阅读说明：本技术 一种跳跃力大小和方向可控的跳跃机器人 (Jumping robot with controllable jumping force and direction ) 是由 王巍 张敬涛 赵飞 于 2020-05-26 设计创作，主要内容包括：本发明公开一种初始跳跃力大小和方向可控的跳跃机器人,包括躯干平台、后肢模块、可控离合收放模块、前肢模块。后肢模块与躯干平台后部固连,包括两组结构相同的跳跃腿单元,每个跳跃腿单元为多连杆组成的单自由度六杆机构,其对接线处安装拉簧,可提供始终垂直拉簧的直线跳跃力。可控离合收放模块由主电机、丝杠主轴、棘轮机构、卷线轮、拉线和缓冲弹簧等组成,通过控制主电机的旋转角度而改变初始跳跃力,通过控制主电机的旋转方向而控制起跳时机。前肢模块与躯干平台前部固连,由舵机和前腿等组成,舵机驱动前腿旋转,通过控制前腿与躯干平台的夹角而调整跳跃力方向。本发明初始跳跃力大小和方向可控,跳跃力沿直线,结构紧凑,质量轻。(The invention discloses a jumping robot with controllable initial jumping force and direction. The hind limb module is fixedly connected with the rear part of the trunk platform and comprises two groups of jumping leg units with the same structure, each jumping leg unit is a single-degree-of-freedom six-rod mechanism formed by multiple connecting rods, and a tension spring is arranged at the joint line of each jumping leg unit, so that straight line jumping force vertical to the tension spring can be provided all the time. The controllable clutch releasing and releasing module consists of a main motor, a lead screw main shaft, a ratchet mechanism, a winding wheel, a pull wire, a buffer spring and the like, changes initial jumping force by controlling the rotating angle of the main motor, and controls the jumping time by controlling the rotating direction of the main motor. The forelimb module is fixedly connected with the front part of the trunk platform and comprises a steering engine, forelegs and the like, the steering engine drives the forelegs to rotate, and the jumping force direction is adjusted by controlling the included angles between the forelegs and the trunk platform. The invention has controllable initial jumping force and direction, the jumping force is along straight line, the structure is compact, and the weight is light.)

1. The utility model provides a controllable jump robot of jump power size and direction which characterized in that: comprises a trunk platform, a hind limb module, a controllable clutch releasing and releasing module and a forelimb module;

the hind limb module comprises two same jumping leg units which are symmetrically fixed on the left side and the right side of the rear part of the bottom surface of the trunk platform respectively; the jumping leg unit is a single-degree-of-freedom six-rod mechanism formed by connecting rods, and the diagonal lines of the single-degree-of-freedom six-rod mechanism are connected by tension springs to provide straight line jumping force which is always vertical to the tension springs;

the controllable clutch retraction module is used for controlling retraction of a pull wire, and the pull wire is connected with the two jumping leg units;

the forelimb module is arranged on the bottom surface of the front part of the trunk platform and driven by the steering engine to swing back and forth.

2. A hopping robot as claimed in claim 1, wherein the magnitude and direction of the hopping force are controllable: the jumping leg unit comprises a hind limb fixing frame, a thigh rod fixing frame, a gear thigh rod A, a gear thigh rod B, a gear shank rod A, a gear shank rod B, a shank rod fixing frame and a tension spring;

wherein, the hind limb fixing frame is fixed at the rear part of the trunk platform; the upper part of the thigh rod fixing frame is provided with a connector, and the lower part of the thigh rod fixing frame is provided with a connecting frame; wherein the connector is fixed on the hind limb fixing frame; one end of the gear thigh rod A and one end of the gear thigh rod B are gear ends, and the other end of the gear thigh rod A and the other end of the gear thigh rod B are non-gear ends; the gear ends of the gear thigh rod A and the gear thigh rod B are respectively hinged with the connecting frame front and back to form a revolute pair, and the gear ends of the gear thigh rod A and the gear thigh rod B are mutually meshed; one end of the gear shank A and one end of the gear shank B are gear ends, and the other end of the gear shank A and the other end of the gear shank B are non-gear ends; the non-gear end of the gear shank rod A is hinged with the non-gear end of the gear thigh rod A to form a revolute pair; the non-gear end of the gear shank B is hinged with the non-gear end of the gear thigh rod B to form a revolute pair; the front and the back of the shank rod fixing frame are respectively hinged with the gear ends of the gear shank rod A and the gear shank rod B to form a revolute pair, and the gear ends of the gear shank rod A and the gear shank rod B are mutually meshed; two ends of the tension spring are respectively fixed at the non-gear ends of the gear lower leg rod A205 and the gear lower leg rod B.

