阅读说明：本技术 一种三击式喷注器 (Three-stroke injector ) 是由 不公告发明人 于 2020-04-13 设计创作，主要内容包括：一种三击式喷注器,由喷注盘、燃料剂壳体、燃料剂管嘴和氧化剂管嘴组成,其中喷注盘的中部呈圆锥形,内部为氧化剂腔,喷注盘的顶部设有上凸台,上凸台中央开有圆孔,圆孔与氧化剂腔连通；喷注盘的底部设有下凸台,并在下凸台内设有规则排布的流道孔、三击式喷注孔组和燃料剂冷却孔；燃料剂壳体与喷注盘的上凸台和下凸台通过焊接固连,燃料剂壳体与喷注盘的圆锥形侧面在圆周上形成燃料剂腔,并与燃料剂管嘴通过焊接相连；燃料剂管嘴的管嘴腔与燃料剂腔连通；燃料剂壳体的顶部设计有圆形凹槽,其与氧化剂管嘴通过焊接固连。本发明优化了喷注器结构,工艺简单制做精准,能使推进剂高效雾化、掺混和燃烧,提高了燃烧效率。(A three-shot injector comprises an injection disc, a fuel agent shell, a fuel agent nozzle and an oxidant nozzle, wherein the middle part of the injection disc is conical, an oxidant cavity is arranged inside the injection disc, an upper boss is arranged at the top of the injection disc, a round hole is formed in the center of the upper boss, and the round hole is communicated with the oxidant cavity; the bottom of the injection plate is provided with a lower boss, and the lower boss is internally provided with regularly distributed runner holes, three-shot injection hole groups and fuel agent cooling holes; the fuel agent shell is fixedly connected with the upper boss and the lower boss of the injection disc in a welding manner, and a fuel agent cavity is formed on the circumference of the conical side surface of the fuel agent shell and the conical side surface of the injection disc and is connected with the fuel agent nozzle in a welding manner; the nozzle chamber of the fuel agent nozzle is communicated with the fuel agent chamber; the top of the fuel agent shell is designed with a circular groove which is fixedly connected with the oxidant nozzle through welding. The invention optimizes the structure of the injector, has simple process and accurate manufacture, can efficiently atomize, mix and burn the propellant, and improves the combustion efficiency.)

1. A three-shot injector, characterized by: the fuel injection device is characterized by comprising a jetting disc (1), a fuel agent shell (2), a fuel agent nozzle (3) and an oxidant nozzle (4), wherein the middle part of the jetting disc (1) is conical, an oxidant cavity (13) is arranged in the conical inner part, an upper boss (11) is arranged at the top of the jetting disc (1), a round hole (12) is formed in the center of the upper boss (11), and the round hole (12) is communicated with the oxidant cavity (13); the bottom of the injection plate (1) is provided with a lower boss (14), and the lower boss (14) is internally provided with flow passage holes (15), three-shot injection hole groups (16) and fuel cooling holes (19) which are regularly distributed; the three-shot injection hole group (16) comprises two fuel agent holes (17) and an oxidant hole (18), wherein the fuel agent holes (17) are communicated with the runner hole (15), and the oxidant hole (18) is communicated with the oxidant cavity (13); the fuel agent shell (2) is fixedly connected with an upper boss (11) and a lower boss (14) of the injection disc (1) through welding, a fuel agent cavity (21) is formed on the circumference of the conical side face of the fuel agent shell (2) and the injection disc (1), and the fuel agent cooling holes (19) are located in the bottom edge area of the lower boss (14) of the injection disc (1), are uniformly distributed along the circumference and are communicated with the fuel agent cavity (21); a side hole (22) is formed in one side of the fuel agent shell (2) and is fixedly connected with the fuel agent nozzle (3) through welding; the fuel agent nozzle (3) is cylindrical, a nozzle cavity (31) is arranged inside the fuel agent nozzle, and the nozzle cavity (31) is communicated with the fuel agent cavity (21); the top of the fuel agent shell (2) is provided with a circular groove (23) which is fixedly connected with the oxidant nozzle (4) through welding, the oxidant nozzle (4) is integrally conical, and an inner nozzle cavity (41) is communicated with a circular hole (12) and an oxidant cavity (13) of the injection disc (1).

