阅读说明：本技术 一种高分子物理发泡物、方法及其发泡装置 (Polymer physical foaming material, method and foaming device thereof ) 是由 胡志飞 郑孙兴 李图文 于 2021-07-16 设计创作，主要内容包括：本发明公开了一种高分子物理发泡物、方法及其发泡装置,涉及物理发泡技术领域,其技术方案要点包括如下重量份的组分：热塑性弹性体62-80份；空心微球6-18份；环氧树脂7.6-9.4份；小分子多元醇4.3-5.2份；蒸馏水0.6-1份；其中,所述小分子多元醇为赤藓醇、D-山梨醇、乙二醇、丙二醇、丁二醇、肌醇、甘油和木糖醇中的一种。本发明具有在结合空心微球和高压气体浸渗完成物理发泡,并在空心微球的使用中,结合小分子多元醇和蒸馏水的水解与热塑性弹性体和环氧树脂的熔融电离获取具有显著提升回弹性能和提高弹性维持率效果的高分子物理发泡物。(The invention discloses a polymer physical foaming material, a method and a foaming device thereof, relating to the technical field of physical foaming, and the key points of the technical scheme are that the polymer physical foaming material comprises the following components in parts by weight: 62-80 parts of thermoplastic elastomer; 6-18 parts of hollow microspheres; 7.6-9.4 parts of epoxy resin; 4.3-5.2 parts of micromolecular polyol; 0.6-1 part of distilled water; wherein the small molecular polyol is one of erythritol, D-sorbitol, ethylene glycol, propylene glycol, butylene glycol, inositol, glycerol and xylitol. The invention combines the hollow microspheres and the high-pressure gas infiltration to complete physical foaming, and combines the hydrolysis of micromolecule polyol and distilled water and the melting ionization of thermoplastic elastomer and epoxy resin to obtain the macromolecular physical foaming material with the effects of obviously improving the resilience and the elastic retention rate in the use of the hollow microspheres.)

1. The polymer physical foaming material is characterized by comprising the following components in parts by weight:

62-80 parts of thermoplastic elastomer;

6-18 parts of hollow microspheres;

7.6-9.4 parts of epoxy resin;

4.3-5.2 parts of micromolecular polyol;

0.6-1 part of distilled water;

wherein the small molecular polyol is one of erythritol, D-sorbitol, ethylene glycol, propylene glycol, butylene glycol, inositol, glycerol and xylitol.

2. The physical polymer foam according to claim 1, wherein: the thermoplastic elastomer is at least one of thermoplastic polyurethane, thermoplastic polyester elastomer, thermoplastic polyvinyl chloride elastomer and thermoplastic fluororubber.

3. The physical polymer foam according to claim 1, wherein: the hollow microspheres are at least one of hollow glass microspheres, hollow ceramic microspheres or fly ash.

4. The physical polymer foam according to claim 1, wherein: the epoxy resin is formed by mixing linear alicyclic group and at least one of glycidyl ester, glycidyl ether and glycidyl amine in any proportion.

5. A method for physically foaming a polymer, comprising:

introducing 62-80 parts by weight of thermoplastic elastomer and 7.6-9.4 parts by weight of epoxy resin into a mixer, and uniformly mixing to obtain a mixed primary material;

melting the mixed primary material, and ionizing by an ionization device to form a molten charged substance;

adding 6-18 parts by weight of hollow microspheres into a reaction kettle, heating to the temperature of 300-360 ℃, calcining for 10-20min, taking out the hollow microspheres after the calcination, and cooling to the room temperature in a natural state;

mixing 4.3-5.2 parts of micromolecular polyol and 0.6-1 part of distilled water by weight, and electrolyzing by an electrolysis device after mixing to form mixed electrolytic ions;

putting the mixed electrolytic ions and the hollow microspheres into a mixing roll, and then mixing, mixing and cooling the mixed electrolytic ions and the molten charged substances in sequence to obtain a blank;

cutting the blank, placing the cut blank into a foaming mould, filling supercritical fluid, and swelling and permeating;

gradually releasing pressure, and sequentially nucleating and foaming the blank to form a microporous macromolecular physical foam;

wherein the swelling and permeating time is 1h, and the saturation pressure of the supercritical fluid is 15-30 MPa.

6. A method for physically foaming a polymer according to claim 5, wherein: the supercritical fluid is at least one of supercritical carbon dioxide, supercritical nitrogen and supercritical nitrogen oxide.

7. A method for physically foaming a polymer according to claim 5, wherein: the step-by-step pressure relief comprises a first-stage pressure relief section, a second-stage pressure relief section and a third-stage pressure relief section; the pressure relief time of the first-stage pressure relief section is 12-28min, and the pressure relief pressure is 10-20 MPa; the pressure relief time of the secondary pressure relief section is 3-5min, and the pressure relief pressure is 4-10 MPa; and the pressure relief time of the three-stage pressure relief section is 1min until the pressure is relieved to normal pressure.

