阅读说明：本技术 太阳能热泵-相变储能材料食物保温蜂巢柜及工作方法 (Solar heat pump-phase change energy storage material food heat preservation honeycomb cabinet and working method ) 是由 袁艳平 周锦志 余南阳 张楠 于 2020-04-30 设计创作，主要内容包括：本发明提供一种太阳能热泵-相变储能材料食物保温蜂巢柜及工作方法,包括光伏遮阳棚、太阳能蓄电池、太阳能逆变系统、蒸发器冷室、冷凝器热室、辅助风冷换热器、压缩机以及电子膨胀阀；光伏模块、太阳能蓄电池与太阳能逆变系统组合或市电输入为热泵系统供电,热泵蒸发器内部的液态冷媒通过沸腾换热吸收蒸发器冷室内部的低温相变模块的热量,使其由液态变为固态储存冷量；热泵冷凝器内部的气态冷媒释放热量到冷凝器热室内的高温相变模块,使其由固态变为液态储存热量,冷室和热室用于存放食物。辅助风冷换热器可作为热泵蒸发器或冷凝器用于调节蒸发器冷室、冷凝器热室内的温度。本发明将光伏、热泵、相变储能模块相结合,可长时间等温储存食物。(The invention provides a solar heat pump-phase change energy storage material food heat preservation honeycomb cabinet and a working method, wherein the solar heat pump-phase change energy storage material food heat preservation honeycomb cabinet comprises a photovoltaic sunshade, a solar storage battery, a solar inversion system, an evaporator cold chamber, a condenser hot chamber, an auxiliary air cooling heat exchanger, a compressor and an electronic expansion valve; the photovoltaic module, the solar storage battery and the solar inversion system are combined or commercial power is input to supply power for the heat pump system, and the liquid refrigerant in the heat pump evaporator absorbs the heat of the low-temperature phase change module in the cold chamber of the evaporator through boiling heat exchange, so that the liquid refrigerant is changed into solid stored cold energy; the gaseous refrigerant in the condenser of the heat pump releases heat to the high-temperature phase change module in the hot chamber of the condenser, so that the gaseous refrigerant is changed from a solid state to a liquid state to store heat, and the cold chamber and the hot chamber are used for storing food. The auxiliary air-cooled heat exchanger can be used as a heat pump evaporator or a condenser for regulating the temperature in a cold chamber of the evaporator and a hot chamber of the condenser. The invention combines the photovoltaic module, the heat pump module and the phase change energy storage module, and can store food isothermally for a long time.)

1. The utility model provides a solar thermal energy pump-phase change energy storage material food heat preservation honeycomb cabinet which characterized in that: the solar energy inverter comprises a photovoltaic sunshade (1), a solar storage battery (25), a solar energy inverter system (26), an evaporator cold room (4) and a condenser hot room (12); a compressor (9), an auxiliary air-cooled heat exchanger (10) and an electronic expansion valve (11) are arranged between the evaporator cold chamber (4) and the condenser hot chamber (12);

the photovoltaic sunshade (1) comprises a photovoltaic module (2) and a sunshade (3), the photovoltaic module (2) is paved on the top surface of the sunshade (3), the photovoltaic module (2) and a solar inversion system (26) are connected in parallel to be connected into a solar storage battery (25), and the solar storage battery (25) is respectively connected with a compressor (9) and an auxiliary air-cooled heat exchanger (10);

the evaporator cold chamber (4) comprises an outermost cold chamber heat-insulating layer (5) and an innermost low-temperature storage cabinet (8), and a low-temperature phase change layer (6) is arranged between the cold chamber heat-insulating layer (5) and the low-temperature storage cabinet (8); the low-temperature storage cabinet (8) is a honeycomb-shaped closed space; a heat exchange pipeline of the heat pump evaporator (7) is inserted in the low-temperature phase change layer (6);

the condenser hot chamber (12) is sequentially provided with a hot chamber insulating layer (13), a high-temperature phase change layer (14) and a high-temperature storage cabinet (16) from outside to inside, and a heat exchange pipeline of the heat pump condenser (15) is inserted in the high-temperature phase change layer (14);

