阅读说明：本技术 一种耐磨损的日用陶瓷制品及其制备方法 (Wear-resistant household ceramic product and preparation method thereof ) 是由 李桂贤 刁龙海 于 2020-05-20 设计创作，主要内容包括：本发明公开了一种耐磨损的日用陶瓷制品及其制备方法,所述耐磨损的日用陶瓷制品包括日用陶瓷坯体和釉面层,所述釉面层由包括以下重量份的原料制成：钠长石粉20～28份、钙长石粉15～20份、烧滑石粉10～14份、硅硼铝钙石粉6～8份、石英粉35～42份、煅烧高岭土12～15份、硅酸钠3～4份、碳化硅2～5份、氮化硅2～4份、短切玄武岩纤维7～9份、硅灰石晶须4～5.5份、氧化钛4～5份；其中,碳化硅和氮化硅的重量份之和为4～7份。本发明的耐磨损的日用陶瓷制品通过精选原料组成,并优化各原料含量,制得的耐磨损的日用陶瓷制品的釉面平整、光滑、且细腻,具有光润的质感,品质好；耐磨性能优异；硬度高；光泽度高,外观光亮精美。(The invention discloses a wear-resistant domestic ceramic product and a preparation method thereof, wherein the wear-resistant domestic ceramic product comprises a domestic ceramic blank and a glaze layer, and the glaze layer is prepared from the following raw materials in parts by weight: 20-28 parts of feldspar powder, 15-20 parts of feldspar powder, 10-14 parts of calcined talcum powder, 6-8 parts of borosillimanite powder, 35-42 parts of quartz powder, 12-15 parts of calcined kaolin, 3-4 parts of sodium silicate, 2-5 parts of silicon carbide, 2-4 parts of silicon nitride, 7-9 parts of chopped basalt fiber, 4-5.5 parts of wollastonite whisker and 4-5 parts of titanium oxide; wherein the sum of the parts by weight of the silicon carbide and the silicon nitride is 4-7 parts. The wear-resistant domestic ceramic product is prepared by selecting raw materials and optimizing the content of each raw material, and the prepared wear-resistant domestic ceramic product has the advantages of flat, smooth and exquisite glaze surface, smooth texture and good quality; the wear resistance is excellent; the hardness is high; high glossiness and bright and exquisite appearance.)

1. The wear-resistant daily ceramic product is characterized by comprising a daily ceramic blank and a glaze layer, wherein the glaze layer is prepared from the following raw materials in parts by weight:

20-28 parts of feldspar powder, 15-20 parts of feldspar powder, 10-14 parts of calcined talcum powder, 6-8 parts of borosillimanite powder, 35-42 parts of quartz powder, 12-15 parts of calcined kaolin, 3-4 parts of sodium silicate, 2-5 parts of silicon carbide, 2-4 parts of silicon nitride, 7-9 parts of chopped basalt fiber, 4-5.5 parts of wollastonite whisker and 4-5 parts of titanium oxide;

wherein the sum of the parts by weight of the silicon carbide and the silicon nitride is 4-7 parts.

2. The wear-resistant domestic ceramic article according to claim 1, wherein the glazed layer is made from raw materials comprising, in parts by weight:

24 parts of albite powder, 17.5 parts of anorthite powder, 12 parts of calcined talcum powder, 7 parts of silicoaluminophosphate powder, 38 parts of quartz powder, 14 parts of calcined kaolin, 3.6 parts of sodium silicate, 2.5 parts of silicon carbide, 3.3 parts of silicon nitride, 8 parts of chopped basalt fiber, 4.8 parts of wollastonite whisker and 4.5 parts of titanium oxide.

3. The wear-resistant commodity ceramic article of any one of claims 1 or 2, wherein the glaze layer further comprises the following raw materials in parts by weight: 3-3.5 parts of rare earth oxide.

4. The wear-resistant commodity ceramic article of claim 3, wherein the rare earth oxide is a mixture of yttrium oxide and lanthanum oxide.

5. The wear-resistant domestic ceramic article according to claim 4, wherein the mass ratio between yttrium oxide and lanthanum oxide is 1: (0.4-0.48).

6. The wear-resistant domestic ceramic article according to claim 5, wherein the glaze layer further comprises the following raw materials in parts by weight: 3-4 parts of high-boron frit.

7. The wear-resistant commodity ceramic product of claim 6, wherein the high-boron frit has a boron content of 11.5-14.5% and a lead content of less than 0.01%.

8. The wear-resistant domestic ceramic product according to claim 6, wherein the particle sizes of the albite powder, the anorthite powder, the calcined talcum powder, the silico-boron-aluminum-calcium stone powder and the quartz powder are 4000-5000 meshes.

9. The wear-resistant domestic ceramic article according to claim 6, wherein the calcined kaolin has a particle size of 5000 to 6000 mesh.

