阅读说明：本技术 一种水体立体生态养殖平台 (Three-dimensional ecological culture platform of water ) 是由 常锋毅 潘晓洁 万端极 谢逾群 刘德富 李祝 葛红梅 于 2020-05-08 设计创作，主要内容包括：本发明公开了一种水体立体生态养殖平台,包括鱼类养殖网箱、位于所述鱼类养殖网箱顶部的种植浮板、安置于所述鱼类养殖网箱内部的沉水植物种植网片；所述鱼类养殖网箱的外侧四面悬挂有底栖动物养殖网袋,所述鱼类养殖网箱的内侧悬挂有浮游动物人工海绵。该生态养殖平台基于水生态系统平衡和物种共生的生态学原理进行多种水生生物混养,将沉水植物、挺水植物、鱼类、底栖动物以及浮游动物有机结合在一起,避免了传统投饵养殖方式对水体的污染。在实施过程中采用蓝藻水华作为鱼类天然饵料,完全代替人工饵料,既解决了环境污染问题,还可产生巨大的生态与经济效益。(The invention discloses a three-dimensional ecological water body culture platform which comprises a fish culture net cage, a planting floating plate positioned at the top of the fish culture net cage, and a submerged plant planting net piece arranged in the fish culture net cage; benthonic animal breeding mesh bags are hung on four sides of the outer side of the fish breeding net cage, and zooplankton artificial sponges are hung on the inner side of the fish breeding net cage. The ecological breeding platform carries out mixed breeding of various aquatic organisms based on the ecological principle of water ecosystem balance and species symbiosis, organically combines submerged plants, emergent aquatic plants, fishes, benthonic animals and zooplankton together, and avoids the pollution of the traditional bait casting breeding mode to a water body. In the implementation process, the cyanobacterial bloom is used as the natural fish bait to completely replace artificial bait, thereby not only solving the problem of environmental pollution, but also generating huge ecological and economic benefits.)

1. The utility model provides a three-dimensional ecological breed platform of water which characterized in that: comprises a fish culture net cage, a planting floating plate positioned at the top of the fish culture net cage and a submerged plant planting net piece arranged inside the fish culture net cage;

benthonic animal breeding mesh bags are hung on four sides of the outer side of the fish breeding net cage, and zooplankton artificial sponges are hung on the inner side of the fish breeding net cage.

2. The three-dimensional ecological culture platform of water body according to claim 1, characterized in that: the planting floating plate is 1-2 m in size as a single block²The PEA floating plate is used as a floating material and planting cotton with the diameter of 3-8 cm is used as a planting base;

the planting floating plate is 10m in length, 3-4 m in width and 3-5 cm in thickness;

the planting floating plate is provided with emergent aquatic plant planting holes for planting emergent aquatic plants, and the hole pitch of the emergent aquatic plant planting holes is 40-60 cm; and/or the presence of a gas in the gas,

the planting floating plate is provided with vegetable planting holes for planting vegetables, and the hole distance of the vegetable planting holes is 15-30 cm.

3. The three-dimensional ecological culture platform for the water body according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that: the depth of the fish culture net cage is 4-15 meters, and the wall of the fish culture net cage is made of a nylon net sheet with the mesh diameter of 2-5 cm;

the length and the width of the fish culture net cage are set according to the size of the planting floating plate, and the fish culture net cage is a 6-face totally-enclosed cuboid.

4. The three-dimensional ecological culture platform of water body according to claim 1, characterized in that: the depth of the submerged plant planting net piece from the water surface to the lower side is 1-1.5 m, and the diameter of the mesh is 0.2-0.5 cm.

5. The three-dimensional ecological culture platform of water body according to claim 1, characterized in that: the length of the benthonic animal breeding mesh bag is 20-40 cm, the height of the benthonic animal breeding mesh bag is 30-50 cm, and the diameter of a mesh of the benthonic animal breeding mesh bag is 0.5-1 cm.

6. The three-dimensional ecological culture platform of water body according to claim 1, characterized in that: the distance between two adjacent zooplankton artificial sponges is kept between 1 and 2 m.

7. The three-dimensional ecological culture platform of water body according to claim 1, characterized in that: the fish culture net cage takes a pvc water pipe with the diameter of 20-30 mm as a supporting framework.

Technical Field

The invention belongs to the technical field of water pollution treatment, water ecological restoration and ecological culture, and particularly relates to a three-dimensional ecological culture platform for a water body, which is suitable for ecological environment protection and restoration.

Background

In recent years, cyanobacterial blooms caused by water eutrophication are developed in large areas in rivers, lakes, reservoirs and other water bodies in China. The problem of water bloom has become a significant problem in the field of environmental protection in China. The water bloom outbreak not only causes the water quality to be reduced, but also a plurality of algae can be metabolized to generate a large amount of toxin in the growth process, thereby not only causing the poisoning accidents of birds, fishes and livestock, but also entering human bodies through food chains and causing serious threats to human health. Blue algae and eutrophication are worldwide problems. In the past decades, many countries have tried many methods and approaches to cyanobacterial bloom control in eutrophic lakes. According to the control mechanism, the technologies adopted so far for controlling eutrophication and cyanobacterial bloom can be summarized into the following three methods, namely chemical remediation, physical remediation and biological-ecological remediation. The methods have great difference in treatment scale and specific operation according to different treatment objects and requirements, but the biological-ecological treatment method is considered to be a fundamental way for treating water eutrophication and cyanobacterial bloom.

