阅读说明：本技术 一种园艺拖拉机静液压无级变速传动箱 (Hydrostatic stepless speed change transmission case of gardening tractor ) 是由 夏建林 于 2020-06-19 设计创作，主要内容包括：本发明涉及一种小型园艺拖拉机的静液压无级变速传动箱,在行走机构的一、二级传动轴之间并联HST传动机构,且静液压无级变速装置(5)设置于箱体(29)的外侧顶端；在动力输出轴一(23)的轴末端上侧增设横向动力输出机构,使动力输出在拥有一个纵向主输出端的基础上,再增设有两个横向辅助输出端和一个齿轮直联输出端。其优点是,上置式HST布置,改善了箱体结构布置,减小了箱体宽度,适合在狭窄的园艺及其他狭窄行距的农田中作业；机液混合动力驱动,满足不同工况作业要求下；多点动力输出,可满足多功能作业机具的动力配置要求。(The invention relates to a hydrostatic stepless speed change transmission case of a small-sized garden tractor, wherein an HST transmission mechanism is connected in parallel between a primary transmission shaft and a secondary transmission shaft of a travelling mechanism, and a hydrostatic stepless speed change device (5) is arranged at the top end of the outer side of a case body (29); a transverse power output mechanism is additionally arranged on the upper side of the tail end of a first power output shaft (23), so that two transverse auxiliary output ends and a gear direct-connection output end are additionally arranged on the basis that the power output has a longitudinal main output end. The upper HST type agricultural greenhouse has the advantages that the structural arrangement of the box body is improved, the width of the box body is reduced, and the upper HST type agricultural greenhouse is suitable for operation in narrow gardening and other farmlands with narrow row spacing; the mechanical-hydraulic hybrid power is used for driving, so that the requirements of different working conditions on operation are met; and the multi-point power output can meet the power configuration requirement of the multifunctional working machine.)

1. A hydrostatic stepless speed change transmission box of a gardening tractor comprises a travelling mechanism, a power output mechanism and an HST transmission mechanism, wherein the travelling mechanism comprises a primary transmission shaft (17), a secondary transmission shaft (18), a tertiary transmission shaft (19), a clutch shaft (20), a quaternary transmission shaft (21) and a travelling wheel shaft (22), the clutch shaft (20) is a brake steering shaft, the travelling wheel shaft (22) is a tractor wheel driving shaft, and power is input by a power input shaft (1) to drive the whole machine to travel and brake to steer; the power output mechanism comprises a power input shaft (1), a straight gear (14) and a power output shaft I (23); the power of engine is passed through bevel gear three (16) and straight-tooth gear (14) by power input shaft (1) and is transmitted power for running gear and power take off mechanism respectively, realizes tractor walking and power take off, its characterized in that: the HST transmission mechanism is connected between a primary transmission shaft (17) and a secondary transmission shaft (18) of the walking mechanism in parallel, a hydrostatic stepless speed change device (5) in the HST transmission mechanism is arranged at the top end of the outer side of a box body (29) of a transmission box, and an HST input shaft (4) and an HST output shaft (7) of the HST transmission mechanism extend into the box body (29) and are connected with the primary transmission shaft (17) and the secondary transmission shaft (18) respectively; the power output mechanism is also provided with a group of transverse power output mechanisms.

2. The hydrostatic continuously variable transmission case of a garden tractor as claimed in claim 1, wherein: the HST transmission mechanism comprises a hydrostatic stepless speed change device (5), and an HST input gear shaft (2), an HST output gear shaft (8) and an HST output transition shaft (9) which are respectively connected with an HST input shaft (4) and an HST output shaft (7) of the hydrostatic stepless speed change device (5); the hydrostatic stepless speed change device (5) is arranged at the top end of the outer side of the box body (29), and an HST input shaft (4) of the hydrostatic stepless speed change device is connected with a primary transmission shaft (17) in the traveling mechanism through a bevel gear I (3), an HST input transmission shaft (2) and a transition gear (31); the HST output shaft 7 is connected with a secondary transmission shaft (18) in the traveling mechanism through a bevel gear II (6), an HST output transmission shaft (8) and an HST output transition shaft (9), so that hydrostatic flexible stepless speed change transmission of the gearbox is realized.

