阅读说明：本技术 包胶介子、电枢结构及电机 (Rubber-coated meson, armature structure and motor ) 是由 林涛 李明良 于 2020-05-29 设计创作，主要内容包括：本发明属于电机技术领域,尤其涉及一种包胶介子、电枢结构及电机,包胶介子包括金属介子和绝缘件,金属介子包括套接环和围设于套接环外周的阻挡环,套接环用于套设于电枢轴上以阻挡油朝向换向器渗透,绝缘件包裹于阻挡环的外表面并用于阻挡换向器的铜巴与金属介子电接触。通过在阻挡环的外周直接包裹绝缘件,这样在安装时,使得换向器的铜巴与电枢轴之间的爬电距离大大增大,有效地解决了因导电物质粘附带来的绝缘耐压能力下降的问题；并且,通过直接在金属介子上设置绝缘件形成一个本发明的包胶介子同时具有防油和绝缘的功能,那么在电机装配时,只需安装一个本发明的包胶介子即可,减少了一道组装工序,提升了装配效率。(The invention belongs to the technical field of motors, and particularly relates to an encapsulated meson, an armature structure and a motor. The periphery of the stop ring is directly wrapped with the insulating part, so that when the commutator is installed, the creepage distance between the copper bar of the commutator and the armature shaft is greatly increased, and the problem of reduction of the insulation and voltage resistance caused by adhesion of a conductive substance is effectively solved; in addition, the insulating piece is directly arranged on the metal meson to form the rubber-coated meson provided by the invention, and the rubber-coated meson has oil-proof and insulating functions, so that only one rubber-coated meson is required to be installed during motor assembly, an assembly process is reduced, and the assembly efficiency is improved.)

1. An encapsulated meson, which is characterized in that: the metal meson comprises a sleeving ring and a blocking ring arranged on the periphery of the sleeving ring in a surrounding mode, the sleeving ring is used for being sleeved on an armature shaft to prevent oil from permeating towards a commutator, and the insulating piece wraps the outer surface of the blocking ring and is used for preventing a copper bar of the commutator from being in electric contact with the metal meson.

2. The encapsulated meson of claim 1, wherein: the insulating part is formed by plastic material injection molding on the outer surface of the stop ring.

3. The encapsulated meson of claim 2, wherein: the insulating part is formed by injection molding of liquid crystal polymer, polyamide, polybutylene terephthalate, polyethylene terephthalate, poly-p-phenylene terephthalamide or polyphenylene sulfide on the outer surface of the barrier ring.

4. The encapsulated meson of claim 1, wherein: the stop ring is provided with an end face far away from the splicing ring and a side face between the end face and the splicing ring, and at least one notch is arranged on the end face and/or the side face.

5. The encapsulated meson of claim 4, wherein: the notch extends from the end face toward the socket ring.

6. The encapsulated meson of claim 5, wherein: the notch penetrates through the side face in the axial direction of the metal meson.

7. The encapsulated meson of claim 4, wherein: the notch is positioned on at least one of the side surfaces or penetrates between the two side surfaces.

8. The encapsulated meson according to any of claims 1 to 7, wherein: at least one end of the sleeving ring protrudes out of the side face of the blocking ring along the central axis direction of the sleeving ring.

9. The encapsulated meson according to any of claims 1 to 7, wherein: the insulating part includes wainscot structure and outer loop structure that two intervals set up, two the periphery of wainscot structure all with outer loop structure connects, two wainscot structure with outer loop structure encloses jointly to establish and forms and is used for the installation the installing zone of barrier ring, outer loop structure orientation one of them side protrusion setting of wainscot structure.

10. The encapsulated meson according to any of claims 1 to 7, wherein: at least one annular groove wound on the periphery of the sleeving ring is arranged on the outer surface of the insulating part.

11. An armature structure, characterized in that: the rubber-coated meson comprises an armature shaft, a commutator and the rubber-coated meson as claimed in any one of claims 1 to 10, wherein the commutator is installed on the armature shaft, the sleeve ring is sleeved on the armature shaft and is in interference connection with the armature shaft, the sleeve ring is located at the end part of the commutator, and the copper bar of the commutator is abutted to the insulating part.

