阅读说明：本技术 一种宽带共模抑制的平衡到非平衡滤波功分器 (Balanced to unbalanced filtering power divider with broadband common mode rejection ) 是由 李文涛 柴雪静 黑永强 史小卫 于 2020-05-12 设计创作，主要内容包括：本发明提出了一种宽带共模抑制的平衡到非平衡滤波功分器,旨在拓宽平衡到非平衡滤波功分器共模抑制带宽,以满足微波电路系统高度集成和强抗干扰能力的需求,包括介质基板、印制在介质基板下表面上的金属底板、印制在介质基板上表面轴线BB’两侧且开口方向相背的U型输入微带线和U型输出微带线；所述U型输入微带线与U型输出微带线之间印制有四个呈星型排布的阻抗谐振器,相邻的阻抗谐振器关于两条垂直轴线镜像对称；所述U型输出微带线,其矩形微带臂之间印制有与矩形微带底连接的第一匹配枝节,该第一匹配枝节的自由端连接有隔离元件；所述折叠型微带线以及隔离元件的自由端,分别通过金属化过孔与金属底板连接。(The invention provides a balanced-to-unbalanced filter power divider with broadband common-mode rejection, which aims to widen the common-mode rejection bandwidth of the balanced-to-unbalanced filter power divider so as to meet the requirements of high integration and strong anti-interference capability of a microwave circuit system and comprises a medium substrate, a metal bottom plate printed on the lower surface of the medium substrate, and a U-shaped input microstrip line and a U-shaped output microstrip line which are printed on two sides of an axis BB' on the upper surface of the medium substrate and have opposite opening directions; four impedance resonators arranged in a star shape are printed between the U-shaped input microstrip line and the U-shaped output microstrip line, and adjacent impedance resonators are in mirror symmetry with respect to two vertical axes; a first matching branch connected with the bottom of the rectangular microstrip is printed between rectangular microstrip arms of the U-shaped output microstrip, and the free end of the first matching branch is connected with an isolation element; the free ends of the folded microstrip line and the isolation element are respectively connected with the metal base plate through the metalized through hole.)

1. A balanced-to-unbalanced filter power divider for broadband common mode rejection is characterized by comprising a dielectric substrate (1), a metal bottom plate (2) printed on the lower surface of the dielectric substrate (1), and a U-shaped input microstrip line (3) and a U-shaped output microstrip line (4) which are printed on two sides of an axis BB' on the upper surface of the dielectric substrate (1) and have opposite opening directions;

the U-shaped input microstrip line (3) and the U-shaped output microstrip line (4) are formed by connecting a rectangular microstrip bottom and two rectangular microstrip arms perpendicular to the rectangular microstrip bottom, the side, close to an axis BB ', of the rectangular microstrip bottom of the U-shaped input microstrip line (3) and the side, close to the axis BB', of the rectangular microstrip bottom of the U-shaped output microstrip line (4) are symmetrical with each other about the axis BB ', and the two rectangular microstrip arms of the U-shaped input microstrip line (3) and the two rectangular microstrip arms of the U-shaped output microstrip line (4) are symmetrical with each other about the axis AA';

four impedance resonators (5) which are arranged in a star shape are printed between the U-shaped input microstrip line (3) and the U-shaped output microstrip line (4), the impedance resonators (5) are formed by connecting a folded microstrip line (51) for realizing high impedance characteristics and a rectangular metal patch (52) for realizing low impedance characteristics, the adjacent impedance resonators (5) are in mirror symmetry with respect to two vertical axes, and the rectangular metal patch (52) is close to the intersection point of the two vertical axes;

a first matching branch (6) connected with the bottom of the rectangular microstrip is printed between rectangular microstrip arms of the U-shaped output microstrip (4), and the free end of the first matching branch (6) is connected with an isolation element (7);

the free ends of the folded microstrip line (51) and the isolation element (7) are respectively connected with the metal base plate (2) through the metalized via hole (8).

2. A balanced-to-unbalanced filter power divider for broadband common-mode rejection according to claim 1, characterized in that the two perpendicular axes of mirror symmetry of the adjacent impedance resonators (5) coincide with the axes AA 'and BB', respectively.

3. The broadband common-mode rejection balanced-to-unbalanced filter power divider as recited in claim 1, wherein said folded microstrip line (51) is L-type structure, and the long arm of L-type structure is parallel to axis BB 'and the short arm is parallel to axis AA'.