an upper port of the air-cooled heat exchanger (10) is respectively communicated with an outlet of the heat pump evaporator (7) and an inlet of the heat pump condenser (15) through a pipeline and a valve, a lower port of the air-cooled heat exchanger (10) is respectively communicated with an inlet of the heat pump evaporator (7) and an outlet of the heat pump condenser (15) through a pipeline and a valve, an inlet of the heat pump evaporator (7) is communicated with an outlet of the electronic expansion valve (11) through a pipeline and a valve, an outlet of the heat pump evaporator (7) is communicated with an inlet of the compressor (9) through a pipeline and a valve, an inlet of the heat pump condenser (15) is communicated with an outlet of the compressor (9) through a pipeline and a valve, and an outlet of the heat pump condenser (15) is communicated with an inlet of.

2. The solar heat pump-phase change energy storage material food heat preservation honeycomb cabinet of claim 1, characterized in that: the low-temperature phase change layer (6) is made of a sodium sulfate hydrated salt system phase change material, and comprises the following components in percentage by mass: 75.5% Na₂SO₄·10H₂O, 3% borax, 1.25% PAAS, 16% NH₄Cl, 4 percent of KCl, 0.25 percent of deionized water, and the phase transition temperature is 8-10 ℃.

3. The solar heat pump-phase change energy storage material food heat preservation honeycomb cabinet of claim 1, characterized in that: the high-temperature phase change layer (14) is made of inorganic phase change materials and comprises the following components in percentage by mass: 27 percent of calcium chloride hexahydrate, 23 percent of strontium chloride hexahydrate, 7.5 percent of maleic anhydride, 6.5 percent of sodium formate, 7.5 percent of sodium chloride, 3.5 percent of potassium persulfate and 25 percent of water, and the phase transition temperature is 40-45 ℃.

4. The solar heat pump-phase change energy storage material food heat preservation honeycomb cabinet of claim 1, characterized in that: the outlet of the heat pump evaporator (7) is communicated to the inlet of the compressor (9) through the outlet valve (17) of the heat pump evaporator, the upper port of the auxiliary air-cooled heat exchanger (10) is connected to the inlet of the compressor (9) through the auxiliary air-cooled heat exchanger-evaporation outlet valve (18), the outlet of the compressor (9) is connected to the inlet of the heat pump condenser (15) through the inlet valve (22) of the heat pump condenser, the outlet of the compressor (9) is connected to the upper port of the auxiliary air-cooled heat exchanger (10) through the auxiliary air-cooled heat exchanger-condensation inlet valve (21), the lower port of the air-cooled heat exchanger (10) is connected to the inlet of the heat pump evaporator (7) through the auxiliary air-cooled heat exchanger-condensation outlet valve (23), the electronic expansion valve (11) and the inlet valve (19) of the heat pump evaporator, and the outlet of the heat pump condenser (15), The electronic expansion valve (11) and the heat pump evaporator inlet valve (19) are connected to the inlet of the heat pump evaporator (7); an outlet of the heat pump condenser (15) sequentially passes through an outlet valve (24) of the heat pump condenser, the electronic expansion valve (11) and the auxiliary air-cooled heat exchanger-evaporation inlet valve (20) to enter a lower port of the auxiliary air-cooled heat exchanger (10).

5. The solar heat pump-phase change energy storage material food heat preservation honeycomb cabinet of claim 1, characterized in that: and the commercial power input end (27) is electrically connected with the solar inversion system (26) and supplies power to the compressor (9) and the auxiliary air-cooled heat exchanger (10).

6. A method of operating a cellular cabinet as claimed in any one of claims 1 to 5, having three modes of operation: ordinary mode, supplementary heat supply mode of environment, supplementary heat dissipation mode of environment:

