阅读说明：本技术 喷雾冷却相变热沉一体化蒸发冷却装置 (Spray cooling phase change heat sink integrated evaporation cooling device ) 是由 李俞先 于 2020-03-30 设计创作，主要内容包括：本发明公开的一种喷雾冷却相变热沉一体化蒸发冷却装置,旨在提供一种解决喷雾冷却与相变热沉的集成问题的冷却装置。本发明通过下述技术方案实现：在液体泵驱动下的高动量液质进入雾化喷射装置雾化,形成向下冲击喷射区的雾状液流,全面覆盖底层喷雾腔高热流密度的发热源,被喷射的雾状液体工质被发热源表面喷雾区域加热后变为蒸发汽化的蒸汽流,穿过气相工质储存腔上部连通的弯管回流道管,加剧扩散至相变热沉容器内表面进行高换热,所携带的热量在容器内表面被相变热沉吸收冷却,冷却后液体在液体泵的驱动下,重新得到喷射,如此循环往复,将发热源的热量传递至相变热沉中进行冷却循环,从而实现不具备外部散热条件的高热流密度设备的高效散热。(The invention discloses a spray cooling phase change heat sink integrated evaporation cooling device, and aims to provide a cooling device for solving the problem of integration of spray cooling and phase change heat sink. The invention is realized by the following technical scheme: high momentum liquid under the drive of the liquid pump enters the atomizing and spraying device to be atomized to form a vaporific liquid flow impacting a spraying area downwards, a heating source with high heat flow density in a bottom spraying cavity is covered comprehensively, vaporific liquid working medium sprayed is heated by a surface spraying area of the heating source to become steam flow evaporated and vaporized, the steam flow passes through a bent pipe backflow pipeline communicated with the upper part of a gas phase working medium storage cavity and is diffused to the inner surface of a phase change heat sink container to carry out high heat exchange, the carried heat is absorbed and cooled by the phase change heat sink on the inner surface of the container, the cooled liquid is sprayed again under the drive of the liquid pump, the circulation is repeated, the heat of the heating source is transferred to the phase change heat sink to carry out cooling circulation, and efficient heat dissipation of high heat flow density equipment without external heat dissipation.)

1. A spray-cooled phase change heat sink integrated evaporative cooling device, comprising: liquid working medium atomizing and injecting device (1) and setting up in gaseous phase working medium storage chamber (2) correspond the source (6) that generates heat of shower nozzle in storage chamber bottom, communicate heat sink (3) of the phase transition of liquid working medium atomizing and injecting device (1) and storage chamber (4) that liquid working medium flows back, its characterized in that: the liquid working medium gathered in the storage cavity (4) passes through the liquid pump (7) of the straight-through connecting pipeline, the high momentum liquid working medium driven by the liquid pump (7) enters the atomizing and spraying device (1) for atomizing, then forms downward fog-shaped liquid flow impacting and spraying (5), the heating source (6) with high heat flow density in the bottom spraying cavity is fully covered, the sprayed fog-shaped liquid working medium is heated by the surface spraying area of the heating source (6) and then is changed into vaporized steam flow, the steam flow passes through the bent pipe backflow pipeline communicated with the upper part of the gas phase working medium storage cavity (2), the steam flow is intensively diffused to the inner surface of the container of the phase-change heat sink (3) for high heat exchange, the carried heat is absorbed by the phase-change heat sink on the inner surface of the container, the cooled liquid phase working medium is gathered in the liquid working medium storage cavity (4), the spraying is obtained again under the driving of the liquid pump (7), the circulation is repeated, the heat of the heating source (6) is transferred to, thereby realizing the high-efficiency heat dissipation of the equipment with high heat flux without external heat dissipation conditions.

2. The spray-cooled phase-change heat sink integrated evaporative cooling device of claim 1, wherein: a liquid input pipeline of the atomization injection device (1) penetrates through the side wall of the gas-phase working medium storage cavity (2) to be communicated with an output pipeline of the liquid pump (7), and is connected with a confluence pipeline of each liquid-phase working medium storage cavity (4) through a liquid input pipeline of the liquid pump (7).

3. The spray-cooled phase-change heat sink integrated evaporative cooling device of claim 1, wherein: the heating sources (6) are distributed and fixed at the bottom of the gas-phase working medium storage cavity (2) corresponding to the nozzles arranged below the atomizing and spraying device (1).

