阅读说明：本技术 一种高强度阻燃型橡塑材料的制备方法 (Preparation method of high-strength flame-retardant rubber and plastic material ) 是由 谢志平 于 2020-04-17 设计创作，主要内容包括：本发明属于橡塑材料制备技术领域,具体涉及一种高强度阻燃型橡塑材料的制备方法。首先将棉花与盐酸混合,后将反应溶液与聚丙烯、橡胶以及其它物料混合,密炼再用双螺杆挤出机挤出、干燥即得高强度阻燃型橡塑材料,本发明将棉花经过酸液浸泡和碱液反应,使其中的纤维成分断裂,在纤维成分中增加羧基、羟基以及其它有机官能团数量,提高纤维对橡塑材料中各成分之间的粘结程度,提高力学强度和柔韧性,利用络合作用吸附铝离子成分,增强橡塑材料的柔韧性和力学强度；将二氧化硅和铝离子引入棉花纤维中,利用纤维成分分散于橡塑材料中,结合二氧化硅分子刚性和热稳定性,包覆橡塑材料中各成分后提高了力学性能和阻燃性能,具有广阔的应用前景。(The invention belongs to the technical field of rubber and plastic material preparation, and particularly relates to a preparation method of a high-strength flame-retardant rubber and plastic material. Firstly, mixing cotton and hydrochloric acid, then mixing a reaction solution with polypropylene, rubber and other materials, banburying, extruding by using a double-screw extruder, and drying to obtain the high-strength flame-retardant rubber-plastic material; the silicon dioxide and aluminum ions are introduced into the cotton fiber, fiber components are dispersed in the rubber plastic material, and the mechanical property and the flame retardant property are improved after the components in the rubber plastic material are coated by combining the rigidity and the thermal stability of silicon dioxide molecules, so that the cotton fiber has a wide application prospect.)

1. A preparation method of a high-strength flame-retardant rubber-plastic material is characterized by comprising the following specific preparation steps:

putting the reaction solution, polypropylene, ethylene propylene diene monomer, dicumyl peroxide, talcum powder and oleamide into a stirring kettle, uniformly mixing, putting into an internal mixer for internal mixing, putting into a double-screw extruder for extrusion and drying after internal mixing to obtain a high-strength flame-retardant rubber-plastic material;

the reaction solution is prepared by the following specific steps:

(1) putting an organic fiber product and 8-12% by mass of sodium hydroxide solution into a reaction kettle, sealing the reaction kettle, filling nitrogen into the reaction kettle, raising the pressure in the kettle to 1.2-1.4 MPa, raising the temperature in the reaction kettle to 140-150 ℃, and carrying out constant-temperature and constant-pressure reaction for 40-60 min to obtain a thermal reactant;

(2) adding silicon dioxide powder into a reaction kettle, continuously sealing the reaction kettle, raising the temperature in the reaction kettle to 130-150 ℃, stirring for 30-40 min at a constant temperature by using a stirrer at a rotating speed of 500-600 r/min to obtain a reaction product, and putting the reaction product and an acetic acid solution with the mass fraction of 10-15% into a beaker to be uniformly mixed to obtain a prefabricated mixed solution;

(3) adding aluminum chloride powder into a beaker, putting the beaker into an ultrasonic oscillator, oscillating for 2-3 h under the condition that the frequency is 40-42 kHz, dropwise adding a sulfuric acid solution with the mass fraction of 70-90% into the beaker to adjust the pH value to 2-3, stirring for 60-80 min at the rotating speed of 500-600 r/min by using a stirrer, and dropwise adding a sodium hydroxide solution with the mass fraction of 8-10% into the beaker to adjust the pH value to 5-6 to prepare a reaction solution;

the specific preparation steps of the organic fiber product are as follows:

(1) putting cotton and hydrochloric acid with the mass fraction of 6-10% into a three-neck flask, sealing the three-neck flask, placing the three-neck flask into a resistance heating sleeve, raising the temperature in the heating sleeve to 100-110 ℃, stirring for 40-50 min at the constant temperature by using a stirrer at the rotating speed of 100-120 r/min, filtering after stirring to obtain filter residue, and cleaning the filter residue for 3-5 times by using distilled water to obtain a reaction material;