12. An electric machine characterized by: comprising the armature structure of claim 11.

Technical Field

The invention belongs to the technical field of motors, and particularly relates to a rubber-coated meson, an armature structure and a motor.

Background

In the permanent magnet direct current brush motor, an oil-proof meson is required to be added at the end part of the commutator 40A on the armature shaft 30A to prevent bearing oil from seeping into a groove between copper bars 41A of the commutator 40A, and carbon powder is attached to the surface of oil after the oil seeps into the groove of the commutator 40A, so that the creepage distance between two adjacent copper bars 41A (which is the shortest path between two conductive parts or between a conductive part and an equipment protection interface measured along an insulating surface) is reduced, and finally the armature shaft 30A of the motor is short-circuited and burns down the motor.

As shown in fig. 4, the conventional oil-proof meson generally comprises a metal oil-proof meson 60 and an insulating meson 70, wherein the metal oil-proof meson 60 is sleeved on the upper pivot 30A and is in interference connection with the upper pivot 30A for blocking oil, and the insulating meson 70 is sleeved on the upper pivot 30A and is located between the commutator 40A and the metal oil-proof meson 60 for preventing the metal oil-proof meson 60 from being in electrical contact with the copper bar 41A of the commutator 40A. However, after the conductive substance is attached to the surface of the insulating medium 70, the leakage failure of the motor is easily caused, and the insulation and high voltage resistance of the motor are deteriorated even if the leakage failure is not caused.

Disclosure of Invention

The invention aims to provide a rubber-coated meson, an armature structure and a motor, and aims to solve the technical problem that the creepage distance between a copper bar of a commutator and a metal meson is small in the prior art, and the motor is easy to leak electricity.

In order to achieve the purpose, the invention adopts the technical scheme that: the rubber-coated meson comprises a metal meson and an insulating piece, wherein the metal meson comprises a sleeving ring and a blocking ring arranged on the periphery of the sleeving ring in a surrounding mode, the sleeving ring is used for being sleeved on an armature shaft to block oil from permeating towards a commutator, and the insulating piece is wrapped on the outer surface of the blocking ring and used for blocking a copper bar of the commutator from being in electric contact with the metal meson.

Optionally, the insulating member is formed by injecting a plastic material on an outer surface of the blocking ring.

Optionally, the insulation member is formed by injection molding of a liquid crystal polymer, polyamide, polybutylene terephthalate, polyethylene terephthalate, poly-p-phenylene terephthalamide, or polyphenylene sulfide on the outer surface of the barrier ring.

Optionally, the blocking ring has an end face located away from the collar ring and a side face located between the end face and the collar ring, and at least one notch is provided on the end face and/or the side face.

Optionally, the indentation extends from the end face towards the socket ring.

Optionally, the notch penetrates through the side surface in the axial direction of the metal meson.

Optionally, the notch is located on at least one of the side faces or extends between the two side faces.

Optionally, at least one end of the collar ring protrudes from a side surface of the blocking ring along a central axis direction of the collar ring.

Optionally, the insulating part includes two facing structures and outer ring structure that the interval set up, two the periphery of facing structure all with outer ring structure is connected, two facing structure with outer ring structure encloses jointly and establishes and is used for installing the installing zone of barrier ring, outer ring structure orientation one of them side protrusion setting of facing structure.

Optionally, the outer surface of the insulating member is provided with at least one annular groove around the periphery of the coupling ring.

The rubber-coated meson provided by the embodiment of the invention has the following beneficial effects: compared with the prior art, the rubber-coated meson directly wraps the insulating part on the periphery of the stop ring, so that a creepage distance is formed from the position where the copper bar of the commutator is abutted to one side of the insulating part to the position where the copper bar is positioned on the other side of the insulating part, the creepage distance is a + b + c, the creepage distance is greatly increased, the problem of reduction of the insulation and voltage resistance caused by adhesion of a conductive substance is effectively solved, and the use effect is good; in addition, the insulating piece is directly arranged on the metal meson to form the rubber-coated meson provided by the embodiment of the invention, and the rubber-coated meson has oil-proof and insulating functions, so that only one rubber-coated meson provided by the embodiment of the invention needs to be installed when the motor is assembled, a process is reduced for assembling the motor, and the assembling efficiency is effectively improved.