8. A polymer physical foaming device, comprising:

a mixer for mixing the thermoplastic elastomer and the epoxy resin;

an ionization device for ionizing the molten mixed primary material to form a molten charged species; the reaction kettle is used for calcining the hollow microspheres at high temperature;

the electrolytic device is used for electrolyzing the mixed micromolecule polyalcohol and the distilled water to form mixed electrolytic ions;

the mixing mill is used for mixing, mixing and cooling the mixed electrolytic ions, the hollow microspheres and the molten charged substances to form a blank;

and the foaming mold is used for foaming the blank to form the microcellular macromolecular physical foaming material.

9. The physical polymer foaming device of claim 8, wherein: the ionization device comprises an ionization tube body (1) and a screw rod body (2) inserted in the ionization tube body (1), wherein one end of the ionization tube body (1) is provided with an ionization interface (11) for guiding a molten mixed primary material into the ionization tube body (1), and the other end of the ionization tube body is provided with an ionization guide-out part (12) for guiding out a molten charged substance; the spiral shell body (2) is provided with spiral conveying leaf (21), spiral conveying leaf (21) are followed the axis direction spiral winding of spiral shell body (2) is in on the spiral shell body (2), just spiral conveying leaf (21) are provided with many follow spiral fin body (22) that spiral conveying leaf (21) bilateral symmetry was worn out.

10. The physical polymer foaming device of claim 8, wherein: the electrolysis device comprises a hydrolysis box body (3), a hydrolysis box opening (31) and a liquid inlet hopper (32) positioned at one end of the hydrolysis box opening (31) are arranged at the top of the hydrolysis box body (3), a plurality of plate-shaped electrolysis wires (4) which are sequentially arranged in parallel from top to bottom are arranged on the inner side of the hydrolysis box body (3), the plate-shaped electrolysis wires (4) are obliquely arranged, and the height of one end close to the liquid inlet hopper (32) is higher than that of the other end; the bottom in the hydrolysis box body (3) is provided with bottom guide walls (33), and a hydrolysis outlet (34) is arranged between the bottom guide walls (33).

Technical Field

The invention relates to the technical field of physical foaming, in particular to a high-molecular physical foaming material, a method and a foaming device thereof.

Background

In the process of preparing the foams, it is generally necessary to use blowing agents. Blowing agents include both physical blowing agents and chemical blowing agents.

When the foaming agent is prepared by a physical foaming agent, a proper physical foaming method is required. In brief, the physical foaming method is to foam the plastic by a physical method, and there are generally three methods: (1) firstly, dissolving inert gas in a plastic melt or paste under pressure, and releasing gas through decompression so as to form air holes in the plastic for foaming; (2) foaming by vaporizing a low boiling point liquid dissolved in the polymer melt; (3) and foaming by adding hollow spheres to a plastic to form a foam.

Therefore, the physical foaming agent used in the physical foaming method has relatively low cost, particularly low cost of carbon dioxide and nitrogen, flame retardance and no pollution, and thus has high application value; and the physical foaming agent has no residue after foaming, and has little influence on the performance of the foamed plastic. However, the method needs a special injection molding machine and auxiliary equipment, and has great technical difficulty.

When the foaming agent is prepared by a chemical foaming agent, a corresponding chemical foaming method is required. Briefly, the chemical foaming process uses a chemical process to generate a gas to foam the plastic: heating the chemical foaming agent added into the plastic to decompose and release gas for foaming; in addition, the foaming can also be carried out by means of gases released by chemical reactions between the plastic components.

Chinese patent application publication No. CN108976584A discloses a polymer physical foam obtained by physically foaming a thermoplastic elastomer or a polyolefin material, which is formed by foaming the thermoplastic elastomer or the polyolefin material by heating after impregnating the thermoplastic elastomer or the polyolefin material with a high-pressure gas, and a method for producing the same, wherein the polyolefin material is subjected to a crosslinking reaction before being subjected to the high-pressure gas impregnation to form a crosslinked polyolefin material.

However, the physical foaming of the physical polymer foam is completed only by high-pressure gas impregnation, which causes problems of weak resilience and low elastic retention rate of the entire structure, and thus the use effect of the physical polymer foam is affected and needs to be improved.

Disclosure of Invention

In view of the defects of the prior art, a first object of the present invention is to provide a polymer physical foam having effects of significantly improving resilience and increasing elastic retention rate.

In order to achieve the purpose, the invention provides the following technical scheme:

a high molecular physical foaming material comprises the following components in parts by weight:

62-80 parts of thermoplastic elastomer;

6-18 parts of hollow microspheres;

7.6-9.4 parts of epoxy resin;

4.3-5.2 parts of micromolecular polyol;

0.6-1 part of distilled water;

wherein the small molecular polyol is one of erythritol, D-sorbitol, ethylene glycol, propylene glycol, butylene glycol, inositol, glycerol and xylitol.

The invention is further configured to: the thermoplastic elastomer is at least one of thermoplastic polyurethane, thermoplastic polyester elastomer, thermoplastic polyvinyl chloride elastomer and thermoplastic fluororubber.

The invention is further configured to: the hollow microspheres are at least one of hollow glass microspheres, hollow ceramic microspheres or fly ash.

The invention is further configured to: the epoxy resin is formed by mixing linear alicyclic group and at least one of glycidyl ester, glycidyl ether and glycidyl amine in any proportion.

