阅读说明：本技术 一种改良的古琴槽腹 (Improved guqin groove belly ) 是由 江志明 江璇 于 2020-04-27 设计创作，主要内容包括：一种改良的古琴槽腹,由顺序连接的音源槽腹、大槽腹(龙池)、小槽腹(凤沼)构成,并从琴额向琴尾方向依次布置,所述音源槽腹的端部由古琴岳山朝琴额方向延伸；所述音源槽腹与大槽腹的交汇处位于琴肩处,该交汇处的槽腹宽度分别小于音源槽腹以及大槽腹的宽度；所述大槽腹与小槽腹的交汇处位于琴腰处,该交汇处的槽腹宽度分别小于大槽腹以及小槽腹的宽度。本发明是依据古琴的特点,结合声学、结构力学、材料力学的相关原则,经过设计、修改,试验、试听、修改,再试制、调校、修改的实践过程,最后确定的。采用三槽腹结构,首先音源槽腹接受并放大琴弦的音韵、振动,使大、小槽腹与之产生共振和共鸣,达到加强古琴共鸣的目的。(An improved guqin groove belly comprises a sound source groove belly, a big groove belly (dragon pool) and a small groove belly (feng marsh) which are connected in sequence, and are sequentially arranged from the forehead to the tail direction of a guqin, and the end part of the sound source groove belly extends from the Yushan of the guqin to the forehead direction; the intersection of the sound source tank belly and the large tank belly is positioned at the musical instrument shoulder, and the width of the tank belly at the intersection is respectively smaller than the width of the sound source tank belly and the width of the large tank belly; the intersection of the large groove web and the small groove web is positioned at the waist of the musical instrument, and the width of the groove web at the intersection is respectively smaller than the width of the large groove web and the width of the small groove web. The invention is finally determined by the practice processes of design, modification, test, audition, modification, trial production, adjustment and modification according to the characteristics of the guqin and the relevant principles of acoustics, structural mechanics and material mechanics. The structure of three-groove abdomen is adopted, and the sound source groove abdomen receives and amplifies the rhyme and vibration of the strings, so that the large and small groove abdomens can resonate and resonate with the large and small groove abdomens, and the purpose of strengthening the resonance of the guqin is achieved.)

1. An improved groove belly of a guqin is positioned inside a guqin panel and covered by a guqin bottom plate, and is characterized in that the groove belly consists of a sound source groove belly (1), a big groove belly (2) and a small groove belly (3) which are sequentially connected, the sound source groove belly is sequentially arranged from the forehead to the tail direction of the guqin, and the end part of the sound source groove belly extends from a yue mountain (4) of the guqin to the forehead direction; the intersection of the sound source tank belly and the large tank belly is positioned at the musical instrument shoulder, and the width of the tank belly at the intersection is respectively smaller than the width of the sound source tank belly and the width of the large tank belly; the intersection of the large groove web and the small groove web is positioned at the waist of the musical instrument, and the width of the groove web at the intersection is respectively smaller than the width of the large groove web and the width of the small groove web.

2. The improved guqin slobber as claimed in claim 1, wherein the sound source slobber is internally provided with a nano-sound (5), the nano-sound corresponds to the position of the four chords of the Yueshan, and the nano-sound in the big slobber and the small slobber corresponds to the positions of the dragon pool and the Fengjiang marsh respectively.

3. The improved guqin channel as claimed in claim 1 or 2, wherein two sound columns (6) are provided in the sound source channel, corresponding to the positions of the two strings and six strings in the Yueshan, respectively, and the two ends of the sound column are connected to the guqin panel (7) and the guqin bottom plate (8), respectively.

4. The improved gully of a ancient lyre as claimed in claim 1, wherein the Yueshan bottom of the ancient lyre is adhered to the surface of the ancient lyre panel and is adhered with the Chenglu (9) as a whole.

5. The improved guqin slob as claimed in claim 1, wherein the surface of the guqin bottom board is adhered with a hardwood tuning fork pond bottom board (10) at the position corresponding to the Yueshan, and the wood grain lines are arranged along the length direction of the Yueshan.

6. The improved harp's socket as in claim 1, wherein the ratio of the major socket length to the minor socket length is 0.618: 0.382, the large belly length is twice the length of the source belly.

