阅读说明：本技术 一种双洞单向长大水下公路隧道通风系统及其通风方法 (Double-hole one-way long and large underwater highway tunnel ventilation system and ventilation method thereof ) 是由 陈慧 车轮飞 肖明清 蔡崇庆 陈玉远 孙文昊 刘俊 姜学鹏 甘甜 刘健 冯腾 于 2021-07-30 设计创作，主要内容包括：本发明公开了一种双洞单向长大水下公路隧道通风系统,包括设置于两条主线隧道之间的导洞隧道或服务隧道,主线隧道在水域两岸处分别设有与两条主线隧道相连通第一岸边通风井、第二岸边通风井；第一岸边通风井设有与地面大气连通的第一送风井、第一排风井；第二岸边通风井设有与地面大气连通的第二送风井、第二排风井；主线隧道断面设有行车道,行车道顶部空间为排烟道,行车道顶部悬挂有多处射流风机,主线隧道与服务隧道或导洞隧道之间设有水域送风机房,第一送风井、第二送风井、水域送风机房内设有送风机,送风阀；排烟道与主线隧道之间设有水域排风阀；还公开对应通风方法；具有通风效果好、运营安全、费用低、土建结构利用高效的优点。(The invention discloses a ventilation system for a double-hole one-way long and large underwater highway tunnel, which comprises a pilot tunnel or a service tunnel arranged between two main line tunnels, wherein the main line tunnels are respectively provided with a first bank ventilation shaft and a second bank ventilation shaft which are communicated with the two main line tunnels at the two banks of a water area; the first bank ventilation shaft is provided with a first air supply shaft and a first air exhaust shaft which are communicated with the ground atmosphere; the second shore ventilation shaft is provided with a second air supply shaft and a second air exhaust shaft which are communicated with the ground atmosphere; a traffic lane is arranged on the section of the main line tunnel, the top space of the traffic lane is a discharge flue, a plurality of jet fans are hung on the top of the traffic lane, a water area fan feeding room is arranged between the main line tunnel and the service tunnel or the pilot tunnel, and fans and air feeding valves are arranged in the first air feeding well, the second air feeding well and the water area fan feeding room; a water area exhaust valve is arranged between the exhaust flue and the main line tunnel; corresponding ventilation methods are also disclosed; the system has the advantages of good ventilation effect, safe operation, low cost and high utilization efficiency of civil engineering structures.)

1. A ventilation system of a double-hole one-way long and large underwater highway tunnel is characterized by comprising a pilot tunnel or a service tunnel (2) arranged between two main line tunnels, wherein both ends of the pilot tunnel or the service tunnel (2) are embedded into the shore and the outlet and the inlet of the pilot tunnel or the service tunnel are communicated with the atmosphere, and the two main line tunnels are respectively provided with a first shore ventilation shaft (3) and a second shore ventilation shaft (4) at the two banks of a water area; the first shore ventilation shaft (3) and the second shore ventilation shaft (4) are communicated with the two main line tunnels;

the first shore ventilation shaft (3) is provided with a first blast shaft (301) and a first exhaust shaft (302) which are communicated with the ground atmosphere;

the second shore ventilation shaft (4) is provided with a second blast shaft (401) and a second exhaust shaft (402) which are communicated with the ground atmosphere;

a traffic lane (103) is arranged on the section of the main line tunnel (1), a discharge flue (104) is arranged in the top space of the traffic lane (103), a plurality of jet fans (6) are hung at the top of the traffic lane (103), and two ends of the discharge flue (104) are respectively connected with a first air discharge well (302) and a second air discharge well (402);

a water area air blower room (5) is arranged between the main line tunnel (1) and the pilot tunnel or the service tunnel (2), and an air blower (7) and an air supply valve (9) are arranged in the first air supply well (301) and the second air supply well (401); a water area blower (51) and a water area blower valve (52) are arranged in the water area blower room (5); a water area exhaust valve (10) is arranged between the exhaust flue (104) and the main line tunnel (1).

2. The ventilation system of the double-hole one-way long and large underwater highway tunnel according to claim 1, characterized in that the pilot tunnel or the service tunnel (2) is arranged in parallel with the two main line tunnels (1).