3. The hydrostatic continuously variable transmission case of a garden tractor as claimed in claim 1, wherein: a first power output shaft (23) in the power output mechanism is arranged at the bottommost side in the box body (29), the front end of the first power output shaft is connected with the power input shaft (1) through a pair of straight gears (14), and the tail end of the first power output shaft serving as a power output end extends out of the box body (29) to form a longitudinal main power output end.

4. The hydrostatic continuously variable transmission case of a garden tractor as claimed in claim 1, wherein: the transverse power output mechanism is arranged on the upper side of the tail end of the power output shaft I (23) and consists of a bevel gear IV (24), a power distribution shaft (25), a bevel gear V (26), a power output shaft II (27) and a power output gear (28), and the output power of the power output shaft I (23) is transmitted to the power output shaft II (27) through the transverse power output mechanism to carry out multi-point power output; the power output shaft II (27) is transversely supported on the box body (29) at an angle of 90 degrees relative to the power output shaft I (23), and two ends of the shaft extend out of the box body (29) to carry out transverse power output; meanwhile, a direct-connected power output gear (28) is arranged on the second power output shaft (27) to form a transverse multi-point power output end.

5. The hydrostatic continuously variable transmission case of a garden tractor as claimed in claim 1, wherein: a transmission gear of the secondary transmission shaft (18) is also provided with an HST shifting fork (10) for controlling connection or disconnection with the hydrostatic stepless speed change device (5) and a high-low speed shifting fork (12) for controlling high-low gear walking of a walking mechanism; an output shaft shifting fork (15) for controlling the connection or disconnection with the power input shaft (1) is arranged on the power output shaft I (23).

6. A garden tractor hydrostatic continuously variable transmission, as claimed in claim 1 or 5, wherein: one end of an HST shifting fork (10) is supported on the box body (29) through an HST shifting fork shaft (11), and one end of a high-speed shifting fork (12) and one end of a low-speed shifting fork (12) are supported on the box body (29) through a high-speed shifting fork shaft (13) and are respectively adjusted by shifting fork handles.

7. A garden tractor hydrostatic continuously variable transmission, as claimed in claim 1 or 5, wherein: the primary transmission shaft (17) is provided with a transmission gear (30) directly connected with a high-low shift fork gear on the secondary transmission shaft (18), and the power on the primary transmission shaft (17) can be directly transmitted to the secondary transmission shaft (18) through the transmission gear (30), so that high-low speed mechanical transmission is realized.

8. The hydrostatic continuously variable transmission case of a garden tractor as claimed in claim 1, wherein: the main power output end of the power output shaft I (23) is of a spline structure, and power can be transmitted to the working machine through the coupling.

9. A garden tractor hydrostatic continuously variable transmission, as claimed in claim 1 or 4, wherein: the power output gear (28) is a straight gear and can transmit power to the working machine through the direct connection of the gears; two output ends of the second power output shaft (27) are in a flat key structure, and power can be transmitted to the working machine through a chain wheel or a belt pulley.

Technical Field

The invention relates to agricultural machinery, in particular to a hydrostatic stepless speed change transmission case of a gardening tractor, which is suitable for gardening operation.

Background

At present, the tractor gearbox mainly comprises a mechanical direct-coupled gearbox and a hydrostatic stepless transmission gearbox. The mechanical direct-coupled gearbox has high transmission efficiency, but needs skillful operation of an accelerator, a clutch and gears, and is complex to operate. Particularly, when the tractor operates in sloping fields such as hilly mountains and tea gardens, the tractor needs to provide large torque to crawl, and the mechanical direct-coupled gearbox easily causes abnormal wear of the clutch, and leads to flameout of the engine in severe cases. The traditional pure mechanical transmission can not meet the driving requirement.