in a common mode, an outlet valve (17) of a heat pump evaporator, an inlet valve (19) of the heat pump evaporator, an inlet valve (22) of a heat pump condenser, an outlet valve (24) of the heat pump condenser are opened, an auxiliary air-cooled heat exchanger-evaporation outlet valve (18), an auxiliary air-cooled heat exchanger-evaporation inlet valve (20), an auxiliary air-cooled heat exchanger-condensation inlet valve (21) and an auxiliary air-cooled heat exchanger-condensation outlet valve (23) are closed; liquid refrigerant in the heat pump evaporator (7) absorbs heat of the low-temperature phase change layer (6) through low-temperature evaporation, the liquid refrigerant is changed into gas, the liquid low-temperature phase change layer (6) releases heat and changes phase into solid and stores cold in a latent heat form, the gas refrigerant is condensed and releases heat in the heat pump condenser (15) after being boosted and heated by the compressor (9), the high-temperature phase change layer (14) absorbs heat and changes the solid phase into liquid to store heat in a latent heat form, the condensed high-temperature high-pressure liquid refrigerant is changed into low-pressure low-temperature two-phase fluid in an equal enthalpy mode after passing through the electronic expansion valve (11), and the low-pressure low-temperature two-phase fluid continuously absorbs heat after entering the heat pump evaporator (7;

when the internal temperature of the cold chamber heat-insulating layer (5) reaches a preset value and the condenser hot chamber (12) does not reach the preset value, an environment auxiliary heat supply mode is started: an auxiliary air-cooled heat exchanger-evaporation outlet valve (18), an auxiliary air-cooled heat exchanger-evaporation inlet valve (20), a heat pump condenser inlet valve (22), a heat pump condenser outlet valve (24) is opened, a heat pump evaporator outlet valve (17), a heat pump evaporator inlet valve (19), an auxiliary air-cooled heat exchanger-condensation inlet valve (21), and an auxiliary air-cooled heat exchanger-condensation outlet valve (23) is closed; the refrigerant inside the auxiliary air-cooled heat exchanger (10) evaporates to absorb the heat of the ambient air, enters the heat pump condenser (15) after passing through the compressor (9) and transfers the heat to the high-temperature phase change layer (14), and the liquid refrigerant enters the auxiliary air-cooled heat exchanger (10) again after passing through the electronic expansion valve (11) to complete the transfer of the heat from the ambient air to the high-temperature phase change layer (14) by the heat pump;

when the internal temperature of the hot chamber (12) of the condenser reaches a preset value and the heat-insulating layer (5) of the cold chamber does not reach the preset value, an environment-assisted heat dissipation mode is started: the heat of the low-temperature phase change layer (6) is absorbed by liquid refrigerants inside the heat pump evaporator (7) through low-temperature evaporation, the liquid refrigerants enter the auxiliary air-cooled heat exchanger (10) after passing through the compressor (9), the gaseous refrigerants are condensed to disperse the heat into ambient air, the liquid refrigerants enter the heat pump evaporator (7) again after passing through the electronic expansion valve (11), and the heat is transferred from the heat pump evaporator (7) to the ambient air through the heat pump.

Technical Field

The invention belongs to the technical field of solar refrigeration and heating, and particularly relates to a solar heat pump system and a phase change energy storage technology which are combined for food storage.

Background

With the development of mobile phone intelligence and network universality, the diversity of functions of the mobile phone changes the life style of people in a wide range. The takeaway ordering has the advantages of convenience, high efficiency, selectivity and the like, and the ordering by utilizing a mobile phone and a network becomes the development trend of dining at the present stage. At present, the food take-out year increases by more than 10 percent, which exceeds the acceleration of the traditional food and beverage industry. Catering takeaway market has great potential, so realizing high-quality takeaway service work is an important component of industry development.

At present, most takeout distribution modes are personnel-on-door distribution, and due to the limitation of the manufacturing capacity of merchants and the number of distribution personnel, the manufacturing and distribution of food are easy to lag when the customers have a meal in a peak period; meanwhile, time waste is easily caused by time mismatch between distribution personnel and customers, so a new scheme needs to be provided to solve the problem of ordering peak and time matching.

Disclosure of Invention

Aiming at the problems of the existing meal delivery mode, the invention provides a solar heat pump-phase change energy storage material food heat preservation honeycomb cabinet. The system combines a heat pump evaporator and a condenser with a low-temperature phase-change material and a high-temperature phase-change material respectively and is integrated into a honeycomb cabinet to form a heat-preservation cold chamber and a heat chamber, and the photovoltaic module provides power to realize off-line operation. The honeycomb cabinet can keep constant temperature for a long time, so that the quality of food is ensured, and the manufacturing and distribution pressure of merchants at the peak meal ordering period can be balanced; meanwhile, the problem that the face-to-face distribution time is not matched is solved by a self-taking mode, and the distribution efficiency is improved.

