阅读说明：本技术 一种抗还原反应、抗热震的有色金属冶炼烟化炉或侧吹炉用铬刚玉砖的生产方法 (Method for producing chrome corundum brick for non-ferrous metal smelting fuming furnace or side-blown furnace with reduction reaction resistance and thermal shock resistance ) 是由 曹杨 高红军 宋建义 赵鹏达 林万兴 何凯 陈位移 田刚 于 2020-03-23 设计创作，主要内容包括：一种抗还原反应、抗热震的有色金属冶炼烟化炉或侧吹炉用铬刚玉砖的生产方法,将破碎后的铬渣、烧结刚玉和铬精矿混合均匀,加入到三相电弧炉中冶炼,进行冶炼得到铬刚玉料,铬刚玉料经破碎、粉磨、筛分分级得到粒度分别为5-3mm、3-1mm和1-0mm的颗粒料以及180目和325目的粉料,并加入3-1mm的电熔锆莫来石,得到混合预混料,加入结合剂磷酸,搅拌均匀,放置≥48h；加入结合剂磷酸二氢铝,进行混练,压制成型,经高温烧成,得到铬刚玉砖。优点是：原料成本低廉,性价比高,生产的铬刚玉砖不仅具有抗冲刷、抗侵蚀、抗高温性,同时还具有抗还原反应、抗热震性,可用于炼铅、锌、锡等有色金属窑炉渣线部位、底部及反应带。(A method for producing chrome corundum bricks for a non-ferrous metal smelting fuming furnace or a side blowing furnace with reduction reaction resistance and thermal shock resistance comprises the steps of uniformly mixing crushed chromium slag, sintered corundum and chromium concentrate, adding the mixture into a three-phase electric arc furnace for smelting to obtain a chrome corundum material, crushing, grinding and screening the chrome corundum material to obtain a granular material with the granularity of 5-3mm, 3-1mm and 1-0mm and powder with the granularity of 180 meshes and 325 meshes respectively, adding 3-1mm of fused zirconia mullite to obtain a mixed premix, adding binding agent phosphoric acid, uniformly stirring, and standing for more than or equal to 48 hours; adding aluminum dihydrogen phosphate as a binding agent, mixing, pressing, molding and sintering at high temperature to obtain the chromium corundum brick. The advantages are that: the produced chromium corundum brick not only has the performances of scouring resistance, erosion resistance and high temperature resistance, but also has the performances of reduction reaction resistance and thermal shock resistance, and can be used for slag line parts, bottoms and reaction zones of nonferrous metal kilns for smelting lead, zinc, tin and the like.)

1. A method for producing a chromium corundum brick for a non-ferrous metal smelting fuming furnace or a side-blown furnace with reduction reaction resistance and thermal shock resistance is characterized by comprising the following steps: the method comprises the following specific steps:

a. raw material weighing

Weighing the following raw materials in parts by weight:

b. processing of raw materials

Crushing the chromium slag until the granularity is less than or equal to 5 mm; crushing the plate-shaped corundum or the sintered corundum to the granularity of less than or equal to 5 mm; crushing the chromium concentrate to 40-200 meshes of granularity; crushing the fused zirconia mullite to the granularity of 3-1 mm;

c. high temperature smelting

Uniformly mixing the crushed tabular corundum or sintered corundum, chromium slag and chromium concentrate to obtain a mixture; firstly, a carbonaceous arc striking agent is put at the bottom of a furnace and is arranged opposite to a graphite electrode, the graphite electrode is descended to be contacted with the arc striking agent, after the arc striking is carried out for electricity, the mixture is added into a three-phase electric arc furnace for smelting, the temperature is controlled between 2100 ℃ and 2300 ℃, the smelting time is controlled between 8 hours and 12 hours, after the smelting is finished, metal chromium contained in chromium slag is settled to the bottom of a furnace cylinder to form chromium carbide, intermediate valence state chromium oxide in the chromium slag is converted into trivalent chromium, sodium oxide low-melting-point impurities in the chromium slag are volatilized, iron oxide in chromium concentrate is settled to the bottom of the furnace cylinder to enter the chromium carbide, and Al in the chromium slag, sintered corundum and chromium concentrate is precipitated to the bottom of the₂O₃、Cr₂O₃Smelting the mixture at high temperature into a chrome corundum phase on the upper part of a hearth, cooling and solidifying the chrome corundum phase, smashing and selecting the chrome corundum material on the upper part of the hearth, and removing slag crust to obtain the chrome corundum material;