3. A hopping robot as claimed in claim 1, wherein the magnitude and direction of the hopping force are controllable: the controllable clutch releasing and releasing module comprises a main motor, a lead screw main shaft, a winding wheel, a ratchet wheel, a pawl, a buffer spring, a torsion spring and a pull wire; wherein, the main motor drives the lead screw main shaft to rotate; the front section is a thread-free section, and a winding wheel is arranged on the front section through a bearing; pin holes are formed in the circumferential direction of the side wall of the winding wheel at equal angular intervals; the buffer spring is sleeved at the front section of the lead screw main shaft and is positioned between the winding wheel and the main motor; the rear section of the lead screw main shaft is a threaded section, a ratchet wheel is arranged on the thread of the lead screw main shaft, and the ratchet wheel is matched with a pawl; ratchet pins are designed at the circumferential opposite positions of the side walls of the ratchet; two pull wires are wound on the winding wheel, one end of each pull wire is fixed with the winding wheel, and the other end of each pull wire is fixed on the two jumping leg units respectively.

4. A hopping robot as claimed in claim 1, wherein the magnitude and direction of the hopping force are controllable: the front limb module comprises a steering engine, a steering engine fixing frame, a left front leg, a right front leg fixing frame, a right front leg and a leg connecting rod; the top end of the left front leg is fixedly connected with an output shaft of the steering engine, and the top end of the right front leg is hinged to the bottom surface of the trunk platform through a right front leg fixing frame to form a revolute pair; two ends of the leg connecting rod are fixedly connected with the left front leg and the right front leg respectively.

5. A hopping robot as claimed in claim 2, wherein the magnitude and direction of the hopping force are controllable: the upper part of the thigh rod fixing frame is provided with a connector, and the lower part of the thigh rod fixing frame is provided with a connecting frame; the connector is fixed on the hind limb fixing frame; the connecting frame is arranged in a backward inclined mode, and an included angle of 45 degrees is formed between the connecting frame and the vertical direction; the shank rod fixing frame is provided with a top connecting frame, a middle supporting rod and a lower foot rod; the top connecting frame is positioned at the position opposite to the lower connecting frame of the thigh rod fixing frame, is inclined forwards and forms an included angle of 45 degrees with the vertical direction; the middle supporting rod is designed to be inclined backwards, and forms an included angle of 10 degrees with the vertical direction; the lower foot rods are parallel to the horizontal plane.

6. A jumping robot with controllable jumping force and direction as claimed in claims 1-5, wherein: before jumping, ratchet pins on the circumferential direction of the ratchet wheel are separated from the winding wheel, the main motor drives the lead screw main shaft forward, and the ratchet wheel does not rotate along with the lead screw main shaft due to pressure of a pawl on the ratchet wheel and moves horizontally due to meshing of internal threads and thread sections of the lead screw main shaft; meanwhile, a ratchet wheel pin is inserted into a pin hole of the winding wheel, and the ratchet wheel and a spindle shoulder of the lead screw are locked after being attached; at the moment, the ratchet wheel rotates along with the lead screw spindle, the winding wheel is driven to rotate through the ratchet wheel pin, the pull wire is driven to pull the jumping leg unit to stretch the tension spring, and the stretching amount of the tension spring can be controlled by controlling the forward rotation angle of the main motor, so that the initial jumping force is controlled; the included angle between the left front leg and the right front leg and the trunk platform can be adjusted by controlling the steering engine, and the included angle between the hind limb module and the ground is changed, so that the direction of the initial jumping force is controlled;

