阅读说明：本技术 挖掘机驾驶室的升降液压系统和挖掘机 (Hydraulic lifting system of excavator cab and excavator ) 是由 简立瑞 张箭 胡恒强 董玉忠 张明更 王全永 李亚东 苗衡 卢杰 付志恒 于 2020-05-29 设计创作，主要内容包括：本发明公开了一种挖掘机驾驶室的升降液压系统和挖掘机。挖掘机驾驶室的升降液压系统包括液压泵、升降油缸、第一换向阀和蓄能器,第一换向阀设置于液压泵和升降油缸之间以控制升降油缸动作,蓄能器的油口与升降油缸的无杆腔连接。本发明的升降油缸的无杆腔端增加蓄能器,有效较少上升和下降过程中压力波动,从而提高驾驶室上升和下降的平稳性,进而改善驾驶体验。(The invention discloses a lifting hydraulic system of an excavator cab and an excavator. The hydraulic lifting system of the excavator cab comprises a hydraulic pump, a lifting oil cylinder, a first reversing valve and an energy accumulator, wherein the first reversing valve is arranged between the hydraulic pump and the lifting oil cylinder to control the lifting oil cylinder to act, and an oil port of the energy accumulator is connected with a rodless cavity of the lifting oil cylinder. The energy accumulator is additionally arranged at the rodless cavity end of the lifting oil cylinder, so that pressure fluctuation in the ascending and descending processes is effectively reduced, the ascending and descending stability of a cab is improved, and the driving experience is further improved.)

1. A hydraulic system for lifting a cab of an excavator, comprising:

a hydraulic pump (1);

a lift cylinder;

the first reversing valve (2) is arranged between the hydraulic pump (1) and the lifting oil cylinder to control the lifting oil cylinder to act; and

and an oil port of the energy accumulator (7) is connected with a rodless cavity of the lifting oil cylinder.

2. The hydraulic lifting system of the excavator cab of claim 1, further comprising a second directional control valve (6) disposed between the accumulator (7) and the lift cylinder, wherein when the lift cylinder is lifted, the second directional control valve (6) controls the rodless cavity of the lift cylinder to communicate with the oil port of the accumulator (7); when the lifting oil cylinder descends, the second reversing valve (6) controls a rod cavity of the lifting oil cylinder to be communicated with an oil port of the energy accumulator (7) so that the energy accumulator (7) and the hydraulic pump (1) supply oil together.

3. The hydraulic lifting system of the excavator cab of claim 1, further comprising an emergency switching valve set arranged between the lifting cylinder and the oil tank, wherein the emergency switching valve set comprises a first emergency switching valve (8) and a second emergency switching valve (9) which are connected in parallel, the first emergency switching valve (8) is arranged in the excavator cab, and the second emergency switching valve (9) is arranged outside the excavator cab.

4. The hydraulic lifting system of the excavator cab of claim 3, wherein the first emergency switch valve (8) and the second emergency switch valve (9) each have a manual control handle.

5. The hydraulic lift system of the excavator cab of claim 3 further comprising a throttle valve (10) disposed between the emergency switch valve block and the tank.

6. The hydraulic lifting system of the excavator cab of claim 1, wherein the first directional control valve (2) comprises a first control end (X1) and a second control end (X2), the hydraulic lifting system further comprises a pilot pump (13) and a solenoid control valve group (11) arranged between the pilot pump (13) and the first directional control valve (2), and the solenoid control valve group (11) comprises a first solenoid control valve (111) connected with the first control end (X1) and a second solenoid control valve (112) connected with the second control end (X2).

7. The hydraulic lifting system of the excavator cab of claim 6, further comprising a second directional control valve (6) disposed between the accumulator (7) and the lift cylinder, wherein an oil outlet of the second electromagnetic control valve (111) is connected with a control end of the second directional control valve (6).

8. The hydraulic lifting system of the excavator cab of claim 1, further comprising a hydraulic lock (3) disposed between the first directional control valve (2) and the lift cylinder.

9. The hydraulic hoist system of an excavator cab of claim 1, wherein the hydraulic hoist system includes two lift cylinders, rod chambers of the two lift cylinders communicate with each other, and rod-less chambers of the two lift cylinders communicate with each other.

10. Excavator, characterized in that it comprises a cab and a lift hydraulic system according to any of claims 1 to 9, the lift cylinder being connected to the cab.

Technical Field

The invention relates to the technical field of engineering machinery, in particular to a lifting hydraulic system of an excavator cab and an excavator.