The embodiment of the invention provides another technical scheme that: an armature structure comprises an armature shaft, a commutator and the rubber-coated meson, wherein the commutator is arranged on the armature shaft, the sleeve ring is sleeved on the armature shaft and is in interference connection with the armature shaft, the sleeve ring is positioned at the end part of the commutator, and a copper bar of the commutator is abutted against the insulating part.

According to the armature structure provided by the embodiment of the invention, as the rubber-coated meson is used, the sleeve ring is in interference connection with the armature shaft, so that the bearing oil is blocked from permeating towards the commutator; then because the copper bar of commutator is located one side of insulating part, form creepage distance from the position of the copper bar of commutator and one side butt of insulating part to being located between the opposite side of insulating part like this, its creepage distance is a + b + c, creepage distance increases greatly, has solved the problem that the insulating withstand voltage ability that brings because of the conductive material adhesion descends effectively, excellent in use effect.

The embodiment of the invention provides another technical scheme that: an electric machine comprises the armature structure.

The motor of the embodiment of the invention has the armature structure, so that the armature shaft can be effectively prevented from forming electric contact with copper bars in the use process, the short circuit of the motor is prevented, and the use is safe.

Drawings

In order to more clearly illustrate the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention, the drawings needed to be used in the embodiments or the prior art descriptions will be briefly described below, and it is obvious that the drawings in the following description are only some embodiments of the present invention, and it is obvious for those skilled in the art to obtain other drawings based on these drawings without inventive exercise.

Fig. 1 is a schematic structural diagram of an armature structure provided in an embodiment of the present invention;

FIG. 2 is an exploded view of the armature structure of FIG. 1;

FIG. 3 is a schematic view of the partial cross-sectional structure of FIG. 1;

FIG. 4 is a partial cross-sectional structural schematic view of a prior art armature construction;

FIG. 5 is a schematic structural diagram of one embodiment of the metal meson in FIG. 2;

FIG. 6 is a schematic structural diagram of another embodiment of the metal meson in FIG. 2;

FIG. 7 is a schematic structural diagram of another embodiment of the metal meson in FIG. 2;

FIG. 8 is a schematic structural diagram of another embodiment of the metal meson in FIG. 2;

FIG. 9 is a schematic structural diagram of an encapsulated meson according to an embodiment of the present invention;

FIG. 10 is a schematic cross-sectional view of FIG. 9;

fig. 11 is a schematic structural diagram of an encapsulated meson according to an embodiment of the present invention;

FIG. 12 is a schematic cross-sectional view of FIG. 11;

fig. 13 is a schematic structural diagram of another embodiment of an encapsulated meson according to an embodiment of the present invention;

FIG. 14 is a schematic cross-sectional view of FIG. 13;

fig. 15 is a schematic structural diagram of another embodiment of an encapsulated meson according to an embodiment of the present invention;

fig. 16 is a schematic cross-sectional view of fig. 15.

Wherein, in the figures, the respective reference numerals:

10-metal meson; 11-a socket ring; 12-a blocking ring; 121-end face; 122-side; 123-a notch; 20-an insulating member; 21-veneering structure; 22-outer ring structure; 211-annular groove; 30-armature shaft; 40, a commutator; 41-copper bar; 50-an auxiliary metal meson; 60-metal oil repellants; 70-insulating meson.

Detailed Description

Reference will now be made in detail to embodiments of the present invention, examples of which are illustrated in the accompanying drawings, wherein like or similar reference numerals refer to the same or similar elements or elements having the same or similar function throughout. The embodiments described below with reference to fig. 1-16 are exemplary and intended to be illustrative of the invention and should not be construed as limiting the invention.

In the description of the present invention, it is to be understood that the terms "length", "width", "upper", "lower", "front", "rear", "left", "right", "vertical", "horizontal", "top", "bottom", "inner", "outer", and the like, indicate orientations or positional relationships based on the orientations or positional relationships illustrated in the drawings, and are used merely for convenience in describing the present invention and for simplicity in description, and do not indicate or imply that the devices or elements referred to must have a particular orientation, be constructed in a particular orientation, and be operated, and thus, are not to be construed as limiting the present invention.

Furthermore, the terms "first", "second" and "first" are used for descriptive purposes only and are not to be construed as indicating or implying relative importance or implicitly indicating the number of technical features indicated. Thus, a feature defined as "first" or "second" may explicitly or implicitly include one or more of that feature. In the description of the present invention, "a plurality" means two or more unless specifically defined otherwise.