10. A method for preparing a wear-resistant domestic ceramic article according to any of claims 6 to 9, comprising the following steps:

A. preparing a domestic ceramic blank;

B. weighing the following components in parts by weight: the ceramic material is prepared from the following raw materials, by weight, wherein the raw materials comprise albite powder, anorthite powder, calcined talcum powder, silicoboroaluminocalcite powder, quartz powder, calcined kaolin, sodium silicate, silicon carbide, silicon nitride, chopped basalt fiber, wollastonite whisker, titanium oxide, rare earth oxide and high-boron frit for later use;

C. putting the albite powder, the anorthite powder, the calcined talcum powder, the silico boron aluminum calcium stone powder, the quartz powder, the calcined kaolin, the sodium silicate, the silicon carbide, the silicon nitride, the chopped basalt fiber, the wollastonite whisker, the titanium oxide, the rare earth oxide and the high boron frit into a high-fine ball mill for grinding and mixing, and adding water to adjust the solid content to be 60-64% to obtain a glaze;

D. glazing the glaze obtained in the step C to the surface of the daily ceramic blank in the step A, and airing to obtain a glazed daily ceramic blank;

gradually heating the glazed domestic ceramic blank to 650-700 ℃, and firing for 1.5-2 h; then heating to 1150-1180 ℃, continuing to fire for 3-4 hours; finally, cooling to 580-600 ℃, and preserving heat for 1.5-2 h; and then cooling along with the furnace to obtain the wear-resistant domestic ceramic product.

Technical Field

The invention relates to the field of ceramic products, in particular to a wear-resistant household ceramic product and a preparation method thereof.

Background

The ceramic product is one of the most common appliances in daily life of people, the development history of the ceramic is an important component of the Chinese civilization history, wherein the invention and the development of the ceramic have unique significance, along with the development of modern science and technology, a plurality of new ceramic varieties appear in recent centuries, the ceramic varieties do not use or rarely use traditional ceramic raw materials such as clay, feldspar, quartz and the like, but use other special raw materials, even expand the range of non-silicate and non-oxide, and a plurality of new processes appear, so that the ceramic has various special functions.

The daily-use ceramic is produced due to the demand of people for daily life, and is the most familiar porcelain in daily life, such as tableware, tea sets, coffee sets, wine sets, rice sets and the like.

However, the currently used ceramic products for daily use have the following problems:

1. the glaze surface has poor wear resistance, and the problems of surface scratching, unattractive appearance, easy contamination, difficult cleaning after contamination and the like are easily caused in the using process;

2. the glaze surface has poor flatness, is not smooth enough, is not fine and smooth enough, and even has the defects of glaze bubbles (bubbles) and the like;

3. the combination properties of glossiness, hardness, appearance, strength and the like are poor.

Disclosure of Invention

Based on the above situation, the present invention aims to provide a wear-resistant domestic ceramic product and a preparation method thereof, which can effectively solve the above problems.

In order to solve the technical problems, the technical scheme provided by the invention is as follows:

the wear-resistant daily ceramic product comprises a daily ceramic blank and a glaze layer, wherein the glaze layer is prepared from the following raw materials in parts by weight:

20-28 parts of feldspar powder, 15-20 parts of feldspar powder, 10-14 parts of calcined talcum powder, 6-8 parts of borosillimanite powder, 35-42 parts of quartz powder, 12-15 parts of calcined kaolin, 3-4 parts of sodium silicate, 2-5 parts of silicon carbide, 2-4 parts of silicon nitride, 7-9 parts of chopped basalt fiber, 4-5.5 parts of wollastonite whisker and 4-5 parts of titanium oxide;

wherein the sum of the parts by weight of the silicon carbide and the silicon nitride is 4-7 parts.

Preferably, the glaze layer is prepared from the following raw materials in parts by weight:

24 parts of albite powder, 17.5 parts of anorthite powder, 12 parts of calcined talcum powder, 7 parts of silicoaluminophosphate powder, 38 parts of quartz powder, 14 parts of calcined kaolin, 3.6 parts of sodium silicate, 2.5 parts of silicon carbide, 3.3 parts of silicon nitride, 8 parts of chopped basalt fiber, 4.8 parts of wollastonite whisker and 4.5 parts of titanium oxide.

Preferably, the glaze layer further comprises the following raw materials in parts by weight: 3-3.5 parts of rare earth oxide.

Preferably, the rare earth oxide is a mixture of yttrium oxide and lanthanum oxide.

Preferably, the mass ratio of the yttrium oxide to the lanthanum oxide is 1: (0.4-0.48).

Preferably, the glaze layer further comprises the following raw materials in parts by weight: 3-4 parts of high-boron frit.

Preferably, the boron content of the high-boron frit is 11.5-14.5%, and the lead content is less than 0.01%.

Preferably, the particle sizes of the albite powder, the anorthite powder, the calcined talcum powder, the silico-boron-aluminum-calcium stone powder and the quartz powder are 4000-5000 meshes.

Preferably, the particle size of the calcined kaolin is 5000-6000 meshes.

