阅读说明：本技术 一种高抗渗混凝土泵送剂及其制备方法 (High-impermeability concrete pumping agent and preparation method thereof ) 是由 陈傲 于 2020-05-28 设计创作，主要内容包括：本发明公开了一种高抗渗混凝土泵送剂及其制备方法,属于建筑材料制造领域。本发明以磷石膏和粉煤灰进行研磨咬合,研磨过程中增强了摩阻力,添加的钠基膨润土、聚丙烯酸钠也可起到增稠作用,改善空间结构的致密性,降低混凝土坍塌度的损失,提升应用后混凝土的耐久性。通过有机物质和无机物质相作用,在水的作用下通过扩散或通过渗水通道进入空隙中,形成致密的不溶性晶体,提升抗渗性能,提高混凝土结构致密性,并通过Si-OH结构单元与混凝土所含钙镁离子发生反应,形成了络合物,使得混凝土发生一定程度的惰性化,提高耐久性。本发明解决了目前常用混凝土泵送剂的抗渗、耐久性不佳,不能降低混凝土坍落度损失的问题。(The invention discloses a high-impermeability concrete pumping agent and a preparation method thereof, belonging to the field of building material manufacture. According to the invention, phosphogypsum and fly ash are used for grinding and occlusion, the frictional resistance is enhanced in the grinding process, the added sodium bentonite and sodium polyacrylate can also play a thickening role, the compactness of a space structure is improved, the loss of the collapse degree of the concrete is reduced, and the durability of the concrete after application is improved. Under the action of organic substances and inorganic substances, the water diffuses or enters gaps through a water seepage channel to form compact insoluble crystals, so that the impermeability is improved, the compactness of a concrete structure is improved, and a complex is formed by the reaction of Si-OH structural units and calcium and magnesium ions contained in concrete, so that the concrete is inerted to a certain degree, and the durability is improved. The invention solves the problems that the existing common concrete pumping agent has poor impermeability and durability and can not reduce the slump loss of concrete.)

1. The high-impermeability concrete pumping agent comprises the following components in parts by weight: 5~8 parts of borax, 1~3 parts of polycarboxylic acid water reducing agent TH-928, 3~7 parts of glycerol, 2~5 parts of calcium lignosulfonate, 1~4 parts of tea saponin, 30~50 parts of water, its characterized in that still includes: 30-50 parts of composite pumping action base material and 12-20 parts of vermiculite treating material.

2. The high-impermeability concrete pumping agent according to claim 1, wherein the preparation method of the composite pumping action base material comprises the following steps:

(1) according to the mass ratio of 7-12: 3, mixing and grinding phosphogypsum and fly ash to obtain a fine ground material, mixing and stirring 12-20 parts of the fine ground material, 1-3 parts of p-toluenesulfonic acid, 2-5 parts of ethyl orthosilicate, 3-7 parts of a hydrophobic material and 30-45 parts of an ethanol solution at 20-30 ℃ in parts by mass, heating to 48-55 ℃, adding a silane coupling agent KH-550 accounting for 2-5% of the mass of the fine ground material, mixing, keeping the temperature, stirring, filtering, collecting filter residues, and drying to obtain a dry material;

(2) according to the weight parts, 25-40 parts of a dry matter, 1-3 parts of sodium bentonite, 0.2-0.5 part of lithium magnesium silicate, 2-5 parts of sodium polyacrylate and 45-60 parts of water are mixed and stirred at 35-55 ℃, pressurized and decompressed to obtain a treated material, and according to the weight parts, 25-40 parts of the treated material, 7-13 parts of potassium feldspar, 2-5 parts of water glass, 3-7 parts of silica fume and 50-70 parts of a reagent are mixed and stirred, decompressed and evaporated to obtain the composite pumping action base material.

3. The high-impermeability concrete pumping agent according to claim 2, wherein the hydrophobic material in step (1): according to the mass ratio of 2-5: 1 mixing trimethylchlorosilane and polyurea to obtain the hydrophobic material.

4. The high-impermeability concrete pumping agent according to claim 2, wherein the agent in step (2): according to the mass ratio of 1: and 5-8, mixing urea and calcium bicarbonate to obtain the reagent.