In the present invention, unless otherwise expressly stated or limited, the terms "mounted," "connected," "secured," and the like are to be construed broadly and can, for example, be fixedly connected, detachably connected, or integrally formed; can be mechanically or electrically connected; either directly or indirectly through intervening media, either internally or in any other relationship. The specific meanings of the above terms in the present invention can be understood by those skilled in the art according to specific situations.

As shown in fig. 4, the conventional oil-proof meson includes a metal oil-proof meson 60, an insulating meson 70 and an auxiliary metal meson 50A, and the metal oil-proof meson 60 is connected to the insulating meson 70, so that the creepage distance (indicated by the thick line in the figure) between the copper bar 41A of the commutator 40A and the metal oil-proof meson 60 is small, and the creepage distance is d + f, and after a conductive substance is attached to the surface of the insulating meson 70, the leakage failure of the motor is easily caused, and even if the failure is not caused, the insulation and high voltage resistance of the motor are also deteriorated.

As shown in fig. 3, 9 and 10, the encapsulated meson provided by the embodiment of the present invention will now be described. The rubber-coated meson comprises a metal meson 10 and an insulating piece 20, wherein the metal meson 10 comprises a sleeving ring 11 and a blocking ring 12 arranged around the circumference of the sleeving ring 11, the sleeving ring 11 is used for sleeving the armature shaft 30 to block oil from permeating towards the commutator 40, and the insulating piece 20 is wrapped on the outer surface of the blocking ring 12 and used for blocking a copper bar 41 of the commutator 40 from being in electrical contact with the metal meson 10.

Compared with the prior art, the encapsulation meson provided by the embodiment of the invention has the advantages that the insulation member 20 is directly wrapped on the periphery of the barrier ring 12, so that creepage distances (shown by thick lines in the figure) are formed from the position where the copper bar 41 of the commutator 40 is abutted against one side of the insulation member 20 to the position where the copper bar is positioned on the other side of the insulation member 20, the creepage distances are respectively a first creepage path a extending outwards along the radial direction from one side of the insulation member 20 far away from the commutator 40, a second creepage path b extending from the distance between two side surfaces of the insulation member 20, and a third creepage path c extending inwards along the radial direction from the end part of the insulation member 20 close to one side of the commutator 40 to the copper bar, the sum of the creepage distances is a + b + c, the creepage distances are greatly increased, the problem of reduction of the insulation and voltage resistance caused by the adhesion of conductive substances is effectively solved, and the; in addition, the insulating part 20 is directly arranged on the metal meson 10 to form the rubber-coated meson provided by the embodiment of the invention, and the rubber-coated meson has oil-proof and insulating functions, so that only one rubber-coated meson provided by the embodiment of the invention needs to be installed when a motor is assembled, a process is reduced for assembling the motor, and the assembling efficiency is effectively improved.

In another embodiment of the present invention, the insulating member 20 is formed by injection molding a plastic material on the outer surface of the blocking ring 12. Specifically, through making the better plastic material of insulating properties directly mould plastics at the surface that blocks the face, can make insulating part 20 can wrap up the surface at barrier ring 12 well, be difficult for droing in the vibrations service environment that lasts, have shockproof effect well to and also be difficult for droing under high low temperature's impact, excellent in use effect. The process is simple and the manufacturing cost is low.

In another embodiment of the present invention, the insulator 20 is made of Liquid Crystal Polymer (LCP), Polyamide (PA), polybutylene terephthalate (PBT)eTerephthalate), Polyethylene Terephthalate (PET), Polyphthalamide (PPA) or Polyphenylene Sulfide (PPS) is injection-molded on the outer surface of the barrier ring 12. Specifically, by using a resistivity of 10¹³Omega m liquid crystal polymer injection molding insulator 20, so that the specific resistance of 10 is used under the condition that the thickness of the insulator 20 is not changed⁸The high-voltage resistance of the existing product of the omega-m phenolic resin on the insulating layer is improved by 150 percent, and better insulating and voltage-resisting capability is formed. Of course, the insulating member 20 can also be made of polyamide, polybutylene terephthalate, polyethylene terephthalate, polyterephthalamide or polyphenylene sulfide with better resistivity by injection molding, so as to form better insulation and voltage resistance.

