阅读说明：本技术 一种水下不规则面的密封装置及密封方法 (Sealing device and sealing method for underwater irregular surface ) 是由 杨申申 高成君 冯骏 于 2021-06-29 设计创作，主要内容包括：本发明涉及一种水下不规则面的密封装置及密封方法,包括耐压结构,所述耐压结构的底部焊接有本体法兰,所述本体法兰的底部两端分别开有槽口,一端的槽口处配合安装一号密封圈,并用一号盖板盖住,然后用一号螺栓锁紧,另一端的槽口处配合安装二号密封圈,并用二号盖板盖住,然后用二号螺栓锁紧；所述一号密封圈和二号密封圈的底部与水接触；本体法兰的中部开有方形槽,所述方形槽内配合放置有一根固定铜管,所述固定铜管的底部中间位置设置有开口,所述开口处通过径向密封圈安装有伸缩铜管,所述伸缩铜管的截面呈“U”形,所述伸缩铜管的内底面与固定铜管的顶面之间安装有拉力弹簧,所述伸缩铜管沿着开口上下滑动,工作可靠。(The invention relates to a sealing device and a sealing method for an underwater irregular surface, which comprises a pressure-resistant structure, wherein a body flange is welded at the bottom of the pressure-resistant structure, two ends of the bottom of the body flange are respectively provided with a notch, a first sealing ring is installed at the notch at one end in a matched mode and covered by a first cover plate and then locked by a first bolt, a second sealing ring is installed at the notch at the other end in a matched mode and covered by a second cover plate and then locked by a second bolt; the bottoms of the first sealing ring and the second sealing ring are contacted with water; the middle part of body flange is opened there is square groove, a fixed copper pipe has been placed to square inslot cooperation, the bottom intermediate position of fixed copper pipe is provided with the opening, flexible copper pipe is installed through radial seal circle to the opening part, the cross-section of flexible copper pipe is "U" shape, install tension spring between the interior bottom surface of flexible copper pipe and the top surface of fixed copper pipe, flexible copper pipe slides from top to bottom along the opening, reliable operation.)

1. An underwater irregular surface sealing device, comprising a pressure-resistant structure (18), characterized in that: a body flange (13) is welded at the bottom of the pressure-resistant structure (18), notches are respectively formed in two ends of the bottom of the body flange (13), a first sealing ring (17) is installed at the notch of one end in a matched mode and covered by a first cover plate (16) and then locked by a first bolt (15), a second sealing ring (21) is installed at the notch of the other end in a matched mode and covered by a second cover plate (24) and then locked by a second bolt (26); the bottoms of the first sealing ring (17) and the second sealing ring (21) are contacted with water (22);

a square groove is formed in the middle of the body flange (13), a fixed copper pipe (1) is placed in the square groove in a matched mode, an opening is formed in the middle of the bottom of the fixed copper pipe (1), a telescopic copper pipe (14) is installed at the opening through a radial sealing ring (20), the section of the telescopic copper pipe (14) is U-shaped, a tension spring (19) is installed between the inner bottom surface of the telescopic copper pipe (14) and the top surface of the fixed copper pipe (1), and the telescopic copper pipe (14) slides up and down along the opening;

the external part of the fixed copper pipe (1) is sequentially connected with a compressor (7), a condenser (9), a first electromagnetic valve (12) and a throttle valve (11) in series to form a closed loop, and a third pressure gauge (5), a second electromagnetic valve (6), a regulating pump (2) and a cooling liquid collector (3) are also connected in series at the position of the fixed copper pipe (1) between the condenser (9) and the throttle valve (11);

the fixed copper pipe (1) is internally provided with a refrigerant (4).

2. An underwater irregular surface sealing device as claimed in claim 1, wherein: the section of the first sealing ring (17) is of an inverted conical structure, and a long strip-shaped structure extends outwards from the outer side of the bottom of the first sealing ring (17).

3. An underwater irregular surface sealing device as claimed in claim 2, wherein: the bottom surface of the strip-shaped structure is in contact with the river bed (25).

