阅读说明：本技术 一种含油污泥无害化资源化处理方法 (Harmless recycling treatment method for oily sludge ) 是由 郑小伦 吴健 陈锋 周志江 董国君 于 2020-04-22 设计创作，主要内容包括：本发明是针对含油污泥的一种无害化资源化处理方法,本发明在于可将含油污泥不经过脱水絮凝等特殊处理步骤,直接作为水煤浆的原料使用,根据水分的多少,将含油污泥先成浆,再与水煤浆进行混合,本发明直接利用含油污泥中的水分设计成浆,还可以进一步省去污水处理的步骤,充分利用含油污泥的热量、水分,最后通过气化炉高温气化协同处理,从而实现含油污泥无害化资源化处置。本发明操作简单、能耗少,成本低,无二次污染,可变废为宝,经济实用,具有较好的经济效益和环保价值,应用前景广阔。(The invention is a harmless resource treatment method for oil-containing sludge, the invention can directly use the oil-containing sludge as the raw material of coal water slurry without special treatment steps such as dehydration and flocculation, and the oil-containing sludge is firstly slurried and then mixed with the coal water slurry according to the amount of water. The method has the advantages of simple operation, less energy consumption, low cost, no secondary pollution, capability of changing waste into valuable, economy and practicality, better economic benefit and environmental protection value and wide application prospect.)

1. The harmless and resource treatment method of the oily sludge is characterized by comprising the following steps:

(1) pretreating oil-containing sludge;

(2) preparing coal water slurry: mixing and stirring coal powder, an additive and water to prepare coal water slurry;

(3) preparing oil-containing slurry coal slurry: mixing and stirring the oily sludge obtained in the step (1) and the coal water slurry obtained in the step (2) to prepare oily sludge water coal slurry;

(4) and (4) carrying out gasification reaction on the oil-containing slurry coal slurry prepared in the step (3).

2. The method for harmless resource treatment of the oily sludge according to claim 1, wherein the oily sludge slurry comprises the following components in parts by weight: 10-20 parts of oily sludge, 50-56 parts of coal powder, 0.3-0.5 part of additive and 0-34.5 parts of water.

3. The method for harmless resource utilization of oily sludge as claimed in claim 1, wherein said pretreatment in step (1) is to filter out particles with a particle size of more than 1 mm; directly mixing the oil-containing sludge with the solid content of 10-30% with the coal water slurry; the oily sludge with the solid content of more than 30 percent is heated or added with water and then mixed with the coal water slurry.

4. The method for harmless resource treatment of oily sludge according to claim 1, wherein the additive in the step (2) is prepared from the following raw materials in parts by weight: 50-100 parts of lignosulfonate, 5-10 parts of acrylic acid, 5-10 parts of sodium bisulfite, 5-20 parts of acrylate and 30-50 parts of naphthalenesulfonate.

5. The harmless resource treatment method of oily sludge according to claim 1, wherein the pulverized coal in the step (2) is shenmuke, and the particle size of the pulverized coal is less than or equal to 1 mm.

6. The method as claimed in claim 1, wherein the mixing and stirring speed in steps (2) and (3) is 200-600rpm, and the stirring time is 5-20 min.

7. The method for harmless resource treatment of oily sludge according to claim 1, wherein the viscosity of the mixed water-coal-slurry prepared in the step (3) is lower than 800mPa.s, and the final solid content is 55-62%.

8. The method for harmless resource treatment of oily sludge according to claim 1, wherein the gasification reaction temperature in step (4) is 1100-1500 ℃, the gasification pressure is 0.8-4.0MPa, and the gasification reaction time is 6-10 s.

Technical Field

The invention relates to the field of environmental protection and petrochemical coal gasification, in particular to a harmless recycling treatment method for oily sludge, which has the advantages of simple operation, low energy consumption, low cost and no secondary pollution.

Background

The oil sludge mainly refers to oil-containing sludge formed by crude oil or other oil products, soil and the like due to various reasons, oil-containing silt and the like carried out by a system in normal production of an oil field, and is solid waste rich in mineral oil, and the main components of the oil sludge are crude oil, mud and water. The solid particle size may range from less than a few microns to several inches, mostly between 1 and 100 microns, the composition of the oil depending on the crude oil type, refinery configuration and operating conditions, and the composition of the sludge may vary over time. The sludge usually contains a certain amount of crude oil (concentration mass 5-80%), heavy metal ions (such as iron, copper, nickel and the like) and inorganic salt compounds (concentration mass 5-20%), and the like. These oil sludges generally contain benzene series, phenols and other substances, along with malodor and toxicity, and if the oil sludges directly contact with the natural environment, the oil sludges, acidifies or alkalifies the land, so that the soil and the soil texture structure are changed, the growth of plant roots is hindered, water and vegetation are greatly polluted, and meanwhile, the waste of oil resources is also implied.