In another embodiment of the present invention, as shown in fig. 5 to 8, the stop ring 12 has an end surface 121 located far away from the socket ring 11 and a side surface 122 located between the end surface 121 and the socket ring 11, and at least one notch 123 is provided on the end surface 121 and/or the side surface 122. Specifically, through setting up breach 123 on barrier ring 12, when moulding plastics the plastic material to on the terminal surface 121 and the side 122 of bell and spigot ring 11 like this, will have partial plastic material to fill in breach 123, like this when the plastic material solidification forms insulating part 20, just so make insulating part 20's partial structure can block and establish in breach 123 to make insulating part 20 can wrap up well on barrier ring 12, be difficult for droing, the shockproof effect is fabulous. The shape of the notch 123 may be a dovetail groove shape, a circular shape, a rectangular shape, an irregular polygon shape, or the like, and may be set as required. The number of the gaps 123 can be multiple according to the requirement, and the gaps 123 can be uniformly and regularly arranged or irregularly arranged.

In another embodiment of the invention, as shown in fig. 8, the notch 123 extends from the end face 121 towards the ferrule 11. Specifically, the notch 123 may be a cavity with a single-side opening at the end face 121, that is, the notch 123 is located between the two side faces 122, so that when plastic is injected, the plastic material is filled in the cavity, and after the plastic material is hardened to form the insulating member 20, a wedge inserted into the cavity is formed at the position of the insulating member 20 located in the cavity, which can effectively increase the adhesion between the insulating member 20 and the socket ring 11, so that the insulating member 20 is not easily separated from the socket ring 11.

In another embodiment of the present invention, as shown in fig. 5, the notch 123 penetrates the side surface 122 in the axial direction of the metal insert 10. Specifically, a notch 123 which is communicated with the outside is formed on the edge cutting part structure of the barrier ring 12, so that the insulating piece 20 formed after plastic injection can enable part of the structure of the insulating piece 20 to be clamped in the notch 123 to form crossed connection with the barrier ring 12, and the insulating piece 20 can be favorably wrapped on the barrier ring 12. The distance between the openings of the gap 123 at the end surface 121 is set to be smaller than the maximum distance between the two side walls inside the gap 123, so that the cross portion between the formed insulating member 20 and the blocking ring 12 can be well clamped in the gap 123, and the insulating member 20 is prevented from falling off the blocking ring 12. Moreover, the notch 123 is easy to process and low in processing cost.

In another embodiment of the present invention, as shown in fig. 6 and 7, the notch 123 is located on at least one of the side surfaces 122 or penetrates between the two side surfaces 122. Specifically, the notch 123 may be a groove disposed on the side surface 122, so that the insulating member 20 can be well clamped on the blocking ring 12; certainly, the gap 123 may also penetrate between the two side surfaces 122 of the blocking ring 12, so that the injection-molded insulating element 20 has a partial structure completely embedded in the blocking ring 12, and the insulating element 20 can be prevented from falling off in a complex vibration environment, and the using effect is good.

In another embodiment of the present invention, as shown in fig. 5 and 10, at least one end of the thimble 11 is disposed to protrude from the side surface 122 of the stop ring 12 along the central axis direction of the thimble 11. Specifically, by increasing the length of one end or both ends of the ferrule 11 in the axial direction of the ferrule 11, the matching surface between the ferrule 11 and the armature shaft 30 can be effectively increased, and the length of the matching surface is increased by 80%, so that the ferrule 11 is more stably sleeved on the armature shaft 30, the push-out force is increased by 20%, and the ferrule is more firm under the impact of vibration and high and low temperatures.

