阅读说明：本技术 基于轴向充磁式双环磁悬浮结构的密度测量与分离方法 (Density measuring and separating method based on axial magnetizing type double-ring magnetic suspension structure ) 是由 曹全梁 丁安梓 韩小涛 李亮 于 2020-05-28 设计创作，主要内容包括：本发明公开了一种基于轴向充磁式双环磁悬浮结构的密度测量与分离方法,属于非标记磁操控领域。包括以下步骤：调整轴向充磁式双环磁悬浮结构的两个环形磁体间距,并获取密度-高度测量特性曲线,直至所述密度-高度测量特性曲线出现五个单调区间；将装有顺磁性溶液的容器固定,并放入待测样品；利用位于所述五个单调区间中心的一个单调区间进行所述待测样品的密度测量与分离。本发明具有高灵敏度的优点,并具有较宽的工作区间,弥补了轴向充磁式双环磁悬浮结构的传统功能区的缺陷。(The invention discloses a density measurement and separation method based on an axial magnetizing type double-ring magnetic suspension structure, and belongs to the field of unmarked magnetic control. The method comprises the following steps: adjusting the distance between two annular magnets of an axial magnetizing type double-ring magnetic suspension structure, and acquiring a density-height measurement characteristic curve until five monotonous intervals appear on the density-height measurement characteristic curve; fixing the container filled with the paramagnetic solution, and putting the container into a sample to be detected; and measuring and separating the density of the sample to be measured by utilizing a monotone interval positioned in the center of the five monotone intervals. The invention has the advantage of high sensitivity, has a wider working range and makes up for the defects of the traditional functional area of the axial magnetizing type double-ring magnetic suspension structure.)

1. A density measurement and separation method based on an axial magnetizing type double-ring magnetic suspension structure is characterized by comprising the following steps:

adjusting the distance between two annular magnets of an axial magnetizing type double-ring magnetic suspension structure, and acquiring a density-height measurement characteristic curve until five monotonous intervals appear on the density-height measurement characteristic curve;

fixing the container filled with the paramagnetic solution, and putting the container into a sample to be detected;

and measuring and separating the density of the sample to be measured by utilizing a monotone interval positioned in the center of the five monotone intervals.

2. The method of claim 1, wherein the density of the sample is calculated according to a force equation after the sample is placed and the sample is suspended stably due to the balance between gravity and magnetic suspension.

3. The density measurement and separation method according to claim 2, wherein the density of the sample to be measured is:

wherein, χ_sHexix-_mRespectively representing the magnetic susceptibility of the sample to be measured and the paramagnetic solution, V is the volume of the sample to be measured, mu₀Is the magnetic permeability in vacuum (4 π × 10)^-7N/A²) And B represents magnetic fluxThe density of the mixture is higher than the density of the mixture,is the Hamiltonian, ρ_mIndicating the density of the paramagnetic solution.

4. The method according to claim 1, wherein the sample to be measured is placed in the container, and the sample to be measured with similar density is separated after the sample to be measured is suspended stably due to the balance between gravity and magnetic suspension.

5. The density measurement and separation method of any one of claims 1-4, wherein the density of the paramagnetic solution is configured according to the density of the sample to be measured.

6. A density measurement and separation method according to any one of claims 1 to 4, wherein the container is fixed so as to coincide with the central axes of the two ring magnets.

7. The density measurement and separation method according to claim 6, wherein the container is a transparent non-magnetic container.

Technical Field

The invention belongs to the field of unmarked magnetic control, and particularly relates to a density measurement and separation method based on an axial magnetizing type double-ring magnetic suspension structure.

Background

Magnetophoresis refers to a migration behavior of a substance in a solution under the action of a gradient magnetic field, and is divided into positive magnetophoresis and negative magnetophoresis according to different magnetization differences of the substance and a surrounding solution under the action of a magnetic field. When a non-magnetic or diamagnetic substance is placed in a magnetic solution and an external gradient magnetic field, a gradient magnetic field force is generated due to the fact that the magnetization intensity of the substance is smaller than that of the magnetic solution, and the substance is driven to move away from a magnetic field source, and the phenomenon is generally called negative magnetophoresis. The magnetic suspension technology based on negative magnetophoresis removes the limitation that the traditional positive magnetophoresis control mode requires that the controlled substance has magnetism, becomes one of important substance control methods due to the advantages of economy, no mark, flexible control and the like, and has important application prospects in the aspects of substance separation, density measurement, nondestructive inspection, non-contact control and the like.