3. The ventilation system of the double-hole one-way long and large underwater road tunnel according to claim 1, characterized in that the water area fan room (5) and the water area exhaust valve (10) can be arranged at one or more positions according to the ventilation sectional requirements of the main line tunnel (1).

4. The ventilation method of the double-hole one-way long and large underwater road tunnel ventilation system according to claim 1, characterized in that fresh air is firstly fed from a travelling crane inlet (101) to the main line tunnel (1) by utilizing the induction action of a jet fan (6), and then a water area exhaust valve (10) is opened to exhaust waste gas along an exhaust flue (104) through an exhaust fan (8) in a second exhaust shaft 402;

then, a blower in a water area blower room (5) is used for taking air from the service tunnel or the pilot tunnel (2), fresh air is fed into the main line tunnel (1), and then a land area exhaust device is started to exhaust waste gas through a second exhaust fan in a second exhaust shaft (402);

then, a blower in a second air supply well (401) is used for taking air from outdoor atmosphere to a main line tunnel (1) and supplying fresh air, and finally residual waste gas is discharged from a travelling crane outlet (102) under the induction action of a jet fan (6);

one or more water area fan rooms and one or more water area exhaust valves can be arranged according to the length of the tunnel passing through the water area and the tunnel section air speed as a control factor.

5. The ventilation system of the double-hole one-way long and large underwater road tunnel according to claim 1, characterized in that a local air supply duct (105) is arranged between the water area air supply fan room (5) and the main line tunnel (1).

6. The double-hole one-way long and large underwater road tunnel ventilation system as claimed in claim 1, wherein the first air exhausting shaft (302) and the second air exhausting shaft (402) are internally provided with an air exhausting fan (8).

7. The double-hole one-way long and large underwater highway tunnel ventilation system according to claim 4, wherein the land area exhaust device is a land area exhaust valve (11).

8. A ventilation method for a double-hole one-way long and large underwater highway tunnel is characterized in that a shore ventilation shaft is used for meeting the segmented ventilation requirement of the long and large highway tunnel penetrating through a water area in a long distance, a main line tunnel is divided into a long-length water area ventilation section and a short-length land area ventilation section through the shore vertical shaft, the water area section is a large ventilation section, a traffic lane is used as a ventilation channel, a discharge flue, a service tunnel or a pilot tunnel is used as an auxiliary ventilation channel, supplementary air exhaust is carried out through the discharge flue, supplementary air supply is carried out through the service tunnel or the pilot tunnel, and the arrangement of the water area vertical shaft is cancelled.

Technical Field

The patent relates to the field of ventilation of highway tunnels, in particular to a ventilation technology and method for a double-hole one-way long and large underwater highway tunnel.

Background

At present, China has become the world with the most tunnel projects, the most complex tunnel projects and the fastest development. The construction of the road tunnel brings convenience to economic development and people production and life, and simultaneously also puts higher requirements on safe and green operation of the tunnel. When the vehicle passes through in the tunnel, can discharge tail gas such as a large amount of carbon monoxide, nitrogen oxide, can release the waste heat simultaneously to bring certain dust pollution, to long and large tunnel that the sealed off section is long, traffic flow is big must adopt mechanical ventilation measure to ensure the cleanliness factor of tunnel internal environment, make it satisfy personnel's work, the health and the safety requirement of vehicle operation. The tunnel ventilation is an important component of the overall design of the tunnel, and has great influence on the initial investment and later-stage operation cost of electromechanical system equipment and civil engineering.

At present, the initial investment and the operation cost are considered comprehensively, and the highway tunnel with the length exceeding 5km generally adopts a vertical shaft sectional type longitudinal ventilation mode as shown in fig. 1, namely: and arranging a ventilation vertical shaft to divide the whole tunnel into a plurality of sections, and carrying out air supply and exhaust in sections.

In the field of underwater highway tunnels, the existing vertical shaft sectional type longitudinal ventilation mode has four restrictive problems under the limitation of water area geographic environments such as rivers, lakes, seas and the like:

1) the air quantity required in the tunnel is positively correlated with the length of the tunnel, and the maximum designed wind speed in the tunnel is not more than 8.0m/s according to the regulations of the highway tunnel ventilation design rules, so that the length of a single ventilation zone has certain limitation.

