阅读说明：本技术 一种从低品位难处理复杂物料中富集贵金属的方法 (Method for enriching precious metals from low-grade complex materials difficult to process ) 是由 王延强 赵英凯 王立 马军 郭晓辉 刘发存 于 2020-04-29 设计创作，主要内容包括：本发明公开了一种从低品位难处理复杂物料中富集贵金属的方法,包括以下步骤：将低品位难处理复杂物料转变为贵金属锍；将贵金属锍与镍系统火法产出的二次合金按质量比1：(9-11)混合,得到混合物料；使混合物料依次经过第一机械釜、第二机械釜、第三机械釜、第四机械釜进行控电氯化处理,得到产出物料；产出物料经压滤机压滤后得到滤渣,将滤渣进行亚硫酸钠脱硫,脱硫后的滤渣进行第二次控电氯化处理,得到第二次产出物料,将第二次产出物料过滤洗涤后得到铂精矿。本发明贵金属收率都在99％以上,能够降低成本并提高贵金属收率。(The invention discloses a method for enriching precious metals from low-grade complex materials difficult to process, which comprises the following steps: converting low-grade complex materials which are difficult to process into noble metal sulfonium; carrying out pyrogenic process on noble metal sulfonium and nickel system to produce secondary alloy according to the mass ratio of 1: (9-11) mixing to obtain a mixed material; allowing the mixed material to sequentially pass through a first mechanical kettle, a second mechanical kettle, a third mechanical kettle and a fourth mechanical kettle for electro-controlled chlorination treatment to obtain an output material; and carrying out filter pressing on the output material by a filter press to obtain filter residue, carrying out sodium sulfite desulfurization on the filter residue, carrying out second-time controlled electro-chlorination on the desulfurized filter residue to obtain a second-time output material, and filtering and washing the second-time output material to obtain platinum concentrate. The yield of the noble metal is more than 99 percent, so that the cost can be reduced and the yield of the noble metal can be improved.)

1. A method for the enrichment of precious metals from low grade refractory complex materials, characterized in that the method comprises the following steps:

step (1): converting low-grade complex materials which are difficult to process into noble metal sulfonium;

step (2): carrying out pyrogenic process on noble metal sulfonium and nickel system to produce secondary alloy according to the mass ratio of 1: (9-11) mixing to obtain a mixed material;

and (3): allowing the mixed material to sequentially pass through a first mechanical kettle, a second mechanical kettle, a third mechanical kettle and a fourth mechanical kettle for electro-controlled chlorination treatment to obtain an output material; hydrochloric acid is filled in the first mechanical kettle, the mixed material is fed into the first mechanical kettle through a screw feeder, the hydrochloric acid is continuously input into the first mechanical kettle, chlorine is introduced into the first mechanical kettle, the potential of the first mechanical kettle is 200mV-320mV, and the temperature in the first mechanical kettle is 95-100 ℃; introducing chlorine into the third mechanical kettle after the mixed material reaches the third mechanical kettle;

and (4): and carrying out filter pressing on the output material by a filter press to obtain filter residue, carrying out sodium sulfite desulfurization on the filter residue, carrying out second-time controlled electro-chlorination on the desulfurized filter residue to obtain a second-time output material, and filtering and washing the second-time output material to obtain platinum concentrate.

2. The method for enriching noble metals from low-grade refractory complex materials according to claim 1, wherein in the step (2), the noble metal matte is ball-milled into 80-200 mesh particles and then mixed with the secondary alloy produced by the nickel system pyrogenic process.

3. The method for enriching noble metals from low-grade difficult-to-process complex materials according to claim 1, wherein the solid-liquid mass ratio of the mixed material to the hydrochloric acid contained in the first mechanical kettle in the step (3) is 1 (4-5), the concentration of the hydrochloric acid contained in the first mechanical kettle is 1.5mol/L-2.5mol/L, the adding amount of the mixed material fed into the first mechanical kettle is 210kg/h-250kg/h, and the adding amount of the hydrochloric acid continuously fed into the first mechanical kettle is 840L/h-1000L/h.

4. The method for enriching noble metals from low-grade difficult-to-process complex materials according to claim 1, characterized in that the temperature in the first mechanical kettle is controlled to be 95-100 ℃, the temperature in the second mechanical kettle is controlled to be 95-100 ℃, the temperature in the third mechanical kettle is controlled to be 90-95 ℃, and the temperature in the fourth mechanical kettle is controlled to be 90-95 ℃; the third mechanical kettle comprises a first grid chamber, a second grid chamber, a third grid chamber and a fourth grid chamber, wherein the potentials of the first grid chamber and the second grid chamber of the third mechanical kettle are both 410mV-425mV, and the potentials of the third grid chamber and the fourth grid chamber of the third mechanical kettle are both 415mV-420 mV.

