阅读说明：本技术 一种永磁灭弧无极性高压大电流直流接触器 (Permanent magnet arc extinguishing non-polar high-voltage large-current direct current contactor ) 是由 刘勇 郭志奇 曹文宇 白云飞 葛鑫龙 宋文达 于 2020-04-30 设计创作，主要内容包括：本发明公开一种永磁灭弧无极性高压大电流直流接触器,包括灭弧室、动触头、基座组件以及电磁驱动机构,灭弧室基座组件上,电磁驱动机构安装于基座组件下方,所述灭弧室包括两块永磁体及导磁块、导磁极板,两块永磁体吸附于导磁块两端,两只导磁极板分别无缝吸附在两块永磁体外侧,永磁体、导磁块、导磁极板共同内置于灭弧室中部,在动触头两端形成与动触头水平方向平行的恒定磁场。本发明不存在临界电流危险,磁场利用更加高效,吹弧效果更加显著；在保证产品能够无极性开断电路的需求基础上,极大提升了产品的分断能力,保证产品使用寿命,可使产品在保持阶段长期运行时电磁铁产生较低的发热量,降低塑料元件的老化速度,减少无用功的产生。(The invention discloses a permanent magnet arc extinguishing non-polar high-voltage large-current direct current contactor which comprises an arc extinguishing chamber, a moving contact, a base assembly and an electromagnetic driving mechanism, wherein the electromagnetic driving mechanism is arranged below the base assembly on the arc extinguishing chamber base assembly, the arc extinguishing chamber comprises two permanent magnets, a magnetic conduction block and magnetic conduction polar plates, the two permanent magnets are adsorbed at two ends of the magnetic conduction block, the two magnetic conduction polar plates are respectively and seamlessly adsorbed at the outer sides of the two permanent magnets, the magnetic conduction block and the magnetic conduction polar plates are jointly arranged in the middle of the arc extinguishing chamber, and constant magnetic fields parallel to the horizontal direction of the moving. The invention has no critical current danger, the magnetic field utilization is more efficient, and the arc blowing effect is more obvious; on the basis of ensuring the requirement that the product can be used for switching on and off the circuit in a non-polar manner, the breaking capacity of the product is greatly improved, the service life of the product is ensured, the electromagnet can generate lower heating value when the product is operated for a long time in a holding stage, the aging speed of a plastic element is reduced, and the generation of useless power is reduced.)

1. The utility model provides a permanent magnetism arc extinguishing nonpolarity high-voltage large current direct current contactor, includes explosion chamber (2), moving contact (3), base subassembly (4) and electromagnetic drive mechanism (5), on explosion chamber (2) base subassembly (4), electromagnetic drive mechanism (5) are installed in base subassembly (4) below, its characterized in that: the arc extinguish chamber (2) comprises two permanent magnets (201), magnetic conductive blocks (202) and magnetic conductive pole plates (203), wherein the two permanent magnets (201) are adsorbed at two ends of the magnetic conductive blocks (202), the two magnetic conductive pole plates (203) are respectively and seamlessly adsorbed at the outer sides of the two permanent magnets (201), the magnetic conductive blocks (202) and the magnetic conductive pole plates (203) are jointly arranged in the middle of the arc extinguish chamber (2), and constant magnetic fields parallel to the horizontal direction of the moving contact (3) are formed at two ends of the moving contact (3).

2. The permanent magnet arc extinguishing non-polar high-voltage high-current direct current contactor according to claim 1, wherein: the arc extinguish chamber (2) comprises arc isolating lining plates (204), a labyrinth lining plate (205) and arc extinguish grid pieces, wherein every two of 8 arc isolating lining plates (204) are taken as a group and are respectively arranged in four independent spaces in the arc extinguish chamber (2), the two arc isolating lining plates in each group are symmetrically arranged and form a furling space and a narrow slit space, wherein the furling space presents an acute angle and an included angle towards the direction of the movable contact (3), and the narrow slit space presents a narrow slit channel and extends to the inner wall of the arc extinguish chamber (2); the four labyrinth lining plates (205) are respectively arranged in four independent spaces in the arc extinguish chamber (2) and are arranged at the upper part of each group of arc isolating lining plates (204); the arc-extinguishing grid plates comprise long arc-extinguishing grid plates (206), middle arc-extinguishing grid plates (207) and short arc-extinguishing grid plates (208), wherein the four long arc-extinguishing grid plates (206) are respectively arranged in outermost partitions of the four labyrinth lining plates (205), the four middle arc-extinguishing grid plates (207) are respectively arranged in innermost partitions of the four labyrinth lining plates (205), and the plurality of short arc-extinguishing grid plates (208) are respectively arranged in middle partitions of the four labyrinth lining plates (205) in equal number.