2) The operation energy consumption is high. Along with the lengthening of the ventilation section, the air demand is continuously increased, the installed power of the ventilation equipment is increased, and the operation energy consumption is greatly increased.

3) The construction difficulty of the water area vertical shaft is high and the investment is high. Due to the limitation of shaft segmentation, artificial islands are required to be arranged in a water area at intervals of a certain kilometer for an ultra-long underwater tunnel, and then a ventilation shaft is arranged, so that the problems of high construction difficulty, high construction risk and high civil engineering investment exist.

4) The water area shaft is difficult to use and examine and approve. The setting of waters shaft can cause great influence to waters ecological environment, has the problem that influences the navigation simultaneously.

Disclosure of Invention

Aiming at the problems, the invention aims to provide a ventilation technology and a ventilation method for a long and large underwater road tunnel, which are simple in structure, safe and reliable.

The technical scheme adopted by the invention is as follows: a ventilation system for a double-hole one-way long and large underwater highway tunnel comprises a pilot tunnel arranged between two main line tunnels, wherein two ends of the pilot tunnel are embedded into a shore, the inlet and the outlet of the pilot tunnel are communicated with the atmosphere, the two main line tunnels are respectively provided with a first shore side ventilation shaft and a second shore side ventilation shaft at two banks of a water area, and the first shore side ventilation shaft and the second shore side ventilation shaft are communicated with the two main line tunnels;

the first bank ventilation shaft is provided with a first air supply shaft and a first air exhaust shaft which are communicated with the ground atmosphere;

the second shore ventilation shaft is provided with a second air supply shaft and a second air exhaust shaft which are communicated with the ground atmosphere;

the section of the main line tunnel is provided with a traffic lane, the space at the top of the traffic lane is a discharge flue, a plurality of jet fans are hung at the top of the traffic lane, and two ends of the discharge flue are respectively connected with a first discharge shaft and a second discharge shaft;

a water area blower room is arranged between the main line tunnel and the service tunnel or the pilot tunnel, and blowers and air supply valves are arranged in the first air supply well, the second air supply well and the water area blower room; a water area exhaust valve is arranged between the exhaust flue and the main line tunnel.

Further, the pilot tunnel is arranged in parallel with the two main line tunnels.

Furthermore, according to the ventilation sectional requirement of the main line tunnel, the water area fan feeding room and the water area exhaust valve can be arranged at one or more positions.

The method comprises the steps of firstly, utilizing the induction action of a jet fan to feed fresh air into a main line tunnel from a travelling crane inlet, and then opening a water area exhaust valve to discharge waste gas through an exhaust fan in a second exhaust shaft (a first exhaust shaft) along a discharge flue;

then a blower in the water area blower room is used for taking air from the service tunnel or the pilot tunnel, fresh air is fed into the main line tunnel, then the land area exhaust device is started to exhaust waste gas through the exhaust blower in the second exhaust shaft (the first exhaust shaft),

then, a blower in a second air supply well (a first air supply well) is used for taking air from outdoor atmosphere to a main pipeline tunnel and sending fresh air, and finally, residual waste gas is discharged from a travelling crane outlet under the induction action of a jet fan;

one or more water area fan rooms and one or more water area exhaust valves can be arranged according to the length of the tunnel passing through the water area and the tunnel section air speed as a control factor.

Furthermore, a local air supply duct is arranged between the water area air supply fan room and the main line tunnel.

Furthermore, exhaust fans are arranged in the first exhaust shaft and the second exhaust shaft.

Furthermore, the land air exhaust device is a land air exhaust valve.

The invention has the advantages and characteristics that:

(1) the invention relates to a ventilation method for a double-hole one-way long and large underwater highway tunnel; the ventilation vertical shaft of the water area section is eliminated, the ventilation effect is good, the operation is safe and reliable, the operation cost is low, the civil engineering structure is efficiently utilized, and an effective technical means is provided for solving the problem of ventilation of the underwater tunnel of the extra-long road; the water area section is used as a large ventilation section, and a service tunnel or a pilot tunnel and a discharge flue are used as auxiliary ventilation flues in addition to the roadway serving as the ventilation flues to supplement air supply and exhaust for the roadway.

