阅读说明：本技术 带曲轴箱压力调节装置的呼吸器及柴油发动机 (Breather with crankcase pressure adjusting device and diesel engine ) 是由 朱晓明 陈卫 于 2019-01-30 设计创作，主要内容包括：一种带曲轴箱压力调节装置的呼吸器及柴油发动机,属于柴油发动机技术领域。所述带曲轴箱压力调节装置的呼吸器包括依次设置的气体混合区、油气分离区和回油区；气体混合区设有曲轴箱窜气气管和导流件；曲轴箱窜气气管连接有压力调节装置,压力调节装置在伸入曲轴箱窜气气管的部位设有缩减式流道；导流件向油气分离区方向延伸设有数个导流叶片；油气分离区设有油气分离器和过滤气体出口,导流叶片伸入油气分离器中流道内；回油区设有回油孔。本发明通过压力调节装置上缩减式的流道设计实现曲轴箱压力自动调节,保证柴油发动机污染物排放的稳定性。(A breather with a crankcase pressure adjusting device and a diesel engine belong to the technical field of diesel engines. The breather with the crankcase pressure adjusting device comprises a gas mixing area, an oil-gas separation area and an oil return area which are sequentially arranged; the gas mixing area is provided with a crankcase blow-by gas pipe and a flow guide piece; the crankcase blowby gas pipe is connected with a pressure adjusting device, and the pressure adjusting device is provided with a reduced flow passage at the part extending into the crankcase blowby gas pipe; the guide piece is provided with a plurality of guide vanes extending towards the oil-gas separation area; the oil-gas separation area is provided with an oil-gas separator and a filtered gas outlet, and the guide vanes extend into a flow channel in the oil-gas separator; the oil return area is provided with an oil return hole. The invention realizes the automatic adjustment of the pressure of the crankcase by the design of the reduced flow passage on the pressure adjusting device, and ensures the stability of the pollutant discharge of the diesel engine.)

1. A breather with a crankcase pressure adjusting device is characterized by comprising a gas mixing area, an oil-gas separation area and an oil return area which are sequentially arranged;

the gas mixing area is provided with a crankcase blow-by gas pipe and a flow guide piece; the crankcase blowby gas pipe is connected with a pressure adjusting device, and the pressure adjusting device is provided with a reduced flow passage at the part extending into the crankcase blowby gas pipe; the guide piece is provided with a plurality of guide vanes extending towards the oil-gas separation area;

the oil-gas separation area is provided with an oil-gas separator and a filtered gas outlet, and the guide vanes extend into a flow channel in the oil-gas separator;

the oil return area is provided with an oil return hole.

2. The breather of claim 1, wherein the pressure regulator is charged with momentum gas.

3. The breather with the crankcase pressure regulating device according to claim 1, wherein the oil-gas separation area is provided with a drainage end cap at the end of a flow passage in the oil-gas separator, and the drainage end cap protrudes towards the direction of the flow guide piece in the flow passage.

4. The breather with crankcase pressure adjustment device according to claim 1, wherein the gas mixing section includes a breather end cap to which the crankcase blow-by gas tube is secured; the oil-gas separation area comprises a respirator box body, and the oil-gas separator is fixed in the respirator box body; the respirator end cover and the respirator box body are fixedly connected and sealed.

5. The breather with the crankcase pressure regulating device according to claim 4, wherein the breather end cover and the breather box body are in threaded connection through a threaded sleeve.

6. The respirator with the crankcase pressure adjusting device according to claim 4, wherein the crankcase blowby gas pipe is fixed on the end cover of the respirator through paired buckles and clamping groove structures, and the buckles and the clamping groove structures are evenly distributed in the circumferential direction.

7. The breather of claim 1, wherein the width of the guide vanes decreases in a direction of extension of the flow guide.

8. The respirator with the crankcase pressure adjusting device according to claim 7, wherein the flow guide piece is of a circular cylindrical structure, and the flow guide blades are uniformly distributed along the circumferential direction.

9. The respirator with the crankcase pressure adjusting device according to claim 7, wherein the flow guide piece is of a cylindrical structure, a supporting end cover is transversely arranged on the cylindrical structure, and the supporting end cover abuts against the oil-gas separator and is fixed with the respirator box body in a sealing mode.