In order to achieve the purpose, the technical scheme of the invention is as follows:

a solar heat pump-phase change energy storage material food heat preservation honeycomb cabinet comprises a photovoltaic sunshade 1, a solar storage battery 25, a solar inversion system 26, an evaporator cold chamber 4 and a condenser hot chamber 12; a compressor 9, an auxiliary air-cooled heat exchanger 10 and an electronic expansion valve 11 are arranged between the evaporator cold chamber 4 and the condenser hot chamber 12;

the photovoltaic sunshade 1 comprises a photovoltaic module 2 and a sunshade 3, the photovoltaic module 2 is flatly laid on the top surface of the sunshade 3, the photovoltaic module 2 and a solar inversion system 26 are connected in parallel to a solar storage battery 25, and the solar storage battery 25 is respectively connected with a compressor 9 and an auxiliary air-cooled heat exchanger 10;

the evaporator cold chamber 4 comprises an outermost cold chamber insulating layer 5 and an innermost low-temperature storage cabinet 8, and a low-temperature phase change layer 6 is arranged between the cold chamber insulating layer 5 and the low-temperature storage cabinet 8; the low-temperature storage cabinet 8 is a honeycomb-shaped closed space; a heat exchange pipeline of the heat pump evaporator 7 is inserted in the low-temperature phase change layer 6;

the condenser hot chamber 12 is sequentially provided with a hot chamber insulating layer 13, a high-temperature phase change layer 14 and a high-temperature storage cabinet 16 from outside to inside, and a heat exchange pipeline of the heat pump condenser 15 is inserted in the high-temperature phase change layer 14;

the upper port of the air-cooled heat exchanger 10 is respectively communicated with the outlet of the heat pump evaporator 7 and the inlet of the heat pump condenser 15 through a pipeline and a valve, the lower port of the air-cooled heat exchanger 10 is respectively communicated with the inlet of the heat pump evaporator 7 and the outlet of the heat pump condenser 15 through a pipeline and a valve, the inlet of the heat pump evaporator 7 is communicated with the outlet of the electronic expansion valve 11 through a pipeline and a valve, the outlet of the heat pump evaporator 7 is communicated with the inlet of the compressor 9 through a pipeline and a valve, the inlet of the heat pump condenser 15 is communicated with the outlet of the compressor 9 through a pipeline and a valve, and the outlet of the heat pump condenser 15 is communicated with the inlet of the electronic.

Preferably, the low-temperature phase change layer 6 is made of sulfurThe sodium salt hydrate system phase-change material comprises the following components in percentage by mass: 75.5% Na₂SO₄·10H₂O, 3% borax, 1.25% PAAS, 16% NH₄Cl, 4 percent of KCl, 0.25 percent of deionized water, and the phase transition temperature is 8-10 ℃.

As a preferred mode, the high-temperature phase change layer 14 is made of an inorganic phase change material, and the formula comprises the following components in percentage by mass: 27 percent of calcium chloride hexahydrate, 23 percent of strontium chloride hexahydrate, 7.5 percent of maleic anhydride, 6.5 percent of sodium formate, 7.5 percent of sodium chloride, 3.5 percent of potassium persulfate and 25 percent of water, and the phase transition temperature is 40-45 ℃.

Preferably, the outlet of the heat pump evaporator 7 is communicated with the inlet of the compressor 9 through a heat pump evaporator outlet valve 17, the upper port of the auxiliary air-cooled heat exchanger 10 is connected with the inlet of the compressor 9 through an auxiliary air-cooled heat exchanger-evaporation outlet valve 18, the outlet of the compressor 9 is connected with the inlet of the heat pump condenser 15 through a heat pump condenser inlet valve 22, the outlet of the compressor 9 is connected with the upper port of the auxiliary air-cooled heat exchanger 10 through an auxiliary air-cooled heat exchanger-condensation inlet valve 21, the lower port of the air-cooled heat exchanger 10 is connected with the inlet of the heat pump evaporator 7 through an auxiliary air-cooled heat exchanger-condensation outlet valve 23, an electronic expansion valve 11 and a heat pump evaporator inlet valve 19 in sequence, the outlet of the heat pump condenser 15 is communicated with the, the electronic expansion valve 11 and the heat pump evaporator inlet valve 19 are connected to the inlet of the heat pump evaporator 7; the outlet of the heat pump condenser 15 enters the lower port of the auxiliary air-cooled heat exchanger 10 through the heat pump condenser outlet valve 24, the electronic expansion valve 11 and the auxiliary air-cooled heat exchanger-evaporation inlet valve 20 in sequence.