when jumping, the main motor reversely drives the lead screw main shaft, the ratchet wheel does not rotate along with the lead screw main shaft due to the locking of the pawl and translates along the thread section of the lead screw main shaft, so that after the ratchet wheel pin is separated from the winding wheel, the winding wheel can freely rotate without being constrained, the stay wire does not constrain the jumping leg unit any more, the tension spring rebounds to release energy, and the hind limb module drives the trunk platform to be far away from the ground, so that the jumping is finished; after landing, the action before jumping is repeated to carry out next jumping.

7. A jumping robot with controllable jumping force and direction as claimed in claims 1-5, wherein: the trunk platform is made of carbon fiber materials; and the rear limb module, the controllable clutch releasing module and the front limb module are respectively provided with various leg rods, a fixing frame, a ratchet wheel, a pawl and a winding wheel which are all formed by 3D printing of resin materials.

Technical Field

The invention relates to a jumping robot, in particular to a bionic jumping robot which is light, small and modularized, and controllable in jumping force and jumping direction.

Background

The jumping robot has the motion characteristics that the conventional robot does not have, has strong obstacle-crossing capability, extremely high jumping speed, wide moving range and the like, and has wide application prospect and important strategic significance in aspects of interstellar exploration, rescue and relief, military reconnaissance and the like.

The Massachusetts institute of technology and engineering, Raibert, developed the earliest hopping robot in the world, similar to a single-leg hopping robot with an inverted spring pendulum. Sarfogliero et al, advanced school of Sasanta anna, studied in depth leafhoppers, and designed a small four-legged hopping robot with a length of about 50mm and a mass of about 15g using a four-bar linkage mechanism. Rockwell Switzerland Federal institute of technology and engineering MirkoThe small jumping robot has the advantages that energy is stored by a four-bar mechanism with an additional elastic element, a micro motor and a battery provide power, energy is stored for a torsion spring through multi-stage gear transmission, and energy is released quickly by a cam.

The existing small-sized jumping robot is limited by small size and few drivers, the control of the size and direction of jumping force cannot be realized, and the size and direction of the jumping force are constant, so that the flexibility and environmental adaptability of the small-sized jumping robot are greatly limited, and the movement performance of the small-sized jumping robot is reduced.

Disclosure of Invention

Aiming at the problems, the invention provides a bionic jumping robot which is light, small and modularized, and controllable in jumping force and jumping direction.

A jumping robot with controllable jumping force and direction comprises a trunk platform, a hind limb module, a controllable clutch releasing module and a forelimb module.

The hind limb module comprises two same jumping leg units which are symmetrically fixed on the left side and the right side of the rear part of the bottom surface of the trunk platform respectively. The jumping leg unit is a single-freedom-degree six-rod mechanism formed by connecting rods, and the diagonal lines of the single-freedom-degree six-rod mechanism are connected by tension springs to provide straight line jumping force perpendicular to the tension springs all the time. The controllable clutch retraction module is used for controlling retraction of a pull wire, and the pull wire is connected with the two jumping leg units. If the forelimb module is arranged on the bottom surface of the front part of the trunk platform and is driven by the steering engine to swing back and forth.

The main parts of the trunk platform, the hind limb module, the controllable clutch rolling module and the forelimb module are made of carbon fiber and resin.

The invention has the advantages that:

(1) the jumping robot with controllable jumping force and direction realizes controllable initial jumping force by matching the controllable clutch retraction mechanism with the hind limb module, and realizes controllable jumping force direction by the forelimb module along a straight line;

(2) according to the jumping robot with controllable jumping force and direction, the controllable clutch release mechanism uses a single motor, the jumping force and the jumping opportunity are controlled by controlling the rotation angle and the direction of the motor, the multiple purposes of the single motor are realized, the number of driving motors is reduced, the quality of the robot is reduced, and the utilization efficiency is improved;

(3) the jumping robot with controllable jumping force and direction is provided with a trunk platform, a hind limb module, a controllable clutch retraction module and a forelimb module, and the modular design ensures that the robot has clear and compact structure and convenient installation;

(4) according to the jumping robot with controllable jumping force and direction, the main parts of the trunk platform, the hind limb module, the controllable clutch winding module and the forelimb module are made of carbon fiber and resin, so that the robot quality is reduced while the strength is ensured.