10. A diesel engine comprising a breather according to any one of claims 1 to 9 with a crankcase pressure regulating device.

Technical Field

The invention relates to the technology in the field of diesel engines, in particular to a breather with a crankcase pressure adjusting device and a diesel engine.

Background

The pollutants discharged by the diesel engine mainly comprise combustion waste gas directly discharged by an exhaust pipe and crankcase blowby gas, and as the control of the exhaust pipe emissions by laws and regulations is stricter, the technical improvement mainly focuses on the control of the combustion waste gas directly discharged by the exhaust pipe and achieves remarkable effect; after the direct discharge of combustion exhaust gas from the exhaust pipe is controlled, the proportion of particulate matters in crankcase blowby gas to the total particulate matters discharged from the diesel engine is increased, and the crankcase blowby gas is controlled to further reduce the pollutant discharge.

The crankcase blowby gas refers to combustible mixed gas and burnt gas which leak into the crankcase from a combustion chamber through a clearance between a piston group and a cylinder in the compression, combustion and expansion processes when the internal combustion engine is in operation. The blowby gas enters the crankcase, so that the temperature of the crankcase is increased, the evaporation of the engine oil of the oil pan is increased, part parts in the crankcase are subjected to splash lubrication, oil mist is generated in the splash lubrication process, and the blowby gas contains residual fuel oil, waste gas and carbon black generated by combustion and a large amount of engine oil. If the blow-by gas cannot be discharged in time, fuel steam in the blow-by gas is condensed, so that the engine oil is deteriorated, poor lubrication is caused, and part abrasion and engine oil consumption are increased; if the blow-by gas cannot be discharged in time, the air leakage and oil leakage of the engine can be caused when the pressure of the crankcase is too high. Accordingly, internal combustion engine crankcases require a ventilation system to handle the blow-by gas, separate the oil from the blow-by gas, while maintaining the crankcase pressure within a suitable range.

The crankcase ventilation system is divided into a natural ventilation system and a forced ventilation system, the crankcase natural ventilation system is also called as an open crankcase ventilation system, and the principle of the crankcase natural ventilation system is that the waste gas of the crankcase is directly discharged into the atmosphere; the positive crankcase ventilation system introduces the crankcase waste gas into the air inlet pipe of the engine, and then the crankcase waste gas is burnt in the cylinder, so that the pollutant emission can be reduced, and the economy of the engine is improved.

As shown in fig. 1, by using a forced ventilation system, if not controlled, oil vapor contained in the blow-by gas of the crankcase can be condensed along the way and adsorbed on parts of the air intake system, such as a supercharger c, an intercooler d, an air intake and exhaust valve, and the like, thereby reducing the working performance and the service life of the parts; in addition, the main components of the engine oil are heavy high molecular weight hydrocarbon and non-hydrocarbon mixture, and the engine oil is difficult to completely burn after being introduced into a combustion chamber, so that carbon smoke is easily generated, carbon deposit is formed in a cylinder b, the working performance of an engine a is reduced, the emission of harmful particulate matters is increased, a tail gas post processor is polluted, the performance of the engine a is reduced, and the service life of the engine oil is prolonged. Therefore, current forced ventilation systems require a crankcase breather to control the above process, the crankcase breather comprising an air-oil separator e and a pressure control valve f; the crankcase blowby gas is introduced into an inlet of the breather from a cylinder head cover, the gas is filtered by an oil-gas separator e and then is connected into an air inlet manifold, and the gas reenters the combustion process of the engine a before being introduced into an intercooler d. The oil-gas separator plays an extremely important role in a forced ventilation system, and the separation efficiency of the oil-gas separator directly influences the working performance, the emission performance and the service life of an engine. The pressure control valve is used for adjusting the pressure of the crankcase, so that the pressure in the crankcase is prevented from rising due to the blockage of the oil-gas separator; however, when the pressure control valve is opened, pollutants discharged by the engine can be obviously increased, and even the emission of the engine cannot reach the standard.

Disclosure of Invention

Aiming at the defects in the prior art, the invention provides a breather with a crankcase pressure adjusting device and a diesel engine.