(2) putting the reaction materials and xylene into a reaction kettle, raising the temperature in the reaction kettle to 50-60 ℃, stirring for 50-60 min by using a stirring device at the rotating speed of 300-400 r/min, filtering after stirring to obtain a filter cake, sequentially washing the filter cake for 3-5 times by using absolute ethyl alcohol and distilled water, putting the filter cake into an oven, and drying for 2-3 h at the temperature of 90-100 ℃ to obtain an organic fiber product.

2. The preparation method of the high-strength flame-retardant rubber-plastic material according to claim 1, wherein the preparation method comprises the following steps: preferably, the reaction solution comprises, by weight, 12-14 parts of polypropylene, 50-55 parts of ethylene propylene diene monomer, 45-50 parts of ethylene propylene diene monomer, 1-2 parts of dicumyl peroxide, 1.2-1.6 parts of talcum powder and 2-4 parts of oleamide.

3. The preparation method of the high-strength flame-retardant rubber-plastic material according to claim 1, wherein the preparation method comprises the following steps: the mass ratio of the organic fiber product in the specific preparation step (1) of the reaction solution to the sodium hydroxide solution with the mass fraction of 8-12% is 1: 10.

4. the preparation method of the high-strength flame-retardant rubber-plastic material according to claim 1, wherein the preparation method comprises the following steps: the mass of the silicon dioxide powder added into the reaction kettle in the specific preparation step (2) of the reaction solution is 2-4% of the mass of the hot reaction substance.

5. The preparation method of the high-strength flame-retardant rubber-plastic material according to claim 1, wherein the preparation method comprises the following steps: the mass ratio of the reaction product in the specific preparation step (2) of the reaction solution to the acetic acid solution with the mass fraction of 10-15% is 1: 10.

6. the preparation method of the high-strength flame-retardant rubber-plastic material according to claim 1, wherein the preparation method comprises the following steps: the mass of the aluminum chloride powder added into the beaker in the specific preparation step (3) of the reaction solution is 1.5-2.0% of the mass of the pre-prepared mixed solution.

7. The preparation method of the high-strength flame-retardant rubber-plastic material according to claim 1, wherein the preparation method comprises the following steps: the mass ratio of the cotton to the hydrochloric acid with the mass fraction of 6-10% in the specific preparation step (1) of the organic fiber product is 1: 10.

8. the preparation method of the high-strength flame-retardant rubber-plastic material according to claim 1, wherein the preparation method comprises the following steps: the mass ratio of the reaction material to the xylene in the specific preparation step (2) of the organic fiber product is 1: 10.

Technical Field

The invention belongs to the technical field of rubber and plastic material preparation, and particularly relates to a preparation method of a high-strength flame-retardant rubber and plastic material.

Background

Rubber and plastic are general names of rubber and plastic industries, are accessory products of petroleum, are identical in source, but have different physical properties and different applications in the process of manufacturing products, rubber is widely used as a tire, and plastic is widely used along with technical and market requirements and applications, and cannot be separated in daily life. The rubber plastic material belongs to a flammable product due to the uniqueness of the chemical structure, and generates molten drops in the combustion process.

Briefly, plastic is the most essential difference from rubber in that plastic deforms plastically when it deforms, while rubber deforms elastically. In other words, plastic does not easily recover its original state after deformation, whereas rubber is relatively much easier. The elasticity of plastics is very small, typically less than 100%, while rubber can reach 1000% or more. Most of the molding processes of the plastic are finished, and the product process is finished; and the vulcanization process is required after the rubber molding process is finished.