3. The permanent magnet arc extinguishing non-polar high-voltage high-current direct current contactor according to claim 2, wherein: the arc striking plate (209) and the insulating block (210) are further arranged, the arc striking plate (209) is fixedly installed at the middle position inside the arc extinguishing chamber (2), and four arc striking angles of the arc striking plate (209) point to the lower end direction of the middle arc extinguishing grid plate (207); the insulating blocks (210) are arranged at the middle positions of two sides of the arc extinguish chamber and at the lower ends of the magnetic conducting pole plates (203).

4. The permanent magnet arc extinguishing non-polar high-voltage high-current direct current contactor according to claim 1, wherein: the base component (4) is provided with a plastic base (401) and two groups of static contact components (402), the two groups of static contact components (402) comprise four arc striking plates (40201) and two static contacts (40202), every two arc striking plates (40201) form one group, one end of each group of arc striking plates (40201) is fixedly installed on two sides of the static contacts (40202) in a seamless mode, and the other end of each group of arc striking plates (40201) extends to the inner wall of the arc extinguish chamber (2); each static contact (40202) comprises a contact plate (4020201) and a static silver contact (4020202), one end of the contact plate (4020201) is provided with a rectangular convex structure, and the static silver contact (4020202) is welded above the rectangular convex structure of the contactor (4020201).

Technical Field

The invention relates to a low-voltage electrical appliance switch, in particular to a permanent magnet arc-extinguishing non-polar high-voltage large-current direct-current contactor.

Background

Compared with the alternating current, the direct current has no natural zero crossing point, the direct current arc generated when the direct current is cut off cannot extinguish the arc if the direct current arc is not subjected to external force, the external force is usually selected from a magnetic blow-out arc type, the magnetic blow-out type of the conventional direct current contactor is generally divided into a permanent magnetic blow-out type and an electromagnetic coil magnetic blow-out type, wherein the permanent magnetic blow-out type utilizes a permanent magnet to provide a stable magnetic field with constant strength and direction, the direction of the magnetic field is usually designed to be vertical to the direction of a moving contact in the structural aspect, so that the arc can be blown to the direction of an arc extinguish chamber, once the contactor is cut off, reverse current is generated, the arc can be blown to the opposite direction of the arc extinguish chamber by the magnetic blow-; the electromagnetic coil magnetic blow uses the electromagnetic coil to provide an unstable magnetic field, the magnetic field intensity is in direct proportion to the current flowing through the electromagnetic coil, and the magnetic field direction changes along with the change of the current direction flowing through the electromagnetic coil, so the magnetic blow magnetic field provided by the electromagnetic coil can be designed to be the direction of the magnetic blow magnetic field which always keeps blowing the electric arc to the direction of the arc extinguish chamber, but when the current flowing through the electromagnetic coil is small, the magnetic field intensity is weak, the arc blow force is insufficient, the arc extinguishing time is greatly prolonged, the critical current phenomenon is easy to occur, and compared with the permanent magnet scheme, the electromagnetic coil scheme has the defects of large processing technology difficulty, large volume, high.

