阅读说明：本技术 一种基于微生物发酵技术的农田土质改良装置及方法 (Farmland soil quality improving device and method based on microbial fermentation technology ) 是由 黄锦锦 于 2020-04-18 设计创作，主要内容包括：本发明公开了一种基于微生物发酵技术的农田土质改良装置及方法,属于土质改良技术领域,一种基于微生物发酵技术的农田土质改良装置,包括壳体机构和密封机构,壳体机构包括防护箱,防护箱的顶部外壁上嵌入安装有上固定块,防护箱的顶部外壁上嵌入安装有下固定块,上固定块和下固定块之间固定连接有圆筒状的连接筒体,连接筒体的内部开设有发酵腔,连接筒体包括裂纹层和薄壁层,薄壁层设置在裂纹层的外侧。可以实现在实施过程中,除发酵产物外,其余物质均可回收再利用,不会残留在土壤中,在环保节能的同时可避免对土壤造成二次污染,且发酵产物生成后,直接渗入土壤,可充分发挥其功效,提高了改良效果。(The invention discloses a farmland soil quality improving device and method based on a microbial fermentation technology, belongs to the technical field of soil quality improvement, and relates to a farmland soil quality improving device based on a microbial fermentation technology. The method can realize that other substances except the fermentation product can be recycled and reused in the implementation process, the substances can not remain in the soil, the secondary pollution to the soil can be avoided while the environmental protection and the energy saving are realized, and the fermentation product directly permeates into the soil after being generated, so that the effect can be fully exerted, and the improvement effect is improved.)

1. The utility model provides a farmland soil property improvement device based on microbial fermentation technique, includes housing mechanism (1) and sealing mechanism (2), its characterized in that: the shell mechanism (1) comprises a protective box (101), an upper fixing block (102) is embedded and installed on the outer wall of the top of the protective box (101), a lower fixing block (103) is embedded and installed on the outer wall of the top of the protective box (101), a cylindrical connecting cylinder (104) is fixedly connected between the upper fixing block (102) and the lower fixing block (103), a fermentation cavity (112) is formed in the connecting cylinder (104), the connecting cylinder (104) comprises a crack layer (1041) and a thin-wall layer (1042), the thin-wall layer (1042) is arranged on the outer side of the crack layer (1), a feeding hole (105) is formed in the middle of the upper fixing block (102), positioning stop blocks (106) are fixedly installed on the inner walls of two sides of the feeding hole (105), internal threads are arranged on the inner wall of the feeding hole (105), an air inlet pipe (107) and an air outlet pipe (108) are fixedly installed in the upper fixing block (102) are respectively arranged on two sides of the feeding hole (105, a separation material collecting block (109) is fixedly mounted on the inner wall of the protective box (101), a connecting hole (110) is formed in the middle of the separation material collecting block (109), the inner wall of the connecting hole (110) is attached to the outer wall of the connecting cylinder body (104), and a plurality of leakage holes (111) are formed in the inner wall of the bottom of the protective box (101);

sealing mechanism (2) include montant (201), fixedly connected with clamp plate (202) on the outer wall of montant (201), seal gasket (203) on montant (201) outer wall are established to the bottom fixedly connected with cover of clamp plate (202), the bottom fixedly connected with connecting block (204) of montant (201), be provided with the external screw thread with connecting hole (105) looks adaptation on the outer wall of connecting block (204).

2. The farmland soil property improving device based on the microbial fermentation technology as claimed in claim 1, which is characterized in that: both ends all set up to the opening form about connecting barrel (104), the material of connecting barrel (104) is pottery, be provided with multichannel crackle on crack layer (1041).

3. The farmland soil property improving device based on the microbial fermentation technology as claimed in claim 1, which is characterized in that: the fermentation device is characterized in that gas valves are arranged on the gas inlet pipe (107) and the gas outlet pipe (108), the gas inlet pipe (107) and the gas outlet pipe (108) penetrate through the upper fixing block (102), and the bottom ends of the gas inlet pipe (107) and the gas outlet pipe (108) are communicated with the fermentation cavity (112).