The hydrostatic stepless transmission gearbox is characterized in that a hydrostatic stepless speed change transmission device (HST) is connected to a power input end on the basis of the existing mechanical direct-coupled gearbox, so that pure mechanical transmission becomes more flexible, the operation is simple, the noise is low, the traveling speed can be adjusted in a stepless manner, large-torque driving can be provided without causing flameout of an engine, the tractor can be guaranteed to travel more flexibly under various severe working conditions, and the hydrostatic stepless speed change gearbox is widely applied to the production and manufacturing processes of agricultural machinery at present. Hydrostatic continuously variable transmissions have been widely used in small cars, and introduction of hydrostatic continuously variable transmissions (SHT) in tractor transmissions is the direction of future flexible transmission design.

The hydrostatic stepless speed change transmission device has good flexibility and simple and convenient operation, but has low transmission efficiency and high oil consumption when working under the conditions of low speed and stable farmland conditions for a long time, so that the temperature of hydraulic oil is increased quickly. The traditional mechanical direct-coupled gearbox can ensure low-speed and constant-speed running, and has high transmission efficiency and stable operation effect.

Due to the limitation of the overall size, structure and available space, it is very difficult to implant a hydrostatic continuously variable transmission (abbreviated as SHT) in the existing space. In order to keep the overall size of the gearbox of the existing tractor unchanged, most of the current designs are that a hydrostatic continuously variable transmission (SHT) is arranged on the side surface of the gearbox. The design is not suitable for the tractor with no special limitation on the lateral dimension of the whole tractor, but obviously is not suitable for the tractor with strict limitation on the lateral width. The side mounted hydrostatic infinitely variable transmission can significantly increase the width of the box assembly, making the work machine unsuitable for use in narrow gardening and other narrow row spacing farmlands.

In recent years, the company designs a narrow-width small-sized crawler tractor suitable for operating in a tea garden, and the overall outline width of the tractor needs to be less than 80CM due to the limitation of 80CM line spacing of the tea garden. Obviously, for the small-sized track-type tractor with narrow width, if a hydrostatic continuously variable transmission (SHT) is to be connected again, the other sides except the top of the gearbox cannot be arranged.

In addition, in order to meet the requirements of multifunctional gardening operation, the traditional single-point power output shaft cannot meet the power configuration requirements of the existing multifunctional operation machine, and a gearbox which is small in width, can meet the requirements of large-torque transmission power, various power output selections and mechanical and hydraulic parallel hybrid transmission is urgently needed.

Disclosure of Invention

The invention aims to solve the technical problem of providing a hydrostatic stepless speed change transmission case of a gardening tractor, which is suitable for tea garden operation and aims to solve the problems in the prior art.

The technical scheme of the invention is that the power transmission device comprises a traveling mechanism, a power output mechanism and an HST transmission mechanism, wherein the traveling mechanism comprises a primary transmission shaft 17, a secondary transmission shaft 18, a tertiary transmission shaft 19, a clutch shaft 20, a quaternary transmission shaft 21 and a traveling wheel shaft 22, the clutch shaft 20 is a brake steering shaft, the traveling wheel shaft 22 is a tractor wheel driving shaft, and power is input by a power input shaft 1 to drive the whole machine to travel and brake to steer; the power output mechanism comprises a power input shaft 1, a straight gear 14 and a power output shaft I23; the power of the engine is transmitted to the running gear and the power output mechanism by the power input shaft 1 through the bevel gear III 16 and the straight gear 14 respectively, so that the running and the power output of the tractor are realized, and the power output device is characterized in that: the HST transmission mechanism is connected in parallel between a primary transmission shaft 17 and a secondary transmission shaft 18 of the walking mechanism, a hydrostatic stepless speed change device 5 in the HST transmission mechanism is arranged at the top end of the outer side of a box body 29 of a transmission box, and an HST input shaft 4 and an HST output shaft 7 of the HST transmission mechanism extend into the box body 29 and are respectively connected with the primary transmission shaft 17 and the secondary transmission shaft 18; the power output mechanism is also provided with a group of transverse power output mechanisms.

The HST transmission mechanism comprises a hydrostatic continuously variable transmission device 5, and an HST input gear shaft 2, an HST output gear shaft 8 and an HST output transition shaft 9 which are respectively connected with an HST input shaft 4 and an HST output shaft 7 of the hydrostatic continuously variable transmission device 5; the hydrostatic continuously variable transmission device 5 is arranged at the top end of the outer side of the box body 29, and an HST input shaft 4 of the hydrostatic continuously variable transmission device is connected with a primary transmission shaft 17 in the travelling mechanism through a bevel gear I3, an HST input transmission shaft 2 and a transition gear 31; the HST output shaft 7 is connected with a secondary transmission shaft 18 in the traveling mechanism through a second bevel gear 6, an HST output transmission shaft 8 and an HST output transition shaft 9, so that hydrostatic flexible stepless speed change transmission of the gearbox is realized.