4. The spray-cooled phase-change heat sink integrated evaporative cooling device of claim 1, wherein: the top of the gas phase working medium storage cavity (2) is connected with the cavity where the phase change heat sink 3 is located through a pipeline.

5. The spray-cooled phase-change heat sink integrated evaporative cooling device of claim 1, wherein: the upper part of the gas phase working medium storage cavity (2) is communicated with a plurality of phase change heat sinks (3) of which the bottom is a liquid phase working medium storage cavity (4) through a plurality of rows of airflow channels.

6. The spray-cooled phase-change heat sink integrated evaporative cooling device of claim 1, wherein: the liquid phase working medium storage cavity (4) and the closed cavity where the phase change heat sink (3) is located are the same cavity, wherein the upper half part is provided with the phase change heat sink (3), and the lower half part is used for collecting the condensed liquid working medium.

7. The spray-cooled phase-change heat sink integrated evaporative cooling device of claim 1, wherein: the phase-change heat sink (3) is of a multi-tooth or porous structure, and the heat exchange between the high-temperature gas and the phase-change heat sink (3) is enhanced by adopting a multi-tooth straight-groove fin with fins distributed on the surface or a pit shape arranged by rectangular fins of a porous structure.

8. The spray-cooled phase-change heat sink integrated evaporative cooling device of claim 1, wherein: each parallel liquid input pipeline of the liquid pump (7) is connected with each confluence pipeline of the corresponding liquid phase working medium storage cavity (4); the liquid phase working medium storage cavity (4) is communicated with the other end of the cavity where the phase change heat sink (3) is positioned through respective confluence pipelines to the gas phase working medium storage cavity (2).

9. The spray-cooled phase-change heat sink integrated evaporative cooling device of claim 1, wherein: the liquid working medium storage cavity (4) and the phase-change heat sink (3) are both a cavity liquid working medium of a closed cavity, cooling liquid is conveyed to the liquid pump (7) through a pipeline, the liquid pump (7) supplies enough pressure to pressurize the passing liquid working medium, then the liquid working medium is conveyed to a spray head of the sealed atomization injection device (1) in the gas working medium storage cavity (2), and a heating source (6) is arranged below the cavity to carry out atomization injection.

10. The spray-cooled phase-change heat sink integrated evaporative cooling device of claim 1, wherein: the pipeline between the phase-change heat sink (3) and the liquid phase working medium storage cavity (4) which are in a multi-tooth or porous structure forms a circulating closed system together through a closed cavity communicated with the gas phase working medium storage cavity (2) and the atomizing and spraying device (1) communicated with the liquid pump (7).

Technical Field

The invention relates to a heat dissipation cooling device which can be widely applied to the field of heat dissipation of heat sources with high heat flux density.

