the through hole 101 is matched with the dynamic shearing knife II 13, when the rear shearing mechanism does not work, the dynamic shearing knife II 13 is accommodated in the through hole 101 and blocks the through hole, and the interference of the existence of the through hole 101 to the flow field in the pump spraying guide pipe 10 is avoided; the top of the pump spray conduit 10 is fixedly arranged with the hull 1 through a hanging bracket 18; a tail shaft bracket 5 is arranged between the hanging end of the sleeve 3 and the bottom surface of the ship body 1; the tail shaft bracket 5 is used for supporting the hanging end of the sleeve 3, the hanging bracket 18 is used for supporting the pump spraying guide pipe 10, and the installation and relative positions of the sleeve 3, the pump spraying guide pipe 10 and the ship body 1 are ensured by the tail shaft bracket 5 and the hanging bracket 18, so that the stability and reliability of the whole device are ensured.

The working principle of the invention is as follows:

as shown in fig. 4, when the pump jet propeller is wound, the front end of the winding 16 enters the pump jet duct 10 from the suction port of the pump jet guide vane 9 and is wound on the cutting edge of the static shear knife two 11 under the rotation action of the propeller 12, and the tail end of the winding 16 is hung on the static shear knife one 8 in front of the pump jet guide vane 9;

in the winding process of the winding 16, part of the winding is cut off by the cutting edges of the corresponding static shearing knives II 11 and the static shearing knives I8, the extrusion force applied to the static shearing knives II 11 is continuously increased along with the continuous winding and the tightening of the winding 16, and when the force transmitted to the pressure sensor 15 by the static shearing knives II 11 reaches a preset value, the pressure sensor 15 sends a signal to a control system of the ship body 1, and the control system controls the front and rear shearing mechanisms to act;

the first hydraulic oil cylinder 4 acts to push the first dynamic shearing cutter 7 forwards through the connecting rod 6, the first dynamic shearing cutter 7 rotates outwards with the hinged point of the first dynamic shearing cutter 7 and the pump spray guide vane 9 as the center of a circle, so that the cutting edge of the first dynamic shearing cutter 7 is attached to the cutting edge of the first static shearing cutter 8, the wound object 16 at the corresponding position is sheared, and the part, which is not sucked by the wound object 16, of the wound object is separated from the pump spray guide pipe 10 and the pump spray guide vane 9; meanwhile, the arresting net 17 is driven by the first shearing knife 7 to be opened so as to cover the front side surface of the pump spraying guide vane 9, so that more entanglement 16 is reduced or even avoided entering from a suction inlet of the pump spraying guide vane 9, but water flow can still flow in from meshes of the arresting net 17, and the ship sails at a slightly low speed and drives out of an easily-entangled area;

the second hydraulic oil cylinder 14 acts to push the second dynamic shearing cutter 13 downwards, so that the second dynamic shearing cutter 13 penetrates downwards into the pump spray conduit 10 and is attached to the cutting edge of the corresponding second static shearing cutter 11, the wound materials 16 at the corresponding position in the pump spray conduit 10 are sheared, and the sheared wound materials 16 are discharged out of the pump spray conduit 10 under the scouring of the internal flow field and the whipping of the propeller 12;

the first hydraulic oil cylinder 4 and the second hydraulic oil cylinder 14 repeatedly move until the preset movement time is reached, the first hydraulic oil cylinder 4 and the second hydraulic oil cylinder 14 respectively drive the first dynamic shearing cutter 7 and the second dynamic shearing cutter 13 to reset, and the movement is stopped.

As shown in fig. 6, in order to apply the rear shearing mechanism of the present invention to the existing propeller-propelled ship, the second static shearing blade 11 is mounted at the end of the casing 3.

The hydraulic shearing device has large shearing force and high shearing efficiency, can automatically start cutting when winding occurs, and greatly ensures the smooth operation of a ship.

The above description is intended to be illustrative and not restrictive, and the scope of the invention is defined by the appended claims, which may be modified in any manner within the scope of the invention.