A second object of the present invention is to provide a method for physically foaming a polymer, comprising:

introducing 62-80 parts by weight of thermoplastic elastomer and 7.6-9.4 parts by weight of epoxy resin into a mixer, and uniformly mixing to obtain a mixed primary material;

melting the mixed primary material, and ionizing by an ionization device to form a molten charged substance;

adding 6-18 parts by weight of hollow microspheres into a reaction kettle, heating to the temperature of 300-360 ℃, calcining for 10-20min, taking out the hollow microspheres after the calcination, and cooling to the room temperature in a natural state;

mixing 4.3-5.2 parts of micromolecular polyol and 0.6-1 part of distilled water by weight, and electrolyzing by an electrolysis device after mixing to form mixed electrolytic ions;

putting the mixed electrolytic ions and the hollow microspheres into a mixing roll, and then mixing, mixing and cooling the mixed electrolytic ions and the molten charged substances in sequence to obtain a blank;

cutting the blank, placing the cut blank into a foaming mould, filling supercritical fluid, and swelling and permeating;

gradually releasing pressure, and sequentially nucleating and foaming the blank to form a microporous macromolecular physical foam;

wherein the swelling and permeating time is 1h, and the saturation pressure of the supercritical fluid is 15-30 MPa.

The invention is further configured to: the supercritical fluid is at least one of supercritical carbon dioxide, supercritical nitrogen and supercritical nitrogen oxide.

The invention is further configured to: the step-by-step pressure relief comprises a first-stage pressure relief section, a second-stage pressure relief section and a third-stage pressure relief section; the pressure relief time of the first-stage pressure relief section is 12-28min, and the pressure relief pressure is 10-20 MPa; the pressure relief time of the secondary pressure relief section is 3-5min, and the pressure relief pressure is 4-10 MPa; and the pressure relief time of the three-stage pressure relief section is 1min until the pressure is relieved to normal pressure.

A third object of the present invention is to provide a polymer physical foaming apparatus, comprising:

a mixer for mixing the thermoplastic elastomer and the epoxy resin;

an ionization device for ionizing the molten mixed primary material to form a molten charged species;

the reaction kettle is used for calcining the hollow microspheres at high temperature;

the electrolytic device is used for electrolyzing the mixed micromolecule polyalcohol and the distilled water to form mixed electrolytic ions;

the mixing mill is used for mixing, mixing and cooling the mixed electrolytic ions, the hollow microspheres and the molten charged substances to form a blank;

and the foaming mold is used for foaming the blank to form the microcellular macromolecular physical foaming material.

The invention is further configured to: the ionization device comprises an ionization tube body and a screw rod body inserted in the ionization tube body, wherein one end of the ionization tube body is provided with an ionization interface for guiding the molten mixed primary material into the ionization tube body, and the other end of the ionization tube body is provided with an ionization guide-out part for guiding out the molten charged matter; the spiral conveying device is characterized in that the spiral rod body is provided with spiral conveying blades, the spiral conveying blades are spirally wound on the spiral rod body along the axis direction of the spiral rod body, and the spiral conveying blades are provided with a plurality of spiral fins which are symmetrically penetrated out from two sides of each spiral conveying blade.

Through adopting above-mentioned technical scheme, ionization device will carry the mixed elementary material of melting in the time, carry out lasting and effectual ionization to the mixed elementary material of melting through spiral delivery leaf and spiral fin to show the mixing uniformity who promotes the mixed elementary material of melting, in order to obtain the even melt-charged thing of misce bene.

The invention is further configured to: the electrolytic device comprises a hydrolysis box body, the top of the hydrolysis box body is provided with a hydrolysis box opening and a liquid inlet hopper positioned at one end of the hydrolysis box opening, the inner side of the hydrolysis box body is provided with a plurality of plate-shaped electrolytic wires which are sequentially arranged in parallel from top to bottom, the plate-shaped electrolytic wires are arranged in an inclined manner, and the height of one end close to the liquid inlet hopper is higher than that of the other end; the bottom in the hydrolysis box body is provided with bottom guide walls, and a hydrolysis outlet is arranged between the bottom guide walls.

By adopting the technical scheme, when the micromolecule polyol and the distilled water enter the hydrolysis box body through the liquid inlet hopper, the micromolecule polyol and the distilled water firstly fall into the higher end of the plate-shaped electrolytic wire positioned at the uppermost side, so that the part of the micromolecule polyol and the distilled water moving along the plate-shaped electrolytic wire positioned at the uppermost side is effectively hydrolyzed, the part of the micromolecule polyol and the distilled water falls into the plate-shaped electrolytic wire positioned at the next layer for further hydrolysis, and then the full hydrolysis is realized after the step-by-step hydrolysis, so that the micromolecule polyol and the distilled water are continuously mixed, mixed and cooled with the hollow microspheres and the molten charged substances to form the blank.