In the field of negative magnetophoresis type magnetic suspension research, the development of a high-efficiency and convenient magnetic field generation method and device plays an important role in improving the application efficiency of a magnetic suspension system and expanding the application range of the magnetic suspension system, and is one of the current research focuses. In the existing research, the permanent magnet is most widely applied due to the advantages of simple structure, no heat generation, easy generation of high magnetic field gradient and the like, and various magnet structures are formed according to actual needs, including a counter-pole square magnet, an axial magnetizing single-ring magnet, an axial magnetizing double-ring magnet and the like. Among them, the antipodal square magnet is most widely used and is a standard magnetic suspension device. The newly developed axial magnetizing single/double annular magnet structure has more advantages in the aspects of adding and removing paramagnetic media and observing samples, and has great development and application potentials. However, this type of magnet structure has several problems: 1) the actual working range is narrow, and the samples to be detected with similar densities are difficult to reach the balance height due to the mutual repulsion between the hard contact and the volume, so that the samples cannot be separated; 2) the ultrahigh sensitivity measurement function is not developed, and the accurate density of the measured object is difficult to obtain. Moreover, the current method for improving the sensitivity by increasing the separation distance in the antipole magnetic suspension device has very limited improvement on the sensitivity, and can convert the density-height curve from linear to nonlinear.

Disclosure of Invention

Aiming at the defects of the prior art, the invention aims to provide a high-sensitivity density measuring and separating method based on an axial magnetizing type double-ring magnetic suspension structure, which utilizes a new function interval found in the axial magnetizing type double-ring magnetic suspension structure for the first time to solve the problems that the working interval in the existing axial magnetizing type double-ring magnetic suspension structure is limited and high-sensitivity measuring and separating cannot be implemented.

In order to achieve the aim, the invention provides a density measurement and separation method based on an axial magnetizing type double-ring magnetic suspension structure, which comprises the following steps:

adjusting the distance between two annular magnets of an axial magnetizing type double-ring magnetic suspension structure, and acquiring a density-height measurement characteristic curve until five monotonous intervals appear on the density-height measurement characteristic curve;

fixing the container filled with the paramagnetic solution, and putting the container into a sample to be detected;

and measuring and separating the density of the sample to be measured by utilizing a monotone interval positioned in the center of the five monotone intervals.

Further, after the sample to be detected is placed, the density of the sample to be detected is calculated according to a stress equation after the sample to be detected is suspended stably due to the balance of gravity and magnetic suspension.

Further, the density of the sample to be measured is:

wherein, χ_sHexix-_mRespectively representing the magnetic susceptibility of the sample to be measured and the paramagnetic solution, V is the volume of the sample to be measured, mu₀Is the magnetic permeability in vacuum (4 π × 10)^-7N/A²) And B represents the magnetic flux density,is the Hamiltonian, ρ_mIndicating the density of the paramagnetic solution

Further, after the sample to be detected is placed, the sample to be detected is separated with similar density after the gravity and the magnetic suspension force of the sample to be detected are balanced to achieve stable suspension.

Further, the density of the paramagnetic solution is configured according to the density of the sample to be detected.

Further, the container is fixed so that the central axes of the container and the two ring magnets coincide with each other.

Further, the container is a transparent non-magnetic container.

Through the technical scheme, compared with the prior art, the invention has the following beneficial effects:

(1) the invention has the advantage of high sensitivity, and makes up the defects of the traditional functional area of the axial magnetizing type double-ring magnetic suspension structure. Particularly, under the condition of not changing the structure of the magnet, a solution is provided for improving the sensitivity of the axial magnetic charging type double-ring magnetic suspension device by more than 100 times, and the axial magnetic charging type double-ring magnetic suspension device has linear/nonlinear characteristics in high-sensitivity measurement.

(2) The invention has wider working range and has greater potential in the aspect of practical application expansion.