Background

When the excavator is used for loading and unloading goods in a port wharf or a steel mill, the visual field of a driver is limited due to the fact that the height of a carriage or the height of a steel pile is high, and the lifting function of a cab needs to be added. And the speed can't be adjusted among the lift process of current lift driver's cabin, and the impact is great, and it is relatively poor to drive experience. Under emergency, the driver can not descend in an emergency without syncope, and the safety risk is high.

Disclosure of Invention

The invention aims to provide a lifting hydraulic system of a cab of an excavator and the excavator, so as to improve the lifting experience of the cab.

The invention provides a lifting hydraulic system of an excavator cab, which comprises:

a hydraulic pump;

a lift cylinder;

the first reversing valve is arranged between the hydraulic pump and the lifting oil cylinder to control the lifting oil cylinder to act; and

and an oil port of the energy accumulator is connected with a rodless cavity of the lifting oil cylinder.

In some embodiments, the hydraulic lifting system further comprises a second reversing valve arranged between the energy accumulator and the lifting oil cylinder, and when the lifting oil cylinder ascends, the second reversing valve controls the rodless cavity of the lifting oil cylinder to be communicated with the oil port of the energy accumulator; when the lifting oil cylinder descends, the second reversing valve controls the rod cavity of the lifting oil cylinder to be communicated with the oil port of the energy accumulator so that the energy accumulator (7) and the hydraulic pump (1) supply oil together.

In some embodiments, the hydraulic lifting system further comprises an emergency switch valve group arranged between the lifting oil cylinder and the oil tank, the emergency switch valve group comprises a first emergency switch valve and a second emergency switch valve which are connected in parallel, the first emergency switch valve is arranged in the cab of the excavator, and the second emergency switch valve is arranged outside the cab of the excavator.

In some embodiments, the first emergency switch valve and the second emergency switch valve each have a manual control handle.

In some embodiments, the hydraulic lift system further comprises a throttle valve disposed between the emergency switch valve block and the tank.

In some embodiments, the first reversing valve includes a first control end and a second control end, the hydraulic lifting system further includes a pilot pump and an electromagnetic control valve group disposed between the pilot pump and the first reversing valve, and the electromagnetic control valve group includes a first electromagnetic control valve connected to the first control end and a second electromagnetic control valve connected to the second control end.

In some embodiments, the hydraulic lifting system further comprises a second reversing valve arranged between the accumulator and the lifting cylinder, and an oil outlet of the second electromagnetic control valve is connected with a control end of the second reversing valve.

In some embodiments, the lift hydraulic system further comprises a hydraulic lock disposed between the first directional control valve and the lift cylinder.

In some embodiments, the hoist hydraulic system includes two hoist cylinders, the rod chambers of the two hoist cylinders being in communication with each other, and the rodless chambers of the two hoist cylinders being in communication with each other.

In a second aspect, the invention provides an excavator, which comprises a cab and a lifting hydraulic system as provided in the first aspect of the invention, wherein a lifting cylinder is connected with the cab.

Based on the technical scheme provided by the invention, the lifting hydraulic system of the excavator cab comprises a hydraulic pump, a lifting oil cylinder, a first reversing valve and an energy accumulator, wherein the first reversing valve is arranged between the hydraulic pump and the lifting oil cylinder to control the lifting oil cylinder to act, and an oil port of the energy accumulator is connected with a rodless cavity of the lifting oil cylinder. The energy accumulator is additionally arranged at the rodless cavity end of the lifting oil cylinder, so that pressure fluctuation in the ascending and descending processes is effectively reduced, the ascending and descending stability of a cab is improved, and the driving experience is further improved.

Other features of the present invention and advantages thereof will become apparent from the following detailed description of exemplary embodiments thereof, which proceeds with reference to the accompanying drawings.

Drawings

The accompanying drawings, which are included to provide a further understanding of the invention and are incorporated in and constitute a part of this application, illustrate embodiment(s) of the invention and together with the description serve to explain the invention without limiting the invention. In the drawings:

fig. 1 is a schematic structural diagram of a hydraulic lifting system of an excavator cab according to an embodiment of the present invention.

Each reference numeral represents:

1. a hydraulic pump;

2. a first direction changing valve;

3. hydraulic locking;

4. a left lift cylinder;

5. a right lift cylinder;

6. a second directional control valve;

7. an accumulator;

8. a first emergency switching valve;

9. a second emergency switching valve;

10. a throttle valve;

11. an electromagnetic proportional valve bank;

12. an oil tank;

13. a pilot pump.