Drawings

Fig. 1 is a schematic view of the overall structure of the hopping robot of the present invention.

Fig. 2 is a schematic structural view of a rear right jumping unit in a hind limb module of the jumping robot.

Fig. 3 is a schematic layout view of a controllable clutch releasing and releasing module of the hopping robot.

Fig. 4 is a schematic structural diagram of a controllable clutch releasing and releasing module of the hopping robot.

Fig. 5 is a schematic structural diagram of a forelimb module of the hopping robot.

In the figure:

1-body platform 2-hind limb module 3-controllable clutch rolling module

4-forelimb module 5-battery 6-controller

201-hind limb fixing frame 202-thigh rod fixing frame 203-gear thigh rod A

204-gear thigh lever B205-gear calf lever a 206-gear calf lever B

207-shank rod fixing frame 208-tension spring 301-main motor

302-main motor fixing frame 303-coupling 304-lead screw spindle fixing frame A

305-winding wheel 306-ratchet 307-lead screw spindle fixing frame B

308-pawl fixing frame 309-pawl 310-lead screw spindle

311-buffer spring 312-reel bearing 313-torsion spring

314-fixed axis 315-pull line 316-pin hole

317-ratchet pin 401-steering engine 402-steering engine fixing frame

403-left front leg 404-right front leg holder 405-right front leg

406-leg link

Detailed Description

The present invention will be described in further detail with reference to the accompanying drawings.

The invention provides a jumping robot with controllable jumping force and direction, as shown in fig. 1, the robot comprises a trunk platform 1, a hind limb module 2, a controllable clutch releasing and releasing module 3, a forelimb module 4, a battery 5 and a controller 6, as shown in fig. 1.

The trunk platform 1 is an approximately rectangular thin plate, is provided with mounting holes and is used for mounting and fixing the hind limb module 2, the controllable clutch releasing and releasing module 3, the forelimb module 4, the battery 5 and the controller 6.

The hind limb module 2 comprises two same jumping leg units which are symmetrically fixed on the left side and the right side of the rear part of the bottom surface of the trunk platform 1 respectively. Each jumping leg unit comprises a hind limb fixing frame 201, a thigh rod fixing frame 202, a gear thigh rod A203, a gear thigh rod B204, a gear shank rod A205, a gear shank rod B206, a shank rod fixing frame 207 and a tension spring 208, as shown in FIG. 2. The hind limb fixing frame 201 is fixed at the rear part of the trunk platform 1 and used for fixing the hind limb module 2 and the trunk platform 1. The upper part of the thigh rod fixing frame 202 is provided with a connector, and the lower part is provided with a connecting frame; wherein the connector is fixed on the hind limb fixing frame 201; the connecting frame is arranged in a backward inclined mode, and an included angle of 45 degrees is formed between the connecting frame and the vertical direction. The front side and the rear side of the connecting frame are provided with connecting lugs which are respectively used for connecting the gear thigh rod A203 and the gear thigh rod B204.

Gear thigh rod A203 and gear thigh rod B204 both have a straight section and an arc section; the end part of the straight line section is a gear end, and the end part is provided with a gear structure; the end part of the arc-shaped section is a non-gear end. The gear ends of the gear thigh rod A203 and the gear thigh rod B204 are hinged with the linking lugs on the front side and the rear side of the connecting frame respectively at the center positions to form a revolute pair, and the gear ends of the two are meshed with each other.

Both gear shank rod A205 and gear shank rod B206 have straight sections and arc sections; the end part of the straight line section is a gear end, and the end part is provided with a gear structure; the end part of the arc-shaped section is a non-gear end. The non-gear end of the gear shank A205 is hinged with the non-gear end of the gear shank A203 to form a revolute pair. The non-gear end of gear shank B206 is hinged to the non-gear end of gear shank B204 to form a revolute pair. The geared ends of geared shank A205 and geared shank B206 are used to connect to shank holder 207.