d. processing of chrome corundum material

C, crushing, grinding, screening and grading the chromium corundum material obtained in the step c to obtain granular materials with the granularity of 5-3mm, 3-1mm and 1-0mm and powder materials with the granularity of 180 meshes and 325 meshes;

e. ageing mixture

Taking 80-95 parts by weight of chromium corundum materials which are classified into 5-3mm, 3-1mm, 1-0mm, 180 meshes and 325 meshes by screening, adding 5-20 parts of 3-1mm fused zirconia mullite to obtain a mixed premix, finally adding 3-4% of binder phosphoric acid based on the total mass of the mixed premix, uniformly stirring, and standing for more than or equal to 48 hours;

f. secondary mixing

Adding a bonding agent aluminum dihydrogen phosphate accounting for 1-2% of the total mass of the mixed premix for mixing;

g. shaping and brick-making

And (3) performing compression molding on the mixed premix, sintering at the high temperature of 1500-1650 ℃, and keeping the temperature for 22-30 h to obtain the chromium corundum brick.

2. The method for producing the chromium corundum brick for the non-ferrous metal smelting fuming furnace or the side-blown furnace with the reduction reaction resistance and the thermal shock resistance as claimed in claim 1, is characterized in that: cr of the chromium corundum brick₂O₃10 to 23 percent of Al₂O₃57-80 percent of ZrO₂1.5-6% of SiO₂1.0 to 3.5 percent of mass content, 12 to 15 percent of apparent porosity and 3.35g/cm of volume density³～3.45g/cm³。

3. The method for producing the chromium corundum brick for the non-ferrous metal smelting fuming furnace or the side-blown furnace with the reduction reaction resistance and the thermal shock resistance as claimed in claim 1, is characterized in that: al in the chromium slag₂O₃78-86 percent of Cr₂O₃5 to 13 percent of Al₂O₃And Cr₂O₃The mass percentage content of the total amount is more than or equal to 92 percent.

4. The method for producing the chromium corundum brick for the non-ferrous metal smelting fuming furnace or the side-blown furnace with the reduction reaction resistance and the thermal shock resistance as claimed in claim 1, is characterized in that: al in the plate-shaped corundum₂O₃The mass percentage content is more than or equal to 99.0 percent; al in the sintered corundum₂O₃The mass percentage content is more than or equal to 99.0 percent.

5. The method for producing the chromium corundum brick for the non-ferrous metal smelting fuming furnace or the side-blown furnace with the reduction reaction resistance and the thermal shock resistance as claimed in claim 1, is characterized in that: al in the chromium concentrate₂O₃15 to 26 percent of Cr₂O₃The mass percentage content is 43-56%.

6. The method for producing the chromium corundum brick for the non-ferrous metal smelting fuming furnace or the side-blown furnace with the reduction reaction resistance and the thermal shock resistance as claimed in claim 1, is characterized in that: al in the fused zirconia-mullite₂O₃43-48 percent of SiO by mass percentage₂16-20 percent of ZrO in percentage by mass₂The mass percentage content is more than or equal to 30.0 percent.

7. The method for producing the chromium corundum brick for the non-ferrous metal smelting fuming furnace or the side-blown furnace with the reduction reaction resistance and the thermal shock resistance as claimed in claim 1, is characterized in that: when the mixed premix obtained in the step e is mixed, 28 to 32 parts of the material with the granularity of 5mm to 3mm, 28 to 31 parts of the material with the granularity of 3mm to 1mm, 9 to 11 parts of the material with the granularity of 1mm to 0mm, 20 to 27 parts of the powder with the granularity of 180 meshes and 3 to 10 parts of the powder with the granularity of 325 meshes are calculated according to parts by weight.

8. The method for producing the chromium corundum brick for the non-ferrous metal smelting fuming furnace or the side-blown furnace with the reduction reaction resistance and the thermal shock resistance as claimed in claim 1, is characterized in that: when in compression molding, the compression pressure is 630-1000 Mpa.