4. An underwater irregular surface sealing device as claimed in claim 1, wherein: the section of the second sealing ring (21) is trapezoidal.

5. An underwater irregular surface sealing device as claimed in claim 1, wherein: the bottom surface of the second sealing ring (21) is contacted with a river bed (25).

6. An underwater irregular surface sealing device as claimed in claim 1, wherein: the mounting height of the first sealing ring (17) is higher than that of the second sealing ring (21).

7. An underwater irregular surface sealing device as claimed in claim 1, wherein: a first pressure gauge (8) and a second pressure gauge (10) are respectively arranged on the fixed copper pipes (1) on two sides of the compressor (7).

8. An underwater irregular surface sealing device as claimed in claim 1, wherein: the telescopic copper pipe (14) is made of copper materials.

9. An underwater irregular surface sealing device as claimed in claim 1, wherein: the regulating pump (2) adopts a water-resistant pump set.

10. A sealing method using the underwater irregular surface sealing device according to claim 1, characterized in that: the method comprises the following operation steps:

the first step is as follows: the whole sealing device is installed;

the second step is that: the crane lifts the whole sealing device to a riverbed (25) needing to be maintained;

the third step: the second sealing ring (21) is contacted with a river bed (25);

the fourth step: at the moment, opening a second electromagnetic valve (6), starting an adjusting pump (2) to work, applying pressure to the inside of the fixed copper pipe (1), descending the telescopic copper pipes (14), and stopping pressurizing work after the top surfaces of all the telescopic copper pipes (14) contact a riverbed (25);

the fifth step: the first electromagnetic valve (12) is opened, the compressor (7) and the condenser (9) work, the refrigerant (4) circularly flows in the fixed copper pipe (1) and the telescopic copper pipe (14), water (22) around the telescopic copper pipe (14) is cooled and is formed into ice blocks (23) through the cooling effect of the refrigerant (4), and the riverbed (25), the ice blocks (23), the telescopic copper pipe (14) and the body flange (13) are connected to form an effective sealing structure with an integral structure;

and a sixth step: water (22) in the device is pumped completely by adopting pumping equipment, and a dry normal-pressure environment is formed inside the device;

the seventh step: maintenance personnel enter the cabin to operate, and in the operation process, the compressor (7) and the condenser (9) always work to ensure the effective icing state of the ice blocks (23);

eighth step: after the operation is finished, the compressor (7) and the condenser (9) stop working, and the ice blocks (23) are naturally thawed;

the ninth step: after the ice blocks (23) are completely thawed, the second electromagnetic valve (6) is opened again, the regulating pump (2) is started, the pressure in the fixed copper pipe (1) is reduced, the telescopic copper pipes (14) ascend, and after all the telescopic copper pipes (14) are retracted, the pressure reduction work is stopped, so that one operation task is completed.

Technical Field

The invention relates to the technical field of underwater engineering sealing equipment, in particular to a sealing device and a sealing method for an underwater irregular surface.

Background

In winter, when the river water level is low, in order to repair the damaged surface of the underwater apron concrete of the hydropower station, two methods are generally adopted in the prior art:

firstly, cofferdam is carried out on the whole underwater apron concrete, and then water in the cofferdam is pumped out for repairing;

the second method is to use a pneumatic sinking cabinet method, the pneumatic sinking cabinet is buckled on the surface of underwater concrete, then river water in the sinking cabinet is drained, and personnel enter the sinking cabinet to operate.

The first method wastes a lot of time, manpower and financial resources; the second method is often to touch the concrete surface and appear damaged face, concave-convex surface or pit, it is sealed that conventional rubber seal is sealed to be between the sealing washer of the heavy cabinet bottom of atmospheric pressure and the apron concrete face under water, the sealing washer does not have the compensation effect, rivers accessible sealing washer pit flows into in the heavy cabinet, can not reach sealed purpose, it can not carry out the ordinary pressure work to sink the cabinet inside, need use a large amount of divers in the operation process, consequently, operating time and the degree of difficulty have been increased, when personnel go out the cabin, need carry out the decompression operation often, improper operation, can cause certain danger to sinking the interior personnel of cabinet even.