(2) According to the invention, only a shoreside vertical shaft communicated with the atmosphere is required to be arranged at the shoreside, the water area section utilizes the service tunnel or the pilot tunnel and the exhaust flue to assist in air supply and exhaust, and on the premise that the water area section ventilation vertical shaft is not arranged, the ventilation and subsection air supply and exhaust effects of the ultra-long tunnel are ensured, and the problems of overlong single ventilation section, overhigh ventilation air speed of the tunnel section and high operation energy consumption are avoided;

(3) the water area section utilizes the existing service tunnel or pilot tunnel as auxiliary air supply, the air supply is clean and effective, and the civil engineering cost is low;

(4) the water area section utilizes the existing discharge flue to assist in discharging air, and is connected with an exhaust fan and an exhaust well in a bank ventilation well, so that polluted waste gas in the water area section can be effectively discharged, the cleanliness and visibility of air in the tunnel are ensured, and powerful guarantee is provided for the breathing safety and the visual field definition of drivers and passengers;

(5) the invention has the advantages of convenient construction and simple structure, does not need to arrange a water area section ventilation shaft, can effectively avoid arranging an artificial island, saves the construction cost of civil engineering, reduces the construction risk, reduces the influence on the ecological environment and navigation of the water area, and provides a new ventilation technical idea for long-distance passing of a long road tunnel through the water area.

Drawings

Fig. 1 is a schematic diagram of a sectional longitudinal ventilation mode of a vertical shaft in the prior art;

fig. 2 is a schematic view of the ventilation technique and method for a double-hole one-way long and large underwater highway tunnel according to the preferred embodiment of the present invention (the layout of two main line tunnels and the structure is centrosymmetric);

FIG. 3 is a cross-sectional view taken along line A-A of the preferred embodiment of the present invention;

FIG. 4 is a cross-sectional view B-B of the preferred embodiment of the present invention;

FIG. 5 is a cross-sectional view taken along line C-C of the preferred embodiment of the present invention;

FIG. 6 is a cross-sectional view taken along line D-D of the preferred embodiment of the present invention;

in the figure: 1-main line tunnel, 101-driving vehicle inlet, 102-driving vehicle outlet, 103-driving vehicle lane, 104-discharge flue, 105-local blast flue, 2-service tunnel or pilot tunnel, 201-opening, 3-first bank ventilation shaft, 301-first blast shaft, 302-first exhaust shaft, 4-second bank ventilation shaft, 401-second blast shaft, 402-second exhaust shaft, 5-water area blower room, 51-water area blower, 52-water area blower valve, 6-jet blower, 7-blower, 8-blower, 9-blower valve, 10-water area blower valve and 11-land area blower valve.

Detailed Description

The technical solutions of the present invention will be described clearly and completely with reference to the accompanying drawings, and it should be understood that the described embodiments are some, but not all embodiments of the present invention. All other embodiments, which can be derived by a person skilled in the art from the embodiments given herein without making any creative effort, shall fall within the protection scope of the present invention.

Example 1:

referring to fig. 2 to 4, the present invention relates to a ventilation system for a double-hole one-way long and large underwater highway tunnel, comprising a pilot tunnel or a service tunnel 2 arranged between two main lines tunnels, wherein the diameter of the pilot tunnel or the service tunnel 2 is preferably 1/3 to 2/3 of the main lines, two ends of the pilot tunnel or the service tunnel 2 are embedded into the shore and the outlet and inlet of the pilot tunnel or the service tunnel are communicated with the atmosphere, the two main lines are respectively provided with a first shore ventilation shaft 3 and a second shore ventilation shaft 4 at two sides of a water area, and the first shore ventilation shaft 3 and the second shore ventilation shaft 4 are both communicated with the two main lines; the first shore ventilation shaft 3 is provided with a first blast shaft 301 and a first exhaust shaft 302 which are communicated with the ground atmosphere; the second shore ventilation shaft 4 is provided with a second blast shaft 401 and a second exhaust shaft 402 which are communicated with the ground atmosphere; the first air supply shaft 301, the first air discharge shaft 302, the second air supply shaft 401, and the second air discharge shaft 402 are preferably arranged perpendicular to the main line tunnel.