The plastic and the rubber both belong to high polymer materials, mainly comprise two atoms of carbon and hydrogen, and have special performance and special application. At normal temperature, the plastic is solid and hard and cannot be stretched and deformed. The rubber has low hardness, elasticity and can be stretched and lengthened, and the rubber can recover to the original shape after being stretched. This is due to the difference in their molecular structures. The other difference is that the plastic can be recycled for a plurality of times, while the rubber can not be directly recycled, and can only be processed into reclaimed rubber which can then be used. The morphology of the plastic at 100 to 200 degrees is similar to the morphology of the rubber at 60 to 100 degrees, the plastic not including the rubber.

The shape memory material has the common property of plastic and rubber, has the properties of plastic in a normal temperature range, namely hardness and shape stability recovery, and has the characteristic of rubber at a certain temperature, and the mechanical property of general high polymer materials can be obviously changed near the glass transition temperature. Most of the earphone products such as wires are made of plastic materials, and the plastic materials have insufficient folding resistance and elasticity, are not aging-resistant, can be hardened after long-term use, are not easy to recover the shape, and have insufficient elasticity and flexibility. With the increasing improvement of the living standard of people, higher requirements are put forward on daily living goods, more and more people love physical exercise at present, various sports shoes exist in the market, but the softness and the elasticity of soles are insufficient, so that the shoes have a further improvement space, and the rubber plastic materials are easy to harden and even crack under a low-temperature environment. The main function of the automobile gear dust cover is to prevent dust, moisture and the like from entering the gear adjusting machine system and generating corrosion on the stop lever. The thermoplastic vulcanized rubber has good elasticity and compression deformation resistance, the environmental resistance and the aging resistance are equivalent to those of ethylene propylene rubber, and the oil resistance and the solvent resistance of the thermoplastic vulcanized rubber are comparable to those of general chloroprene rubber. The thermoplastic vulcanized rubber body can be used at the temperature of-60-135 ℃, does not need to be vulcanized when in use, can be directly processed and molded by blow molding and the like, and can shorten the processing process flow and reduce the processing cost. The mainstream gear dust cover products in the current market all use thermoplastic vulcanized rubber materials. The existing dust cover in the market has relatively poor strength, flame retardance and flexibility, and can not meet the performance requirements of the automobile steering dust cover.

At present, rubber and plastic materials exist: general flexibility, poor mechanical property, poor flame retardant property and the like.

Therefore, the invention of the excellent rubber-plastic material has positive significance in the technical field of rubber-plastic material preparation.

Disclosure of Invention

The technical problems to be solved by the invention are as follows: aiming at the defects of poor flexibility, poor mechanical property and poor flame retardant property of the existing rubber and plastic material, the preparation method of the high-strength flame retardant rubber and plastic material is provided.

In order to solve the technical problems, the invention adopts the technical scheme that:

a preparation method of a high-strength flame-retardant rubber-plastic material is characterized by comprising the following specific preparation steps:

putting the reaction solution, polypropylene, ethylene propylene diene monomer, dicumyl peroxide, talcum powder and oleamide into a stirring kettle, uniformly mixing, putting into an internal mixer for internal mixing, putting into a double-screw extruder for extrusion and drying after internal mixing to obtain a high-strength flame-retardant rubber-plastic material;

the reaction solution is prepared by the following specific steps:

(1) putting an organic fiber product and 8-12% by mass of sodium hydroxide solution into a reaction kettle, sealing the reaction kettle, filling nitrogen into the reaction kettle, raising the pressure in the kettle to 1.2-1.4 MPa, raising the temperature in the reaction kettle to 140-150 ℃, and carrying out constant-temperature and constant-pressure reaction for 40-60 min to obtain a thermal reactant;

(2) adding silicon dioxide powder into a reaction kettle, continuously sealing the reaction kettle, raising the temperature in the reaction kettle to 130-150 ℃, stirring for 30-40 min at a constant temperature by using a stirrer at a rotating speed of 500-600 r/min to obtain a reaction product, and putting the reaction product and an acetic acid solution with the mass fraction of 10-15% into a beaker to be uniformly mixed to obtain a prefabricated mixed solution;