4. The farmland soil property improving device based on the microbial fermentation technology as claimed in claim 1, which is characterized in that: the separating and collecting block (109) is arranged to be in a round table shape.

5. The farmland soil property improving device based on the microbial fermentation technology as claimed in claim 1, which is characterized in that: the leakage holes (111) are uniformly distributed on the outer side of the lower fixing block (102) in an annular shape.

6. The farmland soil property improving device based on the microbial fermentation technology as claimed in claim 1, which is characterized in that: the bottom end of the connecting block (204) is fixedly connected with a stirring shaft (206), and a plurality of stirring blades (207) are fixedly connected to the two sides of the stirring shaft (206).

7. The farmland soil property improving device based on the microbial fermentation technology as claimed in claim 1, which is characterized in that: the distance between the bottom end of the connecting block (204) and the bottom end of the sealing gasket (203) is larger than the distance between the top end of the positioning and positioning stop block (106) and the upper fixing block (102).

8. The farmland soil property improving device based on the microbial fermentation technology as claimed in claim 1, which is characterized in that: the top end of the vertical rod (201) is fixedly connected with an adjusting handle (205), and the adjusting handle (205) is annular.

9. The method for improving the soil texture of a farmland based on the microbial fermentation technology as claimed in any one of claims 1 to 8, which is characterized in that: the method comprises the following steps:

s1, selecting proper microorganisms according to the soil condition of the farmland, and preparing fermentation substrates and culture media required by the fermentation culture of the microorganisms;

s2, sequentially adding a proper amount of fermentation substrate, a culture medium and microbial colonies into the fermentation cavity (112) through the feed hole (105);

s3, inserting a stirring shaft (206) into a fermentation cavity (112) through a feed hole (105), connecting a connecting block (204) with the feed hole (105) in a threaded manner by rotating an adjusting handle (205) until the connecting block (204) moves to a positioning stop block (106) and a sealing gasket (203) is tightly attached to the top of an upper fixing block (102), so that the connection between a shell mechanism (1) and a sealing mechanism (2) is completed, and in the rotating and connecting processes, the stirring shaft (206) rotates along with the connecting block to drive a stirring blade (207) to rotate, so that a fermentation substrate, a culture medium and microbial colonies are fully mixed;

s4, opening air valves on an air inlet pipe (107) and an air outlet pipe (108), blowing air into the fermentation cavity (112) through the air inlet pipe (107), and closing the air valves after a certain time;

s5, pre-digging a plurality of uniformly distributed landfill pits on a farmland, respectively placing a plurality of connected shell mechanisms (1) and sealing mechanisms (2) into the pits, burying the landfill pits and marking the ground;

s6, fermenting the microbial colonies in the fermentation cavity (112), wherein after 15-20 days, the gas generated in the fermentation process increases the air pressure in the fermentation cavity (112), so that the connecting cylinder (104) is crushed, and the fermentation product flows into soil through the leakage holes (111) to improve the soil quality;

and S7, after 3-4 months, digging out the shell mechanism (1) and the sealing mechanism (2) according to ground marks after the fermentation product fully flows into the soil, and then recycling.

10. The method for improving the soil texture of a farmland based on the microbial fermentation technology as claimed in claim 9, which is characterized in that: the microorganism in the step S1 is one of anaerobic beneficial microorganisms, and the gas blown in the step S4 is nitrogen.

Technical Field

The invention relates to the field of soil improvement, in particular to a farmland soil improvement device and method based on a microbial fermentation technology.

Background

With the increase of the use time of the chemical fertilizer, no matter how much the fertilization and irrigation strength is increased in many lands in rural areas, crops are bad in length, and except for climatic factors, the crops are caused by bad soil aggregate structures and soil hardening caused by long-term application of the chemical fertilizer. In recent years, with the increase of awareness of the sustainable development of people and the promotion of government advocation, more and more scientific research enterprises have started to research the improvement of the soil texture of the farmland, and with the progress of science and technology, researchers have applied the microbial fermentation technology to the improvement of the soil texture of the farmland.