In petroleum refining enterprises and oil field ground treatment systems, crude oil or finished oil is stored in a storage tank for a long time, inorganic impurities such as high-melting-point wax, asphaltene, colloid and entrained silt in the crude oil and water can be changed into precipitates together, and oily sludge is formed at the bottom of the tank. The oil-containing sludge at the tank bottom is rich in organic matters and complex in components, easily causes environmental pollution and is difficult to reuse, the oil sludge at the tank bottom is a heavy burden of oil field enterprises all the time, and the oil sludge at the tank bottom has great harm to the environment and is confirmed to belong to dangerous waste in the national hazardous waste record at present. The oily sludge must be treated.

The prior technology for treating the oily sludge mainly comprises resource recovery, harmless treatment, comprehensive utilization technology and the like. The resource recovery treatment technology comprises a solvent extraction method, a water washing method, a microemulsion washing method, a demulsification method and the like. The harmless treatment technology of the oil sludge comprises the technologies of immobilization treatment, biological treatment, incineration and the like. Comprehensive utilization techniques include pyrolysis, brick-making paving, and other uses. The treatment technology of the oil sludge is various, and each method has respective advantages and disadvantages and application range. With the increasingly strict and perfect environmental protection regulations, the oil field oil-containing sludge treatment technology draws high attention, and the oil-containing sludge treatment technology with harmlessness, recycling and comprehensive utilization becomes a necessary trend for the development of the oil sludge treatment technology.

The treatment technology of the oily sludge is numerous, but different problems exist, such as a hot water washing method, the oily sludge with serious emulsification is difficult to treat, and secondary pollution can be generated; the burning method can reduce the treatment to the maximum extent, but the low heat utilization rate has requirements on the heat value of the raw materials and can generate dust and gas pollution; the dissolution extraction method has the defects of high cost, high treatment cost, loss in the process, long treatment period of the biological treatment method, poor treatment effect on partial organic matters, incapability of utilizing resources and the like. Therefore, a method which has high applicability, low cost and can effectively utilize resources is needed.

China patent 'method for producing synthesis gas by taking oil sludge as raw material' (application number: CN201010222414.0) proposes a method for producing synthesis gas by taking oil sludge as raw material, and pretreated oil sludge and coal water slurry are mixed and enter a gasification furnace for gasification.

Chinese patent ' a method for harmless treatment of dewatered coal slurry of oily sludge ' (application number: 201710110330.X) ' adds flocculant to oil sludge, dries and dehydrates the oil sludge, and then uses the oil sludge as a raw material to carry out pulping gasification. The oily sludge is required to be dehydrated, the energy consumption in the process is high, and the oily sludge with low concentration is not suitable for oily sludge.

Chinese patent 'a compound water washing agent for extracting crude oil from waste oil sludge' (application No. CN100386271C) introduces a compound water washing agent prepared from raw materials such as an anionic surfactant (sodium dodecyl sulfate), a nonionic surfactant (fatty alcohol-polyoxyethylene ether and alkylphenol ethoxylate), an auxiliary agent (sodium carboxymethylcellulose), a solvent (propylene glycol methyl ether acetate), water and the like. Under normal temperature and pressure, the oil content of the oil sludge is less than 1 percent after the oil sludge is treated.

The Niren minister (journal of national university of southwest (Nature science edition), volume 29 and increase in 2003, 17-18) reports a low-cost solidification and incineration innocent treatment technology for oil sludge sand, after oil sludge is collected, oil sludge is solidified by using a curing agent for special equipment, the solidified oil-containing sludge sand and boiler coal are mixed and enter a boiler for combustion, the waste residue after combustion is used as a building material waste residue, and the waste gas is discharged into the atmosphere after dust removal of a coal-fired boiler dust removal system reaches the standard.

The existing mud oil treatment methods have the defects of complex process, high treatment cost, low utilization of effective components and the like.

Disclosure of Invention

Aiming at the defects in the prior art, the invention discloses a harmless resource treatment method suitable for oily sludge with different components. After the collected oily sludge is pretreated, large impurity (larger than 1mm) particles are filtered out, and the rest is used as gasification pulping raw materials to be prepared into coal water slurry for a gasification furnace together with coal.