2. The triple-shot injector of claim 1, wherein: the flow passage holes (15) are uniformly distributed along the conical side surface of the injection disc (1) and are communicated with the fuel agent cavity (21).

3. The triple-shot injector of claim 1, wherein: the flow channel holes (15) are divided into three groups, each group is uniformly distributed along the circumference, and the length of the first group of flow channel holes (15) along the radius direction is 5-50 mm smaller than the radius of the injection disc (1); the length of the second group of flow channel holes (15) in the radius direction is 25-75 mm smaller than the radius of the injection disc (1); the length of the third group of flow passage holes (15) along the radius direction is 50-100 mm smaller than the radius of the injection disc (1); the flow passage holes (15) uniformly distributed in a spaced manner in the first group of flow passage holes (15) or the second group of flow passage holes (15) are communicated with each other in the radial direction.

4. The triple-shot injector of claim 1, wherein: the oxidant hole (18) is positioned between the two fuel agent holes (17), the axes of the two fuel agent holes (17) and the axis of the oxidant hole (18) form an included angle of 5-85 degrees, and the three axes are jointly intersected at one point.

5. The triple-shot injector of claim 1, wherein: the fuel agent shell (2) is integrally annular, and a side hole (22) is formed in the side surface; the upper end of the injection plate is provided with a circular groove (23) and an upper round hole (24), the lower end of the injection plate is provided with a lower round hole (25), the upper round hole (24) is fixedly connected with an upper boss (11) of the injection plate (1) through welding, and the lower round hole (25) is fixedly connected with a lower boss (14) of the injection plate (1) through welding.

Technical Field

The invention relates to a three-shot injector, which belongs to the technical field of aerospace and liquid rocket engines and is used for a power supply system of a liquid rocket engine.

Background

The liquid rocket generally comprises a fairing, an instrument cabin, a stage section, an oxidant storage tank, a fuel storage tank, a pressurizing conveying system, an engine, a tail section and the like. The liquid rocket engine mainly comprises a gas generator, a turbopump, a thrust chamber, various valves, pipelines and the like. The function of the gas generator in the liquid engine is to atomize, mix and burn the propellant to generate high-energy high-temperature and high-pressure gas, and then further expand the gas to do work to drive the turbine to rotate at high speed, so as to drive the turbopump to enable the liquid rocket engine to work and provide power for the whole rocket. The gas generator is mainly composed of an injector and a combustion chamber. The injector is a key part for atomizing and mixing the propellant, and directly influences the working performance of the gas generator;

at present, injectors used by domestic and foreign gas generators are mostly formed by welding scattered sheet metal parts in a splicing mode, the structure is complex, the manufacturing difficulty is high, particularly for a large number of splicing-welding nozzles, the welding precision is difficult to guarantee, the problems that propellant is atomized, the mixing effect is poor, the propellant cannot be efficiently combusted in a combustion chamber exist, the combustion efficiency is low in some injectors, high temperature occurs in the local part of the combustion chamber, and even the gas generator is burnt out.

Disclosure of Invention

The technical problem to be solved by the invention is as follows: the design and the manufacturing scheme of the injector used by the existing gas generator are changed, the structure of the injection disc is simplified, the method for atomizing and mixing the propellant is changed, the problems of low combustion efficiency, high temperature in the local part of a combustion chamber and serious influence on the working performance of the gas generator are solved, the novel three-shot injector is provided, the butt-welding nozzle with rough positioning is changed into an injection hole form processed by a single module, the process is simple and accurate to manufacture, the propellant is efficiently atomized and mixed in a limited space by the special three-shot injection hole group, and the combustion efficiency is improved; meanwhile, the fuel agent cooling holes provide liquid film cooling protection for the combustion area, and high temperature is avoided locally in the combustion chamber. The technical scheme is suitable for the injector using the fuel agent and the oxidant bipropellant, and fills the design blank in the technical field at home and abroad;

