阅读说明：本技术 一种用于伽马刀手术的3d打印头模及其制造方法和固定方法 (3D printing head die for gamma knife operation and manufacturing method and fixing method thereof ) 是由 马晓楠 姚翠萍 季兴哲 于 2020-04-03 设计创作，主要内容包括：本发明提供一种用于伽马刀手术的3D打印头模及其制造方法和固定方法。3D打印头模,包括打印头模本体和调整垫片；打印头模本体采用3D打印工艺制造,打印头模本体内表面能与患者头部贴合,打印头模本体与患者头颅枕骨相对的部位为底部,使用时,打印头模本体底部置于调整垫片上,打印头模本体和调整垫片一起固定在手术运动床上。3D打印头模的制造方法,首先,获取患者头部的三维数据,根据患者头部的三维数据做出倒模数据,根据倒模数据,通过3D打印工艺打印出内表面能与患者头部贴合的打印头模本体。本发明3D打印头模,依据人体的个体性差异而设计,与相应的患者头部能够紧密结合,因此能稳定的固定患者头部,保证伽马刀定位准确。(The invention provides a 3D printing head die for gamma knife surgery, and a manufacturing method and a fixing method thereof. The 3D printing head die comprises a printing head die body and an adjusting gasket; the printing head die body is manufactured by adopting a 3D printing process, the inner surface of the printing head die body can be attached to the head of a patient, the part of the printing head die body, which is opposite to the skull occiput of the patient, is the bottom, when the printing head die body is used, the bottom of the printing head die body is arranged on the adjusting gasket, and the printing head die body and the adjusting gasket are fixed on the operation exercise bed together. The manufacturing method of the 3D printing head die comprises the steps of firstly, obtaining three-dimensional data of the head of a patient, making reverse die data according to the three-dimensional data of the head of the patient, and printing a printing head die body with the inner surface capable of being attached to the head of the patient through a 3D printing process according to the reverse die data. The 3D printing head die is designed according to individual differences of human bodies and can be tightly combined with the corresponding head of a patient, so that the head of the patient can be stably fixed, and the gamma knife can be accurately positioned.)

1. A3D printing head die for gamma knife operation is characterized by comprising a printing head die body (4-1) and an adjusting shim (4-2);

the printing head die body (4-1) is manufactured by a 3D printing process, the inner surface of the printing head die body (4-1) can be attached to the head of a patient, the part of the printing head die body (4-1) opposite to the occiput of the skull of the patient is the bottom, when the printing head die is used, the bottom of the printing head die body (4-1) is placed on the adjusting gasket (4-2), and the printing head die body (4-1) and the adjusting gasket (4-2) are fixed on the operation moving bed (2) together.

2. The 3D print head die for gamma knife surgery according to claim 1, characterized by further comprising fixing screws (4-3); the bottom of the printing head die body (4-1) is provided with a threaded hole; the corresponding position on the adjusting shim (4-2) is provided with a threaded hole which is arranged in a through hole, and when the adjustable printing head is used, the printing head die body (4-1) and the adjusting shim (4-2) are fixed on the operation moving bed (2) together through the fixing screw (4-3).

3. The 3D printing head die for gamma knife operation as claimed in claim 2, wherein the bottom of the printing head die body (4-1) is provided with a boss, the bottom surface of the boss is a plane, and the threaded hole of the printing head die body (4-1) is arranged on the bottom surface of the boss.

4. The method of manufacturing a 3D print head die for gamma knife surgery of any one of claims 1 to 3, comprising the steps of:

step 1, acquiring three-dimensional data of the head of a patient;

step 2, making reverse model data according to the three-dimensional data of the head of the patient;

and 3, printing a printing head die body (4-1) with the inner surface capable of being attached to the head of the patient through a 3D printing process according to the reverse die data.

5. The method for manufacturing a 3D printing head die for gamma knife surgery as claimed in claim 4, wherein in step 1, three-dimensional data of the head of the patient is acquired by CT or MRI.

