阅读说明：本技术 生活污泥制衍生燃料高温热解气化的方法 (Method for preparing derived fuel from domestic sludge through high-temperature pyrolysis and gasification ) 是由 龙朝锋 郑郧 于 2020-05-19 设计创作，主要内容包括：本申请公开了生活污泥制衍生燃料高温热解气化的方法,包括如下步骤,衍生燃料制备步骤：将生活污泥、生物质燃料、添加剂按比例加入搅拌混合后制备成衍生燃料；热解衍生燃料制取生物燃气的步骤：将衍生燃料置于高温热解气化炉中裂解,在热解气化炉中获得的混合生物燃气,经过除油、除尘、冷却及脱硫除氯后获得洁净气体燃料及再生建材固体颗粒。本发明具有如下有益效果：将生活污泥与生物质燃料制成衍生燃料,然后再将衍生燃料裂解成混合生物气体燃料与固体颗粒,混合生物气体燃料可用于热电联产、工业和民用气体燃料使用,固体颗粒可以用作建材制备原料,达到了资源再生、彻底处理垃圾的目的。生态效益、环境效益、社会效益、经济效益俱佳。(The application discloses a method for preparing derivative fuel from domestic sludge through high-temperature pyrolysis gasification, which comprises the following steps: adding the domestic sludge, the biomass fuel and the additive in proportion, stirring and mixing to prepare a derivative fuel; preparing biogas by pyrolyzing derivative fuel: the derived fuel is put into a high-temperature pyrolysis gasification furnace for cracking, and the mixed biogas obtained in the pyrolysis gasification furnace is subjected to oil removal, dust removal, cooling, desulfurization and dechlorination to obtain the clean gas fuel and the regenerated building material solid particles. The invention has the following beneficial effects: domestic sludge and biomass fuel are made into derived fuel, and then the derived fuel is cracked into mixed biogas fuel and solid particles, the mixed biogas fuel can be used for cogeneration, industrial and civil gas fuel, and the solid particles can be used as building material preparation raw materials, so that the aims of resource regeneration and thorough garbage treatment are achieved. The ecological benefit, the environmental benefit, the social benefit and the economic benefit are all good.)

1. A method for preparing derived fuel from domestic sludge through high-temperature pyrolysis gasification is characterized by comprising the following steps,

preparing a derivative fuel: uniformly stirring and mixing the domestic sludge, the biomass fuel and the additive to prepare a derivative fuel;

cracking the derived fuel: the derived fuel is placed in a high-temperature pyrolysis gasification furnace, high-temperature pyrolysis is carried out in an oxygen-free and oxygen-deficient environment, and the mixed biogas obtained in the high-temperature pyrolysis gasification furnace is subjected to oil removal, dust removal, cooling, desulfurization and dechlorination to obtain clean mixed gas fuel and regenerated building material solid particles.

2. The method for high-temperature pyrolysis gasification of the derived fuel from domestic sludge according to claim 1, wherein the derived fuel is decomposed into the upper-stage fuel gas and the lower-stage fuel gas in the high-temperature pyrolysis gasification furnace, the temperature range of the upper-stage fuel gas is 80 ℃ to 120 ℃, and the temperature range of the lower-stage fuel gas is 450 ℃ to 550 ℃.

3. The method for high-temperature pyrolysis and gasification of the derived fuel from domestic sludge according to claim 2, wherein the upper section of the fuel gas is subjected to oil removal treatment by a first-stage high-efficiency oil remover and then enters the high-efficiency dust removal cooler, and the lower section of the fuel gas is subjected to dust removal treatment by a first-stage high-efficiency high-temperature dust remover and a second-stage high-efficiency dust remover and then enters the high-efficiency dust removal cooler.

4. The method for high-temperature pyrolysis gasification of the derived fuel from domestic sludge according to claim 3, wherein the upper stage fuel gas and the lower stage fuel gas are mixed in the intercooler and then enter the second stage high-efficiency oil remover for oil removal treatment, and the mixture leaves the second stage high-efficiency oil remover and then enters the desulfurization and dechlorination system for desulfurization and dechlorination treatment.

5. The method for high-temperature pyrolysis gasification of the derived fuel from domestic sludge according to claim 4, wherein the gas leaves the secondary high-efficiency degreaser, is treated by a booster fan, and enters the desulfurization and dechlorination system for desulfurization and dechlorination.

6. The method for high-temperature pyrolysis gasification of the derived fuel from domestic sludge according to claim 1, wherein the water content of the domestic sludge in the process of preparing the derived fuel is 10-15%.

7. The method for preparing the derivative fuel from the domestic sludge through high-temperature pyrolysis gasification according to claim 1, wherein the additive comprises calcium oxide, coal powder, sodium carbonate and calcium carbonate, and the domestic sludge is mixed with the additive to prepare the derivative fuel.

8. The method for preparing the derived fuel from the domestic sludge through high-temperature pyrolysis and gasification according to claim 7, wherein the addition amount of the calcium oxide, the coal powder, the sodium carbonate and the calcium carbonate is 5-10 kg of the calcium oxide, 8-15 kg of the coal powder, 5-8 kg of the sodium carbonate and 5-10 kg of the calcium carbonate per 100kg of the domestic sludge.

9. The method for high-temperature pyrolysis and gasification of the domestic sludge derived fuel according to claim 1, wherein the mass ratio of the domestic sludge to the biomass fuel is 1: 1 or 1: 1.5.

Technical Field

The invention relates to the field of sludge treatment, in particular to a method for preparing derivative fuel from domestic sludge through high-temperature pyrolysis and gasification.

