阅读说明：本技术 楔形环自动解锁系统和方法 (Wedge ring automatic unlocking system and method ) 是由 丹尼斯·迪尔曼 艾伦·艾斯纳 安杰伊·克罗尔 马里安·安多 于 2020-02-19 设计创作，主要内容包括：本文中所公开的实施方式提供了一种圆锥破碎机,该圆锥破碎机具有碗状件支撑件和固定框架,碗状件支撑件可以安装至固定框架,该框架包括面向外的螺纹部分。楔形结构可以布置在碗状件支撑件与框架的螺纹部分之间,该楔形结构包括面向内的螺纹部分,该面向内的螺纹部分的螺纹与框架的面向外的螺纹部分互补。可以设置用于在楔形结构上施加向上的力以在破碎操作期间将楔形结构从原始位置移动至操作位置的装置,并且可以设置用于在楔形结构上施加向下的力以在破碎操作之后将楔形结构返回至原始位置的装置。(Embodiments disclosed herein provide a cone crusher having a bowl support mountable to a stationary frame, and the frame including an outwardly facing threaded portion. A wedge structure may be arranged between the bowl support and the threaded portion of the frame, the wedge structure comprising an inwardly facing threaded portion having a thread complementary to an outwardly facing threaded portion of the frame. Means may be provided for exerting an upward force on the wedge-shaped structure to move the wedge-shaped structure from the original position to the operating position during a crushing operation, and means may be provided for exerting a downward force on the wedge-shaped structure to return the wedge-shaped structure to the original position after the crushing operation.)

1. A cone crusher comprising:

a bowl support;

a stationary frame to which the bowl support is mountable, the frame including an outwardly facing threaded portion;

a wedge structure disposed between the bowl support and a threaded portion of the frame, the wedge structure including an inwardly facing threaded portion having threads complementary to the outwardly facing threaded portion of the frame;

means for exerting an upward force on the wedge structure to move the wedge structure from an original position to an operative position during a crushing operation; and

means for exerting a downward force on the wedge-shaped structure to return the wedge-shaped structure to the original position after a crushing operation.

2. The cone crusher in claim 1 wherein said means for applying an upward force and said means for applying a downward force provide forces at a plurality of spaced apart points around said wedge structure.

3. The cone crusher in accordance with claim 1 wherein the means for applying an upward force comprises at least one fluid powered cylinder disposed below the wedge structure.

4. The cone crusher in claim 1 wherein said means for applying a downward force comprises a plurality of spaced apart springs disposed above said wedge structure.

5. The cone crusher in claim 1 wherein said means for applying a downward force comprises a plurality of fluid power cylinders disposed above said wedge structure.

6. The cone crusher in accordance with claim 1 wherein the means for applying an upward force and the means for applying a downward force comprise a plurality of double acting fluid power cylinders arranged adjacent to and mounted to the wedge structure.

7. A cone crusher comprising:

a bowl support and a crusher bowl mounted to the bowl support;

a cone mounted to a fixed frame, the fixed frame including an outwardly facing threaded portion;

an annular wedge ring disposed between the bowl support and the threaded portion of the frame, the wedge ring including an inwardly facing threaded portion having threads complementary to the outwardly facing threaded portion of the frame;

a plurality of spaced apart fluid powered wedge ring cylinders arranged around and below the wedge ring such that the wedge ring can be pushed up from a home position to an operating position by the wedge ring cylinders during a crushing operation; and

a plurality of springs disposed about the wedge ring for exerting a downward force on the wedge ring to return the wedge ring to the home position after a crushing operation.

8. A wedge ring biasing system for biasing upwardly and downwardly a threaded annular wedge ring for use in a cone crusher, the wedge ring disposed between a cone crusher frame and a cone crusher bowl support, the cone crusher frame having threads complementary to the threads of the wedge ring, the cone crusher bowl support mounting a crusher bowl, the system for biasing upwardly the wedge ring comprising a plurality of hydrodynamic cylinders disposed below and about the wedge ring, the system for biasing downwardly the wedge ring comprising a plurality of springs disposed above and about the wedge ring.

Technical Field

The described embodiments relate to cone crushers and, more particularly, to the operation of wedge rings sometimes used in cone crushers.

Background

Rock crushers reduce the size of rock to provide material for road beds, concrete, building foundations, and the like. By definition, rock crushers need to be heavy to avoid breakage and bending during the crushing process. Rock crushers may be classified as cone crushers, jaw crushers and impact crushers, but the present disclosure will focus on cone crushers. Cone crushers crush rock and other hard materials by squeezing or compressing the rock between a convex rotating cone and a concave stationary bowl, both of which are covered by hardened wear surfaces. The hardened surface on the bowl is referred to as a cover when the liner is mounted to the surface of the bowl.