the technical scheme of the invention is as follows: a three-shot injector comprises an injection disc (1), a fuel agent shell (2), a fuel agent nozzle (3) and an oxidant nozzle (4), wherein the middle part of the injection disc (1) is conical, an oxidant cavity (13) is arranged in the conical shape, an upper boss (11) is arranged at the top of the injection disc (1), a round hole (12) is formed in the center of the upper boss (11), and the round hole (12) is communicated with the oxidant cavity (13); the bottom of the injection plate (1) is provided with a lower boss (14), and the lower boss (14) is internally provided with flow passage holes (15), three-shot injection hole groups (16) and fuel cooling holes (19) which are regularly distributed; the three-stroke injection hole group (16) comprises two fuel agent holes (17) and an oxidant hole (18), wherein the fuel agent holes (17) are communicated with the runner hole (15), and the oxidant hole (18) is communicated with the oxidant cavity (13); the fuel agent shell (2) is fixedly connected with an upper boss (11) and a lower boss (14) of the injection disc (1) through welding, a fuel agent cavity (21) is formed on the circumference of the conical side face of the fuel agent shell (2) and the injection disc (1), and the fuel agent cooling holes (19) are located in the bottom edge area of the lower boss (14) of the injection disc (1), are uniformly distributed along the circumference and are communicated with the fuel agent cavity (21); a side hole (22) is formed in one side of the fuel agent shell (2) and is fixedly connected with the fuel agent nozzle (3) through welding; the fuel agent nozzle (3) is cylindrical, a nozzle cavity (31) is arranged inside the fuel agent nozzle, and the nozzle cavity (31) is communicated with the fuel agent cavity (21); the top of the fuel agent shell (2) is provided with a circular groove (23) which is fixedly connected with the oxidant nozzle (4) through welding, the oxidant nozzle (4) is integrally conical, and an internal nozzle cavity (41) is communicated with a circular hole (12) and an oxidant cavity (13) of the injection disc (1);

The flow passage holes (15) are uniformly distributed along the conical side surface of the injection disc (1) and are communicated with the fuel agent cavity (21);

the flow channel holes (15) are divided into three groups, each group is uniformly distributed along the circumference, and the length of the first group of flow channel holes (15) along the radius direction is 5-50 mm smaller than the radius of the injection disc (1); the length of the second group of flow channel holes (15) in the radius direction is 25-75 mm smaller than the radius of the injection disc (1); the length of the third group of flow passage holes (15) along the radius direction is 50-100 mm smaller than the radius of the injection disc (1); the flow passage holes (15) uniformly distributed in a spaced mode in the first group of flow passage holes (15) or the second group of flow passage holes (15) are communicated with each other in the radial direction;

the oxidant hole (18) is positioned between the two fuel agent holes (17), the axes of the two fuel agent holes (17) and the axis of the oxidant hole (18) form an included angle of 5-85 degrees, and the three axes are jointly intersected at one point;

the fuel agent shell (2) is integrally annular, and a side hole (22) is formed in the side surface; the upper end of the injection plate is provided with a circular groove (23) and an upper round hole (24), the lower end of the injection plate is provided with a lower round hole (25), the upper round hole (24) is fixedly connected with an upper boss (11) of the injection plate (1) through welding, and the lower round hole (25) is fixedly connected with a lower boss (14) of the injection plate (1) through welding;

The working process of the three-stroke injector provided by the invention is as follows: when the fuel agent enters the annular fuel agent cavity (21) through the nozzle cavity (31) of the fuel agent nozzle (3), flows through the runner hole (15), and is injected into the combustion chamber through the fuel agent hole (17) of the three-shot injection hole group (16); meanwhile, oxidant enters a round hole (12) and an oxidant cavity (13) of the injection disc (1) through a nozzle cavity (41) of the oxidant nozzle (4), and is injected into a combustion chamber through oxidant holes (18) of a three-shot injection hole group (16); two fuel agents injected from two fuel agent holes (17) of the three-shot injection hole group (16) and one oxidant injected from one oxidant hole (18) of the three-shot injection hole group (16) are impacted, atomized, mixed and combusted; meanwhile, the fuel agent is directly sprayed into the combustion chamber through the fuel agent cooling holes (19) in the edge area of the bottom of the injection plate (1), and the fuel agent is evaporated at high temperature to form a cooling layer in a side area, so that the wall temperature is reduced, the mixing effect is enhanced, and the local high temperature of the combustion chamber is avoided;

compared with the prior art, the invention has the advantages that: the injector with the single-module injection disc is applied to the field of fuel gas generators of liquid rocket engines, is easy to manufacture and process, improves the positioning accuracy of the three-shot injection hole group, can realize efficient atomization, mixing and combustion of fuel agents and oxidants, and improves the combustion efficiency; meanwhile, the fuel agent sprayed from the fuel agent cooling holes is evaporated at high temperature to form a cooling layer at the edge area, so that the wall temperature is reduced, and the blending effect is enhanced.