In conclusion, the invention has the following beneficial effects: the melting mixed primary material is ionized by the ionization device to form a melting charged substance, the mixed micromolecule polyalcohol and distilled water are electrolyzed by the electrolysis device to form mixed electrolyte ions, then the melting charged substance, the mixed electrolyte ions and the hollow microspheres are mixed, mixed and cooled to form a blank, and then the blank is foamed to prepare the high molecular physical foamed substance, and the high molecular physical foamed substance has the effects of remarkably improving the resilience performance and the elastic maintenance rate.

Drawings

Fig. 1 is a schematic structural view of an ionization apparatus of the present embodiment;

fig. 2 is a schematic sectional structure view of the ionization apparatus of the present embodiment;

FIG. 3 is a schematic view of the structure of the hydrolysis apparatus of the present embodiment;

fig. 4 is a schematic sectional structure view of the hydrolysis apparatus of the present embodiment.

Description of reference numerals: 1. ionizing the tube body; 11. an ionization interface; 12. an ionization lead-out section; 2. a screw body; 21. a spiral conveying blade; 22. a helical fin body; 3. a hydrolysis box body; 31. a hydrolysis tank opening; 32. a liquid inlet hopper; 33. a bottom guide wall; 34. a hydrolysis outlet; 4. a plate-shaped electrolytic wire.

Detailed Description

In order to make the technical solutions and advantages of the present invention clearer, the present invention will be described in further detail with reference to the accompanying drawings, and it is obvious that the described embodiments are only a part of the embodiments of the present application, not all of the embodiments. All other embodiments, which can be derived by a person skilled in the art from the embodiments given herein without making any creative effort, shall fall within the protection scope of the present application.

The following will specifically describe the polymer physical foamed material, the method and the foaming device thereof according to the embodiment of the present invention:

a high-molecular physical foam comprises, by weight, 62-80 parts of a thermoplastic elastomer, 6-18 parts of hollow microspheres, 7.6-9.4 parts of an epoxy resin, 4.3-5.2 parts of a small-molecular polyol and 0.6-1 part of distilled water. Wherein the thermoplastic elastomer is at least one of thermoplastic polyurethane, thermoplastic polyester elastomer, thermoplastic polyvinyl chloride elastomer and thermoplastic fluororubber. The small molecular polyol is one of erythritol, D-sorbitol, ethylene glycol, propylene glycol, butylene glycol, inositol, glycerol and xylitol. The hollow microspheres are at least one of hollow glass microspheres, hollow ceramic microspheres or fly ash. The epoxy resin is prepared by mixing linear alicyclic group and at least one of glycidyl ester, glycidyl ether and glycidyl amine in any proportion.

A macromolecule physical foaming method comprises introducing 62-80 parts by weight of thermoplastic elastomer and 7.6-9.4 parts by weight of epoxy resin into a mixer, and mixing uniformly to obtain a mixed primary material; melting the mixed primary material, and ionizing by an ionization device to form a molten charged substance; adding 6-18 parts by weight of hollow microspheres into a reaction kettle, heating to the temperature of 300-360 ℃, calcining for 10-20min, taking out the hollow microspheres after the calcination, and cooling to the room temperature in a natural state; mixing 4.3-5.2 parts of micromolecular polyol and 0.6-1 part of distilled water by weight, and electrolyzing by an electrolysis device after mixing to form mixed electrolytic ions; putting the mixed electrolytic ions and the hollow microspheres into a mixing roll, and then mixing, mixing and cooling the mixed electrolytic ions and the molten charged substances in sequence to obtain a blank; cutting the blank, placing the cut blank into a foaming mould, filling supercritical fluid, and swelling and permeating; and gradually releasing pressure, and forming the microcellular macromolecular physical foaming material after the embryo material is subjected to nucleation and foaming in sequence. Wherein the swelling and permeating time is 1h, and the saturation pressure of the supercritical fluid is 15-30 MPa. And the supercritical fluid is at least one of supercritical carbon dioxide, supercritical nitrogen and supercritical nitrogen oxide.

The step-by-step pressure relief comprises a first-stage pressure relief section, a second-stage pressure relief section and a third-stage pressure relief section; the pressure relief time of the first-stage pressure relief section is 12-28min, and the pressure relief pressure is 10-20 MPa; the pressure relief time of the secondary pressure relief section is 3-5min, and the pressure relief pressure is 4-10 MPa; and the pressure relief time of the three-stage pressure relief section is 1min until the pressure is relieved to normal pressure.

A polymer physical foaming device comprises a mixer for mixing thermoplastic elastomer and epoxy resin; an ionization device for ionizing the molten mixed primary material to form a molten charged species; a reaction kettle for calcining the hollow microspheres at high temperature; the electrolytic device is used for electrolyzing the mixed small-molecule polyol and distilled water to form mixed electrolytic ions; the mixing mill is used for mixing, mixing and cooling the mixed electrolyte ions, the hollow microspheres and the molten charged substance to form a blank, and the foaming mold is used for foaming the blank to form the microcellular polymer physical foaming substance.