Detailed Description

The technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the drawings in the embodiments of the present invention, and it is obvious that the described embodiments are only a part of the embodiments of the present invention, and not all of the embodiments. The following description of at least one exemplary embodiment is merely illustrative in nature and is in no way intended to limit the invention, its application, or uses. All other embodiments, which can be derived by a person skilled in the art from the embodiments given herein without making any creative effort, shall fall within the protection scope of the present invention.

The relative arrangement of the components and steps, the numerical expressions and numerical values set forth in these embodiments do not limit the scope of the present invention unless specifically stated otherwise. Meanwhile, it should be understood that the sizes of the respective portions shown in the drawings are not drawn in an actual proportional relationship for the convenience of description. Techniques, methods, and apparatus known to those of ordinary skill in the relevant art may not be discussed in detail, but are intended to be part of the specification where appropriate. In all examples shown and discussed herein, any particular value should be construed as merely illustrative, and not limiting. Thus, other examples of the exemplary embodiments may have different values. It should be noted that: like reference numbers and letters refer to like items in the following figures, and thus, once an item is defined in one figure, further discussion thereof is not required in subsequent figures.

Spatially relative terms, such as "above … …," "above … …," "above … …," "above," and the like, may be used herein for ease of description to describe one device or feature's spatial relationship to another device or feature as illustrated in the figures. It will be understood that the spatially relative terms are intended to encompass different orientations of the device in use or operation in addition to the orientation depicted in the figures. For example, if a device in the figures is turned over, devices described as "above" or "on" other devices or configurations would then be oriented "below" or "under" the other devices or configurations. Thus, the exemplary term "above … …" can include both an orientation of "above … …" and "below … …". The device may be otherwise variously positioned and the spatially relative descriptors used herein interpreted accordingly.

As shown in fig. 1, the hydraulic system for elevating the cab of the excavator according to the embodiment of the present invention includes:

a hydraulic pump 1;

a lift cylinder;

the first reversing valve 2 is arranged between the hydraulic pump 1 and the lifting oil cylinder to control the lifting oil cylinder to act; and

and an oil port of the energy accumulator 7 is connected with a rodless cavity of the lifting oil cylinder.

The energy accumulator 7 is additionally arranged at the rodless cavity end of the lifting oil cylinder, pressure fluctuation in the ascending and descending processes is effectively reduced, and therefore the ascending and descending stability of a cab is improved, and driving experience is further improved.

The hydraulic lifting system of the present embodiment includes two lift cylinders, a left lift cylinder 4 and a right lift cylinder 5. The rod cavity of the left lifting oil cylinder 4 is communicated with the rod cavity of the right lifting oil cylinder 5, and the rodless cavity of the left lifting oil cylinder 4 is communicated with the rodless cavity of the right lifting oil cylinder 5. This lift hydraulic system adopts two hydro-cylinders installation form, when meetting emergency, reduces because of the pipeline damages, and the risk that the driver's cabin suddenly dropped and brought, and safety and stability are higher.

The lifting hydraulic system of the embodiment further comprises a second reversing valve 6 arranged between the energy accumulator 7 and the lifting oil cylinder, and when the lifting oil cylinder ascends, the second reversing valve 6 controls a rodless cavity of the lifting oil cylinder to be communicated with an oil port of the energy accumulator 7; when the lifting oil cylinder descends, the second reversing valve 6 controls the rod cavity of the lifting oil cylinder to be communicated with the oil port of the energy accumulator 7.

When the lifting oil cylinder rises, the upper oil circuit of the second reversing valve 6 is controlled to be communicated, and at the moment, the rodless cavity of the lifting oil cylinder is communicated with the oil port of the energy accumulator 7 to reduce impact. Also during the ascent, the accumulator 7 can absorb hydraulic energy. When the lifting oil cylinder descends, the lower oil way of the second reversing valve 6 is controlled to be communicated, the rod cavity of the lifting oil cylinder is communicated with the oil port of the energy accumulator 7, the energy stored in the energy accumulator 7 is released to the rod cavity of the lifting oil cylinder, the auxiliary hydraulic pump 1 provides power to further reduce oil consumption, and the energy-saving effect is achieved.

And a throttle valve is arranged in the lower oil path of the second reversing valve 6 of the embodiment, so that the speed of energy release of the energy accumulator 7 can be adjusted according to requirements, and the cab can descend stably.

The hydraulic lifting system of the embodiment further comprises an emergency switch valve bank arranged between the lifting oil cylinder and the oil tank 12. The emergency switch valve group comprises a first emergency switch valve 8 and a second emergency switch valve 9 which are connected in parallel, the first emergency switch valve 8 is arranged in the cab of the excavator, and the second emergency switch valve 9 is arranged outside the cab of the excavator. The lifting hydraulic system of the embodiment is provided with two-stage emergency switch valves, and a driver can open the first emergency switch valve 8 in the cab to lower the cab in a general emergency situation. When the driver is unconscious, a person outside the cab can open the second emergency switch valve 9 outside the cab, so that the safety of the lifting hydraulic system of the embodiment is further guaranteed.