Drawings

FIG. 1 is an elevational, cross-sectional view of a three-shot injector configuration of the present invention;

FIG. 2 is an elevational, cross-sectional view of a fuel housing of a three-shot injector according to the present invention;

FIG. 3 is a perspective cross-sectional view of an injector plate of a triple-throw injector according to the present invention;

FIG. 4 is an elevational, cross-sectional view of a fuel nozzle of a three-shot injector according to the present invention;

FIG. 5 is an elevational, cross-sectional view of an oxidant nozzle of a three shot injector in accordance with the present invention;

FIG. 6 is a bottom sectional view of a first set of channel holes of an injection plate of the three-shot injector of the present invention;

FIG. 7 is a bottom sectional view of a second set of channel holes of an injector plate of the three-shot injector of the present invention;

FIG. 8 is a bottom sectional view of a third set of channel holes of an injector plate of the three-shot injector of the present invention;

FIG. 9 is a bottom sectional view of a nozzle plate orifice of a three-shot injector according to the present invention;

FIG. 10 is a perspective view of an injector plate of a triple-throw injector of the present invention;

FIG. 11 is a bottom view of a triple-click injector plate set of a triple-click injector of the present invention;

FIG. 12 is a bottom partial view of a set of three-click type injection holes of an injection plate of the three-click type injector according to the present invention;

FIG. 13 is a partial cross-sectional view of a triple-throw injection orifice set of an injection plate of the triple-throw injector of the present invention;

FIG. 14 is a bottom view of the injector plate fuel coolant cooling holes of a three shot injector of the present invention;

FIG. 15 is a bottom partial view of the injector plate fuel coolant cooling holes of a three shot injector according to the present invention;

figure 16 is a bottom view of an injection plate of a three-shot injector according to the present invention.

Detailed Description

The following description of the embodiments of the present invention with reference to the drawings;

the three-shot injector is applied to a fuel gas generator of a liquid rocket engine. The three-shot type injector is positioned at the upper part of the gas generator, a combustion chamber is arranged at the lower part of the gas generator, the edge of the bottom surface of the fuel agent shell (2) is used as the bottom connecting part of the three-shot type injector and is welded and connected with the edge of the top surface of the annular shell of the combustion chamber to form the combustion chamber with the space below the bottom surface of the injector closed by an annular surface, so that the propellant injected by the three-shot type injector can collide, atomize and burn in the space. In actual use, a fuel agent nozzle (3) of the triple-impact injector is communicated with a fuel agent storage tank through a pipeline, and an oxidant nozzle (4) is communicated with an oxidant storage tank through a pipeline, so that fuel agent and oxidant are provided for the triple-impact injector;

As shown in figure 1, the three-shot type injector provided by the invention comprises an injection disc (1), a fuel agent shell (2), a fuel agent nozzle (3) and an oxidant nozzle (4), wherein the middle part of the injection disc (1) is conical, an oxidant cavity (13) is arranged in the conical shape, an upper boss (11) is arranged at the top of the injection disc (1), a round hole (12) is formed in the center of the upper boss (11), and the round hole (12) is communicated with the oxidant cavity (13); the bottom of the injection plate (1) is provided with a lower boss (14), and the lower boss (14) is internally provided with flow passage holes (15), three-shot injection hole groups (16) and fuel cooling holes (19) which are regularly distributed; the three-stroke injection hole group (16) comprises two fuel agent holes (17) and an oxidant hole (18), wherein the fuel agent holes (17) are communicated with the runner hole (15), and the oxidant hole (18) is communicated with the oxidant cavity (13); the fuel agent shell (2) is fixedly connected with an upper boss (11) and a lower boss (14) of the injection disc (1) through welding, a fuel agent cavity (21) is formed on the circumference of the conical side face of the fuel agent shell (2) and the injection disc (1), and the fuel agent cooling holes (19) are located in the bottom edge area of the lower boss (14) of the injection disc (1), are uniformly distributed along the circumference and are communicated with the fuel agent cavity (21); a side hole (22) is formed on one side of the fuel agent shell (2), and is connected with the fuel agent nozzle (3) through welding; the fuel agent nozzle (3) is cylindrical, a nozzle cavity (31) is arranged inside the fuel agent nozzle, and the nozzle cavity (31) is communicated with the fuel agent cavity (21); the top of the fuel agent shell (2) is provided with a circular groove (23) which is fixedly connected with an oxidant nozzle (4) through welding, the oxidant nozzle (4) is integrally conical, and an internal nozzle cavity (41) is communicated with a circular hole (12) and an oxidant cavity (13) of the injection disc (1);