7. The improved guqin channel as claimed in claim 1 or 6, wherein the channel has two circular arc-shaped end profiles, and the intersection of the sound source channel and the large channel and the intersection of the large channel and the small channel are formed by the intersection of circular arcs.

8. The improved guqin channel as claimed in claim 7, wherein the sound source channel has a frontal end with a circular arc diameter of d1, a shoulder end with a circular arc diameter of d2, and two side contour lines tangent to the circular arcs at the two ends;

the diameters of the arcs of the shoulder ends of the large groove bellies are d1, the diameters of the arcs of the waist ends of the large groove bellies are d3, and the contour lines of the two sides of the large groove bellies are tangent to the arcs of the two ends of the large groove bellies;

the diameters of the arcs of the small groove bellies at the waist ends of the musical instruments are d2, the diameters of the arcs at the tail ends of the musical instruments are d4, and the contour lines of the two sides of the small groove bellies are tangent to the arcs at the two ends of the small groove bellies;

and d1 > d3 > d2, d2 > d 4.

9. The improved violin of claim 2, wherein the tuning tips of the source cavity, the large cavity and the small cavity of the violin are respectively bonded to the violin panel, and all the tuning tips have a root portion bonded to the violin panel, the root portion is located at a center of the tuning tip and is arranged along a length direction of the tuning tip, and a width of the root portion is smaller than a width of the tuning tip.

Technical Field

The invention relates to an improved seven-stringed plucked instrument, in particular to an improved seven-stringed plucked instrument channel.

Background

The ancient lyre is a bright and bright treasure in Chinese civilization and is a cultural heritage of Chinese non-material culture. However, the traditional groin system of the guqin has the limitation of insufficient resonance. Therefore, many cultural staff have been searching and researching increasingly and hopefully adding flowers to the cultural staff.

Disclosure of Invention

The present invention addresses the above-mentioned limitations of the prior art by providing an improved violin groin to further enhance the resonance of the violin.

The technical scheme of the invention is as follows:

an improved guqin groove belly is positioned inside a guqin panel and covered by a guqin bottom plate, and is characterized in that the groove belly consists of a sound source groove belly, a big groove belly and a small groove belly which are sequentially connected, the sound source groove belly, the big groove belly and the small groove belly are sequentially arranged from the forehead to the tail direction, and the end part of the sound source groove belly extends from the Yushan of the guqin to the forehead direction; the intersection of the sound source tank belly and the large tank belly is positioned at the musical instrument shoulder, and the width of the tank belly (namely the running water) at the intersection is respectively smaller than the width of the sound source tank belly and the width of the large tank belly; the intersection of the large and small slotways is positioned at the waist of the musical instrument, and the width of the slotways (called as running water) at the intersection is respectively smaller than the width of the large and small slotways.

Preferably, the sound source groove abdomen is internally provided with a nano sound corresponding to the position of the four chords of the Yueshan, and the nano sound in the large groove abdomen and the small groove abdomen correspond to the positions of the dragon pool and the feng marsh respectively.

Preferably, two sound columns are arranged in the sound source groove belly and correspond to the positions of two strings and six strings of the Yueshan respectively, and two ends of each sound column are connected with the guqin panel and the guqin bottom plate respectively.

Preferably, the ancient lyre panel does not open a Yueshan embedding and fixing groove, and the bottom of the Yueshan is bonded on the surface of the ancient lyre panel and is bonded with the Chenglu into a whole.

Preferably, the guqin bottom plate does not open a tuning peg pond hole, a hardwood tuning peg pond bottom plate is bonded at the original tuning peg pond position (namely, the hardwood tuning peg pond bottom plate is bonded at the position corresponding to the position of the Yushan on the surface of the guqin bottom plate), and the wood grain lines are arranged along the length direction of the Yushan to increase the transverse tension strength of the bottom plate.

Preferably, the ratio of the major and minor flute web lengths is 0.618: 0.382, the large belly length is twice the length of the source belly.

Preferably, the outlines of the two ends of the tank belly are circular arcs respectively, and the intersection of the sound source tank belly and the large tank belly and the intersection of the large tank belly and the small tank belly are obtained by circular arc intersection respectively.