Background

According to the data of Chinese environmental statistics yearbook, the emission of industrial sewage in 2010-2017 in China is basically maintained at about 200 hundred million tons per year, and the emission of domestic sewage in cities and towns is increased from 354 hundred million tons to about 600 hundred million tons. Generally, a sewage treatment plant can treat 1 thousand tons of domestic sewage to generate 5 to 8 tons of sludge with the water content of 80 percent, and treat 1 thousand tons of industrial sewage to generate 10 to 30 tons of sludge. Reckoning according to the unit output of 6.5 tons and 20 tons respectively, the sludge production in China is increased from 5427 ten thousand tons to 7436 ten thousand tons in 2017, and the annual growth rate is 4.6%.

Huge amounts of domestic sludge have put great pressure on the ecological environment, and the situation of sludge enclosure appears once. The existing methods for treating domestic sludge are a landfill method, a composting method, a drying method and an incineration method, but the four treatment methods have the problems of low treatment process level, easy serious secondary environmental pollution, large resource waste, large occupied area, high construction cost and high operation cost, and cannot realize the comprehensive utilization target of harmless, reduction, recycling, low-carbon and energy resources in garbage treatment.

Disclosure of Invention

The invention provides a method for preparing derived fuel from domestic sludge through high-temperature pyrolysis and gasification, aiming at the problems.

The technical scheme adopted by the invention is as follows:

a method for preparing derived fuel from domestic sludge by high-temperature pyrolysis gasification comprises the following steps,

preparing a derivative fuel: stirring and mixing the domestic sludge, the biomass fuel and the additive to prepare a derivative fuel;

cracking the derived fuel: and (3) cracking the derived fuel in a high-temperature pyrolysis gasification furnace, and removing oil, dust, cooling, desulfurizing and dechlorinating the fuel gas obtained in the high-temperature pyrolysis gasification furnace to obtain mixed gas fuel and regenerated building material solid particles.

According to the scheme, the domestic sludge and the biomass Fuel are made into the Derived Fuel (RDF), then the Derived Fuel is cracked into the gas Fuel and the regenerated building material solid particles, the gas Fuel is purified and then directly used for cogeneration, industrial and civil gas supply, and the solid particles can be used as building material preparation raw materials, so that the purposes of resource regeneration and thorough treatment of domestic garbage are achieved. The ecological benefit, the environmental benefit, the social benefit and the economic benefit are all good.

Optionally, the derived fuel is decomposed into upper-stage fuel gas and lower-stage fuel gas in a pyrolysis gasification furnace, wherein the temperature range of the upper-stage fuel gas is 80-120 ℃, and the temperature range of the lower-stage fuel gas is 450-550 ℃.

Optionally, the upper section of fuel gas enters the high-efficiency dust removal cooler after being subjected to oil removal treatment by the first-stage high-efficiency oil remover, and the lower section of fuel gas enters the high-efficiency dust removal cooler after being subjected to dust removal treatment by the first-stage high-efficiency dust remover and the second-stage high-efficiency dust remover.

The oil remover in the scheme is an electric tar precipitator, and the oil to be removed is tar. Because the upper section gas temperature is relatively low and contains more tar, the first-stage oil remover is utilized for removing tar, and the lower section gas contains more dust particles, so that the first-stage dust remover and the second-stage dust remover are arranged for removing dust, meanwhile, the temperature is also reduced in the dust removing process, and the upper section gas and the lower section gas are finally mixed in the dust removing cooler for removing dust and reducing the temperature.

Optionally, the upper section fuel gas and the lower section fuel gas are mixed in the intercooler and then enter the second-stage high-efficiency oil remover for oil removal treatment, and the mixture leaves the second-stage oil remover and then enters the desulfurization and dechlorination system for desulfurization and dechlorination treatment through pressurization of the booster fan.

The specific secondary oil remover is also an electric tar-catching device, tar is removed by using the electric tar-catching device, the tar is pressurized by a booster fan after being removed, and then enters a desulfurization and dechlorination system for desulfurization and dechlorination, and clean fuel gas is obtained after the desulfurization and dechlorination operation is finished, wherein the obtained fuel gas is a mixture of hydrogen, carbon monoxide and alkane gas.

Optionally, the water content of the domestic sludge in the preparation process of the derived fuel is 10-15%.

Optionally, the domestic sludge is mixed with additives to prepare the derived fuel, wherein the additives comprise calcium oxide, coal powder, sodium carbonate and calcium carbonate.

Optionally, the addition amount of the modification additive (calcium oxide, coal powder, sodium carbonate and calcium carbonate) is 5-10 kg of calcium oxide, 8-15 kg of coal powder, 5-8 kg of sodium carbonate and 5-10 kg of calcium carbonate per 100kg of domestic sludge.

The additive is added to achieve the effects of dioxin removal, sulfur fixation, chlorine fixation, nitrogen oxide removal, catalysis, combustion supporting, fuel value improvement, corrosion prevention, adhesion, filling, moisture prevention and the like.

Optionally, the mass ratio of the domestic sludge to the biomass fuel is 1: 1 or 1: 1.5.

The invention has the beneficial effects that: the domestic sludge and the biomass fuel are made into derived fuel, and then the derived fuel is cracked into gas fuel and regenerated building material solid particles, and the gas fuel can be used for cogeneration, industrial and civil gas fuel. The solid particles can be used as building material preparation raw materials or concrete additives, and the aims of resource regeneration and thorough garbage treatment are fulfilled. The environmental benefit, the social benefit, the resource benefit and the economic benefit are all good.

The specific implementation mode is as follows:

the present invention will be described in detail with reference to examples.