5. The high-impermeability concrete pumping aid according to claim 1, wherein the preparation of the vermiculite treatment material is as follows: at the temperature of 60-75 ℃, according to the mass ratio of 1: 7-11: 0.1 mixing vermiculite, citric acid solution and additive, stirring at constant temperature, filtering, washing filter residue with water, and drying to obtain a dried material, wherein the dried material is prepared from the following raw materials in a mass ratio of 1: 7-12: and (3) adding 0.1 of N, N-dimethylacetamide and isophorone diisocyanate, mixing and stirring, adding an HCl solution which is 4-7 times the mass of the dried material, mixing, and evaporating under reduced pressure to obtain the vermiculite processing material.

6. The high-impermeability concrete pumping agent according to claim 5, wherein the weight ratio of the components is 4-8: and 1-3, mixing polyvinylpyrrolidone and hexadecyl hydroxypropyl sulfobetaine to obtain the additive.

7. The high-impermeability concrete pumping agent according to claim 1, wherein the rheological agent: according to the mass ratio of 3-7: 1, mixing the propylene glycol alginate and the guar gum to obtain the rheological agent.

8. The preparation method of the high-impermeability concrete pumping aid according to any one of claims 1 to 7, characterized by comprising the following steps:

s1, taking 5-8 parts of borax, 1-3 parts of a polycarboxylic acid water reducing agent TH-928, 3-7 parts of glycerol, 2-5 parts of calcium lignosulphonate, 1-4 parts of tea saponin, 30-50 parts of water, 30-50 parts of a composite pumping action base material and 12-20 parts of a vermiculite processing material according to parts by weight;

s2, mixing and stirring a polycarboxylic acid water reducing agent TH-928, glycerol, tea saponin, water and a composite pumping action base material, adding a vermiculite treating material, borax and calcium lignosulphonate, mixing and stirring, and performing reduced pressure evaporation to obtain the high-impermeability concrete pumping agent.

9. The method for preparing the high-impermeability concrete pumping aid according to claim 8, wherein the mixing and stirring conditions in the step S2 are 400-700 r/min for 40-60 min by magnetic stirring.

10. The method for preparing the high-impermeability concrete pumping aid according to claim 8, wherein the vermiculite treatment material in step S1 or S2 is 50% of the mass of the composite pumping action base material.

Technical Field

The invention belongs to the field of building material manufacturing, and particularly relates to a high-impermeability concrete pumping agent and a preparation method thereof.

Background

The concrete is an important building material in the construction industry, the construction of high-performance concrete mostly adopts a pumping process, and the pumping agent is a composite additive prepared according to the construction process of the pumped concrete, climatic conditions, cement varieties and other engineering actual requirements, and is mainly compounded by a water reducing agent component and other functional additives. The fluidity of the mixture can be greatly improved, the fluidity of the mixture can be kept for a long time, the concrete can still keep good workability after pressure conveying, and the concrete is not isolated and does not bleed.

At present, the common concrete pumping agent requires both early strength and slump retention, and the slump retention type and the early strength type belong to two types and have conflicting performance. The pumping agent with good slump retention has low early strength of concrete. The early strength pumping agent has poor concrete slump retaining performance, and particularly, the higher the temperature and the moisture in summer are evaporated, the higher the moisture loss is, the higher the concrete slump loss is, the lower the fluidity, cohesiveness and the like of the concrete are, so that the working performance of more than 4 hours in summer can not be basically ensured.