The first emergency switching valve 8 and the second emergency switching valve 9 of the present embodiment each have a manual control handle. Therefore, when an emergency situation such as power failure occurs, relevant personnel can operate manually to avoid danger. However, in the related art, the emergency switch is generally electric or hydraulic, and thus, when the whole machine fails, the emergency switch cannot function at all. The emergency switch valve of the embodiment is manually controlled, so that the emergency switch valve can play a role under any working condition, and the emergency switch valve is really used under the emergency working condition.

The hydraulic lifting system of the present embodiment further includes a throttle valve 10 disposed between the emergency switch valve set and the oil tank 12. The throttle valve 10 is arranged so that the speed of the cab is controllable during emergency descent. The provision of the accumulator 7 also reduces the impact of the cab during emergency descent.

As shown in fig. 1, the first direction valve 2 of the present embodiment includes a first control end X1 and a second control end X2, the lift hydraulic system further includes a pilot pump 13 and an electromagnetic control valve group 11 disposed between the pilot pump 13 and the first direction valve 2, and the electromagnetic control valve group 11 includes a first electromagnetic control valve 111 connected to the first control end X1 and a second electromagnetic control valve 112 connected to the second control end X2. The first solenoid-operated valve 111 and the second solenoid-operated valve 112 can control the speed of the cab up-and-down, respectively, and thus can perform speed adjustment of the cab up-and-down by the controller.

The solenoid control valve group 11 of the present embodiment has an oil inlet P1, an oil return port T1, a first oil outlet C1 and a second oil outlet C2. The first oil outlet C1 is connected with the oil port of the first electromagnetic control valve 111 and with the first control end X1 of the first direction valve 2. The second oil outlet C2 is connected with the oil port of the second electromagnetic control valve 112 and with the second control end X2 of the first direction valve 2 and the control end of the second direction valve 6. Therefore, when the second electromagnetic control valve 112 is electrified, the right oil path of the first reversing valve 2 is communicated, the lower oil path of the second reversing valve 6 is communicated, at the moment, the lifting oil cylinder descends, and the rod cavity is communicated with the oil port of the energy accumulator 7.

In this embodiment, the lift hydraulic system further comprises a hydraulic lock 3 disposed between the first directional control valve 2 and the lift cylinder. The hydraulic lock 3 comprises a pilot operated check valve.

As shown in fig. 1, an oil inlet P of the first directional valve 2 of the present embodiment is connected to an oil outlet of the hydraulic pump 1, an oil return port T of the first directional valve 2 is connected to an oil tank 12, a first working oil port a of the first directional valve 2 is connected to a rod chamber of the lift cylinder through a hydraulic lock 3, and a second working oil port B of the first directional valve 2 is connected to a rodless chamber of the lift cylinder through a hydraulic lock 3. The first control end X1 of the first direction valve 2 is connected with the oil outlet of the pilot pump 13 through the first electromagnetic proportional valve 111, and the second control end X2 of the first direction valve 2 is connected with the oil outlet of the pilot pump 13 through the second electromagnetic proportional valve 112.

The first oil port A1 of the hydraulic lock 3 is connected with the first working oil port A of the first reversing valve 2, the second oil port B1 of the hydraulic lock 3 is connected with the second working oil port B of the first reversing valve 2, the third oil port A2 of the hydraulic lock 3 is connected with the rod cavity of the lifting oil cylinder, and the fourth oil port B2 of the hydraulic lock 3 is connected with the rodless cavity of the lifting oil cylinder. The fifth port E of the hydraulic lock 3 is communicated with the third port a2 of the hydraulic lock 3, and the sixth port D of the hydraulic lock 3 is communicated with the fourth port B2 of the hydraulic lock 3.

The hydraulic lock 3 is connected to an energy accumulator 7 via a second directional control valve 6. When the upper oil circuit of the second reversing valve 6 is communicated, the sixth oil port D of the hydraulic lock 3 is communicated with the oil port of the energy accumulator 7. When the lower oil path of the second reversing valve 6 is communicated, the fifth oil port E of the hydraulic lock 3 is communicated with the oil port of the accumulator 7.

The following describes in detail the elevating operation of the cab of the excavator.