(3) adding aluminum chloride powder into a beaker, putting the beaker into an ultrasonic oscillator, oscillating for 2-3 h under the condition that the frequency is 40-42 kHz, dropwise adding a sulfuric acid solution with the mass fraction of 70-90% into the beaker to adjust the pH value to 2-3, stirring for 60-80 min at the rotating speed of 500-600 r/min by using a stirrer, and dropwise adding a sodium hydroxide solution with the mass fraction of 8-10% into the beaker to adjust the pH value to 5-6 to prepare a reaction solution;

the specific preparation steps of the organic fiber product are as follows:

(1) putting cotton and hydrochloric acid with the mass fraction of 6-10% into a three-neck flask, sealing the three-neck flask, placing the three-neck flask into a resistance heating sleeve, raising the temperature in the heating sleeve to 100-110 ℃, stirring for 40-50 min at the constant temperature by using a stirrer at the rotating speed of 100-120 r/min, filtering after stirring to obtain filter residue, and cleaning the filter residue for 3-5 times by using distilled water to obtain a reaction material;

(2) putting the reaction materials and xylene into a reaction kettle, raising the temperature in the reaction kettle to 50-60 ℃, stirring for 50-60 min by using a stirring device at the rotating speed of 300-400 r/min, filtering after stirring to obtain a filter cake, sequentially washing the filter cake for 3-5 times by using absolute ethyl alcohol and distilled water, putting the filter cake into an oven, and drying for 2-3 h at the temperature of 90-100 ℃ to obtain an organic fiber product.

Preferably, the reaction solution comprises, by weight, 12-14 parts of polypropylene, 50-55 parts of ethylene propylene diene monomer, 45-50 parts of ethylene propylene diene monomer, 1-2 parts of dicumyl peroxide, 1.2-1.6 parts of talcum powder and 2-4 parts of oleamide.

The mass ratio of the organic fiber product in the specific preparation step (1) of the reaction solution to the sodium hydroxide solution with the mass fraction of 8-12% is 1: 10.

the mass of the silicon dioxide powder added into the reaction kettle in the specific preparation step (2) of the reaction solution is 2-4% of the mass of the hot reaction substance.

The mass ratio of the reaction product in the specific preparation step (2) of the reaction solution to the acetic acid solution with the mass fraction of 10-15% is 1: 10.

the mass of the aluminum chloride powder added into the beaker in the specific preparation step (3) of the reaction solution is 1.5-2.0% of the mass of the pre-prepared mixed solution.

The mass ratio of the cotton to the hydrochloric acid with the mass fraction of 6-10% in the specific preparation step (1) of the organic fiber product is 1: 10.

the mass ratio of the reaction material to the xylene in the specific preparation step (2) of the organic fiber product is 1: 10.

the beneficial technical effects of the invention are as follows:

(1) firstly, mixing cotton with hydrochloric acid, heating at high temperature to obtain a reaction material, then mixing the reaction material with xylene, filtering after mixing to obtain a filter cake, drying the filter cake, mixing with an alkali liquor, carrying out high-temperature high-pressure reaction to obtain a hot reactant, then adding silicon dioxide powder into the hot reactant, carrying out heating reaction, dropwise adding an acetic acid solution after reaction to obtain a prefabricated mixed solution, then adding aluminum chloride into the prefabricated mixed solution, oscillating and mixing, then regulating the pH value with a low-valent alkali liquor to obtain a reaction solution, then mixing the reaction solution with polypropylene, rubber and other materials, banburying, extruding by using a double-screw extruder, and drying to obtain a high-strength flame-retardant rubber-plastic material The quantity of hydroxyl and other organic functional groups is increased, so that the bonding degree of the fiber to each component in the rubber and plastic material is improved, the fiber is dispersed in the rubber and plastic material, the bonding performance and the internal structural strength of the rubber and plastic material are favorably improved, the mechanical strength and the flexibility of the rubber and plastic material are improved, meanwhile, the aluminum ion component is added into the fiber material, and the aluminum ion component is adsorbed by utilizing the complexation effect, so that the mechanical strength and the mechanical strength of the fiber material are further improved, the structural strength of the rubber and plastic material is improved, and the flexibility and the mechanical strength of the rubber and plastic material are enhanced;