The main components of the existing concrete pumping agent are a water reducing component, a retarding component, a thickening component, an air entraining component and other auxiliary agents, wherein the water reducing agent component mainly uses water reducing agent types with low water reducing rate, such as lignosulfonate, sulfamate, aliphatic water reducing agent, naphthalene water reducing agent and the like, and is mainly characterized in that the water reducing rate is low or medium, and the surface activity of dispersion fluidization is realized in the pumping agent; the retarding component mainly comprises polyhydroxy carbohydrate and derivatives thereof, and partial inorganic salt, and is characterized by playing the roles of retarding, preserving plasticity and lubricating; the thickening component is also a core component, mainly comprises high polymers to increase the viscosity of water so as to play a role in thickening, water retention and lubrication, the air entraining component mainly comprises an air entraining water reducer and an air entraining surfactant, and is characterized in that air bubbles are introduced to increase the functions of water retention, lubrication, uniform dispersion and the like, and in the prior art, the water reducing component, the retarding component, the thickening component, the air entraining component and other auxiliary agents are separated from one another, and the thickening component, the air entraining component and the other auxiliary agents are compounded and used, so that the thickening component and the air entraining component have the following defects: 1. the cost of purchasing or producing multiple components separately is expensive; 2. product homogeneity is also a challenge with more components, requiring longer mixing times; 3. and the product is easy to imitate processing.

The prior pumping agent has the following disadvantages: the cement has poor adaptability, generally only can adapt to a few cement varieties, has poor fluidity, precipitates and precipitates under the low-temperature condition in winter, causes pipeline blockage, cannot be normally used, has extremely unstable quality and quick slump loss, and seriously affects various projects of concrete due to various technical problems in the use process of the concrete. With the continuous development of concrete construction engineering technology, higher requirements are also put forward on the performance of concrete, and the durability index of the concrete is more prominent. At present, in order to meet the common requirements of concrete performance and construction, a common method is to add one or two functional additives and a pumping agent into concrete to form a mixture, which not only increases the construction difficulty and the production cost, but also easily causes the situations of excessive or missing addition, excessive addition and the like due to repeated doping of the same or similar active components in several concrete additives, especially when several concrete additives with poor or even insoluble compatibility are encountered, the efficiency of the additives can be reduced, and as a result, the concrete is slightly hydrated, separated and hardened and is reduced until losing the working performance, so that the concrete cannot be pumped, and heavy people can cause construction safety accidents and serious concrete quality accidents, thereby endangering the safety life of buildings.

The existing common concrete pumping agent has the defects of poor impermeability and durability and incapability of reducing the slump loss of concrete. Therefore, the development of the concrete admixture which can improve the durability of concrete, meet the performance requirement of the pumping agent and meet the pumping construction requirement has very important significance.

Disclosure of Invention

The technical problems to be solved by the invention are as follows: aiming at the problems that the existing common concrete pumping agent has poor impermeability and durability and cannot reduce the concrete slump loss, the high-impermeability concrete pumping agent and the preparation method thereof are provided.

In order to solve the technical problems, the invention adopts the following technical scheme:

a high-impermeability concrete pumping agent comprises the following components: 5-8 parts of borax, 1-3 parts of a polycarboxylic acid water reducing agent TH-928, 3-7 parts of glycerol, 2-5 parts of calcium lignosulfonate, 1-4 parts of tea saponin, 30-50 parts of water, 30-50 parts of a composite pumping action base material and 12-20 parts of a vermiculite treatment material.

The preparation method of the composite pumping action base material comprises the following steps:

(1) according to the mass ratio of 7-12: 3, mixing and grinding phosphogypsum and fly ash to obtain a fine ground material, mixing and stirring 12-20 parts of the fine ground material, 1-3 parts of p-toluenesulfonic acid, 2-5 parts of ethyl orthosilicate, 3-7 parts of a hydrophobic material and 30-45 parts of an ethanol solution at 20-30 ℃ in parts by mass, heating to 48-55 ℃, adding a silane coupling agent KH-550 accounting for 2-5% of the mass of the fine ground material, mixing, keeping the temperature, stirring, filtering, collecting filter residues, and drying to obtain a dry material;

(2) according to the weight parts, 25-40 parts of a dry matter, 1-3 parts of sodium bentonite, 0.2-0.5 part of lithium magnesium silicate, 2-5 parts of sodium polyacrylate and 45-60 parts of water are mixed and stirred at 35-55 ℃, pressurized and decompressed to obtain a treated material, and according to the weight parts, 25-40 parts of the treated material, 7-13 parts of potassium feldspar, 2-5 parts of water glass, 3-7 parts of silica fume and 50-70 parts of a reagent are mixed and stirred, decompressed and evaporated to obtain the composite pumping action base material.