Background

With the rapid development of electronic information technology, technologies such as high integration and miniaturization of electronic components have been rapidly developed, and have penetrated into various fields, and their application environments have been continuously expanded. As electronic products are continuously developed towards miniaturization, the packaging density of electronic devices is continuously improved, the power is higher, and the external dimension is gradually reduced. Especially, high-power devices generate a large amount of useless heat during operation, and the heating power of devices inside equipment is continuously increased, so that the power density and the heat flow density of electronic components are continuously increased. These trends in electronic products have made the problem of overheating of electronic devices more and more prominent. How to efficiently and reliably solve the problem of good heat dissipation of high heat flux density of a high-power device is important for ensuring the normal operation of equipment. Since overheating of electronic devices is one of the main causes of failure of electronic products, research data shows that the temperature of semiconductor devices is increased by 10 ℃ and the reliability is reduced by 50%. The heat dissipation capability of the traditional electronic heat dissipation methods such as natural air cooling convection, forced convection, heat pipe water cooling heat dissipation and the like can not meet the requirement of temperature control and the requirement of future electronic technology development. At present, among numerous heat dissipation methods, the spray cooling technology is widely concerned with its advantages of high heat dissipation capability, small temperature difference during cooling, small working medium demand and the like. The spray cooling heat transfer mechanism is heat transfer through convection heat transfer, liquid film surface evaporation, nucleate boiling and secondary nucleate boiling on the liquid film surface. The key composition of the experimental system is a circulating spray cooling experimental system which is built by a spray cooling heat exchanger part provided with a nozzle, a pump and a coolant. However, in a closed-loop air-assisted atomized spray system, how to discharge the gas in the recovered coolant is a very complicated problem, and especially, the gas can damage a condenser in a circulating system, so that the air-assisted atomized spray cooling system is not easy to realize loop control, the coolant is not easy to collect after being vaporized, and the recovered coolant medium is not easy to be placed in a loop for recycling. The energy and mass transfer process of spray phase change cooling is very complicated. Research shows that the performance of spray phase change cooling is influenced by the coupling mechanism of multiple factors such as nozzle characteristics, spray height, working medium flow and the like, and the spray cooling heat exchange mode is not widely applied and is mostly in experimental research. At present, how to integrate a cooling liquid recycling heat exchange system for spray cooling into the whole spray cooling system and miniaturizing the system as much as possible is a key problem of application of a spray cooling heat exchange technology. Because the temperature of the cooling medium is increased after the cooling medium exchanges heat with the heat source in the traditional spray cooling method, the high-temperature working medium needs to be cooled again after exchanging heat with the outside through the heat exchanger, and then can be atomized and sprayed to the surface of the heat source again. The spray cooling system in the form comprises an external heat exchanger, and the heat exchanger dissipates heat carried by spray cooling working medium to other heat sinks such as environment and the like in an air cooling or liquid cooling heat dissipation mode. The spray cooling system has large volume, complex system composition and poor reliability. And the heat dissipation mode needs external heat dissipation measures such as an air heat sink or a liquid heat sink. The above heat dissipation method cannot be directly applied without external heat dissipation conditions. In this case, a common heat dissipation manner is to use the phase change energy storage material shown in fig. 2 to absorb the large heat generated by the device for a short time, so as to avoid an excessive increase in the temperature of the chip. In the conventional phase-change cooling heat dissipation manner, the heat dissipation surface of the heat source 6 with high heat flux density is usually tightly attached to the phase-change heat sink 8, or the surface of the heat source 6 and the surface of the conventional phase-change heat sink 8 are connected through a heat pipe, so that the heat source 6 and the phase-change heat sink 8 can be separately placed. The two modes have the defects of large heat transfer resistance and high temperature rise. The phase-change material (such as paraffin) has low heat conductivity coefficient, and the traditional heat dissipation structure is not beneficial to quickly and uniformly transferring heat to the interior of the phase-change material, so that the temperature of a heat source is overhigh. The traditional phase change cooling device has larger thermal contact resistance between the surface of a heat source and the surface of a phase change heat sink, which is also one of the reasons for overhigh temperature of the heat source.

Disclosure of Invention

The invention aims at the cooling problem of high heat flow density electronic elements, in particular to the heat dissipation problem of a high heat flow density heat source without an external heat dissipation heat sink and the defects of the prior art, and provides a heat dissipation system which has higher heat exchange efficiency, less coolant demand and more uniform heat source surface temperature distribution, reduces the chip junction temperature, enlarges the application range of spray cooling, reduces the volume of the spray cooling system and ensures that the spray cooling can be applied to equipment without the external heat dissipation heat sink. Solves the integration problem of spray cooling and phase change heat sink,

the above object of the present invention can be achieved by a spray-cooled phase-change heat sink integrated evaporative cooling device, comprising: the liquid working medium atomizing and spraying device 1 arranged in the gas-phase working medium storage cavity 2 and the heating source 6 arranged at the bottom of the storage cavity corresponding to the spray head are communicated with the phase-change heat sink 3 of the liquid working medium atomizing and spraying device 1 and the storage cavity 4 for liquid working medium backflow, and the device is characterized in that: the liquid working medium gathered in the storage cavity 4 passes through the liquid pump 7 of the direct connecting pipeline, the high momentum liquid substance driven by the liquid pump 7 enters the atomizing and spraying device 1 to be atomized to form a downward fog-shaped liquid flow impacting the spraying area 5, the heating source 6 with high heat flow density in the bottom spraying cavity is completely covered, the sprayed fog-shaped liquid working medium is heated by the surface spraying area of the heating source 6 to be changed into an evaporated and vaporized steam flow, the steam flow passes through the bent pipe return flow passage pipe communicated with the upper part of the gas phase working medium storage cavity 2 to be intensively diffused to the inner surface of the phase change heat sink 3 container to carry out high heat exchange, the carried heat is absorbed by the phase change heat sink on the inner surface of the container, the cooled liquid working medium is gathered in the liquid working medium storage cavity 4, the spraying is obtained again under the driving of the liquid pump 7, the circulation is repeated, and the heat of the heating source 6 is transferred, thereby realizing the high-efficiency heat dissipation of the equipment with high heat flux without external heat dissipation conditions.