The shank rod holder 207 has a top link, a middle support rod, and a lower foot rod. Wherein the top connecting rack is located at the opposite position of the lower connecting rack of the thigh rod fixing rack 202, and is inclined forwards, and forms an included angle of 45 degrees with the vertical direction. Connecting lugs are also designed on the front side and the rear side of the top fixing frame and are hinged with the gear end gear structure center positions of the gear lower leg rod A205 and the gear lower leg rod B206 respectively to form a rotating pair, and the gear ends of the rotating pair and the gear end of the gear lower leg rod A are meshed with each other. The middle supporting rod is designed to be inclined backwards, and forms an included angle of 10 degrees with the vertical direction; the lower foot rods are parallel to the horizontal plane.

Tension spring 208 has one end secured in a through hole defined in the non-gear end of gear leg lever A205 and the other end secured in a through hole defined in the non-gear end of gear leg lever B206.

The thigh rod fixing frame 202, the gear thigh rod A203, the gear thigh rod B204, the gear shank rod A205, the gear shank rod B206 and the shank rod fixing frame 207 form a six-rod mechanism through hinging, and due to the meshing of two groups of gear ends, the six-rod mechanism has only one degree of freedom, namely the thigh rod fixing frame 202 and the shank rod fixing frame 207 can only translate along a connecting line of the thigh rod fixing frame 202 and the shank rod fixing frame 207, so that the jumping force generated by the mechanism always follows the connecting line of the thigh rod fixing frame 202 and the shank rod fixing frame 207 and is perpendicular to the tension spring 208.

The controllable clutch releasing and releasing module 3 comprises a main motor 301, a main motor fixing frame 302, a coupler 303, a lead screw spindle fixing frame a304, a winding wheel 305, a ratchet wheel 306, a lead screw spindle fixing frame B307, a pawl fixing frame 308, a pawl 309, a lead screw spindle 310, a buffer spring 311, a winding wheel bearing 312, a torsion spring 313, a fixing shaft 314 and a pull wire 315, as shown in fig. 3 and 4.

The main motor 301 is fixed to the rear portion of the top surface of the trunk platform 1 through a main motor fixing frame 302, the lead screw spindle fixing frame a304 and the lead screw spindle fixing frame B307 are fixed to the top surface of the trunk platform 1, the lead screw spindle 310 and an output shaft of the main motor 301 are coaxially arranged, and the front end and the rear end of the lead screw spindle 310 are inserted into shaft holes of the lead screw spindle fixing frame a304 and the lead screw spindle fixing frame B307 and can rotate. The front section of the lead screw main shaft 310 is a thread-free section, and the rear section is a thread section; the end part of the front section is fixedly connected with an output shaft of the main motor 301 through a coupler 303.

The winding wheel 305 is coaxially mounted on the front section of the lead screw main shaft 310 through a bearing 312, can axially translate and can freely rotate on the lead screw main shaft 310; the reel 305 is positioned by a shoulder on the lead screw spindle 310, limiting its rearward displacement. The buffer spring 311 is sleeved on the front section of the lead screw main shaft 310, and two ends of the buffer spring are respectively connected with the winding wheel bearing 312 and the lead screw main shaft fixing frame A304. The side wall of the winding wheel 305 is provided with pin holes 316 at equal angular intervals in the circumferential direction for passing through a ratchet pin of the ratchet.

The ratchet wheel 306 is coaxially arranged at the rear section of the lead screw main shaft 310, and the internal thread of the central hole of the ratchet wheel 306 is meshed with the thread at the rear section of the lead screw main shaft 310. The ratchet 306 has ratchet pins 317 formed on its side walls at circumferentially opposite locations such that the ratchet pins 317 are received in the pin holes 316 as the ratchet 306 is moved axially forward. The pawl holder 308 is fixed to the top surface of the torso platform 1 on one side of the ratchet 306. The pawl 309 is fixed on the pawl fixing shaft 314, and two ends of the pawl fixing shaft 314 are hinged to two sides of the pawl fixing frame 308 to form a rotating pair; pawl 309 ratchets circumferentially with ratchet 306 and always ratchets as ratchet 306 moves axially. The torsion spring 313 is loosely fitted over the pawl fixing shaft 314, and both ends thereof are inserted into through holes fixed to the pawl 309 and the pawl fixing bracket 308, respectively, so that the pawl 309 has a force to abut against the ratchet 306.