The commonly used underwater sealing method is that the sealing ring needs to be in contact with a flat surface and has a certain amount of compression to achieve the sealing requirement. However, in reality, the sealing surface is often damaged, or uneven surfaces such as pits or bumps are formed, and the conventional sealing material has no compensation function, and the sealing purpose is obviously not achieved by the conventional sealing means.

Disclosure of Invention

The applicant aims at the defects in the prior art and provides a sealing device and a sealing method for an underwater irregular surface, so that the underwater damaged surface can be effectively sealed conveniently, and the use is reliable and safe.

The technical scheme adopted by the invention is as follows:

a sealing device for an underwater irregular surface comprises a pressure-resistant structure, wherein a body flange is welded at the bottom of the pressure-resistant structure, two ends of the bottom of the body flange are respectively provided with a notch, a first sealing ring is installed at the notch of one end in a matched mode and covered by a first cover plate and then locked by a first bolt, a second sealing ring is installed at the notch of the other end in a matched mode and covered by a second cover plate and then locked by a second bolt; the bottoms of the first sealing ring and the second sealing ring are contacted with water;

the middle part of the body flange is provided with a square groove, a fixed copper pipe is arranged in the square groove in a matched mode, an opening is formed in the middle of the bottom of the fixed copper pipe, a telescopic copper pipe is installed at the opening through a radial sealing ring, the section of the telescopic copper pipe is U-shaped, a tension spring is installed between the inner bottom surface of the telescopic copper pipe and the top surface of the fixed copper pipe, and the telescopic copper pipe slides up and down along the opening;

the outside of the fixed copper pipe is sequentially connected with a compressor, a condenser, a first electromagnetic valve and a throttle valve in series to form a closed loop, and a third pressure gauge, a second electromagnetic valve, a regulating pump and a cooling liquid collector are also connected in series at the position of the fixed copper pipe between the condenser and the throttle valve;

the fixed copper pipe is internally provided with a refrigerant.

The further technical scheme is as follows:

the section of the first sealing ring is of an inverted cone structure, and a long strip-shaped structure extends outwards from the outer side of the bottom of the first sealing ring.

The bottom surface of the strip-shaped structure is contacted with the river bed.

The section of the second sealing ring is trapezoidal.

The bottom surface of the second sealing ring is contacted with a river bed.

The mounting height of the first sealing ring is higher than that of the second sealing ring.

A first pressure gauge and a second pressure gauge are respectively installed on the fixed copper pipes on two sides of the compressor.

The telescopic copper pipe is made of copper materials.

The regulating pump adopts a water-resistant pump set.

A sealing method of a sealing device for an underwater irregular surface comprises the following operation steps:

the first step is as follows: the whole sealing device is installed;

the second step is that: the crane lifts the whole sealing device to a riverbed needing to be maintained;

the third step: the second sealing ring is contacted with the riverbed;

the fourth step: opening a second electromagnetic valve, starting an adjusting pump to work, applying pressure to the fixed copper pipe, descending the telescopic copper pipes, and stopping pressurizing work after the top surfaces of all the telescopic copper pipes contact the riverbed;

the fifth step: the first electromagnetic valve is opened, the compressor and the condenser work, the refrigerant circularly flows in the fixed copper pipe and the telescopic copper pipe, the water around the telescopic copper pipe is cooled and formed into ice blocks under the cooling action of the refrigerant, and the riverbed, the ice blocks, the telescopic copper pipe and the body flange are connected to form an effective sealing structure with an integral structure;

and a sixth step: water in the equipment is pumped completely by adopting pumping equipment, and a dry normal-pressure environment is formed inside the equipment;

the seventh step: the maintenance personnel enter the cabin for operation, and the compressor and the condenser work all the time in the operation process, so that the effective icing state of the ice blocks is ensured;

eighth step: after the operation is finished, the compressor and the condenser stop working, and the ice blocks are naturally thawed;

the ninth step: and after the ice blocks are completely thawed, opening the second electromagnetic valve again, starting the regulating pump, decompressing the fixed copper pipe, lifting the telescopic copper pipes, and stopping decompressing after all the telescopic copper pipes are withdrawn, so that one-time operation task is completed.