The first power output shaft 23 of the power output mechanism is arranged at the bottommost side in the box body 29, the front end of the first power output shaft is connected with the power input shaft 1 through a pair of straight gears 14, and the tail end of the first power output shaft serving as a power output end extends out of the box body 29 to form a longitudinal main power output end.

The transverse power output mechanism is arranged on the upper side of the tail end of the power output shaft I23 and consists of a bevel gear IV 24, a power distribution shaft 25, a bevel gear V26, a power output shaft II 27 and a power output gear 28, and the output power of the power output shaft I23 is transmitted to the power output shaft II 27 through the transverse power output mechanism to carry out multi-point power output; the power output shaft II 27 is transversely supported on the box body 29 at an angle of 90 degrees relative to the power output shaft I23, and two ends of the shaft extend out of the box body 29 to carry out transverse power output; meanwhile, a direct-connected power output gear 28 is arranged on the second power output shaft 27 to form a transverse multi-point power output end.

A transmission gear of the secondary transmission shaft 18 is also provided with an HST shifting fork 10 for controlling connection or disconnection with the hydrostatic stepless speed change device 5 and a high-low speed shifting fork 12 for controlling high-low gear walking of the walking mechanism; an output shaft shifting fork 15 for controlling the connection or disconnection with the power input shaft 1 is arranged on the power output shaft I23.

One end of the HST fork 10 is supported on the box body 29 through the HST fork shaft 11, and one end of the high-low speed fork 12 is supported on the box body 29 through the high-low speed fork shaft 13 and is adjusted by a fork handle respectively.

The primary transmission shaft 17 is provided with a transmission gear 30 directly connected with a high-low shift fork gear on the secondary transmission shaft 18, and the power on the primary transmission shaft 17 can be directly transmitted to the secondary transmission shaft 18 through the transmission gear 30, so that high-low speed mechanical transmission is realized.

The main power output end of the power output shaft I23 is of a spline structure, and power can be transmitted to the working machine through the coupling.

The power output gear 28 is a straight gear and can directly transmit power to the working machine through the gear; two output ends of the second power output shaft 27 are in a flat key structure, and power can be transmitted to the working machine through a chain wheel or a belt pulley.

Compared with the prior art, the invention has the advantages that: firstly, the arrangement mode of the top-mounted HST improves the structural arrangement of the box body, greatly reduces the width of the box body, and is suitable for operation in narrow gardening and other farmlands with narrow row spacing; the engine and the hydraulic hybrid power are driven, seamless switching can be realized according to different terrain operation requirements, and the fuel efficiency of the engine is improved under the condition of meeting the requirements of different working conditions; and secondly, the multifunctional garden operation machine has multiple power output options, has multiple power output connection modes of a spline power output shaft, a gear direct connection and a belt pulley and a chain wheel, and meets the power configuration requirements of the multifunctional garden operation machine.

Description of the drawings

FIG. 1 is a schematic structural view of the present invention, i.e., a cross-sectional view taken along line A-A of FIG. 2;

FIG. 2 is a cross-sectional view taken along line B-B of FIG. 1, showing a schematic transmission of the traveling mechanism;

FIG. 3 is a cross-sectional view taken along line C-C of FIG. 1;

FIG. 4 is a cross-sectional view taken along line D-D of FIG. 1;

fig. 5 is a cross-sectional view taken along line E-E of fig. 1.