6. The method of fixing with the 3D print head die for gamma knife surgery of any one of claims 1 to 3, characterized by comprising the steps of:

1) the bottom of the printing head die body (4-1) is placed on the adjusting gasket (4-2), and the printing head die body (4-1) and the adjusting gasket (4-2) are fixed on the operation moving bed (2) together;

2) the head of a patient is fixed in a printing head mould body (4-1), and the operation moving bed (2) is placed on a gamma knife operating table (1).

Technical Field

The invention relates to a 3D printing head die for gamma knife surgery, a manufacturing method and a fixing method thereof.

Background

The problem of positioning accuracy during gamma knife treatment is always an important problem in medical physics, in order to realize accurate positioning, a patient needs to be fixed firstly, and at present, the fixing method for the head of the patient in gamma knife positioning is mainly divided into two methods, namely rigid fixing and flexible fixing.

The first rigid fixation is to implant 4 head nails for rigid fixation into the head, the head nails are rigidly connected with a metal helmet, and the helmet is rigidly connected with a treatment bed. Its advantage is: the accuracy is high, the repeated positioning is good, and the relative error can be eliminated from the source, so that the error is almost zero. The disadvantages are as follows: can cause physical trauma and psychological stress of patients and even fear, brings great discomfort to the patients in the treatment process (10-30 minutes), and the gap head nail can not be removed after a plurality of treatments. Although there are many disadvantages and uncomfortable experiences, the rigid connection fixed frame cannot be eliminated because some treatments with higher precision cannot have any error, for example, the treatment of the optic nerve crossing part requires that the patient cannot be displaced after being operated, and the patient can cause irreversible serious injury due to head micromotion caused by personal comfort.

The second kind of flexibility is fixed, coats foaming glue headrest AB liquid mixture in foaming headrest, places the foaming headrest on treatment bed link frame, and the patient is rested the head on the foaming headrest, treats that the headrest is stereotyped the back, again with the thermal plastic film heating, laminates in the head to draw the connecting hole to the reference column position on the treatment bed link, treat that the thermal plastic facial mask is stereotyped the back, this flexible fixing utensil takes shape. Its advantage is: is more comfortable relative to a rigid frame, the positioning precision can be controlled to be about 1mm, and the requirements of general treatment can be met. The disadvantages are as follows: the flexible fixer has certain flexibility, and errors of patients caused by movement or torsion of the bodies of the patients (particularly old patients) after entering a treatment bin are not eliminated by means at present.

By understanding the radiation therapy departments of a plurality of hospitals by visiting, a new fixing means is urgently needed to make up the requirements which cannot be met by the current fixing method:

1) the positioning device is stably fixed to ensure accurate positioning; 2) no harm to the body of the patient; 3) and the data is digitalized, so that later correction is facilitated.

Disclosure of Invention

Aiming at the problems in the prior art, the invention provides a 3D printing head die for gamma knife operation, a manufacturing method and a fixing method thereof, and simultaneously meets the requirements of no wound, stable fixation, high positioning precision and digitization realization.

The invention is realized by the following technical scheme:

A3D printing head die for gamma knife operation comprises a printing head die body and an adjusting shim;

the printing head die body is manufactured by adopting a 3D printing process, the inner surface of the printing head die body can be attached to the head of a patient, the part of the printing head die body, which is opposite to the skull occiput of the patient, is the bottom, when the printing head die body is used, the bottom of the printing head die body is arranged on the adjusting gasket, and the printing head die body and the adjusting gasket are fixed on the operation exercise bed together.

Preferably, the device further comprises a fixing screw; the bottom of the printing head die body is provided with a threaded hole; the corresponding position on the adjusting shim is provided with a threaded hole which is arranged in a through hole, and when the adjustable printing head is used, the printing head die body and the adjusting shim are fixed on the operation exercise bed together through the fixing screws.

Furthermore, the bottom of the printing head die body is provided with a boss, the bottom surface of the boss is a plane, and a threaded hole of the printing head die body is formed in the bottom surface of the boss.

The manufacturing method of the 3D printing head die for the gamma knife operation comprises the following steps:

step 1, acquiring three-dimensional data of the head of a patient;

step 2, making reverse model data according to the three-dimensional data of the head of the patient;

and 3, printing the printing head die body with the inner surface capable of being attached to the head of the patient through a 3D printing process according to the die-reversing data.