When the cab ascends, a driver presses an electric switch button for controlling ascending, at the moment, a first electromagnetic valve 111 of the electromagnetic control valve group 11 is electrified, pilot oil acts on a first control end X1 of a first reversing valve 2 through a first oil outlet C1, oil flows through the left position of the first reversing valve 2, an oil outlet of a hydraulic pump enters through an oil inlet P of the first reversing valve 2 and sequentially enters into rodless cavities of a left lifting oil cylinder 4 and a right lifting oil cylinder 5 through a second working oil port B of the first reversing valve 2 and a second oil port B1 and a fourth oil port B2 of a hydraulic lock 3, rodless cavities of the left lifting oil cylinder 4 and the right lifting oil cylinder 5 are communicated through a hydraulic pipeline, and the cab ascends. It should be noted that at this time, the upper oil path of the second reversing valve 6 is communicated, and the sixth oil port D of the hydraulic lock 3 is communicated with the oil port of the energy accumulator 7, so that the pressure fluctuation at the oil inlet end of the rodless cavity during rising can be effectively reduced, the impact is reduced, and the driving experience is improved. The pilot control oil path is controlled by the solenoid control valve group 11, and the rising speed can be adjusted. The accumulator 7 stores the hydraulic energy generated during the ascent.

During cab lowering operation: the driver presses down an electric switch button for controlling descending, at the same time, the second electromagnetic valve 112 of the electromagnetic control valve group 11 is electrified, pilot oil acts on a second control end X2 of the first reversing valve 2 and a control end of the second reversing valve 6 through a second oil outlet C2, the first reversing valve 2 and the second reversing valve 6 are reversed, hydraulic oil of an oil inlet P of the first reversing valve 2 works in rod cavities of the left lifting cylinder 4 and the right lifting cylinder 5 through a first working oil port A and a first oil port A1 and a third oil port A2 of the hydraulic lock 3, the rod cavities of the left lifting cylinder 4 and the right lifting cylinder 5 are communicated through a hydraulic pipeline, hydraulic oil stored in the energy accumulator 7 flows to the rod cavities of the cylinders, the auxiliary hydraulic pump 1 provides power, and under the condition that the hydraulic pump 1 and the energy accumulator 7 provide power at the same time, the driver cab descends. The pilot control oil passage is controlled by the solenoid control valve group 11, and the lowering speed can be adjusted.

When a general emergency occurs and a normal descending action cannot be carried out:

the driver manually opens the first emergency switch valve 8 installed in the cab, and at this time, the rodless chamber hydraulic oil flows to the first emergency switch valve 8 and the throttle valve 10 through the sixth oil port D of the hydraulic lock 3, and returns to the oil tank 12. The accumulator 7 is arranged between the hydraulic lock 3 and the first emergency switch valve 8, pressure fluctuation during oil return can be effectively reduced, and in addition, the throttle valve 10 can adjust the emergency descending speed.

When a special emergency occurs, such as a faint unconscious driver:

and a person outside the cab manually opens the second emergency switch valve 9 arranged outside the cab, and at the moment, the rodless chamber hydraulic oil flows to the second emergency switch valve 9 and the throttle valve 10 through the sixth oil port D of the hydraulic lock 3 and returns to the hydraulic oil tank 12. The accumulator 7 is arranged between the hydraulic lock 3 and the second emergency switch valve 9, pressure fluctuation during oil return can be effectively reduced, and in addition, the throttle valve 10 can adjust the emergency descending speed.

The invention also provides an excavator which comprises a cab and the lifting hydraulic system of the embodiment, wherein the lifting oil cylinder is connected with the cab.

In summary, the lifting hydraulic system of the cab of the embodiment of the invention has at least the following advantages:

the lifting hydraulic system provided by the embodiment of the invention is provided with the energy accumulator, so that the lifting stability is good, and when the lifting oil cylinder is in a descending state, the energy accumulator is used as a power source to supply oil together with the hydraulic pump, so that the oil consumption is reduced and the energy is saved.

The lifting hydraulic system provided by the embodiment of the invention adopts the two-stage emergency switch, so that the emergency control of the inner side and the outer side of the cab is realized, and the condition that the cab cannot descend when a driver is unconscious due to faint is avoided. In addition, the emergency switch of the lifting hydraulic system provided by the embodiment of the invention is manually controlled, so that the function of controlling the descending under any emergency working condition is really realized.

Finally, it should be noted that: the above examples are only intended to illustrate the technical solution of the present invention and not to limit it; although the present invention has been described in detail with reference to preferred embodiments, those skilled in the art will understand that: modifications to the specific embodiments of the invention or equivalent substitutions for parts of the technical features may be made; without departing from the spirit of the present invention, it is intended to cover all aspects of the invention as defined by the appended claims.