9. The method for producing the chromium corundum brick for the non-ferrous metal smelting fuming furnace or the side-blown furnace with the reduction reaction resistance and the thermal shock resistance as claimed in claim 1, is characterized in that: the mass concentration of the phosphoric acid is 65-70%.

Technical Field

The invention belongs to the field of refractory materials, and particularly relates to a production method of a chromium corundum brick, in particular to a production method of a chromium corundum brick for a non-ferrous metal smelting fuming furnace or a side-blown furnace with reduction reaction resistance and thermal shock resistance.

Background

The refractory material for the non-ferrous metal kiln has a severe working environment, and particularly, the refractory material has higher requirements on the refractory material in the kilns in some fields, such as fuming furnaces and side-blown furnaces for smelting lead, zinc and tin, and has the requirements of high normal-temperature compressive strength, high scouring resistance, high reduction resistance, high thermal shock resistance and high cost performance. These are unprepared as the original refractory, a magnesia-chromite refractory. The existing common chromium slag refractory materials have the problems of poor reduction resistance and poor thermal shock stability, and can not meet the use requirements of the kilns.

The chrome corundum is produced by electric melting of industrial alumina and chrome oxide green, or by-product aluminum chrome slag of metal chrome produced by aluminothermic process, and the aluminum oxide is changed into a solid solution formed by high-temperature solution and partial unreduced chrome oxide through high-temperature treatment, namely the chrome corundum, the chrome slag mainly comprises α -Al mineral composition₂O₃And Cr₂O₃The solid solution of (2), wherein Al₂O₃+Cr₂O₃The mass percentage content is generally more than or equal to 90 percent, and the refractory material has excellent erosion resistance.

Disclosure of Invention

The invention aims to solve the technical problem of providing a method for producing a chromium corundum brick for a non-ferrous metal smelting fuming furnace or a side-blown furnace, which has the characteristics of scouring resistance, erosion resistance and high temperature resistance, and also has the characteristics of reduction reaction resistance and thermal shock resistance, and can be used for slag line parts, bottoms and reaction zones of non-ferrous metal furnaces for smelting lead, zinc, tin and the like.

The technical solution of the invention is as follows:

a method for producing a chromium corundum brick for a non-ferrous metal smelting fuming furnace or a side-blown furnace with reduction reaction resistance and thermal shock resistance comprises the following specific steps:

a. raw material weighing

Weighing the following raw materials in parts by weight:

b. processing of raw materials

Crushing the chromium slag until the granularity is less than or equal to 5 mm; crushing the plate-shaped corundum or the sintered corundum to the granularity of less than or equal to 5 mm; crushing the chromium concentrate to 40-200 meshes of granularity; crushing the fused zirconia mullite to the granularity of 3-1 mm;

c. high temperature smelting

Uniformly mixing the crushed chromium slag, the sintered corundum and the chromium concentrate to obtain a mixture; firstly, placing a carbonaceous arc striking agent at the bottom of a furnace, placing the carbonaceous arc striking agent opposite to a graphite electrode, lowering the graphite electrode to enable the graphite electrode to contact the arc striking agent, starting arc for electricity, adding the mixture into a three-phase electric arc furnace for smelting, controlling the temperature at 2100-2300 ℃, controlling the smelting time to 8-12 hours, after the smelting is finished, depositing metal chromium contained in chromium slag to the bottom of a furnace cylinder to form chromium carbide, converting intermediate valence state chromium oxide in the chromium slag into trivalent chromium, volatilizing sodium oxide low-melting-point impurities in the chromium slag, depositing iron oxide in chromium concentrate to the bottom of the furnace cylinder to enter the chromium carbide, and depositing Al in the chromium slag, sintered corundum and chromium concentrate to obtain the chromium-enriched product₂O₃、Cr₂O₃Smelting the mixture at high temperature into a chrome corundum phase on the upper part of a hearth, cooling and solidifying the chrome corundum phase, smashing and selecting the chrome corundum material on the upper part of the hearth, and removing slag crust to obtain the chrome corundum material;