As shown in fig. 1 and 2, the ionization device includes an ionization tube body 1 and a screw body 2 inserted into the ionization tube body 1, one end of the ionization tube body 1 is provided with an ionization interface 11 for introducing a molten mixed primary material into the ionization tube body 1, and the other end is provided with an ionization lead-out part 12 for leading out a molten charged substance; the screw rod body 2 is provided with a spiral conveying blade 21, the spiral conveying blade 21 is spirally wound on the screw rod body 2 along the axis direction of the screw rod body 2, and the spiral conveying blade 21 is provided with a plurality of spiral fins 22 which are symmetrically penetrated out from two sides of the spiral conveying blade 21. Therefore, the ionization device can continuously and effectively ionize the primary material through the spiral conveying blades 21 and the spiral fins 22 while conveying the primary material to be melt-mixed, and remarkably improve the mixing uniformity of the primary material to be melt-mixed so as to obtain the uniformly-mixed molten charged substance.

As shown in fig. 3 and 4, the electrolysis device comprises a hydrolysis tank body 3, a hydrolysis tank opening 31 and a liquid inlet hopper 32 located at one end of the hydrolysis tank opening 31 are arranged at the top of the hydrolysis tank body 3, a plurality of plate-shaped electrolysis wires 4 are arranged on the inner side of the hydrolysis tank body 3 from top to bottom in parallel in sequence, the plate-shaped electrolysis wires 4 are arranged in an inclined manner, and the height of one end close to the liquid inlet hopper 32 is higher than that of the other end; the bottom of the hydrolysis tank body 3 is provided with bottom guide walls 33, and hydrolysis outlet ports 34 are provided between the bottom guide walls 33. Therefore, when entering the hydrolysis tank 3 through the liquid inlet hopper 32, the small molecule polyol and the distilled water firstly fall into the higher end of the uppermost plate-shaped electrolytic wire 4, so that the part of the small molecule polyol and the distilled water moving along the uppermost plate-shaped electrolytic wire 4 is effectively hydrolyzed, and the part of the small molecule polyol and the distilled water falls onto the next plate-shaped electrolytic wire 4 for further hydrolysis, thereby achieving sufficient hydrolysis after gradual hydrolysis, so as to continue to be mixed, mixed and cooled with the hollow microspheres and the molten charged matter and form a blank.

Example one

A high molecular physical foam comprises 62 parts by weight of thermoplastic elastomer, 6 parts by weight of hollow microspheres, 7.6 parts by weight of epoxy resin, 4.3 parts by weight of small molecular polyol and 0.6 part by weight of distilled water. Wherein the thermoplastic elastomer is formed by mixing thermoplastic polyurethane and thermoplastic polyvinyl chloride elastomer in equal weight parts. The small molecule polyol is glycerol. The hollow microspheres are hollow glass microspheres. And the epoxy resin is formed by mixing linear alicyclic group, glycidyl ester and glycidyl amine in equal weight portion ratio.

A macromolecule physical foaming method comprises introducing 62 parts by weight of thermoplastic elastomer and 7.6 parts by weight of epoxy resin into a mixer, and mixing uniformly to obtain a mixed primary material; melting the mixed primary material, and ionizing by an ionization device to form a molten charged substance; adding 6 parts by weight of hollow microspheres into a reaction kettle, heating to 300 ℃, calcining for 10min, taking out the hollow microspheres after calcining, and cooling to room temperature in a natural state; mixing 4.3 parts by weight of small molecular polyol and 0.6 part by weight of distilled water, and electrolyzing by an electrolysis device after mixing to form mixed electrolytic ions; putting the mixed electrolytic ions and the hollow microspheres into a mixing roll, and then mixing, mixing and cooling the mixed electrolytic ions and the molten charged substances in sequence to obtain a blank; cutting the blank, placing the cut blank into a foaming mould, filling supercritical fluid, and swelling and permeating; and gradually releasing pressure, and forming the microcellular macromolecular physical foaming material after the embryo material is subjected to nucleation and foaming in sequence. Wherein the swelling and permeating time is 1h, and the saturation pressure of the supercritical fluid is 15 MPa. And the supercritical fluid is at least one of supercritical carbon dioxide, supercritical nitrogen and supercritical nitrogen oxide.

The step-by-step pressure relief comprises a first-stage pressure relief section, a second-stage pressure relief section and a third-stage pressure relief section; the pressure relief time of the first-stage pressure relief section is 12min, and the pressure relief pressure is 10 MPa; the pressure relief time of the secondary pressure relief section is 3min, and the pressure relief pressure is 4 MPa; and the pressure relief time of the three-stage pressure relief section is 1min until the pressure is relieved to normal pressure.

A polymer physical foaming device comprises a mixer for mixing thermoplastic elastomer and epoxy resin; an ionization device for ionizing the molten mixed primary material to form a molten charged species; a reaction kettle for calcining the hollow microspheres at high temperature; the electrolytic device is used for electrolyzing the mixed small-molecule polyol and distilled water to form mixed electrolytic ions; the mixing mill is used for mixing, mixing and cooling the mixed electrolyte ions, the hollow microspheres and the molten charged substance to form a blank, and the foaming mold is used for foaming the blank to form the microcellular polymer physical foaming substance.

