阅读说明：本技术 一种谷氨酸二乙酸及其衍生物作为土壤离子捕捉剂的应用及土壤修复方法 (Application of glutamic diacetic acid and derivatives thereof as soil ion capture agent and soil remediation method ) 是由 曹清清 于 2019-12-31 设计创作，主要内容包括：本发明属土壤修复技术领域,涉及一种谷氨酸二乙酸及其衍生物作为土壤离子捕捉剂的应用及土壤修复方法,将通式(Ⅰ)所示的化合物应用于肥料中作为土壤中作为离子捕捉剂和离子活化剂。本发明的有益效果在于：可以活化土壤中难溶的钙镁等营养元素,促进植物的吸收；可以改善金属盐的添加导致土壤的板结；可降解,对土壤无二次伤害；改善土壤板结的同时,给土壤补充氮元素,起到多重功效；有利于对于土壤肥力的修复和改善。使用方法简单,直接施用于土壤即可。(The invention belongs to the technical field of soil remediation, and relates to an application of glutamic diacetic acid and a derivative thereof as a soil ion capture agent and a soil remediation method. The invention has the beneficial effects that: the indissolvable nutrient elements such as calcium, magnesium and the like in the soil can be activated, and the absorption of plants is promoted; the hardening of soil caused by the addition of metal salt can be improved; the degradable soil conditioner is degradable and has no secondary damage to soil; the soil hardening is improved, and meanwhile, nitrogen elements are supplemented to the soil, so that multiple effects are achieved; is beneficial to the restoration and improvement of the soil fertility. The application method is simple, and the fertilizer can be directly applied to soil.)

1. The application of glutamic diacetic acid and derivatives thereof as soil ion trapping agents is characterized in that compounds shown in a general formula (I) and all possible isomers thereof, or hydrates of the glutamic diacetic acid and all possible isomers thereof are applied to soil as the ion trapping agents;

wherein: m may be H⁺、NH₄ ⁺、Na⁺、K⁺、Ca²⁺、Zn²⁺、Mg²⁺、Cu²⁺、Mn²⁺、Fe³⁺One or more of them.

2. The use of glutamic diacetic acid and derivatives thereof as soil ion scavenger according to claim 1, wherein the salt of glutamic diacetic acid is a mixture of at least one or more of sodium, potassium and ammonia.

3. The use of glutamic diacetic acid and its derivatives as soil ion scavengers as claimed in claim 1, wherein the compound of formula (i) and all possible isomers thereof, or a mixture of any of the hydrates of the compound of formula (i) and all possible isomers thereof is used as a soil ion scavenger.

4. The use of glutamic diacetic acid and its derivatives as soil ion scavenger according to claim 1, wherein a polymer resin loaded with one or more of the compounds represented by the general formula (I) and all possible isomers thereof, or hydrates of the compounds represented by the general formula (I) and all possible isomers thereof is used as soil ion scavenger.

5. Use of glutamic diacetic acid and derivatives thereof as a soil ion scavenger according to any one of claims 1 to 4, characterized in that it is used in soils already hardened with conventional fertilizers for a long period of time.

6. A soil remediation method, comprising the steps of:

step 1, spreading the soil ion scavenger of any one of claims 1 to 4 on the surface of soil to be repaired at a spreading density of 0.1 to 10mol per mu of the compound represented by the general formula (I);

and 2, planting plants and/or sprinkling water on the soil paved in the step 1.

7. The soil remediation method of claim 6 further comprising, prior to step 1, a pre-treatment step of, in the treatment of highly saline-alkaline soils:

a pretreatment step 1, irrigating saline-alkali soil by using saline water and waiting for freezing into saline water ice;

a pretreatment step 2, performing radiation heating on the saline water ice; the salt water ice is melted and infiltrated.

8. The soil remediation method of claim 7 wherein the salinity of the groundwater used in the pre-treatment step 1 is 35g/L or less; the irrigation amount of the underground saline water used in the pretreatment step 1 is more than or equal to 20m³Per mu; and (3) when the underground saline water is irrigated in the pretreatment step 1, the thickness of the soil frozen soil layer is more than 5cm and less than 50 cm.

9. The soil remediation method of claim 7 wherein the radiation heating of said pretreatment step 2 is by microwaves of a frequency of 1MHz to 24.125GHz and a radiation power of 1kW to 20 kW.

10. The soil remediation method of claim 6 wherein the salt water is selected from the group consisting of seawater, underground salt water, surface salt water, and artificially prepared salt water, mixed in any proportion.

Technical Field

The invention belongs to the technical field of soil remediation, and particularly relates to application of glutamic diacetic acid and derivatives thereof as a soil ion capture agent and a soil remediation method.

Background

Salinization and alkalization of soil and water are often limiting factors for soil development and utilization, and are problems to be urgently solved in many countries, especially arid and semi-arid regions, several river delta and flat regions with unsmooth outflow.

The total area of the global saline soil reaches about 9.5 × 108hm²The land area of the occupied land ball is 7.26 percent, and the total area of the salinized soil in China is 3.6 × 107hm²The salinization problem and the alkalization problem of northern soil are obvious.

Calcium, magnesium, zinc, manganese, iron, copper and other elements are essential trace elements for plant growth. Although these elements are not deficient in nature, they are generally less available for direct absorption by plants, because they are easily deposited as insoluble salts in the soil environment or adsorbed by the soil granules so as to be immobile and thus cannot be absorbed by plants. To supplement trace elements to plants, two methods are currently used: firstly, applying inorganic mineral substances containing corresponding trace elements on soil, and secondly, spraying chelate fertilizer on leaf surfaces.