The hydrophobic material in the step (1): according to the mass ratio of 2-5: 1 mixing trimethylchlorosilane and polyurea to obtain the hydrophobic material.

The reagent in the step (2): according to the mass ratio of 1: and 5-8, mixing urea and calcium bicarbonate to obtain the reagent.

Preparing the vermiculite treating material: at the temperature of 60-75 ℃, according to the mass ratio of 1: 7-11: 0.1 mixing vermiculite, citric acid solution and additive, stirring at constant temperature, filtering, washing filter residue with water, and drying to obtain a dried material, wherein the dried material is prepared from the following raw materials in a mass ratio of 1: 7-12: and (3) adding 0.1 of N, N-dimethylacetamide and isophorone diisocyanate, mixing and stirring, adding an HCl solution which is 4-7 times the mass of the dried material, mixing, and evaporating under reduced pressure to obtain the vermiculite processing material.

The mass ratio of the components is 4-8: and 1-3, mixing polyvinylpyrrolidone and hexadecyl hydroxypropyl sulfobetaine to obtain the additive.

The rheological agent is: according to the mass ratio of 3-7: 1, mixing the propylene glycol alginate and the guar gum to obtain the rheological agent.

A preparation method of a high-impermeability concrete pumping agent comprises the following steps:

s1, taking 5-8 parts of borax, 1-3 parts of a polycarboxylic acid water reducing agent TH-928, 3-7 parts of glycerol, 2-5 parts of calcium lignosulphonate, 1-4 parts of tea saponin, 30-50 parts of water, 30-50 parts of a composite pumping action base material and 12-20 parts of a vermiculite processing material according to parts by weight;

s2, mixing and stirring a polycarboxylic acid water reducing agent TH-928, glycerol, tea saponin, water and a composite pumping action base material, adding a vermiculite treating material, borax and calcium lignosulphonate, mixing and stirring, and performing reduced pressure evaporation to obtain the high-impermeability concrete pumping agent.

The mixing and stirring conditions in the step S2 are 400-700 r/min for 40-60 min by magnetic stirring.

The vermiculite processing material in the step S1 or S2 accounts for 50% of the mass of the composite pumping action base material.

Compared with other methods, the method has the beneficial technical effects that:

(1) the invention uses phosphogypsum and fly ash for grinding and occlusion, enhances the frictional resistance in the grinding process, and the added sodium bentonite and sodium polyacrylate can also play a role in thickening, promotes the formation of meshes between macromolecular substances to wrap and connect small molecular particles, can fill gaps, improves the compactness of a space structure, can provide a certain physical anchor effect, reduces the loss of concrete collapse degree and improves the durability of the applied concrete, and under the action of organic substances, namely ethyl orthosilicate, inorganic substance, fly ash and the like, the phosphogypsum enters the gaps through diffusion or a water seepage channel under the action of water to react with unhydrated substances to form compact insoluble crystals, can block the gaps, capillaries and cracks, deeply block the gaps in the structure, improve the internal structure, improve the anti-permeability performance, and introduce silicon-containing components into a hydrophobic material, the silicon-containing material can also permeate into the concrete to act with calcium ions in the concrete, so that the pores are filled, the compactness of the concrete structure is improved, and the Si-OH structure unit reacts with calcium and magnesium ions contained in the concrete to form a complex, so that the concrete is inertized to a certain degree, and the durability is improved;

(2) in the embodiments 1 to 3, the embodiment 1 is the optimal embodiment, and the embodiments 1 to 3 are superior to the pumping agent sold in the market and the pumping agent prepared by the technical scheme disclosed by the cited patent, so that the application prospect is good, the effects obtained by the comparative examples 1 and 2 are obviously reduced after partial components are lacked, and the pumping agent has a great effect on improving the impermeability and durability;

(3) the concrete pumping aid is used for solving the problems that the existing common concrete pumping aid is poor in impermeability and durability and cannot reduce the concrete slump loss, is remarkable in improvement effect and has a good application prospect.

Detailed Description

Rheological agent: according to the mass ratio of 3-7: 1, mixing the propylene glycol alginate and the guar gum to obtain the rheological agent.

Hydrophobic materials: according to the mass ratio of 2-5: 1 mixing trimethylchlorosilane and polyurea to obtain the hydrophobic material.