Drawings

FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram of a high-sensitivity density measurement and separation method based on an axial magnetizing type double-ring magnetic suspension structure according to an embodiment of the invention;

FIG. 2 is a schematic diagram of a high-sensitivity density measuring and separating device based on an axial magnetizing type double-ring magnetic suspension structure according to an embodiment of the invention;

FIG. 3 is a schematic diagram illustrating a region definition of a new functional region according to an embodiment of the present invention;

FIG. 4 is a graph showing the relationship between the density of the sample to be measured in the high-sensitivity measurement functional region and the suspension height h in the linear functional region, the non-linear functional region and the non-linear functional region in the embodiment of the present invention;

FIG. 5(a) is a graph of the relationship between the sensitivity and the height h in the high-sensitivity measurement functional zone in the linear functional zone, the non-linear functional zone and the non-linear functional zone in the conventional measurement zone of the axial magnetic suspension system;

FIG. 5(b) is a graph of the relationship between the sensitivity and the height h in the high-sensitivity measurement functional zone in the linear functional zone, the non-linear functional zone and the non-linear functional zone in the high-sensitivity measurement zone of the axial magnetic suspension system in the embodiment of the present invention;

reference numerals: 1-top cover, 2-upper base, 3-upper annular magnet, 4-lower base, 5-non-magnetic-conductive transparent container, 6-sample to be tested, 7-screw cap, 8-screw rod and 9-lower annular magnet.

Detailed Description

In order to make the objects, technical solutions and advantages of the present invention more apparent, the present invention is described in further detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings and embodiments. It should be understood that the specific embodiments described herein are merely illustrative of the invention and are not intended to limit the invention. In addition, the technical features involved in the embodiments of the present invention described below may be combined with each other as long as they do not conflict with each other.

In order to achieve the above object, the present invention provides a density measurement and separation method based on an axial magnetic-charging type double-ring magnetic suspension structure, as shown in fig. 1, comprising the following steps:

adjusting the distance between two annular magnets of an axial magnetizing type double-ring magnetic suspension structure, and acquiring a density-height measurement characteristic curve until five monotonous intervals appear on the density-height measurement characteristic curve; wherein one monotonic interval centered between the five monotonic intervals can be used to perform high sensitivity measurements.

The container with the paramagnetic solution is fixed and the sample to be tested is placed.

And after the sample to be measured is suspended stably due to the balance of gravity and magnetic suspension, performing density measurement and separation on the sample to be measured by utilizing a monotone interval positioned in the center of the five monotone intervals.

Preferably, the container is a transparent non-magnetic container.

Preferably, the density of the paramagnetic solution should be within a proper range of difference from the density of the sample to be measured, and the value of the paramagnetic solution should be accurate to the fourth decimal place in order to successfully perform corresponding high-sensitivity measurement or separation.

Preferably, the non-magnetic conductive container coincides with the central axis of the two magnets.

Preferably, the sensitivity of measurement or separation can be further increased by increasing the separation distance while having a linear measurement function region and a nonlinear measurement function region.

Preferably, the non-magnetic conductive support should be capable of flexibly adjusting the spacing between the two ring magnets.

One monotonous interval, namely the high-sensitivity measurement interval, which is positioned at the center of the five monotonous intervals is a new functional interval which appears after the separation distance is further pulled by utilizing an axial magnetizing type double-ring magnetic suspension structure based on two same antipodal annular magnets, and the sensitivity of the high-sensitivity measurement interval is improved by more than 100 times compared with the traditional functional area of axial magnetic suspension. In the existing traditional functional area of the axial magnetizing type double-ring magnetic suspension structure, the measurement curve in the area between the magnets changes monotonously; and along with the increase of the separation distance, the measurement curve of which the density changes along with the height changes in a non-monotonicity way, and the new measurement interval is positioned at the monotonicity change part in the middle of the non-monotonicity change curve and simultaneously has a linear measurement mode and a nonlinear measurement mode, which marks that the new functional area is not the extension of the traditional functional area but a brand-new interval with a high-sensitivity measurement function.

As shown in FIG. 2, the device used in the method of the present invention comprises a top cover 1, an upper base 2, an upper ring magnet 3, a lower base 4, a non-magnetic-conductive transparent container 5, a sample to be tested 6, a screw cap 7, a screw 8, and a lower ring magnet 9.