4. The balanced-to-unbalanced filter power divider with broadband common-mode rejection according to claim 1, wherein the first matching stub (6) is formed by a rectangular microstrip line, and the center line of the short side of the rectangular microstrip line coincides with the axis AA'.

5. The balanced-to-unbalanced filter power divider with broadband common-mode rejection according to claim 1, wherein the U-shaped output microstrip (4) has a second matching stub (9) connected to the intersection of the rectangular microstrip bottom and the two rectangular microstrip arms, the second matching stub (9) has a U-shaped structure with a rectangular microstrip connected to one arm, and the rectangular microstrip is located on the rectangular microstrip bottom of the U-shaped output microstrip (4) and the angle of the rectangular microstrip arm.

Technical Field

The invention belongs to the technical field of microwave and radio frequency, relates to a filtering power divider, in particular to a balanced-to-unbalanced filtering power divider with broadband common mode rejection, and can be applied to a radio frequency front end of a wireless communication system.

Background

The power divider has the function of power distribution, can divide one path of signals into two or more paths of signals, and is an important passive device of a wireless communication system. The filter can select a desired frequency signal from a plurality of signals and suppress an undesired frequency signal, which is an indispensable key device in a wireless communication system. The filtering function is added into the power divider, so that the size of a radio frequency front-end circuit can be greatly reduced, and the integration of a microwave system is facilitated, so that the filtering power divider is produced at the same time. On the other hand, as the demands for high integration and miniaturization of microwave systems have increased, microwave devices themselves are required to be more compact in a smaller space in addition to the development of multifunctionality and miniaturization. This inevitably results in increased electromagnetic interference from neighboring devices to each device. The balance circuit has common mode rejection characteristic, so that system noise can be effectively reduced, and crosstalk of circuit components is reduced. Compared with a balanced circuit, the balanced unbalanced circuit can effectively suppress common-mode noise, and can be connected with the balanced circuit and the unbalanced circuit at the same time, so that the integration of a microwave system is facilitated. As an important component of a balanced-to-unbalanced circuit, the design and research of the balanced-to-unbalanced power divider have important significance. The balanced-to-unbalanced filter power divider not only can redistribute power, but also has high selectivity on transmission signals and good anti-interference capability, so that the balanced-to-unbalanced filter power divider is widely applied to microwave circuits and radio frequency front-end circuits.

At present, different impedance characteristics of a half-wavelength or three-quarter-wavelength transmission line generated during differential mode and common mode signal transmission are mostly adopted for designing a balanced to unbalanced filtering power divider to realize the rejection of common mode signals, but the common mode rejection bandwidth is relatively narrow due to the dispersion effect of the transmission line, so that the anti-interference performance of the balanced to unbalanced filtering power divider is greatly reduced. For example, a patent application with publication number CN 107464978A, entitled "power divider with balanced-to-unbalanced signal filtering" discloses a power divider with balanced-to-unbalanced signal filtering, which loads a half-wavelength transmission line between balanced input ports to achieve good common-mode rejection in a working passband, and simultaneously adopts two half-wavelength transmission line resonators to achieve good filtering effect in the passband, but the common-mode signal cannot be rejected outside the working passband. For another example, a patent application with application publication No. CN 108417941 a entitled "balanced-unbalanced filter power divider based on ring resonator" discloses a novel balanced-unbalanced filter power divider based on ring resonator, in which a three-quarter wavelength transmission line is loaded between balanced input ports of the power divider, and a ring resonator structure is adopted to realize a good filter power dividing function, so that high common mode rejection can be realized in a very wide frequency band, but the common mode rejection deteriorates to about-10 dB in a working frequency range of-4 dB, and the common mode rejection performance of the power divider still needs to be improved.

Disclosure of Invention

The invention aims to overcome the defects of the prior art, provides a balanced-to-unbalanced filter power divider with broadband common-mode rejection, and aims to widen the common-mode rejection bandwidth of the balanced-to-unbalanced filter power divider so as to meet the requirements of high integration and strong anti-interference capability of a microwave circuit system.