Disclosure of Invention

1. Technical problem to be solved

Aiming at the problems in the prior art, the invention aims to provide a farmland soil property improving device and method based on a microbial fermentation technology, which can realize that in the implementation process, except for a fermentation product, other substances can be recycled and reused, and can not remain in soil, so that the secondary pollution to the soil can be avoided while the environment is protected and the energy is saved, and the fermentation product directly permeates into the soil after being generated, so that the effect can be fully exerted, and the improvement effect is improved.

2. Technical scheme

In order to solve the above problems, the present invention adopts the following technical solutions.

A farmland soil quality improvement device based on microbial fermentation technology comprises a shell mechanism and a sealing mechanism, wherein the shell mechanism comprises a protective box, an upper fixing block is embedded and installed on the outer wall of the top of the protective box, a lower fixing block is embedded and installed on the outer wall of the top of the protective box, a cylindrical connecting cylinder body is fixedly connected between the upper fixing block and the lower fixing block, a fermentation cavity is arranged inside the connecting cylinder body, the connecting cylinder body comprises a crack layer and a thin-wall layer, the thin-wall layer is arranged on the outer side of the crack layer, a feeding hole is formed in the middle of the upper fixing block, positioning stop blocks are fixedly installed on the inner walls of the two sides of the feeding hole, internal threads are arranged on the inner walls of the feeding hole, an air inlet pipe and an air outlet pipe are fixedly installed inside the upper fixing block on the two sides of the feeding hole respectively, and a separation material collecting, the middle part of separating the material collecting block is provided with a connecting hole, the inner wall of the connecting hole is attached to the outer wall of the connecting cylinder, and the inner wall of the bottom of the protective box is provided with a plurality of leakage holes.

The sealing mechanism comprises a vertical rod, a pressing plate is fixedly connected to the outer wall of the vertical rod, a sealing gasket arranged on the outer wall of the vertical rod is sleeved with the bottom fixedly connected with sleeve of the pressing plate, a connecting block is fixedly connected to the bottom end of the vertical rod, and external threads matched with the connecting hole are arranged on the outer wall of the connecting block.

Further, both ends all set up to the opening form about the connecting cylinder body, the material of connecting cylinder body is pottery, be provided with the multichannel crackle on the crackle layer, ceramic material itself is more fragile, and in addition the setting on crackle layer for connecting cylinder body intensity is lower, and after the certain degree that the fermentation was gone on, the gaseous atmospheric pressure that can make the fermentation intracavity of fermentation increase leads to connecting the cylinder body breakage, and then makes the fermentation produce and flow into in the soil, improves soil property.

Further, all be provided with the air valve door on intake pipe and the outlet duct, intake pipe and outlet duct all run through the fixed block, and the bottom of intake pipe and outlet duct all is linked together with the fermentation chamber, the setting of intake pipe and outlet duct, accessible intake pipe to fermentation intracavity drum nitrogen gas, the air of fermentation intracavity is discharged through the outlet duct, makes nitrogen gas carry out certain replacement to the air of fermentation intracavity to reduce the oxygen content of fermentation intracavity, more do benefit to the cultivation fermentation of the beneficial microorganism of anaerobism type.

Furthermore, it sets up to the round platform shape to separate the piece that gathers materials, separates the setting of the piece that gathers materials for connecting the broken back of barrel, separate the piece that gathers materials the piece top can fall on the protecting box inner wall along the side of separating the piece that gathers materials and separate between the piece, thereby make most pieces can not fall to the bottom of protecting box, and then can avoid the piece to block up the small opening.

Furthermore, the weeping holes are uniformly distributed on the outer side of the lower fixing block in an annular manner, and the arrangement of the weeping holes can enable fermentation products to flow into soil through the weeping holes, so that the soil quality is improved.