The annular magnets 3 and 9 are neodymium iron boron permanent magnets with the same inner diameter, outer diameter and height of 40mm, 60mm and 20mm respectively, and the remanence is 1.23T. The paramagnetic solution used was 2.0M MnCl₂Solutions having a density and a magnetic susceptibility, respectively, of rho_s＝1.196g/cm³，χ_s＝3.63×10^-4The magnetic susceptibility of the materials to be measured is uniformly regarded as X_bd＝-5×10^-6。

The screw and nut function to conveniently adjust the distance between the ring magnets 3 and 9, and the top cover functions to fix the position of the ring magnet 3 subject to the repulsive force of the ring magnet 9. The upper base of the device is provided with two orthogonal cuboid through holes, and 4 observation ports are formed on the front side surface of the upper base, so that the observation of a sample to be measured in the non-magnetic transparent container is not blocked. In order to enable the entire system to perform the respective measuring function, all components within the system (except the ring magnets 3 and 9) are made of a non-magnetic material.

The distance between the ring magnets 3 and 9 is a separation distance d, the ring magnets are arranged in a coaxial antipode mode, and the suspension height of the tested sample in the container is h (the surface of the ring magnet 9 is taken as a starting point).

(1) Adjusting the distance between the two magnets to enable the device to be in a high-sensitivity measurement mode;

in the axial magnetic suspension device, the high-sensitivity measurement interval appears after the separation distance of the traditional measurement interval is further increased. According to the simulation result of the radial force in the COMSOL two-dimensional axisymmetric model, when the separation distance is increased to a certain value, the direction of the radial force returns to the situation of totally facing the central axis from deviating from the central axis, so that a sample to be measured can be stabilized on the central axis under the separation distance, and a foundation is laid for implementing density measurement. And because the magnetic field distribution of the ring magnets does not change monotonously, with the further increase of the separation distance, the magnetic field distribution superposed by the upper and lower ring magnets has a new monotonous interval, the measurement characteristic curve is divided into 5 monotonous intervals according to the monotonous and positive and negative nodes of the magnetic field distribution, wherein the middle section has a wide working interval and high sensitivity, namely a new functional interval, and the characteristics are that other magnetic suspension measurement devices such as a traditional magnetic suspension device, a rotary magnetic suspension device and the like are not provided.

In this embodiment, when the separation distance is greater than 55mm, the radial magnetic field forces are all directed toward the central axis of the non-magnetic container, so that the sample 6 to be measured can be suspended on the central axis. The four screw caps below the upper base are used for supporting and fixing the position of the upper base, and the distance between the upper base and the lower base can be flexibly changed by adjusting the four screw caps to the same height. The separation distance between the magnets is further increased and optimized, and the length of the middle section area of the measuring curve is increased, so that the required high-sensitivity new function interval is formed.

(2) Preparing the density of a paramagnetic solution according to the density of the sample 6 to be detected;

the background medium solution can be DyCl₃、MnCl₂Or GdCl₃A paramagnetic salt solution. The concentration of the prepared salt solution is different, and the density and the magnetic susceptibility of the solution are changed accordingly. In order to stably suspend the sample in the background solution, the density of the selected background solution needs to be within a proper difference range from that of the sample, and the background solution is MnCl₂The magnetic susceptibility and the density of the solution change along with the change of the concentration, and the solution with the corresponding concentration can be accurately prepared according to the density of the required background solution by combining a liquid density meter. In the experiment process, attention should be paid to the influence of external conditions such as temperature on the density of the solution and the sample to be measured, and the influence of factors such as bubbles on the sample to be measured on the measurement result should be eliminated, in this embodiment, 2.0M MnCl is used₂Solution (p)_s＝1.196g/cm³，χ_s＝3.63×10^-4). The measurement curve obtained at a separation distance of 105mm is shown in FIG. 3. The measuring interval is divided into 5 parts, wherein the part III in the middle section is a high-sensitivity measuring area which has a larger working interval (about 50mm) and higher sensitivity; if the separation distance is further increased, the interval III changes from a linear characteristic to a nonlinear characteristic, in which case the sensitivity further increases and the operating interval further expands. However, this increase is also limited by the direction of the radial force, which, when increased to a certain distance, begins to change from all towards the center to a part towards the wall, so that the sample cannot settle on the central axis within the complete measurement interval.