As shown in fig. 1 and 2, the ionization device includes an ionization tube body 1 and a screw body 2 inserted into the ionization tube body 1, one end of the ionization tube body 1 is provided with an ionization interface 11 for introducing a molten mixed primary material into the ionization tube body 1, and the other end is provided with an ionization lead-out part 12 for leading out a molten charged substance; the screw rod body 2 is provided with a spiral conveying blade 21, the spiral conveying blade 21 is spirally wound on the screw rod body 2 along the axis direction of the screw rod body 2, and the spiral conveying blade 21 is provided with a plurality of spiral fins 22 which are symmetrically penetrated out from two sides of the spiral conveying blade 21. Therefore, the ionization device can continuously and effectively ionize the primary material through the spiral conveying blades 21 and the spiral fins 22 while conveying the primary material to be melt-mixed, and remarkably improve the mixing uniformity of the primary material to be melt-mixed so as to obtain the uniformly-mixed molten charged substance.

As shown in fig. 3 and 4, the electrolysis device comprises a hydrolysis tank body 3, a hydrolysis tank opening 31 and a liquid inlet hopper 32 located at one end of the hydrolysis tank opening 31 are arranged at the top of the hydrolysis tank body 3, a plurality of plate-shaped electrolysis wires 4 are arranged on the inner side of the hydrolysis tank body 3 from top to bottom in parallel in sequence, the plate-shaped electrolysis wires 4 are arranged in an inclined manner, and the height of one end close to the liquid inlet hopper 32 is higher than that of the other end; the bottom of the hydrolysis tank body 3 is provided with bottom guide walls 33, and hydrolysis outlet ports 34 are provided between the bottom guide walls 33. Therefore, when entering the hydrolysis tank 3 through the liquid inlet hopper 32, the small molecule polyol and the distilled water firstly fall into the higher end of the uppermost plate-shaped electrolytic wire 4, so that the part of the small molecule polyol and the distilled water moving along the uppermost plate-shaped electrolytic wire 4 is effectively hydrolyzed, and the part of the small molecule polyol and the distilled water falls onto the next plate-shaped electrolytic wire 4 for further hydrolysis, thereby achieving sufficient hydrolysis after gradual hydrolysis, so as to continue to be mixed, mixed and cooled with the hollow microspheres and the molten charged matter and form a blank.

Example two

A high molecular physical foam comprises 71 parts by weight of thermoplastic elastomer, 12 parts by weight of hollow microspheres, 8.5 parts by weight of epoxy resin, 4.7 parts by weight of small molecular polyol and 0.8 part by weight of distilled water. Wherein the thermoplastic elastomer is thermoplastic polyurethane. The small molecule polyol is inositol. The hollow microspheres are hollow ceramic microspheres. And the epoxy resin is formed by mixing linear alicyclic group, glycidyl ester and glycidyl ether in equal weight portion ratio.

A macromolecule physical foaming method comprises introducing 71 parts by weight of thermoplastic elastomer and 8.5 parts by weight of epoxy resin into a mixer, and mixing uniformly to obtain a mixed primary material; melting the mixed primary material, and ionizing by an ionization device to form a molten charged substance; adding 12 parts by weight of hollow microspheres into a reaction kettle, heating to 330 ℃ for calcining for 15min, taking out the hollow microspheres after the calcining is finished, and cooling to room temperature in a natural state; mixing 4.7 parts by weight of small molecular polyol and 0.8 part by weight of distilled water, and electrolyzing by an electrolysis device after mixing to form mixed electrolytic ions; putting the mixed electrolytic ions and the hollow microspheres into a mixing roll, and then mixing, mixing and cooling the mixed electrolytic ions and the molten charged substances in sequence to obtain a blank; cutting the blank, placing the cut blank into a foaming mould, filling supercritical fluid, and swelling and permeating; and gradually releasing pressure, and forming the microcellular macromolecular physical foaming material after the embryo material is subjected to nucleation and foaming in sequence. Wherein the swelling and permeating time is 1h, and the saturation pressure of the supercritical fluid is 24 MPa. And the supercritical fluid is supercritical nitrogen.

The step-by-step pressure relief comprises a first-stage pressure relief section, a second-stage pressure relief section and a third-stage pressure relief section; the pressure relief time of the first-stage pressure relief section is 20min, and the pressure relief pressure is 15 MPa; the pressure relief time of the secondary pressure relief section is 4min, and the pressure relief pressure is 7 MPa; and the pressure relief time of the three-stage pressure relief section is 1min until the pressure is relieved to normal pressure.

A polymer physical foaming device comprises a mixer for mixing thermoplastic elastomer and epoxy resin; an ionization device for ionizing the molten mixed primary material to form a molten charged species; a reaction kettle for calcining the hollow microspheres at high temperature; the electrolytic device is used for electrolyzing the mixed small-molecule polyol and distilled water to form mixed electrolytic ions; the mixing mill is used for mixing, mixing and cooling the mixed electrolyte ions, the hollow microspheres and the molten charged substance to form a blank, and the foaming mold is used for foaming the blank to form the microcellular polymer physical foaming substance.