Preferably, the commercial power input end 27 is electrically connected to the solar inverter system 26 to supply power to the compressor 9 and the auxiliary air-cooled heat exchanger 10.

In order to achieve the above object, the present invention further provides an operating method of the cellular cabinet, which has three operating modes: ordinary mode, supplementary heat supply mode of environment, supplementary heat dissipation mode of environment:

as shown in fig. 2, in the normal mode, the heat pump evaporator outlet valve 17, the heat pump evaporator inlet valve 19, the heat pump condenser inlet valve 22, and the heat pump condenser outlet valve 24 are opened, the auxiliary air-cooled heat exchanger-evaporation outlet valve 18, the auxiliary air-cooled heat exchanger-evaporation inlet valve 20, the auxiliary air-cooled heat exchanger-condensation inlet valve 21, and the auxiliary air-cooled heat exchanger-condensation outlet valve 23 are closed; the liquid refrigerant in the heat pump evaporator 7 absorbs the heat of the low-temperature phase change layer 6 through low-temperature evaporation, the liquid refrigerant is changed into a gaseous state, the heat release phase of the liquid low-temperature phase change layer 6 is changed into a solid state and stores cold energy in a latent heat form, the gaseous refrigerant is condensed and releases heat in the heat pump condenser 15 after being boosted and heated by the compressor 9, the high-temperature phase change layer 14 absorbs the heat and then is changed into a liquid state from the solid state to store heat energy in the latent heat form, the condensed high-temperature and high-pressure liquid refrigerant passes through the electronic expansion valve 11 and then is changed into low-pressure and low-temperature two-phase fluid in an equal enthalpy manner, and;

as shown in fig. 3, when the temperature inside the cold chamber insulating layer 5 reaches a preset value and the condenser hot chamber 12 does not reach the preset value, the environment auxiliary heating mode is started: an auxiliary air-cooled heat exchanger-evaporation outlet valve 18, an auxiliary air-cooled heat exchanger-evaporation inlet valve 20, a heat pump condenser inlet valve 22, a heat pump condenser outlet valve 24 are opened, a heat pump evaporator outlet valve 17, a heat pump evaporator inlet valve 19, an auxiliary air-cooled heat exchanger-condensation inlet valve 21 and an auxiliary air-cooled heat exchanger-condensation outlet valve 23 are closed; the refrigerant inside the auxiliary air-cooled heat exchanger 10 evaporates and absorbs the heat of the ambient air, enters the heat pump condenser 15 after passing through the compressor 9 and transfers the heat to the high-temperature phase change layer 14, and the liquid refrigerant enters the auxiliary air-cooled heat exchanger 10 again after passing through the electronic expansion valve 11 to complete the heat transfer from the ambient air to the high-temperature phase change layer 14 by the heat pump;

as shown in fig. 4, when the internal temperature of the hot chamber 12 of the condenser reaches a preset value and the insulating layer 5 of the cold chamber does not reach the preset value, the environment-assisted heat dissipation mode is started: the liquid refrigerant inside the heat pump evaporator 7 absorbs the heat of the low-temperature phase change layer 6 through low-temperature evaporation, enters the auxiliary air-cooled heat exchanger 10 through the compressor 9, is condensed to dissipate the heat into the ambient air, and then enters the heat pump evaporator 7 again through the electronic expansion valve 11, so that the heat pump transfers the heat from the heat pump evaporator 7 to the ambient air.