Further, the bottom fixedly connected with (mixing) shaft of connecting block, a plurality of stirring vane of the equal fixedly connected with in both sides of (mixing) shaft, the setting of (mixing) shaft and stirring vane for when the connecting block rotates to be connected with the feed port, can drive stirring vane and rotate, and then make fermentation substrate, culture medium, the microorganism bacterial colony intensive mixing in the fermentation chamber.

Furthermore, the distance between the bottom end of the connecting block and the bottom end of the sealing gasket is greater than the distance between the top end of the positioning stop block and the upper fixing block, so that the sealing gasket can be tightly extruded downwards by the pressing plate in the process that the connecting block moves to the positioning stop block, and the sealing gasket is tightly attached to the top end of the upper fixing block, and the sealing performance is guaranteed.

Further, montant top fixedly connected with adjustment handle, adjustment handle sets up to the annular, and adjustment handle's setting can be convenient for the rotation of montant, connecting block etc. has improved the convenience.

A farmland soil property improvement method based on a microbial fermentation technology comprises the following steps:

s1, selecting proper microorganisms according to the soil condition of the farmland, and preparing fermentation substrates and culture media required by the fermentation culture of the microorganisms;

s2, sequentially adding a proper amount of fermentation substrate, a culture medium and microbial colonies into the fermentation cavity through the feed hole;

s3, enabling the stirring shaft to penetrate through the feeding hole to be inserted into the fermentation cavity, enabling the connecting block to be in threaded connection with the feeding hole by rotating the adjusting handle until the connecting block moves to the positioning stop block and the sealing gasket is tightly attached to the top of the fixing block, completing the connection between the shell mechanism and the sealing mechanism, and in the rotating and connecting process, the stirring shaft rotates along with the connecting block to drive the stirring blades to rotate, so that the fermentation substrate, the culture medium and the microbial community are fully mixed;

s4, opening air valves on the air inlet pipe and the air outlet pipe, blowing air into the fermentation cavity through the air inlet pipe, and closing the air valves after a certain time;

s5, pre-digging a plurality of uniformly distributed landfill pits on a farmland, respectively placing a plurality of connected shell mechanisms and sealing mechanisms into the pits, burying the landfill pits and marking the ground;

s6, allowing the microbial strain to fall in the fermentation cavity for fermentation, wherein after 15-20 days, the gas generated in the fermentation process increases the air pressure in the fermentation cavity, so that the connecting cylinder is broken, and the fermentation product flows into soil through the leakage hole to improve the soil quality;

and S7, after 3-4 months, digging out the shell mechanism and the sealing mechanism according to ground marks after the fermentation product fully flows into the soil, and then recycling.

Furthermore, the microorganism in the step S is one of anaerobic beneficial microorganisms, the gas blown in the step S is nitrogen, and the nitrogen is blown in to replace the air in the fermentation cavity, so that the air content in the fermentation cavity can be reduced, and the culture and fermentation of the anaerobic beneficial microorganisms can be facilitated.

3. Advantageous effects

Compared with the prior art, the invention has the advantages that:

(1) according to the improvement device and the improvement method, in the implementation process, except for the fermentation product, other substances can be recycled and reused, the substances cannot remain in the soil, the secondary pollution to the soil can be avoided while the environment is protected and the energy is saved, the fermentation product is directly permeated into the soil after being generated, the effect can be fully exerted, and the improvement effect is improved.

(2) Both ends all set up to the opening form about the connecting cylinder body, and the material of connecting the cylinder body is pottery, are provided with the multichannel crackle on the crackle layer, and ceramic material itself is more fragile, and the setting on crackle layer in addition for connecting cylinder body intensity is lower, and after the certain degree that the fermentation goes on, the gas that the fermentation produced can make the atmospheric pressure increase of fermentation intracavity, leads to connecting the cylinder body breakage, and then makes the fermentation produce and flow into in the soil, improve soil property

(3) The setting of intake pipe and outlet duct, accessible intake pipe are to the fermentation intracavity drum nitrogen gas, and the air of fermentation intracavity is discharged through the outlet duct, makes nitrogen gas carry out certain replacement to the air of fermentation intracavity to reduce the oxygen content of fermentation intracavity, more do benefit to the cultivation fermentation of the beneficial microorganism of anaerobic type.