d. processing of chrome corundum material

C, crushing, grinding, screening and grading the chromium corundum material obtained in the step c to obtain granular materials with the granularity of 5-3mm, 3-1mm and 1-0mm and powder materials with the granularity of 180 meshes and 325 meshes;

e. ageing mixture

Taking 80-95 parts by weight of chromium corundum materials which are classified into 5-3mm, 3-1mm, 1-0mm, 180 meshes and 325 meshes by screening, adding 5-20 parts of 3-1mm fused zirconia mullite to obtain a mixed premix, finally adding 3-4% of binder phosphoric acid based on the total mass of the mixed premix, uniformly stirring, and standing for more than or equal to 48 hours;

f. secondary mixing

Adding a bonding agent aluminum dihydrogen phosphate accounting for 1.5-2% of the total mass of the mixed premix for mixing;

g. shaping and brick-making

And (3) performing compression molding on the mixed premix, sintering at the high temperature of 1500-1650 ℃, and keeping the temperature for 22-30 h to obtain the chromium corundum brick.

Further, Cr of the chromium corundum brick₂O₃10 to 23 percent of Al₂O₃57-80 percent of ZrO₂1.5-6% of SiO₂1.0 to 3.5 percent of mass content, 12 to 15 percent of apparent porosity and 3.35g/cm of volume density³～3.45g/cm³。

Further, Al in the chromium slag₂O₃78-86 percent of Cr₂O₃5 to 13 percent of Al₂O₃And Cr₂O₃The mass percentage content of the total amount is more than or equal to 92 percent.

Further, Al in the plate-shaped corundum₂O₃The mass percentage content is more than or equal to 99.0 percent; al in the sintered corundum₂O₃The mass percentage content is more than or equal to 99.0 percent.

Further, Al in the chromium concentrate₂O₃15 to 26 percent of Cr₂O₃The mass percentage content is 43-56%.

Further, Al in the fused zirconia mullite₂O₃43-48 percent of SiO by mass percentage₂16-20 percent of ZrO in percentage by mass₂The mass percentage content is more than or equal to 30.0 percent.

Further, when the mixed premix in the step e is mixed, 28 to 32 parts of the material with the granularity of 5mm to 3mm, 28 to 31 parts of the material with the granularity of 3mm to 1mm, 9 to 11 parts of the material with the granularity of 1mm to 0mm, 20 to 27 parts of the powder with the granularity of 180 meshes and 3 to 10 parts of the powder with the granularity of 325 meshes are calculated according to parts by weight.

Furthermore, the pressing pressure is 630-1000 Mpa during the pressing and forming.

Further, the mass concentration of the phosphoric acid is 65-70%.

The invention has the beneficial effects that:

1. the chromium slag, the tabular corundum (sintered corundum), the chromium concentrate and the fused zirconia mullite are used as main raw materials, the raw materials are pretreated, the chromium slag, the tabular corundum and the chromium concentrate are prepared into a chromium corundum material by adopting a fused synthesis method, an aluminum-chromium continuous solid solution is formed in the high-temperature smelting process, the densification of a product is promoted, the erosion resistance of molten slag is improved, harmful impurity elements are removed, alkaline oxides are volatilized under the high-temperature smelting condition, and residual metal chromium in the chromium slag and iron oxide in the chromium concentrate can settle at the bottom of a furnace cylinder to form chromium carbide due to large specific gravity, so that the chromium corundum material is purified and densified, and the chromium slag is smelted by using solid waste residues, so that the cost is low and the cost performance is high;

2. meanwhile, the fused zirconia mullite is introduced, so that the thermal shock stability and the anti-stripping performance of the product can be effectively improved, and the product has good reduction resistance effect due to low content of iron oxide after high-temperature smelting; the thermal shock stability (air cooling) of the prepared chromium corundum brick is more than or equal to 50 times, can meet the use requirement of special parts of a nonferrous metallurgy furnace, and can be used for smelting slag line parts, bottoms and reaction zones of nonferrous metal furnaces such as lead, zinc, tin and the like. The chemical components and physical and chemical indexes of the prepared chromium corundum brick are shown in table 1:

TABLE 1 chemical composition and physicochemical index table of the chromium corundum brick of the present invention

Detailed Description