(3) Putting the sample into a container, observing the distribution of the sample 6 to be detected in the container 5, and keeping the sample 6 to be detected in a stable suspension state under the combined action of magnetic suspension and gravity (subjected to buoyancy correction); the height distribution of the sample 6 to be measured in the container is different according to the difference of the density and the magnetic susceptibility of different samples 6 to be measured, so that the measurement or the separation based on the density is performed. When the sample to be detected is stably suspended in paramagnetic solution, the axial magnetic suspension can be simplified into a two-dimensional axisymmetric model, and the magnetic field force F_magThe components in the radial (r-direction) and axial (z-direction) directions can be expressed as：

Axial force F_magzWith radial force F_magrTogether determine the position of the sample to be measured, wherein the axial force determines the suspension height of the sample to be measured, and the radial force determines whether the sample can be suspended on the central shaft.

Magnetic field force F_magAnd buoyancy corrected gravity F_gAre respectively:

F_g＝(ρ_s-ρ_m)Vg

equilibrium equation F by stable suspension_mag＝F_gObtaining the density rho of the sample to be measured_sComprises the following steps:

wherein, χ_sHexix-_mRespectively representing the magnetic susceptibility of the sample to be measured and the paramagnetic solution, V is the volume of the sample to be measured, mu₀Is the magnetic permeability in vacuum (4 π × 10)^-7N/A²) And B represents the magnetic flux density,is Hamiltonian, rho x represents the density of paramagnetic solution;

according to the above equation, in an axial magnetic levitation system, MnCl is 2.0M₂The solution is used as a background medium solution to perform density measurement simulation, and the relation curve of the suspension height h and the density under different separation distances in a high-sensitivity measurement functional area is shown in fig. 4. The separation distance d is 105mm and is a linear measurement,the density distribution in this case has a linear character; the separation distance d is 135mm, and the nonlinear measurement is carried out, so that the working interval and the sensitivity are further increased; the measurement is too non-linear when d is 150mm, and although the working range and the sensitivity are still increased, the radial force is not towards the central axis of the container any more, so that the sample to be measured can not be stabilized on the central axis, and further separation operation can be carried out but the measurement cannot be used for density measurement. Therefore, for the high-sensitivity measurement area of the axial magnetic suspension, the separation distance can be adjusted according to different functional requirements, so that different measurement functions are achieved.

To further illustrate the advantages of the present device, a measurement sensitivity S is defined_h(mm/[g/cm³]) The increase in sensitivity of the new measurement interval is illustrated as an analytical indicator, S_hThe calculation formula of (2) is as follows:

in fig. 5(a) and 5(b), the sensitivity of density measurement in an axial magnetic levitation system using a conventional measurement functional region and a high-sensitivity measurement functional region provided by the present invention, respectively, is compared. Wherein, FIG. 5(a) shows the sensitivity S in the linear functional region, the non-linear functional region and the non-linear functional region in the conventional measuring region of the axial magnetic suspension system, and in the high-sensitivity measuring functional region_hA graph relating height h; FIG. 5(b) is the sensitivity S in the linear functional zone, the non-linear functional zone and the non-linear functional zone in the high sensitivity measuring zone of the axial magnetic suspension system in the invention_hAnd height h.

The peak of the contrast sensitivity curve at the center point was found to be a linear measurement interval, and the high sensitivity measurement region d in the present invention was 105mm (-27800 mm/[ g/cm ]³]) The sensitivity at the center point is 20mm (198 mm/[ g/cm) higher than that of the traditional measurement functional area d³]) The sensitivity at the center point is increased by a factor of about 140; also, the non-linear measurement interval is the high sensitivity measurement region d of 135mm (87500 mm/[ g/cm) in the present invention³]) At the central pointThe sensitivity of the sensor is 30mm (947 mm/[ g/cm) higher than that of the traditional measurement functional area d³]) The sensitivity at the center point is improved by a factor of about 92.

It will be understood by those skilled in the art that the foregoing is only a preferred embodiment of the present invention, and is not intended to limit the invention, and that any modification, equivalent replacement, or improvement made within the spirit and principle of the present invention should be included in the scope of the present invention.