The aquatic organisms used in the biological method may include aquatic plants, benthonic animals, zooplankton, and large aquatic animals such as fish. The traditional biological-ecological management technology is usually used for singly applying an aquatic organism, can only remove limited pollutants, is difficult to form a complete food chain and has poor stability. For example, the traditional aquatic plant floating bed technology utilizes the root system of higher aquatic plants to absorb nutrient substances in sewage, realizes the effect of purifying water, has better effect of improving water quality, but has limited effect of treating algal bloom. The benthonic animal hanging culture technology has a certain effect of removing algal bloom, but the survival rate is lower due to the lack of benthonic environment in the practical application process. Zooplankton plays an important role in protecting cyanobacterial bloom and an aquatic ecosystem, but the independent utilization of the zooplankton to carry out aquatic ecological restoration is difficult to continue because the zooplankton does not have an aquatic plant habitat. Therefore, how to effectively utilize various aquatic organisms to carry out water pollution treatment and ecological restoration has important practical significance for water environment protection.

Disclosure of Invention

Aiming at the defects in the prior art, the invention aims to provide a water body three-dimensional ecological culture platform, which aims at eutrophication treatment and cyanobacterial bloom prevention and control, can be applied to various environments such as lakes, reservoirs, rivers and the like, realizes water quality improvement and water bloom prevention and control, and has remarkable economic benefit.

In order to achieve the purpose, the invention adopts the following technical measures:

the invention discloses a three-dimensional ecological water body culture platform which comprises a fish culture net cage, a planting floating plate and a submerged plant planting net piece, wherein the planting floating plate is positioned at the top of the fish culture net cage; benthonic animal breeding mesh bags are hung on four sides of the outer side of the fish breeding net cage, and zooplankton artificial sponges are hung on the inner side of the fish breeding net cage.

Furthermore, the planting floating plate is 1-2 m in size as a single block²The PEA floating plate is used as a floating material and planting cotton with the diameter of 3-8 cm is used as a planting base; the planting floating plate is 10m in length, 3-4 m in width and 3-5 cm in thickness; the planting floating plate is provided with emergent aquatic plant planting holes for planting emergent aquatic plants, and the hole pitch of the emergent aquatic plant planting holes is 40-60 cm; and/or vegetable planting holes for planting vegetables are formed in the planting floating plate, and the hole distance of the vegetable planting holes is 15-30 cm.

Preferably, the depth of the fish culture net cage is 4-15 meters, and the wall of the fish culture net cage is made of a nylon net sheet with mesh holes of 2-5 cm in diameter; the length and the width of the fish culture net cage are set according to the size of the planting floating plate, and the fish culture net cage is a 6-face totally-enclosed cuboid.

Therefore, the method can be used for filter feeding fish culture.

Furthermore, the depth of the submerged plant planting net piece from the water surface to the lower side is 1-1.5 m, and the diameter of the mesh is 0.2-0.5 cm.

Therefore, the submerged plant planting net sheet can be used for planting submerged plants.

Preferably, the length of the benthonic animal breeding mesh bag is 20-40 cm, the height of the benthonic animal breeding mesh bag is 30-50 cm, and the mesh diameter of the benthonic animal breeding mesh bag is 0.5-1 cm.

Therefore, the benthonic animal breeding mesh bag can be used for breeding benthonic animals.

Preferably, the distance between two adjacent zooplankton artificial sponges is kept between 1 and 2 m.

From the above, the zooplankton artificial sponge can provide a habitat for large zooplankton.

Furthermore, the fish culture net cage takes a pvc water pipe with the diameter of 20-30 mm as a supporting framework.

Compared with the prior art, the invention has the following advantages and effects:

the three-dimensional ecological water body culture platform disclosed by the invention is used for carrying out mixed culture on various aquatic organisms based on the ecological principles of water ecosystem balance and species symbiosis, and organically combining submerged plants, emergent aquatic plants, fishes, benthonic animals and zooplankton together, so that the pollution of the traditional bait casting culture mode to the water body is avoided. In the implementation process, the cyanobacterial bloom is used as the natural fish bait to completely replace artificial bait, thereby solving the problem of environmental pollution of the bait in the traditional bait casting and breeding process and also generating huge ecological and economic benefits.

Drawings

FIG. 1 is a schematic structural view of a three-dimensional ecological water body culture platform.

FIG. 2 is a cross-sectional view of the water body three-dimensional ecological breeding platform of the invention.

Fig. 3 is a schematic structural diagram of the inner side and the outer side of the fish culture net cage of the three-dimensional ecological water culture platform.

Wherein: 1. the marine floating cage comprises a supporting framework, 2 parts of a planting floating plate, 3 parts of emergent aquatic plant (or vegetable) planting holes, 4 parts of a fish culture net cage, 5 parts of a submerged plant planting net sheet, 6 parts of a benthonic animal culture net bag and 7 parts of a zooplankton artificial sponge.

Detailed Description

The invention adopts the biological configuration, scale and structure of a three-dimensional ecological culture system according to the current situation of a target water body ecological system, mainly water quality, algal bloom current situation, zooplankton biomass, aquatic plant biomass and the like.

As shown in fig. 1, the three-dimensional ecological water body culture platform comprises a floating planting plate 2, a fish culture net cage 4, submerged plant planting net sheets 5, benthonic animal culture net bags 6 and zooplankton artificial sponges 7 hung at different depths, wherein the zooplankton artificial sponges 7 provide places for zooplankton, the floating planting plate 2 is located at the top of the fish culture net cage 4, the submerged plant planting net sheets 5 are arranged inside the fish culture net cage 4, the benthonic animal culture net bags 6 are hung on four outer sides of the fish culture net cage 4, and the zooplankton artificial sponges 7 for protecting the zooplankton are hung on the inner side of the fish culture net cage 4.