One end of each of the two pull wires 315 is fixed at two symmetrical through holes on the circumference of the winding wheel 305, and is wound in the groove on the circumference of the winding wheel 305 in the same direction; the other ends of the two pull wires 315 pass through openings on the left and right sides of the trunk platform 1 and are respectively fixed at the joint of the middle support bar and the lower foot bar of the middle leg bar fixing frame 207 of the two jumping leg units at the rear part.

As shown in fig. 5, the front limb module 4 includes a steering engine 401, a steering engine fixing frame 402, a left front leg 403, a right front leg fixing frame 404, a right front leg 405, and a leg link 406, as shown in fig. 5. The steering engine 401 is mounted on the left side of the front part of the trunk platform 1 through a steering engine fixing frame 402, and the axis of an output shaft of the steering engine is arranged in the left-right direction; the top end of a left front leg 403 is fixedly connected with an output shaft of a steering engine 401, a right front leg fixing frame 404 is fixed on the right side of the front part of the trunk platform 1, the top end of a right front leg 405 is hinged with the right front leg fixing frame 404 to form a revolute pair, the rotation axis of the revolute pair is collinear with the axis of the output shaft of the steering engine 401, and two ends of a leg connecting rod 406 are fixedly connected with the left front leg 403 and the right front leg 405.

The trunk platform 1 is made of carbon fiber materials; and leg rod structures, a fixing frame structure, a ratchet wheel and pawl structure, a winding wheel structure and the like in the hind limb module 2, the controllable clutch releasing module 3 and the forelimb module 4 are all formed by 3D printing of resin materials.

Before the jumping robot jumps, a ratchet pin 317 on the circumferential direction of a ratchet 306 is separated from a winding wheel 305, a main motor 301 positively drives a lead screw main shaft 310, the ratchet 306 does not rotate along with the lead screw main shaft 310 due to the pressure of a pawl 309 on the ratchet 306, and the internal thread is meshed with the thread section of the lead screw main shaft 310 to move horizontally; meanwhile, a ratchet pin 317 is inserted into a pin hole 316 of the winding wheel 305, and the ratchet 306 and the spindle 310 are locked after being attached to each other; at this time, the ratchet 306 rotates along with the lead screw spindle 310, and then the winding wheel 305 is driven to rotate through the ratchet pin 317, the pull wire 315 is driven to pull the jumping leg unit to stretch the tension spring 208, and the stretching amount of the tension spring 208 can be controlled by controlling the forward rotation angle of the main motor 301, so as to control the initial jumping force; the steering engine 401 is controlled to adjust the included angles between the left front leg 403 and the right front leg 405 and the trunk platform 1, and the included angle between the hind limb module 2 and the ground is changed, so that the direction of the initial jumping force is controlled.

When the jumping robot jumps, the main motor 301 reversely drives the lead screw main shaft 310, the ratchet 306 does not rotate along the lead screw main shaft 310 due to the locking of the pawl 309, and the ratchet moves horizontally along the thread section of the lead screw main shaft 310, so that after the ratchet pin 317 is separated from the winding wheel 305, the winding wheel 305 is free to rotate without constraint, the jumping leg unit is not constrained by the pull wire 315, the tension spring 208 rebounds to release energy, and the hind limb module 2 drives the trunk platform 1 to be far away from the ground, so that the jumping is completed; after landing, the action before jumping is repeated to carry out next jumping.

According to the invention, the battery 5 is used for supplying power to the main motor 301, the steering engine 401 and the controller 6, and the controller 6 is used for controlling the main motor 301 and the steering engine 401 to work.