For example, the invention Z L201610042594.1 describes a "switching device with permanent magnet arc extinguishing", which is similar to the arc extinguishing chamber of the invention structure and is designed with 4 arc extinguishing passages in total, but the passage direction and the moving contact direction are kept in a horizontal parallel state, the permanent magnet establishes a "bias magnetic field" at the contact position through the magnetic conductive pole plate, when an arc is generated, the arc is respectively blown to the arc extinguishing passages, when the current direction changes, the arc is blown to another arc extinguishing passage, the arc extinguishing group is deflected to the other arc extinguishing passage, and the arc extinguishing magnetic field is deflected to the inner side of the arc extinguishing passage, so that the arc extinguishing diameter of the arc extinguishing passage is increased, and the arc extinguishing diameter of the arc extinguishing passage is increased.

Disclosure of Invention

Aiming at the defects of poor breaking capacity, high arc extinguishing difficulty and the like of a high-voltage high-current direct-current contactor in the prior art, the invention aims to provide a permanent magnet arc extinguishing nonpolar high-voltage high-current direct-current contactor which can improve the breaking capacity, quickly extinguish the arc and prolong the service life.

In order to solve the technical problems, the invention adopts the technical scheme that:

the invention provides a permanent magnet arc extinguishing non-polar high-voltage large-current direct current contactor which comprises an arc extinguishing chamber, a moving contact, a base assembly and an electromagnetic driving mechanism, wherein the electromagnetic driving mechanism is arranged below the base assembly on the arc extinguishing chamber base assembly, the arc extinguishing chamber comprises two permanent magnets, a magnetic conduction block and magnetic conduction polar plates, the two permanent magnets are adsorbed at two ends of the magnetic conduction block, the two magnetic conduction polar plates are respectively and seamlessly adsorbed at the outer sides of the two permanent magnets, the magnetic conduction block and the magnetic conduction polar plates are jointly arranged in the middle of the arc extinguishing chamber, and constant magnetic fields parallel to the horizontal direction of the moving.

The arc extinguishing chamber comprises arc isolating lining plates, labyrinth lining plates and arc extinguishing grid pieces, wherein every two of the eight arc isolating lining plates are a group and are respectively arranged in four independent spaces in the arc extinguishing chamber, the two arc isolating lining plates in each group are symmetrically arranged and form two parts, namely a furling space and a narrow slit space, the furling space presents an acute angle and an included angle towards the direction of the movable contact, and the narrow slit space presents a narrow slit channel and extends to the inner wall of the arc extinguishing chamber; the four labyrinth lining plates are respectively arranged in four independent spaces in the arc extinguishing chamber and are arranged at the upper part of each group of arc isolating lining plates; the arc-extinguishing grid pieces comprise long arc-extinguishing grid pieces, middle arc-extinguishing grid pieces and short arc-extinguishing grid pieces, wherein the four long arc-extinguishing grid pieces are respectively arranged in the outermost side partitions of the four labyrinth lining plates, the four middle arc-extinguishing grid pieces are respectively arranged in the innermost side partitions of the four labyrinth lining plates, and the multiple short arc-extinguishing grid pieces are respectively arranged in the middle partitions of the four labyrinth lining plates in equal number.

The arc extinguishing chamber is also provided with an arc striking sheet and an insulating block, the arc striking sheet is fixedly installed to the middle position inside the arc extinguishing chamber, and four arc striking angles of the arc striking sheet point to the lower end direction of the middle arc extinguishing grid sheet; the insulating blocks are arranged at the middle positions of two sides of the arc extinguish chamber and at the lower ends of the magnetic conduction pole plates.

The base component is provided with a plastic base and two groups of static contact components, the two groups of static contact components comprise four arc striking plates and two static contacts, every two arc striking plates form one group, one end of each arc striking plate is seamlessly and fixedly arranged on two sides of the static contact, and the other end of each arc striking plate extends to the inner wall of the arc extinguishing chamber; each static contact comprises a contact plate and a static silver contact, one end of the contact plate is provided with a rectangular convex structure, and the static silver contact is welded above the rectangular convex structure of the contactor.

The invention has the following beneficial effects and advantages:

1. the invention utilizes the permanent magnetic blow-out technology to extinguish arc, establishes a stable direct blow magnetic field, has no critical current danger, and has more efficient magnetic field utilization and more obvious arc blow-out effect; meanwhile, the permanent magnet with the established permanent magnetic field is attached to two ends of the magnetizer in a seamless way, so that the material consumption of the permanent magnet material is reduced on the basis of ensuring the requirement of the magnetic field intensity.