Preferably, in step 1, three-dimensional data of the patient's head is acquired by CT or MRI.

The method for fixing the 3D printing head die for the gamma knife operation comprises the following steps:

1) placing the bottom of the printing head die body on the adjusting shim, and fixing the printing head die body and the adjusting shim on the operation exercise bed together;

2) the head of the patient is fixed in the printing head mould body, and the operation exercise bed is placed on the gamma knife operating table.

Compared with the prior art, the invention has the following beneficial technical effects:

according to the 3D printing head die, the printing head die bodies are designed according to individual differences of human bodies, and each printing head die body can be tightly combined with the corresponding head of a patient, so that the head of the patient can be stably fixed, the head of the patient is stably fixed, the gamma knife can be accurately positioned, and the aim of accurate positioning is fulfilled. Secondly, because this beat printer head mould body and print the manufacturing through 3D, carry out the datamation promptly, can carry out the data modification to corresponding position (like ear, subcutaneous adipose tissue etc.) according to patient's travelling comfort demand, reach convenient comfortable purpose, can thicken the purpose in order to reach fixed strength to data simultaneously. Therefore, the 3D printing head die meets the requirements of no wound, high positioning precision and digitization realization.

The 3D printing head die manufacturing method can print and manufacture the printing head die body which can be tightly combined with the head of a corresponding patient according to individual difference, ensures stable fixation and meets the requirement of accurate positioning, and meanwhile, the printing head die body is manufactured in a data mode, so that data modification can be carried out on the corresponding part (such as ears, subcutaneous adipose tissues and the like) according to the comfort requirement of the patient, and the purpose of convenience and comfort is achieved.

The 3D printing head die is fixed, so that the aim of stably fixing to ensure the positioning precision can be fulfilled, and a patient is prevented from being injured.

Drawings

FIG. 1 is a schematic view of the fixing method of the present invention.

Fig. 2 is a schematic structural diagram of a 3D printhead according to the present invention.

In the figure: the gamma knife operating table comprises a gamma knife operating table 1, an operating exercise bed 2, a patient 3, a printing head die body 4-1, an adjusting gasket 4-2 and a fixing screw 4-3.

Detailed Description

The present invention will now be described in further detail with reference to specific examples, which are intended to be illustrative, but not limiting, of the invention.

As shown in FIG. 2, the 3D printing head die for gamma knife operation comprises a printing head die body 4-1 and an adjusting shim 4-2.

When the printing head model is used, the bottom of the printing head model body 4-1 is arranged on the adjusting gasket 4-2, and the printing head model body 4-1 and the adjusting gasket 4-2 are fixed on the operation moving bed 2 together. The spacer 4-2 is provided with a series of shims of different thicknesses so that the spacers of different thicknesses are selected as required to bring the patient's head to the appropriate height.

In one embodiment, a set screw 4-3 is also included. The bottom of the printing head die body 4-1 is provided with a threaded hole; the corresponding position on the adjusting shim 4-2 is provided with a threaded hole which is arranged in a through hole, and when in use, the printing head die body 4-1 and the adjusting shim 4-2 are fixed on the operation moving bed 2 together through the fixing screw 4-3.

In one embodiment, the occiput portion of the print head die body 4-1 is provided with a boss, the bottom surface of the boss is a plane, and the threaded hole of the print head die body 4-1 is arranged on the bottom surface of the boss.

The manufacturing method of the 3D printing head die for the gamma knife operation comprises the following steps:

1) acquiring three-dimensional data of the head of a patient through CT or MRI;

2) making reverse mould data according to the three-dimensional data of the head of the patient, and designing a thread hole position;

3) and printing the printing head die body 4-1 with the inner surface attached to the head of the patient through a 3D printing process according to the die-reversing data.

As shown in fig. 1 and 2, the method for positioning by using the 3D printhead die according to the present invention includes the following steps:

1) the printing head die body 4-1 and the adjusting shim 4-2 are connected and fixed with the operation moving bed 2 through a fixing screw 4-3;

2) the patient 3 lies on the operation exercise bed 2, the head of the patient is fixed in the printing head mould body 4-1, and the operation exercise bed 2 is placed on the gamma knife operating table 1.