The spacing between the bowl liner and the cover opens and closes at any given point as the cone is rotated relative to the bowl. This spacing between the inner liner and the cover is commonly referred to as a crushing space. Rock is fed into the crushing space and slides down between these surfaces when the space is opened with the rotation of the cone, and the rock is crushed when the space is closed. Since it is desirable to be able to vary the degree of reduction of the rock discharged from the rock crusher, the spacing between the cone and the bowl is adjustable. This is typically achieved by including complementary inwardly and outwardly facing threads on the frame and the wedge ring, which is typically disposed between the cone and the bowl support to which the bowl is mounted. To install the bowl into the cone and frame, the bowl is rotated so that the outward facing threads and the inward facing threads guide the bowl into position. Once mounted, the bowl may be moved up and down, or away from or towards the cone, by rotating the bowl support. This in turn will control the size of the rock that can come out of the crusher space.

Wedge rings are annular members that extend around the cone and are sometimes supported by a plurality of wedge ring cylinders spaced around the crusher, which exert an upward force on the wedge ring. This upward force causes the inwardly facing wedges or threads of the wedge ring to ride over the complementary outwardly facing threads of the frame and cone. This results in expansion of the wedge ring, which is allowed because the wedge ring typically has cracks or gaps therein. This outward expansion of the wedge ring presses against the bowl support, thereby creating friction that holds the bowl support and thus the bowl in place during the crushing operation.

In rock reduction it is common for large pieces of very hard rock such as granite or basalt, or a piece of metal sometimes referred to as tramp iron, to enter the crusher. One example of a hybrid iron block is a tooth from a rock excavating bucket. If the uncrushable material is larger than the maximum allowable size through the cone crusher, such material may damage the crusher without the release mechanism in place.

Rock crushers typically contain these uncrushable materials through a mechanism known as a tramp iron release system. As mentioned above, the crusher space is adjustable. However, the upper assembly comprising the bowl is mounted relative to the frame in such a way as to allow the bowl to be lifted relative to the cone in case uncrushable material enters the crushing space. The release system typically includes a hydraulic clamping cylinder, sometimes referred to as a release cylinder or a hybrid cylinder, having a pressurized piston for resisting lifting of the bowl. When the resistance of the clamp piston is exceeded, at least one of the clamp cylinder release valves springs open and the bowl assembly including the bowl will lift away from the cone and allow uncrushable material to pass. Once the uncrushable material passes through the crusher, hydraulic fluid is pumped back into the clamping cylinder, thereby restoring the bowl to its original position and the crushing space to its normal size.

The clamping cylinders are normally able to perform their function of releasing the bowl and bowl support despite the outward pressure and friction between the bowl support and the wedge ring; that is, the opening and closing forces from the clamping cylinder will exceed the friction of the wedge ring against the bowl support, so that the bowl support can be moved up and down relative to the wedge ring and the frame bearing the cone.

When the crusher is stopped, the wedge ring cylinder releases the upward pressure on the wedge ring, which theoretically allows gravity to drop the wedge ring. This allows the wedge ring threads to move down the outwardly facing threads of the cone, thereby releasing the outward pressure on the bowl support. However, gravity is generally insufficient to lower the wedge ring to its original lowered position in view of the presence of debris, rust or other obstructions in and around the wedge ring. This poses difficulties because the outward pressure of the raised wedge ring on the bowl support prevents the bowl from being lifted from the crusher, for example if the bowl needs to be removed to replace or repair the liner.

Other solutions address this problem by including a down blow on the wedge ring using a rod, but if the blow is not made progressively and evenly around the wedge ring, the ring may jam and create more problems. Other solutions include long threaded bolts spaced around the ring, however, this again needs to be done uniformly to avoid jamming. The bowl support can also simply be pushed up to unlock the jammed wedge ring using a plurality of evenly spaced jacks. This must also be done uniformly and progressively to avoid aggravating the seizing condition. In any case, the installation of long bolts, jacks, etc. adds weight and expense to the crusher.

Drawings

The embodiments will be readily understood by the following detailed description in conjunction with the accompanying drawings and the appended claims. In the figures of the accompanying drawings, embodiments are shown by way of example and not limitation.