2. The arc extinguishing chamber is internally provided with 4 independent arc extinguishing spaces, when the contact breaking circuit generates an arc, the arc between the moving contact and the fixed contact is respectively blown to the two corresponding arc extinguishing spaces by the permanent magnetic direct-blowing magnetic field, and the dissociation removing process is completed in the arc extinguishing spaces by utilizing the combination of a plurality of arc extinguishing modes of narrow slits, labyrinths and arc extinguishing grid pieces, so that the breaking capacity of a product is greatly improved on the basis of ensuring the requirement that the product can be used for non-polar circuit breaking.

3. The arc striking plate, the arc striking plate and the contact plate are protruded, so that the electric arc can quickly leave the surface of the contact under the action of the permanent magnetic direct-blowing magnetic field in the initial stage, the retention time of the electric arc on the surface of the contact is greatly shortened, the ablation of the contact is reduced, the loss is reduced, and the service life of a product is ensured.

4. The design of the driving controller in the electromagnet can enable a product to enjoy higher power in a starting stage and be in a lower power working state in a maintaining stage at the same time, so that the requirement of the product for overcoming larger reaction force of the contact spring and the return spring in the starting stage is met, the electromagnet can generate lower heat when the product runs for a long time in the maintaining stage, the aging speed of a plastic element is reduced, and the generation of useless power is reduced.

Drawings

FIG. 1 is a cross-sectional view of the permanent magnet arc extinguishing non-polar high voltage large current DC contactor (sectional partial view);

figure 2 is a cross-sectional view (cross-sectional side view) of an arc chute of the present invention;

FIG. 3 is a cross-sectional view (cross-sectional longitudinal view) of the arc chute of the present invention;

fig. 4 is an oblique view of the movable contact of the present invention;

FIG. 5 is an oblique view of the base assembly of the present invention;

FIG. 6 is an oblique view of the stationary contact assembly of the present invention;

fig. 7 is an oblique view of a stationary contact in an embodiment of the present invention;

FIG. 8 is an oblique view of the electromagnetic drive mechanism of the present invention;

FIG. 9 is a diagram showing the moving path of the arc under the action of the blow-through magnetic field when the bi-directional current is turned on and off.

In the figure: 1 is a contactor whole, 2 is an arc extinguish chamber, 3 is a moving contact, 4 is a base component, and 5 is an electromagnetic driving mechanism; 2, an arc extinguish chamber, 201, 202, 203, 204, 205, 206, 207, 208, 209, 210, 3, 301, 302, 301, a movable contact bridge and 302, wherein the arc extinguish chamber is a permanent magnet, 202, 203, a magnetic pole plate, 204, an arc isolating lining plate, 205, a labyrinth lining plate, the long arc extinguish grid plate, the middle arc extinguish grid plate, 208, the short arc extinguish grid plate, the arc striking plate, 210, the insulating block, the movable contact bridge and the; 4, a base component, 401, a plastic base, 402, a fixed contact component, 40201, an arc striking plate and 40202, a fixed contact; 4020201 is contact plate, 4020202 is static silver contact; 5 is an electromagnetic driving mechanism, 501 is an electromagnet, 50101 is an armature core, and 502 is a driving controller.

Detailed Description

The invention is further elucidated with reference to the accompanying drawings.

As shown in fig. 1 to 3, the invention relates to a permanent-magnet arc-extinguishing nonpolar high-voltage large-current direct-current contactor, which comprises an arc-extinguishing chamber 2, a moving contact 3, a base component 4 and an electromagnetic driving mechanism 5, wherein the arc-extinguishing chamber 2 is arranged on the base component 4, the electromagnetic driving mechanism 5 is arranged below the base component 4, the arc-extinguishing chamber 2 comprises 2 permanent magnets 201, magnetic conductive blocks 202 and magnetic conductive polar plates 203, the 2 permanent magnets 201 are adsorbed at two ends of the magnetic conductive blocks 202, the 2 magnetic conductive polar plates 203 are respectively and seamlessly adsorbed at the outer sides of the two permanent magnets 201, the magnetic conductive blocks 202 and the magnetic conductive polar plates 203 are jointly arranged in the middle of the arc-extinguishing chamber 2, and constant magnetic.