In another embodiment of the present invention, as shown in fig. 12, 14 and 16, the insulating member 20 includes two facing structures 21 and an outer ring structure 22 which are arranged at intervals, the peripheries of the two facing structures 21 are connected with the outer ring structure 22, the two facing structures 21 and the outer ring structure 22 together enclose a mounting area for mounting the barrier ring 12, and the outer ring structure 22 is arranged to protrude towards the side of one of the facing structures 21. Specifically, the facing structure 21 of the insulator 20 is disposed against the side surface 122 of the blocker ring 12, and the outer ring structure 22 is disposed around the end surface 121 of the blocker ring 12, thus wrapping around the outer surface of the blocker ring 12. The oil penetration path on the armature shaft 30 is shown by the bold arrow in fig. 3, and then the outer ring structure 22 is protruded towards the side of one of the facing structures 21, that is, a step or bowl shape is formed between the outer ring structure 22 and the facing structure 21, so that the creepage distance between the copper bar 41 of the commutator 40 and the armature shaft 30 can be further increased, and the formed annular step or bowl-shaped cavity can be used for storing oil or carbon powder and other impurities, and the occurrence of short circuit of the armature shaft 30 can be greatly reduced. The outer ring structure 22 protrudes towards the direction departing from the copper bar 41 of the commutator 40, that is, the formed annular step-shaped or bowl-shaped concave cavity is arranged opposite to the copper bar 41 of the commutator 40, so that on the premise of ensuring the increase of the creepage distance, sundries such as oil stains or carbon powder can be blocked and stored on one side away from the copper bar 41 of the commutator 40, the short circuit of the armature shaft 30 is avoided, and the motor is ensured to run safely and stably.

In another embodiment of the present invention, as shown in fig. 3, 15 and 16, the insulator 20 is provided on its outer surface with at least one annular groove 211 around the outer circumference of the ferrule 11. Specifically, as shown by the bold arrows in fig. 3, the oil penetration path on the armature shaft 30 is provided with the annular groove 211 on the outer surface of the insulating member 20, so that the creepage distance between the copper bar 41 of the commutator 40 and the armature shaft 30 can be further increased, and the annular groove 211 can be used for storing oil or carbon powder and other impurities, so that the occurrence of short circuit of the armature shaft 30 can be greatly reduced. Wherein, through making annular groove 211 be located insulating part 20 towards the one side of keeping away from commutator 40 copper bar 41, can guarantee to increase under the prerequisite of creepage distance like this for debris such as greasy dirt or carbon dust can be blockked to be stored in the one side of keeping away from commutator 40 copper bar 41, avoid the condition of armature shaft 30 short circuit to appear, guarantee that the motor is safe, operate steadily.

As shown in fig. 1 to 3, an armature structure is further provided in an embodiment of the present invention, including an armature shaft 30, a commutator 40, and the above rubber-coated meson, where the commutator 40 is installed on the armature shaft 30, the sleeve ring 11 is sleeved on the armature shaft 30 and is in interference connection with the armature shaft 30, the sleeve ring 11 is located at an end of the commutator 40, and the copper bar 41 of the commutator 40 is abutted to the insulator 20.

In the armature structure of the embodiment of the invention, because the rubber-coated meson is used, the sleeve ring 11 is in interference connection with the armature shaft 30, so that the bearing oil is blocked from permeating towards the commutator 40; then, because the copper bar 41 of the commutator 40 is positioned on one side of the insulating member 20, a creepage distance is formed from the position where the copper bar 41 of the commutator 40 is abutted against one side of the insulating member 20 to the position where the copper bar 41 is positioned on the other side of the insulating member 20, the creepage distance is a + b + c, the creepage distance is greatly increased (by 2.55 times), the problem of reduction of the insulation and voltage resistance caused by adhesion of a conductive substance is effectively solved, and the use effect is good.

As shown in fig. 1 to 3, an embodiment of the invention further provides a motor including the armature structure.

The motor of the embodiment of the invention can effectively prevent the armature shaft 30 from forming electric contact with the copper bar 41 in the using process due to the use of the armature structure, so as to prevent the motor from short circuit and ensure safe use.

The motor of the embodiment of the invention further comprises an auxiliary metal meson 50, the auxiliary metal meson 50 is sleeved on the armature shaft 30 and is positioned at one end, away from the commutator 40, of the sleeving ring 11, the auxiliary metal meson 50 is abutted with the insulating piece 20, and in the using process, the insulating piece 20 enables the auxiliary metal meson 50 and the copper bar 41 of the commutator 40 to form electric insulation so as to prevent the motor from being short-circuited and is safe to use.

The above description is only for the purpose of illustrating the preferred embodiments of the present invention and is not to be construed as limiting the invention, and any modifications, equivalents and improvements made within the spirit and principle of the present invention are intended to be included within the scope of the present invention.