Reference numbers in the figures: 1-a power input shaft, 2-an HST input transmission shaft, 3-a bevel gear I, 4-an HST input shaft, 5-a hydrostatic stepless speed change device, 6-a bevel gear II, 7-an HST output shaft, 8-an HST output transmission shaft, 9-an HST output transition shaft, 10-an HST shifting fork, 11-an HST shifting fork shaft, 12-a high-low speed shifting fork, 13-a high-low speed shifting fork shaft, 14-a straight gear, 15-an output shaft shifting fork, 16-a bevel gear III, 17-a primary transmission shaft, 18-a secondary transmission shaft, 19-a tertiary transmission shaft, 20-a clutch shaft, 21-a four-stage transmission shaft, 22-a traveling wheel shaft, 23-a power output shaft I, 24-a bevel gear IV, 25-a power distribution shaft, 26-a bevel gear V, 27-a second power output shaft, 28-a power output gear, 29-a box body, 30-a transmission gear, 31-a transition gear and 32-an intermediate gear.

Detailed Description

The invention is described in further detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings.

The invention relates to a hydrostatic stepless speed change transmission case of a gardening tractor, which enables the whole tractor to realize hydrostatic stepless speed change by implanting a hydrostatic stepless speed change device (HST for short) into a travelling mechanism.

The transmission case of the invention consists of three parts, namely a traveling mechanism, a power output mechanism and an HST transmission mechanism.

The traveling mechanism comprises a primary transmission shaft 17, a secondary transmission shaft 18, a tertiary transmission shaft 19, a clutch shaft 20, a quaternary transmission shaft 21 and a traveling wheel shaft 22, wherein the clutch shaft 20 is a brake steering shaft, the traveling wheel shaft 22 is a tractor wheel driving shaft, and power is input by a power input shaft 1 to drive the whole machine to travel and brake to steer. The traveling mechanism is also provided with a group of HST transmission mechanisms which are connected in parallel between the primary transmission shaft 17 and the secondary transmission shaft 18, so that the traveling mechanism realizes flexible hydrostatic stepless speed change.

The power output mechanism comprises a longitudinal main power output mechanism and a transverse power output mechanism.

The longitudinal main power output mechanism is composed of a power input shaft 1, a straight gear 14 and a power output shaft I23, wherein the power output shaft I23 is arranged at the bottommost side in a box body 29, the front end of the power output shaft I is connected with the power input shaft 1 through the straight gear 14, the tail end of the power output shaft I is used as a power output end and extends out of the box body 29 to form a longitudinal main power output end, so that the power of an engine is directly transmitted to the power output shaft I23 at the bottom side through the straight gear 14 from the power input shaft 1, and the longitudinal main power output is.

The transverse power output mechanism is arranged on the upper side of the tail end of the first power output shaft 23 and consists of a bevel gear four 24, a power distribution shaft 25, a bevel gear five 26, a second power output shaft 27 and a power output gear 28, and the output power of the first power output shaft 23 can be transmitted to the second power output shaft 27 through the transverse power output mechanism to carry out multi-point power output; the power output shaft II 27 is transversely supported on the box body 29 at an angle of 90 degrees relative to the power output shaft I23, and two ends of the shaft extend out of the box body 29 to carry out transverse power output; meanwhile, a direct-connected power output gear 28 is arranged on the second power output shaft 27 to form a transverse multi-point power output end, so that multi-point power output of the whole machine is realized.

The power from the engine is transmitted to the running mechanism and the power output mechanism through the power input shaft 1 and the bevel gear III 16 and the straight gear 14 respectively, so that the running and the power output of the tractor are realized. The traveling mechanism is provided with an HST transmission mechanism in parallel on the basis of the traditional mechanical transmission. According to production requirements, the HST shifting fork 10 can be used for selectively switching traditional mechanical transmission or HST hydrostatic stepless speed change transmission.

The HST transmission mechanism comprises an HST input transmission shaft 2, a bevel gear I3, an HST input shaft 4, a hydrostatic stepless speed change device 5, an HST output shaft 7, a bevel gear II 6, an HST output transmission shaft 8, an HST output transition shaft 9, a transition gear 31 and an intermediate gear 32, wherein the hydrostatic stepless speed change device 5 is arranged at the top end of the outer side of a transmission box body 29, and the HST input shaft 4 and the HST output shaft 7 extend into the box body 29 and are connected with a primary transmission shaft 17 and a secondary transmission shaft 18 in the traveling mechanism in parallel. The HST input shaft 4 is connected with the primary transmission shaft 17 through a bevel gear I3, an HST input transmission shaft 2 and a transition gear 31; the HST output shaft 7 is connected with a secondary transmission shaft 18 in the traveling mechanism through a second bevel gear 6, an HST output transmission shaft 8, an HST output transition shaft 9 and an intermediate gear 32, so that hydrostatic flexible stepless speed change transmission of the gearbox is realized.