The invention has the following beneficial effects:

the invention has compact and reasonable structure and convenient operation, the heat of the coolant in the copper pipe is conducted to the river water around the copper pipe below the body flange through the refrigerating system and the auxiliary heat conduction device, the river water at the bottom of the body flange is rapidly cooled and frozen to form a sealing structure which takes the damaged concrete surface, ice blocks and flange as a whole, the purpose of sealing the damaged surface, pit or concave-convex surface under water is achieved, and the use is reliable and safe.

Meanwhile, the invention also has the following advantages:

1) the device and the method are suitable for sealing the underwater irregular surface with shallow depth, and solve the problem that the underwater irregular surface such as an underwater damaged surface, a pit or a concave-convex surface and the like cannot be sealed.

2) Compared with the existing air pressure sink cabinet, the equipment built by the invention has the advantages of improved reliability, good economy, low manufacturing cost and low later maintenance cost.

3) The working environment in the equipment cabin built by the invention is normal pressure, so that the danger of working under pressure of personnel is avoided.

4) The invention is mainly used for underwater sealing before repairing damaged surfaces of hydropower station underwater flat protection plate concrete, dams and the like, and can also be applied to sealing operation of other underwater projects after special transformation.

Drawings

Fig. 1 is a schematic diagram of the present invention.

Fig. 2 is a schematic view of the installation of the copper tube of the present invention (before sealing).

Fig. 3 is a schematic view of the installation of the copper tube of the present invention (after sealing).

Wherein: 1. fixing a copper pipe; 2. adjusting the pump; 3. a coolant collector; 4. a refrigerant; 5. a third pressure gauge; 6. a second electromagnetic valve; 7. a compressor; 8. a first pressure gauge; 9. a condenser; 10. a second pressure gauge; 11. a throttle valve; 12. a first electromagnetic valve; 13. a body flange; 14. a telescopic copper pipe; 15. a first bolt; 16. a first cover plate; 17. a first sealing ring; 18. a voltage-resistant structure; 19. a tension spring; 20. a radial seal ring; 21. a second sealing ring; 22. water; 23. ice cubes; 24. a second cover plate; 25. a riverbed; 26. and a second bolt.

Detailed Description

The following describes embodiments of the present invention with reference to the drawings.

As shown in fig. 1, 2 and 3, the sealing device for the underwater irregular surface of the embodiment comprises a pressure-resistant structure 18, wherein a body flange 13 is welded at the bottom of the pressure-resistant structure 18, two ends of the bottom of the body flange 13 are respectively provided with a notch, a first sealing ring 17 is installed at the notch at one end in a matching manner and covered by a first cover plate 16, then the first sealing ring is locked by a first bolt 15, a second sealing ring 21 is installed at the notch at the other end in a matching manner and covered by a second cover plate 24, and then the second sealing ring is locked by a second bolt 26; the bottoms of the first sealing ring 17 and the second sealing ring 21 are contacted with water 22;

the middle part of the body flange 13 is provided with a square groove, a fixed copper pipe 1 is arranged in the square groove in a matching manner, an opening is formed in the middle position of the bottom of the fixed copper pipe 1, a telescopic copper pipe 14 is arranged at the opening through a radial sealing ring 20, the section of the telescopic copper pipe 14 is U-shaped, a tension spring 19 is arranged between the inner bottom surface of the telescopic copper pipe 14 and the top surface of the fixed copper pipe 1, and the telescopic copper pipe 14 slides up and down along the opening;

the compressor 7, the condenser 9, the first electromagnetic valve 12 and the throttle valve 11 are sequentially connected in series outside the fixed copper pipe 1 to form a closed loop, and the third pressure gauge 5, the second electromagnetic valve 6, the regulating pump 2 and the cooling liquid collector 3 are also connected in series at the position, located between the condenser 9 and the throttle valve 11, of the fixed copper pipe 1;

the refrigerant 4 is contained in the fixed copper pipe 1.