As shown in fig. 1, the base assembly 4 is mounted above the electromagnetic driving mechanism 5, the two are mounted by screw fastening, the movable contact 3 is mounted on the armature core 50101 (see fig. 8), and the arc extinguishing chamber 2 is mounted above the base assembly 4, the two are mounted by screw fastening.

As shown in fig. 2 to 3, the arc extinguish chamber 2 includes an arc isolating liner plate 204, a labyrinth liner plate 205 and arc extinguish grid pieces, wherein 1 group of 8 arc isolating liner plates 204 is respectively installed in 4 independent spaces in the arc extinguish chamber 2, and 2 arc isolating liner plates of each group are installed in a symmetrical manner and form two parts, namely a furling space and a narrow slit space, wherein the furling space presents an acute angle towards the direction of the movable contact 3, and the narrow slit space presents a narrow slit channel extending to the inner wall of the arc extinguish chamber 2; the 4 labyrinth lining plates 205 are respectively arranged in 4 independent spaces in the arc extinguish chamber 2 and are arranged at the upper part of each group of arc isolating lining plates 204; the arc-extinguishing grid plates comprise long arc-extinguishing grid plates 206, middle arc-extinguishing grid plates 207 and short arc-extinguishing grid plates 208, wherein 4 long arc-extinguishing grid plates 206 are respectively arranged in outermost partitions of 4 labyrinth lining plates 205, 4 middle arc-extinguishing grid plates 207 are respectively arranged in innermost partitions of 4 labyrinth lining plates 205, and 56 short arc-extinguishing grid plates 208 are respectively arranged in middle partitions of 4 labyrinth lining plates 205 in an equal number. The arc striking plate 209 and the insulating block 210 are further arranged, the arc striking plate 209 is fixedly installed at the middle position inside the arc extinguishing chamber 2, and four arc striking angles of the arc striking plate 209 point to the lower end of the middle arc extinguishing grid plate 207; the insulating block 210 is installed at the middle position of the two sides of the arc extinguish chamber and at the lower end of the magnetic conducting pole plate 203, and separates the magnetic conducting pole plate 203 from the contact plate 4020101 on the base assembly 4.

In this embodiment, the arc extinguishing chamber 2 has 4 permanent magnets 201, 2 magnetic blocks 202, 2 magnetic pole plates 203, 8 arc isolating lining plates 204, 4 labyrinth lining plates 205, 4 copper long arc extinguishing grids 206, 4 copper middle arc extinguishing grids 207, 56 copper short arc extinguishing grids 208, 1 copper arc striking plate 209 and 2 insulating blocks 210. The heteropolar seamless absorption of 4 permanent magnets 201 is at magnetic conduction piece 202 both ends, and 2 magnetic conduction pole boards 203 are seamless absorption respectively at the permanent magnet 201 other end, and permanent magnet 201, magnetic conduction piece 202, magnetic conduction pole board 203 place the middle part in explosion chamber 2 jointly, form the constant magnetic field parallel with the moving contact 3 horizontal direction at moving contact 3 both ends. 4 long arc-extinguishing grid plates 206 are respectively arranged in the outermost partitions of the 4 labyrinth lining plates 205, 4 middle arc-extinguishing grid plates 207 are respectively arranged in the innermost partitions of the 4 labyrinth lining plates 205, and 56 short arc-extinguishing grid plates 208 are respectively arranged in the middle partitions of the 4 labyrinth lining plates 205 in an equal number. The arc striking piece 209 is fixed to the middle position inside the arc extinguish chamber 2 by screw fastening, and the insulating block 210 is fixed to the middle position of the two sides of the arc extinguish chamber, namely the lower end of the magnetic conducting pole plate 203, so as to separate the magnetic conducting pole plate 203 from the contact plate 4020101.