FIG. 1 is a side sectional view of a crusher in which a first embodiment may be incorporated;

FIG. 2 is a partial side cross-sectional view of the embodiment of FIG. 1 showing the wedge ring and the frame threads in their relaxed, non-operative state;

fig. 3 is a partial side cross-sectional view of the embodiment of fig. 1, the fig. 3 corresponding to fig. 2 except that the wedge ring is in a raised condition during a crushing operation;

FIG. 4 is a top plan view of the crusher of FIG. 1 with the bowl component removed;

FIG. 5 is an enlarged partial view of the gap in the wedge ring depicted in FIG. 4;

FIG. 6 is a partial side view of the wedge ring and frame threads in their relaxed position depicting the spring arrangement of the embodiment of FIG. 1;

FIG. 7 is a partial perspective view of the depicted embodiment with the upper bowl component removed but showing a possible arrangement of the springs of the depicted embodiment evenly spaced around the wedge ring;

FIG. 8 is a partial side cross-sectional view of the second embodiment showing the wedge ring and the frame threads in their relaxed, non-operative condition; and

fig. 9 is a partial side cross-sectional view of the third embodiment showing the wedge ring and frame threads in their elevated, operative condition.

Detailed Description

In the following detailed description, reference is made to the accompanying drawings, which form a part hereof, and in which is shown by way of illustration embodiments that may be practiced. It is to be understood that other embodiments may be utilized and structural or logical changes may be made without departing from the scope. The following detailed description is, therefore, not to be taken in a limiting sense.

Various operations may be described as multiple discrete operations in turn, in a manner that may be helpful in understanding the embodiments; however, the order of description should not be construed as to imply that these operations are order dependent.

This description may use a stereo-based description such as up/down, back/front, and top/bottom. These descriptions are merely used to facilitate the discussion and are not intended to limit the application of the disclosed embodiments.

The terms "coupled" and "connected," along with their derivatives, may be used. It should be understood that these terms are not intended as synonyms for each other. Rather, in particular embodiments, "connected" may be used to indicate that two or more elements are in direct physical or electrical contact with each other. "coupled" may mean that two or more elements are in direct physical or electrical contact. However, "coupled" may also mean that two or more elements are not in direct contact with each other, but yet still cooperate or interact with each other.

For the purposes of the description, phrases in the form "a/B" or in the form "a and/or B" mean (a), (B), or (a and B). For purposes of description, a phrase in the form of "at least one of A, B and C" denotes (a), (B), (C), (a and B), (a and C), (B and C), or (A, B and C). For the purposes of this description, a phrase in the form "(a)/B" means (B) or (AB), i.e., a is an optional element.

The description may use the term "embodiment" or "embodiments," which may each refer to one or more of the same or different embodiments. Furthermore, the terms "comprising," "including," "having," and the like, as used with respect to embodiments, are synonymous and are generally intended as "open" terms (e.g., the term "comprising" should be interpreted as "including but not limited to," the term "having" should be interpreted as "having at least," the term "includes" should be interpreted as "includes but is not limited to," and the like).

With respect to the use of any plural and/or singular terms herein, those having skill in the art can translate from the plural to the singular and/or from the singular to the plural as is appropriate to the context and/or application. Various singular/plural permutations may be expressly set forth herein for sake of clarity.

Embodiments disclosed herein provide a cone crusher having a bowl support mountable to a stationary frame, and the frame including an outwardly facing threaded portion. A wedge structure may be arranged between the bowl support and the threaded portion of the frame, the wedge structure comprising an inwardly facing threaded portion having a thread complementary to an outwardly facing threaded portion of the frame. Means may be provided for exerting an upward force on the wedge-shaped structure to move the wedge-shaped structure from the original position to the operating position during a crushing operation, and means may be provided for exerting a downward force on the wedge-shaped structure to return the wedge-shaped structure to the original position after the crushing operation.

The means for applying an upward force and the means for applying a downward force may provide the force at a plurality of spaced apart points around the wedge structure. The means for applying an upward force may comprise at least one fluid-powered cylinder arranged below the wedge-shaped structure. The means for applying a downward force may comprise a plurality of spaced apart springs arranged above the wedge structure. The means for applying a downward force may comprise a plurality of spaced apart fluid powered cylinders arranged above the wedge structure. The means for applying an upward force and the means for applying a downward force may comprise a plurality of double acting fluid power cylinders arranged adjacent to and mounted to the wedge structure.

Embodiments disclosed herein may also provide a cone crusher having a bowl support and a crusher bowl mounted to the bowl support, and a cone mounted to a stationary frame including an outwardly facing threaded portion. An annular wedge ring may be disposed between the bowl support and the threaded portion of the frame, the wedge ring including an inwardly facing threaded portion having a thread complementary to the outwardly facing threaded portion of the frame. A plurality of spaced apart hydrodynamic wedge ring cylinders may be arranged around and below the wedge ring such that the wedge ring cylinders may push the wedge ring upwards from a home position to an operating position during a crushing operation. A plurality of springs may be arranged around the wedge ring for exerting a downward force on the wedge ring to return the wedge ring to the original position after the crushing operation.