Preferably, the diameter of the arc where the forehead end of the sound source groove belly is located is d1, the diameter of the arc where the shoulder end of the sound source groove belly is located is d2, and the contour lines of the two sides of the sound source groove belly are tangent to the arcs of the two ends of the sound source groove belly;

the diameters of the arcs of the shoulder ends of the large groove bellies are d1, the diameters of the arcs of the waist ends of the large groove bellies are d3, and the contour lines of the two sides of the large groove bellies are tangent to the arcs of the two ends of the large groove bellies;

the diameters of the arcs of the small groove bellies at the waist ends of the musical instruments are d2, the diameters of the arcs at the tail ends of the musical instruments are d4, and the contour lines of the two sides of the small groove bellies are tangent to the arcs at the two ends of the small groove bellies;

and d1 > d3 > d2, d2 > d 4.

Preferably, the tonalities in the sound source groove belly, big groove belly, the little groove belly of this guqin bond with the guqin panel respectively, and all receive the sound top and have the root with the bonding of guqin panel, and this root is located and receives sound top central point and puts to arrange along receiving the sound length direction, and the width of this root is less than and receives sound top width.

On the basis of keeping the characteristics of the ancient lyre form, the rhyme and the like, the method tries to dredge the conduction of the rhyme and the vibration of the strings, adjust the arrangement of the groove bellies and the like. The structure of the three-groove abdomen is adopted, the sound source groove abdomen receives and amplifies the sound production and vibration of the strings, and the large and small groove abdomens resonate and resonate with the sound source groove abdomen, so that the purpose of strengthening the resonance of the guqin is achieved.

The invention is finally determined by the practice processes of design, modification, test, audition, modification, trial production, adjustment and modification according to the characteristics of the guqin and the relevant principles of acoustics, structural mechanics and material mechanics. The ancient lyre shape keeps the original shape, the rhyme is more round and smooth, each sound of seven strings can have sufficient resonance, and the lingering rhyme is lingering. The ancient lyre adopting the groin belly system of the invention is well appreciated and affirmed by famous Yangzhou and teachers of funding and hacking lyre, and has wide market space.

Drawings

FIG. 1 is a view of the layout of the grove belly in the present invention;

FIG. 2 is a layout diagram of the cavity end circular resonators according to the present invention;

FIG. 3 is a cross-sectional view of the ancient lyre of the present invention at the Yueshan;

FIG. 4 is a longitudinal cross-sectional view of a seven-stringed plucked instrument of the present invention (the forehead portion);

FIG. 5 is an enlarged view of a portion of FIG. 4;

FIGS. 6-1, 6-2, 6-3 are sequential longitudinal, cross-sectional and plan views of a nanohorn;

in the figure: the sound source channel web 1, the large channel web 2, the small channel web 3, the Yueshan 4, the sonar 5, the sound column 6, the Guqin panel 7, the Guqin bottom plate 8, the Chenglu 9, the hardwood tuning fork pond bottom plate 10, the sonar and the musical instrument panel bonding surface (the sonar root) 11, and the sonar main body 12.

Detailed Description

As shown in the figure, the improved guqin channel web is composed of a sound source channel web 1, a big channel web 2 and a small channel web 3 which are connected in sequence and are sequentially arranged from the forehead to the tail direction, and the end part of the sound source channel web extends from the Yushan mountain 4 of the guqin to the forehead direction (the end part of the original channel web of the traditional guqin starts from the shoulder).

The intersection of the sound source tank belly and the large tank belly is positioned at the musical instrument shoulder, and the width of the tank belly at the intersection is respectively smaller than the width of the sound source tank belly and the width of the large tank belly; the intersection of the large and small groove bellies is located at the waist, and the width of the groove bellies at the intersection is smaller than the width of the large and small groove bellies respectively. The outlines of the two ends of the groove belly are respectively arc-shaped, and the intersection of the sound source groove belly and the large groove belly and the intersection of the large groove belly and the small groove belly are respectively obtained by arc intersection.

The invention discloses an improved Guqin belly hacking method, which comprises the following steps:

firstly, dredging the conduction of the sound and the vibration of the string:

1. hollowing out the lower part of the mountain and the abdomen of the forehead to form a complete sound source slogan.

2. The Yueshan embedding groove of the panel and the tuning peg pool of the bottom plate are eliminated, and the integrity of the upper and lower musical instrument boards of the sound source groove belly is improved.