As shown in fig. 1 and 2, the ionization device includes an ionization tube body 1 and a screw body 2 inserted into the ionization tube body 1, one end of the ionization tube body 1 is provided with an ionization interface 11 for introducing a molten mixed primary material into the ionization tube body 1, and the other end is provided with an ionization lead-out part 12 for leading out a molten charged substance; the screw rod body 2 is provided with a spiral conveying blade 21, the spiral conveying blade 21 is spirally wound on the screw rod body 2 along the axis direction of the screw rod body 2, and the spiral conveying blade 21 is provided with a plurality of spiral fins 22 which are symmetrically penetrated out from two sides of the spiral conveying blade 21. Therefore, the ionization device can continuously and effectively ionize the primary material through the spiral conveying blades 21 and the spiral fins 22 while conveying the primary material to be melt-mixed, and remarkably improve the mixing uniformity of the primary material to be melt-mixed so as to obtain the uniformly-mixed molten charged substance.

As shown in fig. 3 and 4, the electrolysis device comprises a hydrolysis tank body 3, a hydrolysis tank opening 31 and a liquid inlet hopper 32 located at one end of the hydrolysis tank opening 31 are arranged at the top of the hydrolysis tank body 3, a plurality of plate-shaped electrolysis wires 4 are arranged on the inner side of the hydrolysis tank body 3 from top to bottom in parallel in sequence, the plate-shaped electrolysis wires 4 are arranged in an inclined manner, and the height of one end close to the liquid inlet hopper 32 is higher than that of the other end; the bottom of the hydrolysis tank body 3 is provided with bottom guide walls 33, and hydrolysis outlet ports 34 are provided between the bottom guide walls 33. Therefore, when entering the hydrolysis tank 3 through the liquid inlet hopper 32, the small molecule polyol and the distilled water firstly fall into the higher end of the uppermost plate-shaped electrolytic wire 4, so that the part of the small molecule polyol and the distilled water moving along the uppermost plate-shaped electrolytic wire 4 is effectively hydrolyzed, and the part of the small molecule polyol and the distilled water falls onto the next plate-shaped electrolytic wire 4 for further hydrolysis, thereby achieving sufficient hydrolysis after gradual hydrolysis, so as to continue to be mixed, mixed and cooled with the hollow microspheres and the molten charged matter and form a blank.

EXAMPLE III

A high molecular physical foam comprises 80 parts by weight of thermoplastic elastomer, 18 parts by weight of hollow microspheres, 9.4 parts by weight of epoxy resin, 5.2 parts by weight of small molecular polyol and 1 part by weight of distilled water. Wherein the thermoplastic elastomer is thermoplastic polyester elastomer and thermoplastic fluororubber with equal weight parts. The small molecular polyol is ethylene glycol. The hollow microspheres are hollow glass microspheres. And the epoxy resin is formed by mixing linear alicyclic group, glycidyl ether and glycidyl amine in equal weight portion ratio.

A macromolecule physical foaming method comprises introducing 80 parts by weight of thermoplastic elastomer and 9.4 parts by weight of epoxy resin into a mixer, and mixing uniformly to obtain a mixed primary material; melting the mixed primary material, and ionizing by an ionization device to form a molten charged substance; adding 18 parts by weight of hollow microspheres into a reaction kettle, heating to 360 ℃, calcining for 20min, taking out the hollow microspheres after the calcination, and cooling to room temperature in a natural state; mixing 5.2 parts by weight of small molecular polyol and 1 part by weight of distilled water, and electrolyzing by an electrolysis device after mixing to form mixed electrolytic ions; putting the mixed electrolytic ions and the hollow microspheres into a mixing roll, and then mixing, mixing and cooling the mixed electrolytic ions and the molten charged substances in sequence to obtain a blank; cutting the blank, placing the cut blank into a foaming mould, filling supercritical fluid, and swelling and permeating; and gradually releasing pressure, and forming the microcellular macromolecular physical foaming material after the embryo material is subjected to nucleation and foaming in sequence. Wherein the swelling and permeating time is 1h, and the saturation pressure of the supercritical fluid is 30 MPa. And the supercritical fluid is supercritical nitric oxide.

The step-by-step pressure relief comprises a first-stage pressure relief section, a second-stage pressure relief section and a third-stage pressure relief section; the pressure relief time of the first-stage pressure relief section is 28min, and the pressure relief pressure is 20 MPa; the pressure relief time of the secondary pressure relief section is 5min, and the pressure relief pressure is 10 MPa; and the pressure relief time of the three-stage pressure relief section is 1min until the pressure is relieved to normal pressure.

A polymer physical foaming device comprises a mixer for mixing thermoplastic elastomer and epoxy resin; an ionization device for ionizing the molten mixed primary material to form a molten charged species; a reaction kettle for calcining the hollow microspheres at high temperature; the electrolytic device is used for electrolyzing the mixed small-molecule polyol and distilled water to form mixed electrolytic ions; the mixing mill is used for mixing, mixing and cooling the mixed electrolyte ions, the hollow microspheres and the molten charged substance to form a blank, and the foaming mold is used for foaming the blank to form the microcellular polymer physical foaming substance.