(2) according to the invention, silicon dioxide and aluminum ions are introduced into cotton fibers, a silicon dioxide solution is treated by alkali liquor to generate a silicate component, the silicate component is dissociated in the fiber component, a pH value is adjusted to generate a silicic acid component, the silicic acid is decomposed after high-temperature treatment to generate silicon dioxide molecules, the regenerated silicon dioxide molecules are highly dispersed in the fiber component, the fiber component is dispersed in the rubber plastic material, and the mechanical property and the flame retardant property of the rubber plastic material are improved after the rubber plastic material is coated with the components in the rubber plastic material by combining the good rigidity and the good thermal stability of the silicon dioxide molecules, so that the cotton fiber has a wide application prospect.

Detailed Description

Mixing cotton with 6-10% hydrochloric acid in a mass ratio of 1: 10 putting the three-neck flask into a three-neck flask, sealing the three-neck flask and placing the three-neck flask into a resistance heating sleeve, raising the temperature in the heating sleeve to 100-110 ℃, stirring the three-neck flask for 40-50 min at a constant temperature by using a stirrer at a rotating speed of 100-120 r/min, filtering the mixture after stirring to obtain filter residues, and cleaning the filter residues for 3-5 times by using distilled water to obtain a reaction material; mixing the reaction materials with dimethylbenzene according to a mass ratio of 1: 10, putting the mixture into a reaction kettle, raising the temperature in the reaction kettle to 50-60 ℃, stirring the mixture for 50-60 min by using a stirring device at the rotating speed of 300-400 r/min, filtering the mixture after stirring to obtain a filter cake, sequentially washing the filter cake for 3-5 times by using absolute ethyl alcohol and distilled water, putting the filter cake into an oven, and drying the filter cake for 2-3 h at the temperature of 90-100 ℃ to obtain an organic fiber product; mixing the organic fiber product with a sodium hydroxide solution with the mass fraction of 8-12% according to the mass ratio of 1: 10 putting the mixture into a reaction kettle, sealing the reaction kettle, filling nitrogen into the reaction kettle, raising the pressure in the kettle to 1.2-1.4 MPa, raising the temperature in the reaction kettle to 140-150 ℃, and carrying out constant-temperature and constant-pressure reaction for 40-60 min to obtain a thermal reactant; adding silicon dioxide powder with the mass of 2-4% of the thermal reaction substance into the reaction kettle, continuously sealing the reaction kettle, raising the temperature in the reaction kettle to 130-150 ℃, stirring for 30-40 min at the constant temperature by using a stirrer at the rotating speed of 500-600 r/min to obtain a reaction product, and mixing the reaction product with an acetic acid solution with the mass fraction of 10-15% according to the mass ratio of 1: 10 putting the mixture into a beaker, and uniformly mixing to prepare a prefabricated mixed solution; adding aluminum chloride powder accounting for 1.5-2.0% of the mass of the prefabricated mixed solution into the beaker, putting the beaker into an ultrasonic oscillator, oscillating for 2-3 hours under the condition of 40-42 kHz frequency, dropwise adding a sulfuric acid solution accounting for 70-90% of the mass fraction into the beaker to adjust the pH value to 2-3, stirring for 60-80 min at the rotating speed of 500-600 r/min by using a stirrer, and dropwise adding a sodium hydroxide solution accounting for 8-10% of the mass fraction into the beaker to adjust the pH value to 5-6 to prepare a reaction solution; according to the weight parts, 12-14 parts of the reaction solution, 50-55 parts of polypropylene, 45-50 parts of ethylene propylene diene monomer, 1-2 parts of dicumyl peroxide, 1.2-1.6 parts of talcum powder and 2-4 parts of oleamide are put into a stirring kettle to be uniformly mixed, and then put into an internal mixer to be internally mixed, and then put into a double-screw extruder to be extruded and dried to prepare the high-strength flame-retardant rubber-plastic material.