3. The position of four strings below the Yushan of the ancient lyre panel is longitudinally provided with a sonar along the lyre body, the positions of two strings and six strings below the Yushan of the ancient lyre panel are provided with a sound column, and the sound rhyme and the vibration of the strings conducted from the Yushan are conducted to the panel and the bottom plate through the sonar and the sound column.

4. The Yueshan is added to be 12mm thick, firmly and stably bonded on the piano plate, and is bonded with the Chenglu into a whole.

5. The bottom plate of the hardwood tuning fork pond is adhered to the position of the bottom plate, which is not far away from the tuning fork pond, and wood grains need to be arranged along the length direction of the tuning fork pond so as to increase the transverse tension strength of the bottom plate.

Another key to forming the source grove is the structural design:

seen from the cross section of the instrument body, the arc-shaped panel (longitudinal wood grain) and the overlapped Yueshan yuanlu (transverse wood grain), two side instrument walls, two sound columns, the bottom plate (longitudinal wood grain) and the overlapped hardwood tuning fork pool bottom plate (transverse wood grain) form a four-shaped framework (see figure 3), the downward tension (F1) and vibration of the seven strings are borne by the integral four-shaped framework, and the arc-shaped panel and the Yueshan resemble an arch bridge and uniformly transmit the tension and vibration of the strings downwards. The two walls and the sound column are compression rods, and the hardwood tuning fork pond bottom plate in the bottom plate combination bears the tension transmitted by the whole framework.

Then, viewed from the longitudinal section of the body (see fig. 4), the panel, the sound post, the shoulder and the end wall of the forehead form another horizontal reversed 'Chinese character ri' shaped framework. In the framework, the strings bend by ninety degrees at the top of the Yueshan to form two forces which are vertical to each other, F1 is vertically pulled to the bottom of the musical instrument, and F2 is horizontally pulled to the tail of the musical instrument. Case F1 as described above, F2 creates a moment F2m and a horizontal force F2 at point "O" at the root of the mountain (see fig. 5). Performing shear resisting checking calculation on the bonding surface at the bottom of the Yueshan according to the tension of the standard sound of the effective chord length of the string of the Guqin, and performing axial compression resisting checking calculation on the panel; similarly, the bending resistance of the Yueshan bonding surface tensile and panel nano-sound combination can be verified by balancing the f2m moment.

Secondly, setting the layout of the three groove bellies:

1. the gutta-percha is divided into an audio source gutta-percha, a large gutta-percha, and a small gutta-percha, and is sequentially arranged from the headstock downward (see fig. 1).

2. Interrelationship of the various flanks (see fig. 1):

firstly, the sound source tank bellies receive and amplify the sound production and vibration of the strings, and the large and small tank bellies can resonate and resonate with the sound source tank bellies; secondly, the large and small groove bellies cannot be simple geometric shapes to avoid narrow resonance frequency bandwidth; meanwhile, the large and small groove flanks cannot form a proportional relation so that the resonance frequency coverage is complementary. Meanwhile, the distribution is calculated by selecting the length of the groove belly according to the relation of the length-width ratio of the body.

Setting the length of the piano 1230mm and the total length of the groove belly L =1160mm, and requiring that:

the major and minor groove flank lengths A and B are in the relationship of 0.618/0.382;

the large belly length a is twice the sound source belly length C;

the length A of the large abdomen, the length B of the small abdomen and the length C of the sound source abdomen are equal to the total length of the large abdomen;

namely: A/B =0.618/0.382

A=2C

A+B+C=L；

Thus, the following steps are obtained: a =547.65mm, and A =550mm is taken;

b =338.52mm, and B =340mm is taken;

c =273.82mm, take C =270 mm.

