阅读说明：本技术 一种煤炭多相催化气化反应器 (Coal heterogeneous catalytic gasification reactor ) 是由 李小江 于 2020-04-10 设计创作，主要内容包括：本发明公开了一种煤炭多相催化气化反应器,包括进料系统、气体系统、加热系统、固气反应器、气气反应器。进料系统由气流吹送携带原理把固体反应物或催化剂实时送入固气反应器的相应隔间,可以通过调节气流量和吹送器推进速度来控制进料流量,吹送气体根据试验目的和固体密度选用不同的类别；气体系统包括主气路、次气路和吹送气路,可根据实验目的确定的气体类别从不同气路送入；固气反应器和气气反应器可以根据需要分别以不同的温度加热,加热系统采用二段立管式电加热炉,有足够的加热空间和恒温带用以分别加热固-气和气-气反应器,可加热到试验温度并恒温控制。本发明可以用于在线生成固体和气体产物。(The invention discloses a coal heterogeneous catalytic gasification reactor, which comprises a feeding system, a gas system, a heating system, a solid gas reactor and a gas reactor. The feeding system sends solid reactants or catalysts into corresponding compartments of the solid-gas reactor in real time by an air flow blowing carrying principle, the feeding flow can be controlled by adjusting the air flow and the propelling speed of a blower, and the blowing gas selects different categories according to the test purpose and the solid density; the gas system comprises a main gas path, a secondary gas path and a blowing gas path, and can be fed from different gas paths according to the gas types determined by the experimental purpose; the solid gas reactor and the gas reactor can be heated at different temperatures respectively according to requirements, the heating system adopts a two-section vertical tube type electric heating furnace, enough heating space and a constant temperature zone are provided for heating the solid-gas reactor and the gas-gas reactor respectively, and the solid-gas reactor and the gas-gas reactor can be heated to the test temperature and controlled at constant temperature. The invention can be used for the on-line generation of solid and gaseous products.)

1. A coal heterogeneous catalytic gasification reactor is characterized by comprising a solid-gas reactor (1) and a gas-gas reactor (2), wherein the bottom of the solid-gas reactor (1) is connected with a main gas inlet pipe (1-1), the top of the solid-gas reactor (1) is connected with the bottom of the gas-gas reactor (2) through a connecting pipe (2-3), and the top of the gas-gas reactor (2) is connected with a gas outlet pipe (2-2); the solid gas reactor is characterized in that a partition plate (1-3) is installed inside the solid gas reactor (1) and the gas reactor (2), the partition plate (1-3) separates the inside of the solid gas reactor (1) and the gas reactor (2) into a plurality of compartments from bottom to top, the side wall of the solid gas reactor (1) is connected with a plurality of feeding pipes (1-2), and the side wall of the gas reactor (2) is connected with a plurality of secondary gas inlet pipes (2-1).

2. The coal heterogeneous catalytic gasification reactor according to claim 1, wherein the feed pipes (1-2) are respectively communicated with different compartments in the solid gas reactor (1), and the secondary gas inlet pipes (2-1) are respectively communicated with different compartments in the gas reactor (2).

3. The coal heterogeneous catalytic gasification reactor according to claim 1, further comprising a feeding system, wherein the feeding system comprises a stepping motor (21), a pneumatic powder conveying sleeve and a solid material sample containing pipe (26), the pneumatic powder conveying sleeve comprises an inner pipe (24) and an outer pipe (25), the outer pipe (25) is sleeved outside the inner pipe (24), the outer pipe (25) is communicated with the power gas inlet (22), the inner pipe (24) is communicated with the powder outlet (23), and the pneumatic powder conveying sleeve is communicated to the inside of the sample containing pipe (26).

4. The coal heterogeneous catalytic gasification reactor according to claim 1, further comprising a gas system, wherein a mass flow meter is used for controlling the gas flow, and the gas variety is selected according to the coal powder density and the experimental requirements; the coal dust is used as feeding power gas, nitrogen, air, oxygen, argon and carbon dioxide gas or mixed gas of the gases in any proportion is selected when the density of the coal dust is less than 1, and one gas of the argon and the carbon dioxide gas or the mixed gas in any proportion is selected when the density of the coal dust is not less than 1; carbon dioxide, water vapor, air or oxygen is used as gasification or combustion reaction gas; the same gas as the reaction gas is used as the fluidizing gas, and an inert gas is selected in the pyrolysis reaction.