The section of the first sealing ring 17 is in an inverted cone structure, and a long strip structure extends outwards from the outer side of the bottom of the first sealing ring 17.

The bottom surface of the elongated structure is in contact with the river bed 25.

The section of the second sealing ring 21 is trapezoidal.

The bottom surface of the second sealing ring 21 is in contact with the river bed 25.

The installation height of the first sealing ring 17 is higher than that of the second sealing ring 21.

A first pressure gauge 8 and a second pressure gauge 10 are respectively arranged on the fixed copper pipes 1 at two sides of the compressor 7.

The telescopic copper pipe 14 is made of copper material.

The regulating pump 2 adopts a water-resistant pump set.

The sealing method of the sealing device for the underwater irregular surface comprises the following operation steps:

the first step is as follows: the whole sealing device is installed;

the second step is that: the crane lifts the whole sealing device to the riverbed 25 to be maintained;

the third step: the second sealing ring 21 is contacted with the riverbed 25;

the fourth step: at the moment, the second electromagnetic valve 6 is opened, the regulating pump 2 is started to work, pressure is applied to the inside of the fixed copper pipe 1, the telescopic copper pipes 14 descend, and the pressurizing work is stopped after the top surfaces of all the telescopic copper pipes 14 contact with the riverbed 25;

the fifth step: the first electromagnetic valve 12 is opened, the compressor 7 and the condenser 9 work, the refrigerant 4 circularly flows in the fixed copper pipe 1 and the telescopic copper pipe 14, the water 22 around the telescopic copper pipe 14 is cooled and formed into ice blocks 23 through the cooling effect of the refrigerant 4, and the riverbed 25, the ice blocks 23, the telescopic copper pipe 14 and the body flange 13 are connected to form an effective sealing structure with an integral structure;

and a sixth step: water 22 in the device is pumped out completely by adopting pumping equipment, and a dry normal-pressure environment is formed inside the device;

the seventh step: the maintenance personnel enter the cabin for operation, and in the operation process, the compressor 7 and the condenser 9 always work to ensure the effective icing state of the ice blocks 23;

eighth step: after the operation is finished, the compressor 7 and the condenser 9 stop working, and the ice blocks 23 are naturally unfrozen;

the ninth step: after the ice blocks 23 are completely thawed, the second electromagnetic valve 6 is opened again, the regulating pump 2 is started to reduce the pressure in the fixed copper pipe 1, the telescopic copper pipes 14 ascend, and after all the telescopic copper pipes 14 are retracted, the pressure reduction work is stopped, so that one operation task is completed.

The specific structure and function of the invention are as follows:

the system mainly comprises a refrigeration system, a sealing device, a pressure regulating system, an auxiliary heat transfer device and a body system.

The refrigeration system mainly includes: the device comprises a fixed copper pipe 1, a refrigerant 4, a compressor 7, a first pressure gauge 8, a condenser 9, a second pressure gauge 10, a throttle valve 11 and a first electromagnetic valve 12. Except for fixing the copper pipe 1, other equipment can be installed on the pressure-resistant structure 18, and the compressor 7 needs to be sealed by a special pressure-resistant structure and is cooled by water outside the structure.

The refrigerating system is used for circularly refrigerating the fixed copper pipe 1 and refrigerating with the refrigerator.

The sealing device mainly comprises: a first seal ring 17 and a second seal ring 21.

The sealing device has the following functions: the first sealing ring 17 is used for first sealing, is two centimeters higher than the second sealing ring 21, can prevent more water flow from flowing into the interior from the outside, and reduces the internal and external pressure difference, and the first sealing ring 17 is installed by installing the first sealing ring 17 on the body flange 13 and then installing and embedding the first sealing ring 17 into the first cover plate 16 by using the first bolt 15; the second sealing ring 21 is used for second sealing, has a bearing effect and bears the weight of the whole device, and the second sealing ring 21 is installed by firstly installing the second sealing ring 21 on the body flange 13 and then installing and embedding the second cover plate 24 by using a second bolt 26. No. one sealing washer 17 and No. two sealing washers 21 belong to easy consumptive material, and this kind of mounting means is convenient for the change to the sealing washer.