As shown in fig. 2, which is a front sectional view of the fuel agent shell (2), the fuel agent shell (2) is in a ring shape as a whole, and a side hole (22) is formed on the side surface; the upper end of the injection plate is provided with a circular groove (23) and an upper round hole (24), the lower end of the injection plate is provided with a lower round hole (25), the upper round hole (24) is fixedly connected with an upper boss (11) of the injection plate (1) through welding, and the lower round hole (25) is fixedly connected with a lower boss (14) of the injection plate (1) through welding;

as shown in fig. 3, which is a front sectional view of the injection disk (1), the middle part of the injection disk (1) is conical, the top part of the injection disk is provided with an upper boss (11), the bottom part of the injection disk is provided with a lower boss (14), and the upper boss (11) and the lower boss (14) are respectively assembled with an upper round hole (24) and a lower round hole (25) of the fuel agent shell (2) in a corresponding relationship;

as shown in fig. 4, which is a front sectional view of the fuel agent nozzle (3), the welding end of the fuel agent nozzle (3) is provided with a boss (32) which is fixedly connected with the side hole (22) of the fuel agent shell (2) in an assembling corresponding relationship by welding;

as shown in fig. 5, which is a front sectional view of the oxidant nozzle (4), the welding end of the oxidant nozzle (4) is provided with a boss (42) which is in an assembly corresponding relationship with the circular groove (23) at the top of the fuel agent shell (2) and fixedly connected by welding;

As shown in fig. 6, which is a bottom cross-sectional view of the first set of channel holes (15) of the injection disk (1), in this embodiment, the radius of the injection disk (1) is 125mm, the number of the first set of channel holes (15) is 8, the radial length of each channel hole (15) is 5 mm-50 mm smaller than the radius of the injection disk (1), the design is 100mm, and the aperture of each channel hole (15) is 10 mm; the first group of 8 flow channel holes (15) are respectively designed along 0 degrees, 45 degrees, 90 degrees, 135 degrees, 180 degrees, 225 degrees, 270 degrees and 315 degrees, wherein the four flow channel holes (15) along 45 degrees, 135 degrees, 225 degrees and 315 degrees are mutually communicated, and the diameter of the communication hole is 6 mm;

as shown in fig. 7, which is a bottom cross-sectional view of the second set of channel holes (15) of the injection disk (1), in this embodiment, 8 channel holes (15) are uniformly distributed along the circumference, the radial length of each channel hole (15) is 25 mm-75 mm smaller than the radius of the injection disk (1), the channel hole is designed to be 80mm, and the aperture of each channel hole (15) is 10 mm; the second group of 8 flow passage holes (15) are respectively designed along 22.5 degrees, 67.5 degrees, 112.5 degrees, 157.5 degrees, 202.5 degrees, 247.5 degrees, 292.5 degrees and 337.5 degrees;

as shown in fig. 8, which is a bottom cross-sectional view of the third set of channel holes (15) of the injection disk (1), in this embodiment, 16 channel holes (15) are uniformly distributed along the circumference, the radial length of each channel hole (15) is 50 mm-100 mm smaller than the radius of the injection disk (1), the design is 50mm, and the aperture of each channel hole (15) is 9 mm; the third group of 8 flow passage holes (15) are respectively designed along 11.25 degrees, 33.75 degrees, 56.25 degrees, 78.75 degrees, 101.25 degrees, 123.75 degrees, 146.25 degrees, 168.75 degrees, 191.25 degrees, 213.75 degrees, 236.25 degrees, 258.75 degrees, 281.25 degrees, 303.75 degrees, 326.25 degrees and 348.75 degrees;