The invention also provides a preparation method of the wear-resistant domestic ceramic product, which comprises the following steps:

A. preparing a domestic ceramic blank;

B. weighing the following components in parts by weight: the ceramic material is prepared from the following raw materials, by weight, wherein the raw materials comprise albite powder, anorthite powder, calcined talcum powder, silicoboroaluminocalcite powder, quartz powder, calcined kaolin, sodium silicate, silicon carbide, silicon nitride, chopped basalt fiber, wollastonite whisker, titanium oxide, rare earth oxide and high-boron frit for later use;

C. putting the albite powder, the anorthite powder, the calcined talcum powder, the silico boron aluminum calcium stone powder, the quartz powder, the calcined kaolin, the sodium silicate, the silicon carbide, the silicon nitride, the chopped basalt fiber, the wollastonite whisker, the titanium oxide, the rare earth oxide and the high boron frit into a high-fine ball mill for grinding and mixing, and adding water to adjust the solid content to be 60-64% to obtain a glaze;

D. glazing the glaze obtained in the step C to the surface of the daily ceramic blank in the step A, and airing to obtain a glazed daily ceramic blank;

E. gradually heating the glazed domestic ceramic blank to 650-700 ℃, and firing for 1.5-2 h; then heating to 1150-1180 ℃, continuing to fire for 3-4 hours; finally, cooling to 580-600 ℃, and preserving heat for 1.5-2 h; and then cooling along with the furnace to obtain the wear-resistant domestic ceramic product.

Compared with the prior art, the invention has the following advantages and beneficial effects:

the wear-resistant domestic ceramic product is prepared by selecting raw materials, optimizing the content of each raw material and selecting the albite powder, the calcined talcum powder, the silico-boron-aluminum-calcium stone powder, the quartz powder, the calcined kaolin, the sodium silicate, the silicon carbide, the silicon nitride, the chopped basalt fiber, the wollastonite whisker, the titanium oxide, the rare earth oxide, the high-boron frit and the like in proper proportion, so that the advantages of the materials are fully exerted, the materials are mutually supplemented and promoted, the quality stability of the product is improved, and the glaze surface of the prepared wear-resistant domestic ceramic product is flat, smooth and fine, has smooth texture and good quality; the wear resistance is excellent; the hardness is high; high glossiness and bright and exquisite appearance. In addition, the composite material has high breaking strength, good mechanical property, low density, light weight and good comprehensive performance.

The abrasion-resistant domestic ceramic product is added with the albite powder, the anorthite powder, the calcined talcum powder, the silico-boron-aluminum-calcium stone powder, the quartz powder, the calcined kaolin and the sodium silicate in proper proportion, the matched materials are mutually complemented, the sintered structure is compact and fine, and the defects of air holes, salient points and the like are few, so that the integral compact and fine glaze surface of the abrasion-resistant domestic ceramic product is ensured, and the comprehensive performances of the product (the abrasion-resistant domestic ceramic product) such as abrasion resistance, hardness, glossiness and the like are good.

The addition of proper proportion of silicon carbide, silicon nitride and chopped basalt fiber in the wear-resistant domestic ceramic product of the invention is mutually matched to play a good synergistic effect, wherein the silicon carbide and the silicon nitride mainly play a role in increasing the wear resistance of the product and improving the hardness of the product, so that the wear resistance and the hardness of the product can be greatly improved, but the silicon carbide and the silicon nitride have good heat conductivity, and the addition of excessive silicon carbide and silicon nitride can easily cause the product to scald users when containing high-temperature food and the like, and the inventor of the invention discovers through a large number of experiments that: the addition of the chopped basalt fibers can not only be mutually matched with silicon carbide and silicon nitride to play a good synergistic effect, greatly improve the wear resistance and hardness of the product, but also reduce the silicon carbide and the silicon nitride and reduce the heat conductivity coefficient of the product.

The addition of wollastonite whiskers in a proper proportion in the wear-resistant domestic ceramic product can reduce the coefficient of thermal expansion of the product and improve the high-temperature resistance of the product.

The addition of titanium oxide in a proper proportion in the wear-resistant domestic ceramic product further improves the surface glossiness of the wear-resistant domestic ceramic product, and has a certain sterilization effect.

The glaze layer of the wear-resistant domestic ceramic product also comprises rare earth oxide, and the rare earth oxide is preferably a mixture of yttrium oxide and lanthanum oxide. After the rare earth oxide is added, the rare earth oxide is matched with other components in the raw material system, so that a good synergistic effect is achieved, the integral compactness and fineness of the glaze surface of the wear-resistant daily ceramic product are further improved, and the wear resistance, hardness and the like of the product (the wear-resistant daily ceramic product) are further improved.

In addition, the daily ceramic blank in the wear-resistant daily ceramic product can be a daily ceramic blank commonly used in the field, such as a bisque-fired daily ceramic blank, and can also be a non-bisque-fired (drained) daily ceramic blank.

The preparation method has simple process and simple and convenient operation, and saves manpower and equipment cost.

Detailed Description

In order that those skilled in the art will better understand the technical solutions of the present invention, the following description of the preferred embodiments of the present invention is provided in connection with specific examples, which should not be construed as limiting the present patent.

The test methods or test methods described in the following examples are conventional methods unless otherwise specified; the reagents and materials, unless otherwise indicated, are conventionally obtained commercially or prepared by conventional methods.