(4) The setting of separating the aggregate piece for connect the broken back of barrel, separate the piece of aggregating the piece top and can fall at the protective box inner wall and separate between the aggregate piece along the side of separating the aggregate piece, thereby make most pieces can not fall to the bottom of protective box, and then can avoid the piece to block up the small opening.

(5) The weeping hole is the outside of annular evenly distributed fixed block under, and the setting of weeping hole can make the fermentation product accessible weeping hole flow into soil, and then carries out the improvement of soil property.

(6) The setting of (mixing) shaft and stirring vane for when the connecting block rotates and is connected with the feed port, can drive stirring vane and rotate, and then make fermentation substrate, culture medium, the microorganism fungus colony intensive mixing in the fermentation chamber.

(7) The distance between the bottom end of the connecting block and the bottom end of the sealing gasket is greater than the distance between the top end of the positioning stop block and the upper fixing block, so that the connecting block moves to the positioning stop block, the pressing plate can tightly extrude the sealing gasket downwards, the sealing gasket is tightly attached to the top end of the upper fixing block, and the sealing performance is guaranteed.

(8) The setting of adjustment handle can be convenient for the rotation of montant, connecting block etc. has improved the convenience.

Drawings

FIG. 1 is a schematic view of the overall structure of the present invention;

FIG. 2 is a cross-sectional view of the interior of the protective enclosure of the present invention;

FIG. 3 is a cross-sectional view of the present invention at the connection cylinder;

FIG. 4 is a schematic perspective view of the present invention showing the location of the dividing aggregate block;

FIG. 5 is a top view of the leak in accordance with the present invention;

FIG. 6 is a top cross-sectional view of the connecting cylinder of the present invention;

fig. 7 is a cross-sectional view of the housing means and sealing means of the present invention after attachment.

The reference numbers in the figures illustrate:

1. a housing mechanism; 101. a protective box; 102. an upper fixed block; 103. a lower fixed block; 104. connecting the cylinder body; 1041. a crack layer; 1042. a thin-walled layer; 105. a feed port; 106. positioning a stop block; 107. an air inlet pipe; 108. an air outlet pipe; 109. separating the aggregate blocks; 110. connecting holes; 111. a leak hole; 2. a sealing mechanism; 201. a vertical rod; 202. pressing a plate; 203. sealing gaskets; 204. connecting blocks; 205. an adjusting handle; 206. a stirring shaft; 207. a stirring blade.

Detailed Description

The technical solution in the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings in the embodiments of the present invention; it is obvious that the described embodiments are only a part of the embodiments of the present invention, and not all embodiments, and all other embodiments obtained by those skilled in the art without any inventive work are within the scope of the present invention.

In the description of the present invention, it should be noted that the terms "upper", "lower", "inner", "outer", "top/bottom", and the like indicate orientations or positional relationships based on those shown in the drawings, and are only for convenience of description and simplification of description, but do not indicate or imply that the referred device or element must have a specific orientation, be constructed in a specific orientation, and be operated, and thus should not be construed as limiting the present invention. Furthermore, the terms "first" and "second" are used for descriptive purposes only and are not to be construed as indicating or implying relative importance.

In the description of the present invention, it should be noted that, unless otherwise explicitly specified or limited, the terms "mounted," "disposed," "sleeved/connected," "connected," and the like are to be construed broadly, e.g., "connected," which may be fixedly connected, detachably connected, or integrally connected; can be mechanically or electrically connected; they may be connected directly or indirectly through intervening media, or they may be interconnected between two elements. The specific meanings of the above terms in the present invention can be understood in specific cases to those skilled in the art.