Thirdly, arranging a circular abdominal cavity at the end part of the plane of the groove abdomen:

1. the diameter d1=170mm of the circle where the shoulder end of the large-groove belly is located, the diameter d3=150mm of the circle where the waist end of the piano is located, and two sides are connected by a tangent line; the length of the nano-sound between the two circles is 230mm, and the width of the nano-sound is 40 mm;

2. the diameter d2=140mm of the circle where the shoulder end of the small groove belly is located, the diameter d4=120mm of the circle where the tail end of the musical instrument is located, and two sides are connected by tangent lines; the nano-sound extends into two circles with the length of 20mm respectively and is an ellipse with the long diameter of 120mm and the short diameter of 50 mm;

3. the diameter d1=170mm of the circle of the forehead end of the sound source groove belly organ is the same as the diameter of the circle of the shoulder end of the big groove belly organ; the diameter d2=140mm of the circle of the shoulder end of the sound source groove web is the same as the diameter of the circle of the waist end of the small groove web (see figure 2), and the two sides are connected by tangent lines; the nano sound is about 2/3R =2/3 × 85=57mm (R is half of d 1) from the Yueshan control line to the headstock, and is taken as 55 mm; backward into a 140mm circle 50mm, total length =150mm, width 30mm (see fig. 1);

4. the joint between the large trough belly and the small trough belly forms a water flow port by the goose foot ponds at two sides, and the calculation of the port width K1 is as follows:

[d2+(d3-d2)*d2/(d2+d3)]*0.6=[140+（150-140）*140/(140+150)]*0.6=144.8*0.6=86.88mm；

considering the adduction of the violin and the strength requirement of the anser poda pool, K1=80mm was audited.

5. The joint between the sound source tank belly and the large tank belly is formed by inward contraction of the musical instrument shoulder to form a water flowing port, and the width K2 of the port is calculated as follows:

[d2+(d1-d2)*d2/(d1+d2)]*0.65=[140+(170-140)*140/(170+140)]*0.65=153.55*0.65=99.81mm；

considering that no other structural requirements exist at the adduction part of the shoulder, K2=100mm is audited;

6. the dragon pool of the bottom plate is 210mm long, the feng marsh is 100mm long, the center of the dragon pool corresponds to the corresponding sound receiving center, and a simple geometric figure is avoided by punching;

7. the inside of the groove belly is finally polished by a blade, and the edge and the head and the tail of the sound receiving part are rounded and polished.

Fourthly, after-loading type nano-sound:

1. the ancient lyre wood block calibration is realized by irreversibly hacking a panel in a groove cavity mainly according to the pronunciation of each string, but through experiments, the ancient lyre wood block calibration is observed as follows: when the quality of each 10g of the nano-consonant is increased or decreased, the phonological rhythm close to the critical state is changed in a sensible manner. Therefore, through experiments, the physical function of the nano-sound is confirmed to be the function of energy storage balance and sound beam.

2. Energy storage and weighing: when the piano plate vibrates, the nano-sound absorbs and stores the vibration energy of the piano plate due to the damping effect and reduces the amplitude of the piano plate; when the vibration of the piano plate is attenuated, the stored energy released by the nano-sound is continuously vibrated for a long time. Therefore, in the energy storage and balance control function, the mass size and the reasonable distribution of the nano-sound are concerned when tuning the organ.

Along with the increase of the quality of the sonar sound, the projection area of the sonar sound is increased on the panel, the constraint of the sonar sound on the panel vibration is increased, and particularly the resonance of the three, four and five strings of local pressing sound is influenced.

3. Sound beam: the vibration energy of the vibration center of the piano plate is conducted to the rest of the piano plate. The key factor of whether the sound beam can effectively conduct kinetic energy is the rigidity of the beam, the main index influencing the rigidity is the height of the sound beam, and the width of the sound beam is insensitive to the influence of the rigidity. The reasonable rigidity requirement is that the conduction kinetic energy is reduced and decreased along with the outward diffusion of the vibration, namely that the height of the sound beam is variable.

4. Adopting rear-loading type nano-sound: firstly, the adjustable hacking machine can be installed and removed, and the reversible hacking of addition and subtraction can be also removed according to the mass requirement of the nano-sound energy storage system and the rigidity requirement of a sound beam; secondly, under the projection area that satisfies the requirement of the quality of the sonar sound, can cut the root that the sonar combines with the panel into the narrow and long bar that satisfies the sound beam requirement (namely the root that the sonar bonds with the guqin panel, arrange along the length direction of the sonar, and its width is less than the width of the sonar top), reduce the bonding area of sonar and panel, reduce the restraint of the sonar to the panel, reduce to three, four, five string local according to the influence of sound resonance to minimum.