5. The method for enriching the precious metals from the low-grade refractory complex materials according to claim 1, wherein the components and mass percentages of the low-grade refractory complex materials in the step (1) are as follows: pt + Pd + Au: 0.09% -0.12%, Ni: 40% -45%, Cu: 30% -35%, S: 10 to 15 percent of the total weight of the alloy, and the balance of impurity elements.

Technical Field

The invention belongs to the technical field of metallurgical processes, and particularly relates to a method for enriching precious metals from low-grade complex materials difficult to process.

Background

The method is characterized in that the matte mainly composed of nickel sulfide and copper sulfide is used for trapping the precious metals in the low-grade complex materials difficult to process, the nickel sulfide plays a main role, mineral components in the nickel sulfide and the copper sulfide are subjected to slagging reaction under the high-temperature melting condition, the platinum group metals are trapped by the nickel matte, and the produced precious metal nickel matte is obtained. The electro-controlled chlorination process for noble metal nickel matte utilizes the low oxidation potential (less than 340mV) of nickel, copper, iron and other base metals and the high oxidation potential (more than 440mV) of noble metals, and utilizes the difference between them to make the solution keep about 400mV of oxidation potential value by controlling the amount of chlorine used in hydrochloric acid medium, at this potential, base metals are oxidized and enter the solution, while noble metals are not reacted and remain in the slag, thus achieving the purpose of separating noble and base metals.

However, in a long-term experiment, the controlled electro-chlorination process is used for treating the noble metal sulfonium, and because the content of nickel and copper in the noble metal nickel sulfonium is low and the content of noble metal is low, when the controlled electro-chlorination process is used for separating the noble metals and base metals, the reaction in a kettle is severe, the oxidation-reduction potential is not easy to control, and the separation of the noble metals and base metals is easy to cause abnormal phenomena and possible loss of valuable metals.

Disclosure of Invention

In order to overcome the defects of the prior art, the method for enriching the precious metals from the low-grade difficultly-treated complex materials is obtained by changing the method for separately treating the precious metal nickel matte into a process for matching and treating the precious metal nickel matte with the secondary alloy produced by the pyrogenic process of a nickel system on the basis of analyzing the components of the precious metal nickel matte.

The invention adopts the following technical scheme:

a method for the enrichment of precious metals from low grade refractory complex materials, characterized in that the method comprises the following steps:

step (1): converting low-grade complex materials which are difficult to process into noble metal sulfonium;

step (2): carrying out pyrogenic process on noble metal sulfonium and nickel system to produce secondary alloy according to the mass ratio of 1: (9-11) mixing to obtain a mixed material;

and (3): allowing the mixed material to sequentially pass through a first mechanical kettle, a second mechanical kettle, a third mechanical kettle and a fourth mechanical kettle for electro-controlled chlorination treatment to obtain an output material; hydrochloric acid is filled in the first mechanical kettle, the mixed material is fed into the first mechanical kettle through a screw feeder, the hydrochloric acid is continuously input into the first mechanical kettle, chlorine is introduced into the first mechanical kettle, the potential of the first mechanical kettle is 200mV-320mV, and the temperature in the first mechanical kettle is 95-100 ℃; introducing chlorine into the third mechanical kettle after the mixed material reaches the third mechanical kettle;

and (4): and carrying out filter pressing on the output material by a filter press to obtain filter residue, carrying out sodium sulfite desulfurization on the filter residue, carrying out second-time controlled electro-chlorination on the desulfurized filter residue to obtain a second-time output material, and filtering and washing the second-time output material to obtain platinum concentrate.

The method for enriching the precious metals from the low-grade complex materials difficult to process is characterized in that in the step (2), the precious metal matte is ball-milled into particles of 80-200 meshes and then mixed with the secondary alloy produced by the nickel system pyrogenic process.

The method for enriching the precious metals from the low-grade difficult-to-process complex materials is characterized in that the solid-liquid mass ratio of the mixed materials to the hydrochloric acid filled in the first mechanical kettle in the step (3) is 1 (4-5), the concentration of the hydrochloric acid filled in the first mechanical kettle is 1.5-2.5 mol/L, the adding amount of the mixed materials fed into the first mechanical kettle is 210-250 kg/h, and the adding amount of the hydrochloric acid continuously fed into the first mechanical kettle is 840-1000L/h.