As shown in fig. 9, which is a bottom sectional view of the channel holes (15) on the injection disk (1) after being combined in fig. 6, 7 and 8, there are three groups of 32 channel holes (15), and the channel holes (15) between the groups are staggered and uniformly distributed along the circumference;

as shown in fig. 10, the injection plate (1) is a perspective view, and the openings of the runner holes (15) are uniformly distributed along the conical side surface of the injection plate (1). The fuel cooling holes (19) are uniformly distributed along the circumference, the openings of the fuel cooling holes are positioned on the conical side surface of the injection plate (1) partially at intervals, and the openings of the fuel cooling holes are positioned in the opening edge of the runner hole (15) partially;

as shown in fig. 11, the injection plate (1) is a bottom view of three-click injection hole groups (16), the bottom of the injection plate (1) is provided with 6 circles of three-click injection hole groups (16) uniformly distributed along the circumference, and the number of the three-click injection hole groups (16) in each circle is 4, 8, 16, 32 and 32 from inside to outside; in order to ensure that three-click type injection hole groups (16) are distributed relatively uniformly on the bottom surface of the injection plate (1), adjacent hole groups on the 3 rd circle and the 5 th circle are arranged in a splayed shape;

as shown in fig. 12, which is a partial bottom view of the triple-hit injection hole set (16) of the injection plate (1), it can be seen that the triple-hit injection hole set (16) includes two fuel holes (17) and one oxidizer hole (18), wherein the two fuel holes (17) are located at both sides of the oxidizer hole (18);

As shown in fig. 13, which is a partial cross-sectional view of the triple-impact injection hole set (16) of the injection plate (1), it can be seen that the one oxidizer hole (18) is located in the middle of the two oxidizer holes (17), the axes of the two oxidizer holes (17) and the axis of the one oxidizer hole (18) form an included angle of 5 ° to 85 °, and the three axes are converged together at one point, in this embodiment, the axes of the two oxidizer holes (17) and the axis of the one oxidizer hole (18) form an included angle of 10 °; the oxidant hole (18) is communicated with the oxidant cavity (13), and the fuel agent hole (17) is communicated with the runner hole (15); through multiple atomization and combustion tests, the optimal design diameters of the fuel agent hole (17) and the oxidant hole (18) are respectively determined to be 1.1mm and 1mm according to the combustion effect;

as shown in fig. 14, which is a bottom view of the fuel cooling holes (19) of the injection plate (1), it can be seen that the fuel cooling holes (19) are 64 in total and are uniformly distributed in the bottom edge area of the lower boss (14) of the injection plate (1) along the circumference;

as shown in fig. 15, which is a partial bottom view of the fuel cooling holes (19) of the injector plate (1), it can be seen that there is a certain distance between the fuel cooling holes (19) and the periphery of the lower boss (14) of the injector plate (1), after multiple atomization and combustion tests, the optimal design distance is 6mm according to the cooling effect of the fuel on the wall temperature, and the diameter of the fuel cooling holes (19) is 1 mm;

Fig. 16 shows a bottom view of the combined injection plate (1) of fig. 9, 11 and 14;

when the fuel agent is injected into the combustion chamber through the fuel agent holes (17) of the three-impact injection hole group (16), the oxidant is injected into the combustion chamber through the oxidant holes (18) of the three-impact injection hole group (16); two fuel agents injected from two fuel agent holes (17) of the three-shot injection hole group (16) and one oxidant injected from one oxidant hole (18) of the three-shot injection hole group (16) are impacted, atomized, mixed and combusted; meanwhile, the fuel agent is directly sprayed into the combustion chamber through the fuel agent cooling holes (19), and the fuel agent is evaporated at high temperature to form a cooling layer at the edge area, so that the wall temperature is reduced, the mixing effect is enhanced, and the local high temperature of the combustion chamber is avoided;

practice proves that the combustion efficiency of the gas generator with the injector is at least improved by 25% and can reach more than 95% compared with the combustion efficiency of the original gas generator; the bottom surface temperature of the injection plate is less than 60 ℃, and the cooling effect is good;

while the invention has been described with reference to specific embodiments thereof, it is not intended to be limited thereto, and it will be appreciated by those skilled in the art that changes may be made without departing from the principles of the invention and that such changes are intended to be within the scope of the invention as set forth in the following claims.

Those skilled in the art will appreciate that the invention may be practiced without these specific details.