A traffic lane 103 is arranged on the section of the main line tunnel 1, the top space of the traffic lane 103 is a discharge flue 104, a plurality of jet fans 6 and discharge flues 104 made by utilizing the upper space of the main line tunnel 1 are hung at the top of the traffic lane 103, and the two ends of the discharge flues are respectively connected with a first discharge shaft 302 and a second discharge shaft 402; a local air duct 105 having an L-shaped structural layout is provided between the water area fan room 5 and the main line tunnel 1, and as a preferable design, the local air duct 105 may be structurally designed as a part of the discharge duct 104 (see fig. 4).

A water area blower room 5 is arranged between the main line tunnel 1 and the pilot tunnel or the service tunnel 2, and a blower 7 and a blower valve 9 are arranged in the first blower well 301 and the second blower well 401; a water area blower 51 and a water area blower valve 52 are arranged in the water area blower room 5; a water area exhaust valve 10 is arranged between the exhaust flue 104 and the main line tunnel 1, and a land area exhaust valve 11 is arranged between the exhaust fan 8 and the main line tunnel 1.

Preferably, the pilot tunnel 2 is arranged in parallel with the two main tunnels 1.

Preferably, the water area fan room 5 and the water area exhaust valve 10 can be arranged at one or more positions according to the ventilation section requirements of the main line tunnel 1.

Referring to fig. 2 to 6, in the ventilation method of the ventilation system for the double-hole one-way long and large underwater highway tunnel, fresh air is firstly fed from the driving inlet 101 to the main line tunnel 1 by using the induction of the jet fan 6, and then the exhaust valve 10 in the water area is opened to exhaust waste gas along the exhaust flue 104 through the exhaust fan 8 in the second exhaust shaft 402 (or the first exhaust shaft 302);

then a blower in a water area blower room 5 takes air from a service tunnel or a pilot tunnel 2, fresh air is fed into a main line tunnel 1, then a land area exhaust device 11 is started to exhaust waste gas through an exhaust blower in a second exhaust shaft 402 (or a first exhaust shaft 302),

then a blower in a second air supply shaft 401 (or a first air supply shaft 301) is used for taking air from outdoor atmosphere to blow fresh air into the main line tunnel 1, and finally residual waste gas is discharged from the travelling crane outlet 102 under the induction action of a jet fan 6;

one or more water area fan rooms and one or more water area exhaust valves can be arranged according to the length of the tunnel passing through the water area and the tunnel section air speed as a control factor.

Preferably, in order to enhance the air exhaust capability, an exhaust fan 8 is arranged in the first air exhaust shaft 302 and the second air exhaust shaft 402.

The main line tunnel is divided into a long water area ventilation section and a short land area ventilation section through a shore shaft, wherein the water area section is a large ventilation section, a traffic lane is used as a ventilation channel, a discharge flue, a service tunnel or a pilot tunnel is used as an auxiliary ventilation channel, supplementary air exhaust is carried out through the discharge flue, supplementary air supply is carried out through the service tunnel or the pilot tunnel, and the arrangement of the water area shaft is cancelled.

In the description of the present invention, it should be noted that the terms "center", "upper", "lower", "left", "right", "vertical", "horizontal", "inner", "outer", and the like indicate orientations or positional relationships based on the orientations or positional relationships shown in the drawings, which are only for convenience in describing the present invention and simplifying the description, but do not indicate or imply that the referred device or element must have a specific orientation, be constructed in a specific orientation, and be operated.

The foregoing shows and describes the general principles and features and advantages of the present invention. It will be understood by those skilled in the art that the present invention is not limited to the embodiments described above, which are described in the specification and illustrated only for the purpose of illustrating the structural relationship and principles of the present invention, but that various changes and modifications may be made without departing from the spirit and scope of the invention as defined in the appended claims.