5. The coal heterogeneous catalytic gasification reactor of claim 1 further comprising a heating system, wherein the heating system comprises a vertical tubular electric heating furnace with a sectional arrangement, the electric heating furnace is at least composed of two independent sections which are closely arranged up and down, and each heating furnace body can be opened and closed laterally.

6. Coal heterogeneous catalytic gasification reactor according to claim 1, characterized in that the apertures of the partitions (1-3) are such that the gas flow is sufficient and the solid material and its reaction products are not.

7. The coal heterogeneous catalytic gasification reactor according to claim 1, wherein the solid gas reactor (1) and the gas reactor (2) are made of quartz glass and high temperature resistant ceramic materials.

Technical Field

The invention relates to the technical field of scientific research of coal catalysis, pyrolysis, gasification and combustion engineering, in particular to a coal pyrolysis gasification poly-generation process.

Background

Coal is the basis of Chinese energy supply, but because harmful gas, solid waste residue and waste water which affect the environment are easily generated in the energy utilization process, the coal cannot be efficiently and cleanly utilized, and therefore, the research on the efficient clean conversion technology is the fundamental research direction of energy in China. The pyrolysis, gasification and combustion of coal are basic utilization forms, the catalytic process enables the processes to be cleaner and more efficient, in order to rapidly, accurately and comprehensively research and master comprehensive utilization rules of coal, a reactor capable of organically combining the reaction processes is needed, the research on coal conversion reaction kinetics and harmful gas emission time concentration trend rules under the condition close to a process condition can be achieved through the reactor, the research result deviation from a real rule due to the change of physicochemical characteristics such as a structure and the like after a reaction product is offline is avoided, and the online acquisition of a real-time research result is realized.

Disclosure of Invention

The invention aims to overcome the defects in the prior art, and provides a reactor for scientific research, which can complete solid-gas and gas-gas multiphase reaction between solid fuel containing carbon elements and gas for gasification, and can complete single or combined gas-solid and gas-gas multiphase reaction such as catalysis, pyrolysis, gasification, combustion and the like in one test so as to achieve the aim of online experimental research.

The technical scheme adopted by the invention for solving the problems is as follows: a coal heterogeneous catalytic gasification reactor is characterized by comprising a feeding system, a gas system, a heating system, a solid-gas reactor and a gas-gas reactor, wherein the bottom of the solid-gas reactor is connected with a main gas inlet pipe; the inside of solid gas reactor and gas reactor all installs the baffle, the inside of baffle with solid gas reactor and gas reactor is separated into the several compartment by from bottom to top, the lateral wall of solid gas reactor is connected with the several inlet pipe, the lateral wall of gas reactor is connected with several time gas intake pipe.

Further, the inlet pipe communicates with different compartments in the solid gas reactor respectively, inferior gas intake pipe communicates with different compartments in the gas reactor respectively.

Furthermore, the feeding system comprises a stepping motor, a pneumatic powder conveying sleeve and a solid material sample containing pipe, the pneumatic powder conveying sleeve comprises an inner pipe and an outer pipe, the outer pipe is sleeved outside the inner pipe, the outer pipe is communicated with a power gas inlet, the inner pipe is communicated with a powder outlet, and the pneumatic powder conveying sleeve is communicated to the inside of the sample containing pipe. The feeding system blows and carries solid particles in a pneumatic mode to enter the solid-gas reactor from the feeding pipe, wherein powder is discharged from the inner pipe of the pneumatic powder conveying sleeve, and power gas is blown into the outer pipe.