The pressure regulating system mainly comprises: the Sa Manchu arranges a third pressure gauge 5, a second electromagnetic valve 6, a regulating pump 2 and a cooling liquid collector 3. The pressure regulating system equipment can be installed in the pressure resistant structure 18. then, the regulating pump 2 can select a water-resistant pump set.

The pressure regulating system has the function of increasing or extracting the coolant by adopting the regulating pump 2 to increase or reduce the pressure in the fixed copper pipe 1, so that the telescopic copper pipe 14 connected with the fixed copper pipe 1 can move up and down.

The auxiliary heat transfer device mainly comprises: telescopic copper tube 14, tension spring 19 and radial sealing ring 20. In order to reduce the freezing time, the auxiliary heat transfer devices are mainly arranged along the circumference of the fixed copper pipe 1 at an absolute distance of five centimeters.

The auxiliary heat transfer device has the function of rapidly transferring the heat of the coolant in the fixed copper pipe 1 to the water 22 through the telescopic copper pipe 14 to form rapid freezing of the water 22.

The tension spring 19 is used for giving an initial force to the telescopic copper pipe 14 after the ice block 23 is thawed after the operation is finished, and offsetting the frictional resistance of the radial sealing ring 20 to the telescopic copper pipe 14.

The radial sealing ring 20 is used for forming effective dynamic sealing in the up-and-down movement process of the telescopic copper pipe 14 and preventing the coolant in the fixed copper pipe 1 from leaking.

The telescopic copper pipe 14 is made of copper, is of a hollow U-shaped structure, is filled with a coolant, is beneficial to the circulation and exchange of the coolant in the copper pipe, and the tension spring 19 is connected with the bottom of the telescopic copper pipe 14.

The body system mainly comprises a body flange 13 and a pressure-resistant structure 18.

The body system is used for assembling other systems and devices, preventing water outside the device from entering the device, and providing a dry type working environment for internal workers.

The working principle of the invention is as follows:

the heat of the coolant in the copper pipe is conducted to the river around the copper pipe below the body flange 13 through the refrigerating system and the auxiliary heat conduction device, the river at the bottom of the body flange 13 is rapidly cooled and frozen to form a sealing structure which takes the damaged concrete surface, the ice blocks 23 and the flange as a whole, and the purpose of sealing the damaged surface, the pits or the concave-convex surface under water is achieved.

The specific operation process of the invention is as follows:

the whole device is hung on a riverbed 25 to be maintained, and the second sealing ring 21 is in contact with the riverbed 25; opening the second electromagnetic valve 6, starting the regulating pump 2, pressurizing the fixed copper pipe 1, descending the telescopic copper pipes 14, and stopping pressurizing after all the telescopic copper pipes 14 contact the riverbed 25; opening the first electromagnetic valve 12, starting a refrigerating system, and when water around the telescopic copper pipe 14 freezes, forming effective seal with a riverbed 25, ice blocks 23, the telescopic copper pipe 14 and the body flange 13 as an integral structure, and completely pumping water in the equipment by adopting pumping equipment to form a dry normal-pressure environment inside; the maintenance personnel enter the cabin to operate, and the refrigeration system always works in the operation process; after the operation is finished, the refrigeration system stops working, the ice blocks 23 are naturally thawed, after the ice blocks are completely thawed, the second electromagnetic valve 6 is opened, the regulating pump 2 is started to reduce the pressure in the fixed copper pipe 1, the telescopic copper pipes 14 rise, and the pressure reduction is stopped after all the telescopic copper pipes 14 are withdrawn, so that an operation task is finished.

The above description is intended to be illustrative and not restrictive, and the scope of the invention is defined by the appended claims, which may be modified in any manner within the scope of the invention.