The inorganic mineral substance has low price, can be directly applied to soil or applied to soil after being dissolved in water, has large dosage and long fertilizer efficiency period, and can be accepted by the market. However, metal ions in inorganic minerals cannot be fixed by soil, the utilization rate is low, and the inorganic minerals are easily polluted due to precipitation in the environment or poisoned by inorganic salts due to excessive fertilization.

At present, all methods for supplementing trace elements to plants in the market are to apply fertilizers containing corresponding metal elements, and long-term application of the fertilizers can cause excessive deposition of metal ions in soil and hardening of the soil, so that the growth and development of crops in later seasons are influenced.

How to effectively treat excessive metal ions in soil is a subject of extensive research at present. In the prior art, irrigation methods and chemical methods such as adding desulfurized gypsum are generally adopted.

Irrigation in arid areas tends to increase the salinity level in the soil (mineral elements accumulate on the surface of the soil in irrigation water) unless there is a good drainage system; however, even with a good irrigation and drainage system, the soil desalination process is often accompanied by a soil alkalization process.

The addition of chemical methods such as desulfurized gypsum, etc. not only increases the salt content of the soil, but also increases the cost of improvement.

Chinese patent 'a fast fertilization method for coastal saline-alkali soil in north China' (application No. 201611177213.7) discloses a method for saline-alkali soil improvement by using microwave irradiation saline water, which solves the problem of reducing the content of saline-alkali in soil, but can not effectively remove insoluble cations remained in the soil.

Disclosure of Invention

The invention aims to solve the technical problem of providing application of glutamic diacetic acid and derivatives thereof as soil ion capture agents and a soil remediation method, so as to solve the problems in the prior art.

The application of glutamic diacetic acid and derivatives thereof as soil ion trapping agents applies the compounds shown in the general formula (I) and all possible isomers thereof, or the glutamic diacetic acid and hydrates of all possible isomers thereof as the ion trapping agents in soil;

wherein: m may be H⁺、NH₄ ⁺、Na⁺、K⁺、Ca²⁺、Zn²⁺、Mg²⁺、Cu²⁺、Mn²⁺、Fe³⁺One or more of them.

Preferably, the glutamic diacetic acid and the derivative thereof are used as soil ion trapping agents, and the salt of the glutamic diacetic acid is a mixture of at least one or more of sodium, potassium and ammonia.

Furthermore, the glutamic diacetic acid and the derivative thereof are applied as soil ion capture agents, and the compound shown in the general formula (I) and all possible isomers thereof, or the mixture of any several of the compound shown in the general formula (I) and hydrates of all possible isomers thereof are used as soil ion capture agents.

Furthermore, the application of the glutamic diacetic acid and the derivative thereof as the soil ion scavenger uses polymer resin loaded with one or more of the compound shown in the general formula (I) and all possible isomers thereof, or the hydrate of the compound shown in the general formula (I) and all possible isomers thereof as the soil ion scavenger.

Furthermore, the glutamic acid diacetic acid and the derivative thereof are applied to yellow tide soil and brown soil in North China plain, yellow soil in Yunobu area, black calcium soil in northeast area and chestnut calcium soil in northwest area as soil ion capture agents.

Further, the application of the glutamic diacetic acid and the derivative thereof as a soil ion trapping agent is used for soil hardened by using traditional fertilizers for a long time.

The invention also discloses a soil remediation method, which comprises the following steps:

step 1, spreading the soil ion capture agent on the surface of soil to be repaired, wherein the spreading density is 0.1-10mol of the compound shown in the general formula (I) per mu;

and 2, planting plants and/or sprinkling water on the soil paved in the step 1.

Further, when the soil remediation method is used for treating soil with high salinization degree, the method also comprises a pretreatment step before the step 1:

a pretreatment step 1, irrigating saline-alkali soil by using saline water and waiting for freezing into saline water ice;

a pretreatment step 2, performing radiation heating on the saline water ice; the salt water ice is melted and infiltrated.

Further, the salinity of the underground saline water used in the pretreatment step 1 is less than or equal to 35 g/L.

Further, the irrigation amount of the underground saline water used in the pretreatment step 1 is more than or equal to 20m³Per mu.

Further, when the underground saline water is irrigated in the pretreatment step 1, the thickness of the soil frozen layer is more than 5cm and less than 50 cm.

Further, the radiation source used for the radiation heating in the pretreatment step 2 is a microwave with the frequency of 1MHz-24.125GHz, and the radiation power is 1kW-20 kW.

Further, the radiation source used for the radiation heating in the pretreatment step 2 is microwave with the frequency of 915MHz-2450 MHz.

Further, the salt water is selected from any one or mixture of several of sea water, underground salt water, surface salt water and artificially prepared salt water in any proportion.

The invention has the beneficial effects that:

1. the indissolvable nutrient elements such as calcium, magnesium and the like in the soil can be activated, and the absorption of plants is promoted;

2. the hardening of soil caused by the addition of metal salt can be improved;

3. the degradable soil conditioner is degradable and has no secondary damage to soil;

4. the soil hardening is improved, and meanwhile, nitrogen elements are supplemented to the soil, so that multiple effects are achieved; is beneficial to the restoration and improvement of the soil fertility.

5. The application method is simple, and the fertilizer can be directly applied to soil.

Detailed Description

The technical solutions of the present invention will be described clearly and completely below, and it should be apparent that the described embodiments are some, but not all, embodiments of the present invention. All other embodiments, which can be derived by a person skilled in the art from the embodiments given herein without making any creative effort, shall fall within the protection scope of the present invention.