The present invention has the following advantageous effects with respect to the prior art.

The invention adopts the liquid working medium atomizing and spraying device 1 arranged in the gas phase working medium storage cavity 2, the heating source 6 arranged at the bottom of the storage cavity and corresponding to the spray head, the phase change heat sink 3 communicated with the liquid working medium atomizing and spraying device 1 and the storage cavity 4 for liquid working medium reflux, the atomizing and cooling technology and the phase change heat dissipation technology are creatively combined, liquid is atomized and sprayed on the heat source through the nozzle, the heat is taken away by gasification, the liquid returns to the condenser to be cooled into liquid state again, a cycle is completed, the volume of the traditional atomizing and cooling system is reduced, and special equipment without external heat dissipation conditions can be applied. Compared with the traditional phase change cooling device, the mode of taking away the heat on the surface of the cooled object by utilizing the liquid atomization boiling heat exchange has the characteristics of small size, light weight, compact structure, large heat conductivity coefficient, good temperature uniformity, small superheat degree, high critical heat flux density and low circulating flow.

The spray phase-change cooling nozzle is used for atomizing a liquid working medium into liquid drops, and endows certain kinetic energy to be sprayed to the heat exchange surface, so that a large amount of heat is taken away by low superheat degree through convection and phase-change heat exchange, the controllability is good, the cooling capacity is high, the cooling efficiency is high, the temperature distribution uniformity is better, the characteristics of large heat transfer coefficient, good temperature uniformity and low superheat degree are realized, and the high-efficiency heat dissipation of a high-heat-flow-density heat source can be realized without external heat sink. The temperature gradient is reduced by adopting a multi-nozzle array injection mode, the problem of large temperature gradient can be reduced, and the defect that the large temperature gradient is generated on the heat exchange surface by single nozzle injection cooling is overcome.

The invention absorbs the carried heat by the phase-change heat sink on the inner surface of the container, the liquid-phase working medium liquid cooled by spraying is gathered in the liquid-phase working medium storage cavity 4, and is driven by the liquid pump 7 to be sprayed along the way again through the return pipe, and the circulation is repeated in such a way, the heat of the heating source 6 is transferred into the phase-change heat sink 3 for cooling circulation, the temperature of the heat source can be controlled in a lower range, the generated circulation flow is small, and compared with the common method that the heat dissipation surface of the heating source 6 with high heat flow density is tightly attached to the phase-change heat sink 8 or the surface of the heating source 6 is connected through the heat pipe, the invention has higher heat dissipation efficiency. The defects of large heat transfer thermal resistance and high temperature rise of the traditional phase change cooling heat dissipation mode can be overcome. The spray cooling mode is adopted to cool the surface of the heat source to reduce the thermal contact resistance between the heat sink and the surface of the heat source, the multi-tooth-shaped phase change heat sink surface capable of fully exchanging heat with high-temperature steam is utilized, the remarkable characteristics of large heat exchange area and low cooling surface temperature are achieved, the heat exchange efficiency is improved, and the defects that the heat conduction coefficient of a phase change material (such as paraffin) of a heat dissipation structure of a traditional phase change cooling device is low, the heat source temperature is too high due to the fact that the large thermal contact resistance exists between the surface of the heat source and the surface of the phase change heat sink, heat is not conductive into the phase change material rapidly and uniformly, and.

Drawings

The present invention will be described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings.

Fig. 1 is a schematic structural diagram of an integrated evaporative cooling device for a spray-cooled phase-change heat sink according to the present invention.

Fig. 2 is a schematic diagram of a conventional phase change cooling heat dissipation principle.

In the figure: 1. atomizing injection apparatus, 2 gaseous phase working medium storage chamber, 3 phase transition heat sinks, 4 liquid phase working medium storage chamber, 5 liquid atomizing injection region, 6 the source that generates heat, 7 liquid pump, 8 traditional phase transition heat sinks.