In order to achieve the purpose, the technical scheme adopted by the invention comprises a dielectric substrate 1, a metal bottom plate 2 printed on the lower surface of the dielectric substrate 1, a U-shaped input microstrip line 3 and a U-shaped output microstrip line 4 which are printed on two sides of an axis BB' on the upper surface of the dielectric substrate 1 and have opposite opening directions;

the U-shaped input microstrip line 3 and the U-shaped output microstrip line 4 are formed by connecting a rectangular microstrip bottom and two rectangular microstrip arms perpendicular to the rectangular microstrip bottom, the edge of the rectangular microstrip bottom of the U-shaped input microstrip line 3 close to the axis BB 'is symmetrical to the edge of the rectangular microstrip bottom of the U-shaped output microstrip line 4 close to the axis BB' with respect to the axis BB ', and the two rectangular microstrip arms of the U-shaped input microstrip line 3 and the two rectangular microstrip arms of the U-shaped output microstrip line 4 are symmetrical with respect to the axis AA';

four impedance resonators 5 arranged in a star shape are printed between the U-shaped input microstrip line 3 and the U-shaped output microstrip line 4, the impedance resonators 5 are formed by connecting a folded microstrip line 51 for realizing high impedance characteristics and a rectangular metal patch 52 for realizing low impedance characteristics, the adjacent impedance resonators 5 are in mirror symmetry about two vertical axes, and the rectangular metal patch 52 is close to the intersection of the two vertical axes;

a first matching branch 6 connected with the bottom of the rectangular microstrip is printed between rectangular microstrip arms of the U-shaped output microstrip line 4, and a free end of the first matching branch 6 is connected with an isolation element 7;

the folded microstrip line 51 and the free end of the isolation element 7 are connected to the metal base plate 2 through the metalized via hole 8.

In the above balanced-to-unbalanced filter power divider with broadband common mode rejection, the two perpendicular axes of mirror symmetry of the adjacent impedance resonators 5 coincide with the axis AA 'and the axis BB', respectively.

In the above balanced-to-unbalanced filter power divider with broadband common mode rejection, the folded microstrip line 51 adopts an L-type structure, and a long arm of the L-type structure is parallel to the axis BB 'and a short arm is parallel to the axis AA'.

In the above balanced-to-unbalanced filter power divider with broadband common mode rejection, the first matching branch 6 is formed by a rectangular microstrip line, and the central line of the short side of the rectangular microstrip line coincides with the axis AA'.

In the balanced-to-unbalanced filter power divider with the broadband common mode rejection, the U-shaped output microstrip line 4 has a second matching branch 9 connected to the intersection of the rectangular microstrip bottom and the two rectangular microstrip arms, the second matching branch 9 has a U-shaped structure with a rectangular microstrip connected to one arm, and the rectangular microstrip is located on the angular bisector between the rectangular microstrip bottom and the rectangular microstrip arms of the U-shaped output microstrip line 4.

Compared with the prior art, the invention has the following advantages:

1. according to the invention, the U-shaped input microstrip line and the U-shaped output microstrip line with opposite opening directions are adopted, and different electromagnetic effects generated by the U-shaped input microstrip line and the U-shaped output microstrip line are utilized when differential mode signals and common mode signals are transmitted, so that effective transmission of differential mode signals is realized, and transmission of common mode signals is inhibited at the same time, so that broadband common mode inhibition is realized, the common mode inhibition of the structure is below-20 dB in a 1GHz-12GHz frequency band, and the common mode inhibition is below-40 dB in a 1GHz-9GHz frequency band, so that the broadband common mode inhibition has higher common mode inhibition characteristics.

2. According to the invention, four impedance resonators arranged in a star shape are adopted, and are formed by connecting a folded microstrip line for realizing high impedance characteristic and a rectangular metal patch for realizing low impedance characteristic, and the filter function can be realized by adjusting the length and the width of the folded microstrip line and the rectangular metal patch, and meanwhile, the wider harmonic suppression characteristic is kept; in addition, the intersection positions of the rectangular microstrip bottom of the U-shaped output microstrip line and the two rectangular microstrip arms are respectively connected with a second matching branch, and transmission zero points are respectively introduced into the left side and the right side of the differential mode passband by the branches, so that the frequency selection performance of the balanced to unbalanced filter power divider is remarkably improved, and the out-of-band harmonic waves are all below-30 dB in the 1GHz-9.5GHz frequency band, so that the structure has a better out-of-band harmonic wave suppression characteristic.

Drawings

FIG. 1 is a schematic view of the overall structure of the present invention;

FIG. 2 is a top surface microstrip structure position dimension diagram of the present invention;

FIG. 3 is a graph of the position dimensions of the star-arranged impedance resonators of the present invention;

FIG. 4 is a graph of S parameter simulation of differential mode input return loss and differential mode insertion loss for the present invention;

FIG. 5 is a simulation plot of the S-parameters of differential mode output return loss and output isolation of the present invention;

fig. 6 is a graph of S-parameter simulation of common mode input return loss and common mode insertion loss and cross mode return loss of the present invention.