As shown in fig. 1 and 2, the ionization device includes an ionization tube body 1 and a screw body 2 inserted into the ionization tube body 1, one end of the ionization tube body 1 is provided with an ionization interface 11 for introducing a molten mixed primary material into the ionization tube body 1, and the other end is provided with an ionization lead-out part 12 for leading out a molten charged substance; the screw rod body 2 is provided with a spiral conveying blade 21, the spiral conveying blade 21 is spirally wound on the screw rod body 2 along the axis direction of the screw rod body 2, and the spiral conveying blade 21 is provided with a plurality of spiral fins 22 which are symmetrically penetrated out from two sides of the spiral conveying blade 21. Therefore, the ionization device can continuously and effectively ionize the primary material through the spiral conveying blades 21 and the spiral fins 22 while conveying the primary material to be melt-mixed, and remarkably improve the mixing uniformity of the primary material to be melt-mixed so as to obtain the uniformly-mixed molten charged substance.

As shown in fig. 3 and 4, the electrolysis device comprises a hydrolysis tank body 3, a hydrolysis tank opening 31 and a liquid inlet hopper 32 located at one end of the hydrolysis tank opening 31 are arranged at the top of the hydrolysis tank body 3, a plurality of plate-shaped electrolysis wires 4 are arranged on the inner side of the hydrolysis tank body 3 from top to bottom in parallel in sequence, the plate-shaped electrolysis wires 4 are arranged in an inclined manner, and the height of one end close to the liquid inlet hopper 32 is higher than that of the other end; the bottom of the hydrolysis tank body 3 is provided with bottom guide walls 33, and hydrolysis outlet ports 34 are provided between the bottom guide walls 33. Therefore, when entering the hydrolysis tank 3 through the liquid inlet hopper 32, the small molecule polyol and the distilled water firstly fall into the higher end of the uppermost plate-shaped electrolytic wire 4, so that the part of the small molecule polyol and the distilled water moving along the uppermost plate-shaped electrolytic wire 4 is effectively hydrolyzed, and the part of the small molecule polyol and the distilled water falls onto the next plate-shaped electrolytic wire 4 for further hydrolysis, thereby achieving sufficient hydrolysis after gradual hydrolysis, so as to continue to be mixed, mixed and cooled with the hollow microspheres and the molten charged matter and form a blank.

Example four

The difference between the fourth embodiment and the third embodiment is that the thermoplastic elastomer in the fourth embodiment is a thermoplastic polyvinyl chloride elastomer. The micromolecular polyalcohol is formed by mixing glycol and glycerol in equal parts by weight. The hollow microspheres are hollow glass microspheres and fly ash, and the weight ratio of the hollow microspheres to the fly ash is 3: 1 are mixed. The epoxy resin is linear alicyclic resin and glycidyl ester, and the weight ratio of the epoxy resin to the glycidyl ester is 2: 1 are mixed.

Performance testing

1. And (3) testing the density: testing with a specific gravity balance;

2. resilience performance: testing according to astm d 2632:

freely falling a standard conical steel ball with the mass of 28 +/-0.5 g on a macromolecular physical foaming object at the height of 400mm, and measuring the ratio of the maximum rebound height to the falling height of the steel ball;

3. rebound maintenance rate: standing for 30 days, and measuring with a measuring ruler;

4. expansion volume factor: measured in Connaire vision 3D-A1000.

TABLE one examples one to four Performance test results

In conclusion, this application forms the melt charged thing through adopting ionization device with the ionization of melt mixing primary material, and electrolysis device forms mixed electrolysis ion with mixed micro molecule polyol and distilled water electrolysis, mixes melt charged thing, mixed electrolysis ion and hollow microsphere mixing, mixing and cooling formation stock back foaming and make the polymer physics foaming thing to this polymer physics foaming thing has the effect that shows promotion resilience performance and improvement elasticity maintenance rate.

References in this application to "first," "second," "third," "fourth," etc., if any, are intended to distinguish between similar elements and not necessarily to describe a particular order or sequence. It will be appreciated that the data so used may be interchanged under appropriate circumstances such that the embodiments described herein may be practiced otherwise than as specifically illustrated or described herein. Furthermore, the terms "comprises" and "comprising," and any variations thereof, are intended to cover a non-exclusive inclusion, such that a process, method, or apparatus that comprises a list of steps or elements is not necessarily limited to those steps or elements expressly listed, but may include other steps or elements not expressly listed or inherent to such process, method, or apparatus.

It should be noted that the descriptions in this application referring to "first", "second", etc. are for descriptive purposes only and are not to be construed as indicating or implying relative importance or implicitly indicating the number of technical features indicated. Thus, a feature defined as "first" or "second" may explicitly or implicitly include at least one such feature. In addition, technical solutions between various embodiments may be combined with each other, but must be realized by a person skilled in the art, and when the technical solutions are contradictory or cannot be realized, such a combination should not be considered to exist, and is not within the protection scope of the present application.

The principle and the implementation of the present application are explained herein by applying specific examples, and the above description of the embodiments is only used to help understand the method and the core idea of the present application; meanwhile, for a person skilled in the art, according to the idea of the present application, there may be variations in the specific embodiments and the application scope, and in summary, the content of the present specification should not be construed as a limitation to the present application.