The working principle of the embodiment is as follows:

the photovoltaic module and the solar inversion system convert illumination into direct current electric energy and store the direct current electric energy in the solar storage battery, and the direct current electric energy can also be inverted into alternating current to provide electric power for the compressor 9 and the auxiliary air-cooled heat exchanger 10. The system combines a cold chamber insulating layer 5, a low-temperature phase change layer 6, a heat pump evaporator 7 and a low-temperature storage cabinet 8 into an evaporator cold chamber 4, the low-temperature phase change layer 6 is changed into a solid state by utilizing the boiling and heat absorption of a refrigerant in the heat pump evaporator, the cold energy is stored in a latent heat mode, the long-term constant low temperature of the evaporator cold chamber 4 is ensured, and the system is used for keeping food fresh. Similarly, the system combines a heat chamber insulating layer 13, a high-temperature phase change layer 14, a heat pump condenser 15 and a high-temperature storage cabinet 16 into a condenser heat chamber 12. The heat from the heat pump condenser 15 is also stored in the form of latent heat of phase change to ensure a long-term constant high temperature of the condenser hot chamber 12 for food warming. The heat preservation is used for reducing the heat waste, stores the cabinet and is used for depositing low temperature or high temperature food, and the phase transition layer is used for storing the cold volume and the heat that come from the heat pump, guarantees the invariable temperature of storing the cabinet for a long time. The photovoltaic module 2 is paved on the top surface of the sunshade 3, and can play roles of shading sun, shielding rain and preventing wind besides providing electric power. The system is provided with an auxiliary air-cooled heat exchanger 10, and the auxiliary air-cooled heat exchanger 10 can be used as an evaporator or a condenser of a heat pump to flexibly regulate and control the temperature of a cold chamber and a hot chamber. When the temperature of the evaporator cold chamber 4 or the condenser hot chamber 12 needs to be adjusted on one side, the independent temperature control of the evaporator cold chamber 4 or the condenser hot chamber 12 can be realized by controlling the opening and closing of the valves at the inlet and the outlet of each heat exchanger.

Compared with the prior art, the invention has the following beneficial effects:

1. the system provided by the invention balances the pressure of the ordering peak period and improves the delivery interaction rate.

2. The system provided by the invention adopts the heat pump technology to simultaneously realize the temperature requirements of the cold chamber and the hot chamber, fully utilizes the energy in the system and improves the energy utilization rate.

3. The system provided by the invention is introduced with the phase change energy storage module, so that heat can be stored and released in time, and the food preservation time is prolonged

Drawings

Fig. 1 is a schematic structural diagram of a solar heat pump-phase change energy storage material food heat preservation honeycomb cabinet according to an embodiment of the present invention;

FIG. 2 is a schematic diagram illustrating normal mode operation of a system according to an embodiment of the present invention;

FIG. 3 is a schematic diagram of an environment-assisted heating operation provided by an embodiment of the present invention;

FIG. 4 is a schematic diagram illustrating an environment-assisted heat dissipation operation according to an embodiment of the present invention;

in the figure, 1 is a photovoltaic sunshade, 2 is a photovoltaic module, 3 is a sunshade, 4 is an evaporator cold chamber, 5 is a cold chamber heat-insulating layer, 6 is a low-temperature phase change layer, 7 is a heat pump evaporator, 8 is a low-temperature storage cabinet, 9 is a compressor, 10 is an auxiliary air-cooled heat exchanger, 11 is an electronic expansion valve, 12 is a condenser hot chamber, 13 is a hot chamber heat-insulating layer, 14 is a high-temperature phase change layer, 15 is a heat pump condenser, 16 is a high-temperature storage cabinet, 17 is a heat pump evaporator outlet valve, 18 is an auxiliary air-cooled heat exchanger-evaporation outlet valve, 19 is a heat pump evaporator inlet valve, 20 is an auxiliary air-cooled heat exchanger-evaporation inlet valve, 21 is an auxiliary air-cooled heat exchanger-condensation inlet valve, 22 is a heat pump condenser inlet valve, 23 is an auxiliary air-cooled heat exchanger-condensation outlet valve, 24 is a heat pump condenser outlet valve, 25 is a solar, 26 is a solar inversion system, and 27 is a commercial power input end.

Detailed Description

The embodiments of the present invention are described below with reference to specific embodiments, and other advantages and effects of the present invention will be easily understood by those skilled in the art from the disclosure of the present specification. The invention is capable of other and different embodiments and of being practiced or of being carried out in various ways, and its several details are capable of modification in various respects, all without departing from the spirit and scope of the present invention.