Further, the gas system uses a mass flow Meter (MFC) to control the gas flow, and selects the gas variety according to the coal powder density and the experimental requirements. The coal dust is used as feeding power gas, nitrogen, air, oxygen, argon and carbon dioxide gas or mixed gas of the gases in any proportion is selected when the density of the coal dust is less than 1, and one gas of the argon and the carbon dioxide gas or the mixed gas in any proportion is selected when the density of the coal dust is not less than 1; carbon dioxide, water vapor, air, oxygen or other gases can be used as gasification or combustion reaction gases; the fluidizing gas may be the same gas as the reaction gas, and argon, nitrogen or other inert gas may be used for the pyrolysis reaction.

Furthermore, the heating system comprises a vertical tubular electric heating furnace which is in a sectional arrangement, the electric heating furnace is at least formed by vertically and tightly arranging two independent sections, and each heating furnace body can be opened and closed laterally. With sufficient heating space and thermostatic zone to fully house the reactor, it is possible to heat to a given temperature according to the reaction requirements.

Further, the aperture of the separator is sufficient for the gas flow to pass through, and is not sufficient for the solid materials and the reaction products thereof to pass through.

Furthermore, the solid-gas reactor and the gas reactor are made of quartz glass and high-temperature-resistant ceramic materials.

Furthermore, the structures of the solid-gas reactor and the gas reactor can be integrated or connected through a connecting pipe.

Furthermore, the invention can be used for other solid fuels and solid catalysts containing carbon, hydrogen, oxygen, nitrogen and sulfur elements, such as coal, solid biomass fuel and the like.

Furthermore, the invention can be combined in various ways, such as whole-process pyrolysis reaction, first pyrolysis and then gasification reaction, and whole-process gasification reaction, and can control different reaction temperatures in the reactor and different gasification media, such as oxygen, carbon dioxide, water vapor and combination gas thereof, in a sectional manner. When the catalytic effect needs to be inspected, a catalyst can be placed on each partition plate in advance, or the catalyst can be fed into the compartment in real time, and whether the catalytic effect of promoting or preventing the coal conversion product from being further converted into harmful gas exists or not under the condition that the catalyst exists can be inspected.

Furthermore, when inert gas is used in the solid gas reactor, the coal coke can be prepared in situ and volatile substances can be pyrolyzed out on line, and the volatile substances are continuously converted into various oxides through a combustion reaction at a controlled temperature to obtain the conversion rate of converting sulfur into SOx and converting nitrogen into NOx; after pyrolysis is completed, the inert gas in the solid gas reactor is changed into oxygen, so that residual sulfur elements and nitrogen elements in the coal tar solid can be detected, and the sulfur elements and the nitrogen elements are converted into SOx and NOx under the control of temperature, and the release rate and the conversion rate of the SOx and the NOx are detected. The aeration can be controlled according to stoichiometry and appropriate excess to ensure conversion efficiency.

Compared with the prior art, the invention has the following advantages and effects: the invention can be used for on-line generation of solid and gas products, can complete the solid-gas multiphase reaction between the fresh generated products on line, and can also complete the solid-gas and gas-gas multiphase reaction with other gases on line. The phenomenon that the physical and chemical characteristics are changed and the change rule in the original state cannot be obtained due to the fact that reactions such as structural variation and the like are generated after solid or gas products are sampled and taken off line is avoided, and the original state in-situ performance of the physical and chemical reactions is guaranteed.

Drawings

Fig. 1 is a schematic view of the overall structure of the embodiment of the present invention.

FIG. 2 is a schematic structural diagram of a feed system in an embodiment of the present invention.

Fig. 3 is a schematic structural view of a heating system in an embodiment of the present invention.

Fig. 4 is a top view of fig. 3.

In the figure: a solid gas reactor 1, a gas reactor 2, a main gas inlet pipe 1-1, a feed pipe 1-2, a clapboard 1-3, a bottom compartment 1-4, an upper compartment 1-5, a secondary gas inlet pipe 2-1, an outlet pipe 2-2, a connecting pipe 2-3,

A stepping motor 21, a power gas inlet 22, a powder outlet 23, an inner tube 24, an outer tube 25, a sample containing tube 26,

An upper heating furnace 31, a lower heating furnace 32, a furnace chamber 33 and a hinge 34.

Detailed Description

The present invention will be described in further detail below by way of examples with reference to the accompanying drawings, which are illustrative of the present invention and are not to be construed as limiting the present invention.