The method for enriching the precious metals from the low-grade complex materials difficult to process is characterized in that the temperature in the first mechanical kettle is controlled to be 95-100 ℃, the temperature in the second mechanical kettle is controlled to be 95-100 ℃, the temperature in the third mechanical kettle is controlled to be 90-95 ℃, and the temperature in the fourth mechanical kettle is controlled to be 90-95 ℃; the third mechanical kettle comprises a first grid chamber, a second grid chamber, a third grid chamber and a fourth grid chamber, wherein the potentials of the first grid chamber and the second grid chamber of the third mechanical kettle are both 410mV-425mV, and the potentials of the third grid chamber and the fourth grid chamber of the third mechanical kettle are both 415mV-420 mV.

The method for enriching the precious metals from the low-grade difficult-to-process complex materials is characterized in that the components and the mass percentages of the components of the low-grade difficult-to-process complex materials in the step (1) are as follows: pt + Pd + Au: 0.09% -0.12%, Ni: 40% -45%, Cu: 30% -35%, S: 10 to 15 percent of the total weight of the alloy, and the balance of impurity elements.

The invention has the beneficial technical effects that: the invention relates to a technology for enriching precious metals from low-grade complex materials difficult to process, which can effectively select and enrich the precious metals according to the process characteristics, can be applied to the secondary alloy of a nickel system processed by a wet process, and can also be applied to the processing of precious metal sulfonium generated by pyrogenic process. The invention changes the method for independently processing the noble metal nickel matte into the process for matching and processing the secondary alloy produced by the pyrogenic process of the nickel system, and explores the mesh number, the optimal acidity and the potential change condition of the noble metal nickel matte when the enrichment effect of the noble metal nickel matte is optimal on the basis. The invention can reduce the amount of low-grade materials which are difficult to process and increase the income; the loss of the noble metal can be greatly reduced by controlling technical parameters, the yield is improved, and the yield of the noble metal is over 99 percent; is beneficial to the production of the subsequent purification process.

Drawings

FIG. 1 is a schematic process flow diagram of the present invention.

Detailed Description

Referring to fig. 1, the method for enriching precious metals from low-grade difficult-to-process complex materials comprises the following steps: step (1): the method is characterized in that the matte mainly composed of nickel sulfide and copper sulfide is used for trapping the precious metals, the nickel sulfide plays a main role, and the low-grade difficultly-treated complex materials are converted into the precious metal matte. The low-grade complex materials difficult to process comprise the following components: pt + Pd + Au: 0.09% -0.12%, Ni: 40% -45%, Cu: 30% -35%, S: 10 to 15 percent of the total weight of the alloy, and the balance of other impurity elements. Step (2): ball-milling noble metal sulfonium into 80-200 mesh particles, and mixing with secondary alloy produced by a nickel system pyrogenic process according to the mass ratio of 1: (9-11) carrying out controlled electric chlorination after mixing to obtain a mixed material. And (3): allowing the mixed material to sequentially pass through a first mechanical kettle, a second mechanical kettle, a third mechanical kettle and a fourth mechanical kettle for electro-controlled chlorination treatment to obtain an output material; hydrochloric acid is filled in the first mechanical kettle, the mixed material is fed into the first mechanical kettle through a screw feeder, meanwhile, the hydrochloric acid is continuously input into the first mechanical kettle, chlorine is introduced into the first mechanical kettle, the potential of the first mechanical kettle is 200mV-320mV, and the temperature in the first mechanical kettle is 95-100 ℃; when the mixed material reaches the third mechanical kettle, introducing chlorine into the third mechanical kettle; the solid-liquid mass ratio of the mixed material to the hydrochloric acid contained in the first mechanical kettle is 1 (4-5), the concentration of the hydrochloric acid contained in the first mechanical kettle is 1.5-2.5 mol/L, the adding amount of the mixed material fed into the first mechanical kettle is 210-250 kg/h, and the adding amount of the hydrochloric acid continuously input into the first mechanical kettle is 840-1000L/h. The temperature in the first mechanical kettle is controlled to be 95-100 ℃, the temperature in the second mechanical kettle is controlled to be 95-100 ℃, the temperature in the third mechanical kettle is controlled to be 90-95 ℃, and the temperature in the fourth mechanical kettle is controlled to be 90-95 ℃; the third mechanical kettle comprises a first grid chamber, a second grid chamber, a third grid chamber and a fourth grid chamber, wherein the potentials of the first grid chamber and the second grid chamber of the third mechanical kettle are both 410mV-425mV, and the potentials of the third grid chamber and the fourth grid chamber of the third mechanical kettle are both 415mV-420 mV. And (4): and carrying out pressure filtration on the output material by using a pressure filter to obtain filter residue, carrying out sodium sulfite desulfurization on the filter residue, carrying out pressure filtration on the desulfurized filter residue by using the pressure filter to obtain second filter residue, pulping the second filter residue, carrying out second electric control chlorination treatment to obtain a second output material, and filtering and washing the second output material to obtain a final product, namely platinum concentrate.