In order to achieve the purpose, the invention adopts the following technical scheme:

a harmless resource treatment method for oily sludge comprises the following steps:

(1) pretreating oil-containing sludge;

(2) preparing coal water slurry: mixing and stirring coal powder, an additive and water to prepare coal water slurry;

(3) preparing oil-containing slurry coal slurry: mixing and stirring the oily sludge obtained in the step (1) and the coal water slurry obtained in the step (2) to prepare oily sludge water coal slurry;

(4) and (4) carrying out gasification reaction on the oil-containing slurry coal slurry prepared in the step (3).

In the invention, the oily sludge with the solid content of less than 10 percent has the main component of water and low solid content, can be used as water and coal powder to prepare the coal water slurry, is designed into the slurry concentration, ensures the gasification performance, and can be prepared into the coal water slurry with stable performance.

The solid content is between 10 and 30 percent, the oily sludge which can flow well can be directly mixed with the fully mixed coal water slurry according to the designed concentration, the solid content is higher than 30 percent, the viscosity of the oily sludge which is difficult to flow is reduced after the oily sludge is heated at 60 to 80 ℃, the fluidity of the oily sludge is improved, the oily sludge and the coal water slurry are scientifically and reasonably mixed, the oily sludge is added into the mixed coal water slurry, the mixture is stirred into slurry, and the prepared mixed slurry has low viscosity, better fluidity and better stability.

And finally, the sludge is sent into a gasification furnace for high-temperature gasification to generate heat value gas, so that harmless recycling treatment of the sludge is realized.

Preferably, the oil-containing slurry coal slurry comprises the following components in parts by weight: 10-20 parts of oily sludge, 50-56 parts of coal powder, 0.3-0.5 part of additive and 0-34.5 parts of water.

Preferably, the pretreatment in step (1) is to filter out particles with a particle size of more than 1 mm; directly mixing the oil-containing sludge with the solid content of 10-30% with the coal water slurry; the oily sludge with the solid content of more than 30 percent is heated or added with water and then mixed with the coal water slurry.

Preferably, the additive in the step (2) is prepared from the following raw materials in parts by weight: 50-100 parts of lignosulfonate, 5-10 parts of acrylic acid, 5-10 parts of sodium bisulfite, 5-20 parts of acrylate and 30-50 parts of naphthalenesulfonate.

The lignosulfonate can be selected from a series of lignosulfonate such as sodium lignosulfonate, calcium lignosulfonate or ammonium lignosulfonate; the acrylate can be selected from sodium acrylate, potassium acrylate or magnesium acrylate; the naphthalenesulfonate can be selected from a series of acrylates such as sodium naphthalenesulfonate, potassium naphthalenesulfonate or calcium naphthalenesulfonate.

The acrylic acid grafted on the lignosulfonate macromolecules contains carboxyl with strong electron-withdrawing capability, so that hydrogen bonds are easily formed with the surfaces of coal particles, and meanwhile, the hydrophobicity of the surfaces of the coal particles is reduced, so that the viscosity of the coal water slurry is reduced.

Preferably, the coal powder in the step (2) is the nakedflower coal, and the particle size of the coal powder is less than or equal to 1 mm.

Preferably, in the step (2) and the step (3), the rotation speed of mixing and stirring is 200-600rpm, and the stirring time is 5-20 min.

Preferably, the viscosity of the mixed water-coal-slurry prepared in the step (3) is lower than 800mPa.s, and the final solid content is 55-62%.

Preferably, the gasification reaction temperature in the step (4) is 1100-1500 ℃, the gasification pressure is 0.8-4.0MPa, and the gasification reaction time is 6-10 s. The organic matters in the oily sludge are fully decomposed and gasified, and a small amount of heavy metals in the sludge can be solidified in the glassy gasification slag, so that the harmless treatment is realized.

The invention has the beneficial effects that: the invention can directly use the oily sludge as the raw material of the coal water slurry by adjusting the slurry forming sequence without special treatment steps, energy consumption dehydration, flocculant addition and the like, can further save the step of sewage treatment according to the amount of water, and fully utilizes the heat and the water of the oily sludge. When the mixed slurry is prepared, in order to avoid high viscosity, the coal water slurry is prepared first, and then the oil-containing slurry is added for mixing, so that the viscosity of the slurry is reduced. And meanwhile, the prepared mixed slurry is gasified by using a gasification furnace, and finally, harmless resource treatment of the oily sludge is realized. The method has the advantages of simple operation, less energy consumption, low cost, no secondary pollution, capability of changing waste into valuable, economy and practicality, better economic benefit and environmental protection value and wide application prospect.

Drawings

FIG. 1 is a process flow diagram of the present invention.

Detailed Description

The invention is further illustrated by the following specific examples, but the invention is not thereby limited within the scope of the examples.