The invention is realized by the following technical scheme:

the invention relates to a breather with a crankcase pressure adjusting device, which comprises a gas mixing area, an oil-gas separation area and an oil return area which are sequentially arranged;

the gas mixing area is provided with a crankcase blow-by gas pipe and a flow guide piece; the crankcase blowby gas pipe is connected with a pressure adjusting device, and the pressure adjusting device is provided with a reduced flow passage at the part extending into the crankcase blowby gas pipe; the guide piece is provided with a plurality of guide vanes extending towards the oil-gas separation area;

the oil-gas separation area is provided with an oil-gas separator and a filtered gas outlet, and the guide vanes extend into a flow channel in the oil-gas separator;

the oil return area is provided with an oil return hole.

The pressure regulating device is filled with momentum gas.

In some technical schemes, the oil-gas separation area is provided with a drainage end cover at the tail end of a flow channel in the oil-gas separator, and the drainage end cover protrudes towards the direction of a flow guide piece in the flow channel; preferably, the protrusion is tapered, further preferably the protrusion is conical.

The gas mixing area comprises a breather end cover, and a crankcase blow-by gas pipe is fixed on the breather end cover; the oil-gas separation area comprises a respirator box body, and the oil-gas separator is fixed in the respirator box body; the respirator end cover and the respirator box body are fixedly connected and sealed, and are preferably screwed through a threaded sleeve.

Preferably, the crankcase blow-by gas tube is rotatable relative to the respirator end cap.

In some embodiments, the width of the guide vanes decreases gradually in the direction of extension of the guide.

Preferably, the flow guide part adopts a columnar structure; further preferably, a circular ring columnar structure is adopted, and the guide vanes are uniformly distributed along the circumferential direction.

The columnar structure is transversely provided with a supporting end cover, and the supporting end cover is abutted against the oil-gas separator and is fixed with the respirator box body in a sealing manner.

The invention relates to a diesel engine, which comprises the breather with the crankcase pressure adjusting device.

Technical effects

Compared with the prior art, the invention has the following technical effects:

1) a pressure adjusting device is added on a blow-by gas pipe of a crankcase, momentum gas with higher flow rate and pressure is introduced through the pressure adjusting device, and the flow rate of the momentum gas is further improved when the momentum gas flows through the reduction type flow passage; according to an ideal gas state equation: the P1V 1-P2V 2 causes the surrounding pressure to drop sharply at the high-flow-rate momentum gas at the reduced flow passage, a relative negative pressure zone is formed, and then the gas in the crankcase blowby gas pipe is driven to flow rapidly, the average pressure in the crankcase is reduced, so that the regulation of the pressure in the crankcase and the stable emission of the engine are realized; the problem of abnormal discharge caused by the adoption of a pressure control valve is avoided;

2) by adding the flow guide piece, the concentrated impact of the impurity-containing gas on a local area on the oil-gas separator is avoided, and the separation and filtration efficiency is improved;

3) by adding the drainage end cover, part of liquid drops which reach the surface of the filter element of the oil-gas separator and are intercepted are guided to the oil-gas separator again, the liquid drops penetrate through the oil-gas separator and then enter the oil return hole under the action of osmosis, accumulation of the liquid drops is avoided, mixed gas reaching the bottom of the oil-gas separator is guided to the filter element of the oil-gas separator, turbulent flow of the gas at the bottom of the oil-gas separator is avoided, and oil-gas separation efficiency is improved.

Drawings

FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram of a prior art forced air system;

FIG. 2 is a schematic view showing the structure of a breather with a crankcase pressure adjusting device in embodiment 1;

FIG. 3 is a schematic view of the structure of a flow guide in example 1;

FIG. 4 is a schematic view of the drainage end cap in example 1;

in the figure:

the system comprises an engine a, a cylinder b, a supercharger c, an intercooler d, an oil-gas separator e and a pressure control valve f;

the device comprises an upper end cover 1, a respirator end cover 2, a respirator box body 3, a flow guide piece 4, a flow guide end cover 5, a pressure adjusting device 6, a crankcase blowby gas pipe 7, a threaded sleeve 8, a sealing piece 9, a sealing ring 10, a filtering filter element 11, an oil return hole 12, a sealing ring 13, a filtered gas outlet 14, a side gas pipe 15, a respirator box body 16, a supporting end cover 41 and a flow guide vane 42.

Detailed Description

The invention is described in detail below with reference to the drawings and the detailed description.