As shown in fig. 4, the movable contact 3 includes a movable contact bridge 301 and two movable contact points 302, and the two movable contact points 302 are respectively welded to lower portions of two ends of the movable contact bridge 30101.

As shown in fig. 5, the base assembly 4 has a plastic base 401 and 2 sets of stationary contact assemblies 402.

As shown in fig. 6, 2 groups of the fixed contact assemblies 402 include 4 arc ignition plates 40201 and 2 fixed contacts 40202, each 2 of the 4 arc ignition plates 40201 are in one group, one end of each group of the arc ignition plates 40201 is seamlessly and fixedly installed on two sides of the fixed contact 40202, and the other end extends to the inner wall of the arc extinguish chamber 2.

As shown in fig. 7, each fixed contact 40202 includes a contact plate 4020201 and a fixed silver contact 4020202, the contact plate 4020201 has a rectangular protruding structure at one end, and the fixed silver contact 4020202 is welded on the rectangular protruding structure of the contact 4020201.

As shown in fig. 8, the electromagnetic driving mechanism 5 includes an electromagnet 501, and a driving controller 502, the driving controller 502 is located below the electromagnet 501, a delay switching circuit is built in the driving controller, the electromagnet is switched from a high-power starting state to a low-power holding state in a delay manner, and an armature core 50101 is arranged in the electromagnet 501, is located in the middle of the electromagnet 501, and extends outwards to the arc extinguish chamber 2.

The working process and principle of the invention are as follows:

in the invention, 4 independent arc extinguishing spaces are arranged in the arc extinguishing chamber 2, when the contact breaking circuit generates electric arc, the electric arc between the moving contact and the static contact is respectively blown to two corresponding arc extinguishing spaces by a permanent magnetic direct blowing magnetic field which is constructed by a permanent magnet 201, a magnetic conduction block 202 and a magnetic conduction polar plate 203, the arc is eliminated in the arc extinguishing space by utilizing the combination of a narrow slit arc extinguishing formed by the arc isolating lining plate 204, a labyrinth arc extinguishing formed by the labyrinth lining plate 205, a plurality of arc extinguishing modes formed by the long arc extinguishing grid plates 206, the middle arc extinguishing grid plates 207 and the short arc extinguishing grid plates 208, when current in the opposite direction occurs in the loop, the arc is blown to the other two corresponding arc extinguishing spaces (as shown in fig. 9), the dissociation removing process is completed in the other two corresponding arc extinguishing spaces, so that the breaking capacity of the product is greatly improved on the basis of ensuring the requirement that the product can be used for non-polar circuit breaking; meanwhile, in order to ensure that the permanent magnetic direct-blowing magnetic field can be as close to the position where the electric arc is generated as possible, the magnetic conduction pole plate 203 is arranged near the contact plate 4020201 and is insulated by the insulating block 210; the initial stage of electric arc generation is under the action of a permanent magnetic direct-blowing magnetic field, the electric arc at the position of the moving contact 302 is quickly blown to the arc striking sheet 209, the electric arc at the position of the static silver contact 4020202 is quickly blown to the arc striking plate 40201, the electric arc is positioned in the middle of the whole arc extinguish chamber space due to the protruding structural design of the contact plate 4020201, strong hot air pressure generated by the electric arc can be uniformly diffused to the periphery, the arc blowing path cannot be blocked due to overhigh local air pressure, the electric arc can quickly leave the surface of the contact at the initial stage due to the three-position design, the residence time of the electric arc on the surface of the contact is greatly shortened, namely, the ablation of the contact is reduced, the loss is reduced, and the; the design of the driving controller 502 in the electromagnetic driving mechanism 5 can enable a product to enjoy higher power in a starting stage and be in a lower power working state in a maintaining stage at the same time, namely, the requirement of larger reaction force of a contact spring and a return spring in the product starting stage is met, larger suction force is formed in the electromagnet, the moving contact 3 is pulled to move towards the direction of the fixed contact assembly 402 through the armature core 50101, and the electromagnet 501 can generate lower heat productivity when the product is operated for a long time in the maintaining stage, so that the aging speed of plastic elements is reduced, and the generation of useless power is reduced.