Detailed Description

The purpose, technical solutions and technical effects of the present invention will be described in further detail with reference to the accompanying drawings and specific embodiments.

Referring to fig. 1, a balanced-to-unbalanced filter power divider with broadband common mode rejection includes a dielectric substrate 1, a metal base plate 2 printed on a lower surface of the dielectric substrate 1, a U-shaped input microstrip line 3 and a U-shaped output microstrip line 4 printed on two sides of an axis BB' on an upper surface of the dielectric substrate 1 and having opposite opening directions;

the dielectric substrate 1 is made of a rectangular F4BM material with the relative dielectric constant of 2.65, the loss tangent of 0.003, the size of 24mm × 46.2.2 mm and the thickness of 0.5 mm.

The U-shaped input microstrip line 3 and the U-shaped output microstrip line 4 are each formed by connecting a rectangular microstrip bottom and two rectangular microstrip arms perpendicular to the rectangular microstrip bottom, see fig. 2, where the rectangular microstrip bottom of the U-shaped input microstrip line 3 has a width W1 of 0.35mm and a length L0 of 17mm, the rectangular microstrip bottom of the U-shaped output microstrip line 4 has a width W2 of 0.8mm and a length L0 of 17mm, the rectangular microstrip arms have widths W0 of 1.35mm, an edge of the rectangular microstrip bottom of the U-shaped input microstrip line 3 near the axis BB 'and an edge of the rectangular microstrip bottom of the U-shaped output microstrip line 4 near the axis BB' are symmetric with respect to the axis BB ', and the two rectangular microstrip arms of the U-shaped input microstrip line 3 and the two rectangular microstrip arms of the U-shaped output microstrip line 4 are symmetric with respect to the axis AA'.

Four impedance resonators 5 arranged in a star shape are printed between the U-shaped input microstrip line 3 and the U-shaped output microstrip line 4, referring to fig. 3, the impedance resonators 5 are formed by connecting a folded microstrip line 51 for realizing high impedance characteristics and a rectangular metal patch 52 for realizing low impedance characteristics, the adjacent impedance resonators 5 are in mirror symmetry about two vertical axes, the rectangular metal patch 52 is close to a cross point of the two vertical axes, the folded microstrip line 51 adopts an L type structure, the length of the rectangular microstrip forming a L type side arm is L1-8.5 mm, the length of the rectangular microstrip forming a L type bottom arm is L2-2.2 mm, the widths of the two rectangular microstrip lines are the same and are d 1-0.35 mm, the long arm of the L type structure is parallel to an axis BB ', the short arm is parallel to an axis AA', and the length of the rectangular metal patch 52 is L3-4.5 mm, and the width of the rectangular patch is d 2-1.75 mm.

A first matching branch 6 connected with the bottom of the rectangular microstrip is printed between the rectangular microstrip arms of the U-shaped output microstrip 4, and the U-shaped output microstrip consists of one rectangular microstrip, as shown in fig. 2, the length of the U-shaped output microstrip is L5 mm, the width of the U-shaped output microstrip is W3 mm, the width of the U-shaped output microstrip is 1.58mm, the central line of the short side of the rectangular microstrip coincides with the axis AA', the free end of the first matching branch 6 is connected with an isolation element 7, and the isolation element 7 adopts a 81-ohm chip resistor, so that good isolation performance between output ports is realized.

The folded microstrip line 51 and the free end of the isolation element 7 are respectively connected with the metal base plate 2 through the metalized via holes 8, the diameter of each metalized via hole is 1mm, and a rectangular metal patch with the side length of 1.5mm is printed right above each metalized via hole so as to achieve good grounding performance.

The U-shaped output microstrip line 4 is characterized in that a second matching branch 9 is respectively connected to the intersection position of the rectangular microstrip bottom and the two rectangular microstrip arms of the U-shaped output microstrip line 4, the second matching branch 9 is of a U-shaped structure with one arm connected with the rectangular microstrip, the rectangular microstrip is located on the angle line of the rectangular microstrip bottom and the rectangular microstrip arms of the U-shaped output microstrip line 4, the width of the rectangular microstrip is W4-0.3 mm, and the total length of the rectangular microstrip is L4-42 mm.