Detailed Description

See fig. 1. In a preferred embodiment described below, a spray cooled phase change heat sink integrated evaporative cooling device comprises: the liquid working medium atomizing and spraying device 1 arranged in the gas-phase working medium storage cavity 2 and the heating source 6 arranged at the bottom of the storage cavity corresponding to the spray head are communicated with the phase-change heat sink 3 of the liquid working medium atomizing and spraying device 1 and the storage cavity 4 for liquid working medium backflow, wherein: in gaseous phase working medium storage chamber 2, install an atomizing injection apparatus 1, gaseous phase working medium storage chamber 2's bottom and heat source 6 sealing connection, gaseous phase working medium storage chamber 2 other end and a plurality of phase transition heat sinks 3 sealing connection, phase transition heat sinks 3's bottom is liquid phase working medium storage chamber 4. The gas phase working medium storage cavity 2 and the closed cavity where the phase change heat sink 3 is located, the liquid phase working medium storage cavity 4, the liquid pump 7 and the atomization injection device 1 jointly form a circulating closed system. The liquid working medium gathered in the storage cavity 4 passes through the liquid pump 7 of the straight-through connecting pipeline, the high momentum liquid working medium driven by the liquid pump 7 enters the atomizing and spraying device 1, the vaporific working medium sprayed out by the nozzle impacts the surface of the heat source downwards, and the heat source 6 with high heat flow density in the bottom spraying cavity is covered comprehensively. The vaporific liquid working medium sprayed is heated by the spraying area on the surface of the heating source 6 and then is evaporated and vaporized, then the vaporific liquid working medium passes through an air flow channel communicated with the upper part of the gas phase working medium storage cavity 2, the vaporific liquid working medium is diffused to the inner surface of a container of the phase change heat sink 3 to carry out high heat exchange, the heat of high-temperature air flow is absorbed by a phase change material, the gas phase working medium subjected to heat exchange is cooled to become liquid, the liquid working medium is gathered in the liquid working medium storage cavity 4, the liquid pump 7 is driven to spray along the way again, the circulation is reciprocating, the heat of the heating source 6 is transferred to the phase change heat sink 3 to carry out cooling. The liquid input pipeline of the atomizing and spraying device 1 penetrates through the side wall of the gas-phase working medium storage cavity 2 to be communicated with the output pipeline of the liquid pump 7, and is connected with the confluence pipeline of each liquid-phase working medium storage cavity 4 through the liquid input pipeline of the liquid pump 7.

The heating source 6 is distributed and fixed at the bottom of the gas phase working medium storage cavity 2 corresponding to the nozzles arranged below the atomizing and spraying device 1. The top of the gas phase working medium storage cavity 2 is connected with the cavity where the phase change heat sink 3 is located through a pipeline. The liquid phase working medium storage cavity 4 and the closed cavity where the phase change heat sink 3 is located are the same cavity, wherein the upper half part is provided with the phase change heat sink 3, and the lower half part is used for collecting the condensed liquid working medium.

The phase-change heat sink 3 is of a multi-tooth or porous structure, and the multi-tooth straight-groove fins with fins distributed on the surface or the pits arranged by the rectangular fins of the porous structure can be adopted to strengthen the heat exchange between the high-temperature gas and the phase-change heat sink 3, so that the heat exchange area is enlarged, and the heat dissipation efficiency is improved.

The phase-change heat sink 3, the liquid phase working medium storage cavity 4 and the gas phase working medium storage cavity 2 which are in a multi-tooth or porous structure form a closed cavity, and the atomization injection device 1 communicated with the liquid pump 7 form a circulating closed system together.

The liquid pump 7 should be able to provide sufficient pressure to cause the liquid working substance to be atomized and ejected through the nozzle. Each parallel liquid input pipeline of the liquid pump 7 is connected with each confluence pipeline of the corresponding liquid phase working medium storage cavity 4; the liquid phase working medium storage cavity 4 is communicated with the other end of the cavity where the phase change heat sink 3 is positioned through respective confluence pipelines to the gas phase working medium storage cavity 2.

The liquid working medium storage cavity 4 and the phase-change heat sink 3 are both a cavity liquid working medium of a closed cavity, cooling liquid is conveyed to the liquid pump 7 through a pipeline, the liquid pump 7 supplies enough pressure to pressurize the passing liquid working medium, then the liquid working medium is conveyed to the spray head of the atomization injection device 1, and the heating source 6 is arranged below the cavity for atomization injection.

The phase-change heat sink 3 is of a multi-dentate or porous structure to enlarge the heat exchange area, and the phase-change heat sink 3 can adopt a multi-dentate straight-groove fin with fins distributed on the surface or a pit-shaped arrangement of rectangular fins with a porous structure to strengthen the heat exchange between the high-temperature gas and the phase-change heat sink 3.

The above description is only a preferred embodiment of the present invention, and various alterations and modifications can be made without departing from the technical idea of the present invention and according to the common knowledge and conventional means in the field, and all such alterations and modifications are included in the scope of the present invention.