Reagent: according to the mass ratio of 1: 5-8, mixing urea and 12% of calcium bicarbonate by mass to obtain the reagent.

Additive: according to the mass ratio of 4-8: and 1-3, mixing polyvinylpyrrolidone and hexadecyl hydroxypropyl sulfobetaine to obtain the additive.

The preparation method of the composite pumping action base material comprises the following steps:

(1) according to the mass ratio of 7-12: 3, mixing phosphogypsum and fly ash in a mortar, grinding for 1-3 hours at 300-400 r/min to obtain a fine ground material, mixing and stirring 12-20 parts of the fine ground material, 1-3 parts of p-toluenesulfonic acid, 2-5 parts of ethyl orthosilicate, 3-7 parts of a hydrophobic material and 30-45 parts of an ethanol solution with the volume fraction of 70% for 30-50 minutes at 20-30 ℃, heating to 48-55 ℃, adding a silane coupling agent KH-550 with the mass of 2-5% of the fine ground material, mixing, keeping the temperature and stirring for 1-2 hours, filtering, collecting filter residues, drying in an oven at 90-100 ℃ for 3-5 hours, and obtaining a dry material;

(2) according to the weight parts, 25-40 parts of a dry matter, 1-3 parts of sodium bentonite, 0.2-0.5 part of lithium magnesium silicate, 2-5 parts of sodium polyacrylate and 45-60 parts of water are mixed and stirred in a 35-55 ℃ hydrothermal reaction kettle for 35-60 min, the mixture is pressurized to 2.2-4.1 MPa for treatment for 15-25 min, and the pressure is relieved to normal pressure to obtain a treated material, 25-40 parts of the treated material, 7-13 parts of potassium feldspar, 2-5 parts of water glass, 3-7 parts of silica fume and 50-70 parts of a reagent are mixed in a mixer and stirred for 1-3 h at 500-800 r/min, and the mixture is evaporated under reduced pressure to constant weight to obtain the composite pumping action base material.

Preparing a vermiculite treating material: at the temperature of 60-75 ℃, according to the mass ratio of 1: 7-11: 0.1 mixing vermiculite, 12% citric acid solution in percentage by mass and an additive, stirring at a constant temperature of 350-550 r/min for 30-50 min, filtering, washing filter residues with water for 2-4 times, transferring to an oven, drying to constant weight to obtain a drying material, and taking the drying material according to a mass ratio of 1: 7-12: 0.1, adding N, N-dimethylacetamide and isophorone diisocyanate into a reaction kettle, mixing, magnetically stirring for 40-60 min at 400-700 r/min, adding HCl solution with the mass fraction of 12% 4-7 times that of the drying material, mixing, and evaporating under reduced pressure to constant weight to obtain the vermiculite processing material.

The high-impermeability concrete pumping agent comprises the following components in parts by weight: 5-8 parts of borax, 1-3 parts of a polycarboxylic acid water reducing agent TH-928, 3-7 parts of glycerol, 2-5 parts of calcium lignosulfonate, 1-4 parts of tea saponin, 30-50 parts of water, 30-50 parts of a composite pumping action base material and 12-20 parts of a vermiculite treatment material.

A high impervious concrete pumping agent and a preparation method thereof comprise the following steps:

s1, taking 5-8 parts of borax, 1-3 parts of a polycarboxylic acid water reducing agent TH-928, 3-7 parts of glycerol, 2-5 parts of calcium lignosulphonate, 1-4 parts of tea saponin, 30-50 parts of water, 30-50 parts of a composite pumping action base material and 12-20 parts of a vermiculite processing material according to parts by weight;

s2, firstly mixing a polycarboxylic acid water reducing agent TH-928, glycerol, tea saponin, water and a composite pumping action base material in a reaction kettle at 30-45 ℃, magnetically stirring for 40-60 min at 400-700 r/min, adding a vermiculite treating material, borax and calcium lignosulphonate, mixing, magnetically stirring for 40-60 min at 400-700 r/min, and performing reduced pressure evaporation to 25-35% of the original volume to obtain the high-impermeability concrete pumping aid.