The working principle of the invention is that when signals are input from the U-shaped input microstrip line 3, a virtual electric wall is generated at the symmetrical axis of the U-shaped input microstrip line 3 by microstrip differential mode signals in the signals, at the moment, the differential mode signals can be effectively coupled to the impedance resonator 5 through a gap between the rectangular microstrip bottom of the U-shaped input microstrip line 3 and the L-shaped long arm of the folded microstrip line 51, and when the microstrip common mode signals are transmitted, a virtual magnetic wall is generated at the symmetrical axis of the U-shaped input microstrip line 3, the common mode signals cannot be coupled to the impedance resonator 5 through the gap, so that the broadband common mode rejection characteristic is realized, then, the microstrip differential mode signals pass through the four impedance resonators 5 arranged in a star shape, signal filtering microstrip lines are carried out by utilizing the high-low impedance characteristic of the impedance resonators 5, the adjacent impedance resonators 5 form magnetic coupling through the gap, so as to adjust the quality factor of the filtering, finally, the differential mode signals are effectively coupled to the U-shaped output microstrip line 4 through the gap, the first matching branch 6 and the isolation element 8 are loaded, so that the two rectangular microstrip differential mode filtering branches are obviously matched, and the zero point of the microstrip differential mode is introduced to the adjacent microstrip output branch, so that the two microstrip differential mode filtering branches are obviously balanced transmission can be balanced.

The technical effects of the invention are further explained by combining simulation experiments as follows:

1. simulation experiments and content

1.1 simulation calculations were performed on the S-parameters of differential mode input return loss and differential mode insertion loss in the present example in the range of 1-12GHz using commercial simulation software HFSS — 19.2, the results of which are shown in fig. 4.

1.2 the commercial simulation software HFSS-19.2 is used to perform simulation calculation on the S parameters of the differential mode output return loss and the output end isolation in the range of 1-5GHz, and the result is shown in FIG. 5.

1.3 simulation calculations were performed on the S-parameters of the common mode input return loss and the common mode insertion loss and the cross mode return loss in the embodiment of the present invention in the range of 1-12GHz using the commercial simulation software HFSS _19.2, and the results are shown in fig. 6.

2. Simulation result

Referring to fig. 4, in this embodiment, under the excitation of the differential mode signal, the central frequency point of the operating frequency band of the power divider is 2.43GHz, and the maximum return loss of the input port is within the whole operating frequency bandUp to 32dB, return lossThe absolute bandwidth above 10dB is 260MHZ, and the relative bandwidth is 10.6 percent; minimum insertion loss in the whole working frequency band3.57dB, and the maximum insertion loss is 4.70 dB; in the frequency band of 1GHz-10GHz, a transmission zero is arranged on the left side of a differential mode passband, 4 transmission zeros are arranged on the right side of the differential mode passband, the out-of-band rejection range of-30 dB is 1GHz-9.5GHz, the out-of-band rejection range of-20 dB is 1GHz-12GHz, and simulation results show that when the power divider is used for differential mode signal transmission, the out-of-band selectivity is good, and the harmonic suppression performance is higher than that of the power dividerIs superior.

Referring to fig. 5, in the present embodiment, under the excitation of the differential mode signal, the power divider has the maximum return loss at the output port in the whole operating passbandUp to 21dB, return lossThe absolute bandwidth of over 10dB is 380MHz, the relative bandwidth is 15.6 percent, and the isolation of the two output portsUp to 30dB, isolationThe absolute bandwidth of more than 10dB is 360MHZ, the relative bandwidth is 14.8%, and simulation results show that the output ports are well matched in the whole working passband, and the isolation between the output ports can well meet engineering requirements.

Referring to fig. 6, in the present embodiment, under the excitation of the common mode signal, the return loss of the input port is within the whole frequency band from 1GHz to 12GHzLess than or equal to 0.5dB, common mode insertion lossAnd a cross dieAre all above 20dB and have common-mode insertion loss in the frequency band of 1GHz-9GHzAnd a cross dieThe power divider has the advantages that the common-mode rejection bandwidth is wider and the simulation result shows that the power divider has the advantages of being higher than 40dBHas high common mode rejection characteristics.

While the invention has been particularly shown and described with reference to exemplary embodiments thereof, it will be understood by those skilled in the art that various changes in form and details may be made therein without departing from the spirit and scope of the invention.