The power output mechanism of the invention is formed by superposing a longitudinal main power output mechanism and a transverse power output mechanism to form multi-point power output. Wherein:

a power output shaft I23 in the longitudinal main power output mechanism is arranged at the bottommost side in the box body 29, the front end of the power output shaft I is connected with the power input shaft 1 through a straight gear 14, and the tail end of the power output shaft I is used as a power output end and extends out of the box body 29 to form a longitudinal main power output end;

the transverse power output mechanism is arranged on the upper side of the tail end of the power output shaft I23 and consists of a bevel gear IV 24, a power distribution shaft 25, a bevel gear V26, a power output shaft II 27 and a power output gear 28, and the output power of the power output shaft I23 is transmitted to the power output shaft II 27 through the transverse power output mechanism to carry out multi-point power output; the power output shaft II 27 is transversely supported on the box body 29 at an angle of 90 degrees relative to the power output shaft I23, and two ends of the shaft extend out of the box body 29 to carry out transverse power output; meanwhile, a direct-connected power output gear 28 is arranged on the second power output shaft 27 to form a transverse multi-point power output end.

A transmission gear of the secondary transmission shaft 18 is provided with an HST shifting fork 10 for controlling connection or disconnection with the hydrostatic stepless speed change device 5 and a high-low speed shifting fork 12 for controlling high-low gear walking of a walking mechanism; an output shaft shifting fork 15 for controlling the connection or disconnection with the power input shaft 1 is arranged on the power output shaft I23.

One end of the HST fork 10 is supported on the box body 29 through the HST fork shaft 11, and one end of the high-low speed fork 12 is supported on the box body 29 through the high-low speed fork shaft 13 and is adjusted by a fork handle respectively.

The primary transmission shaft 17 is provided with a transmission gear 30 directly connected with a high-low shift fork gear on the secondary transmission shaft 18, and the power on the primary transmission shaft 17 can be directly transmitted to the secondary transmission shaft 18 through the transmission gear 30, so that high-low speed mechanical transmission is realized.

When the HST fork 10 is in the coupled state, the hydrostatic continuously variable transmission 5 is started. At the moment, when the engine inputs power into a box body 29 of the gearbox through the power input shaft 1, the bevel gear III 16 drives the primary transmission shaft 17 to rotate, the primary transmission shaft 17 sends the power into the HST transmission mechanism through the transition gear 31 to carry out flexible hydrostatic stepless speed change, then the intermediate gear 32 transmits the power to the secondary transmission shaft 18, the traveling wheels are driven to realize the whole machine traveling through the tertiary transmission shaft 19, the clutch shaft 20, the quaternary transmission shaft 21 and the traveling wheel shaft 22, the clutch shaft 20 is a brake steering shaft, and the traveling wheel shaft 22 realizes the single-side and double-side rotation or the stop, so that the traveling, the steering and the braking are realized.

When the HST shifting fork 10 is in a neutral position, the intermediate gear 32 is disengaged from the shifting fork gear on the secondary transmission shaft 18, so that the HST transmission mechanism is disengaged from the secondary transmission shaft 18, and at the moment, the traveling mechanism is directly connected with the secondary transmission shaft 18 through the transmission gear 30 between the primary transmission shaft 17 and the secondary transmission shaft 18 to perform traditional mechanical transmission.

The power output mechanism of the invention is provided with a longitudinal port, a transverse two ports and a gear direct-connected port, and the total number of the ports is 4, thereby realizing multi-point power output. The main power output end of the power output shaft I23 is of a spline structure, and power can be transmitted to an operating machine through a coupling; the power output gear 28 is a straight gear and can directly transmit power to the working machine through the gear; two output ends of the second power output shaft 27 are in a flat key structure, and power can be transmitted to the working machine through a chain wheel or a belt pulley.