阅读说明：本技术 一种主动推力平衡式轴系纵向减振装置 (Active thrust balance type shafting longitudinal vibration damper ) 是由 李全超 刘伟 周睿 肖清 李燎原 于 2020-04-24 设计创作，主要内容包括：本发明公开了一种主动推力平衡式轴系纵向减振装置,包括套装在推力轴上并与推力轴密封配置的壳体、安设在壳体内的推力块、与推力块相对设置的纵向减振结构、与减振结构相配置的液压管路、液压机、推力检测控制模块,所述推力块与推力轴相抵接,所述纵向减振结构包括活塞缸、活塞杆、减振元件、活塞缸端盖,所述活塞杆的一端伸出活塞缸外与推力块相抵接,另一端置入活塞缸内,所述减振元件的一端与活塞杆相抵接,另一端与活塞缸端盖相抵接。通过本装置在舱内提供反向的等效的静推力,补偿螺旋桨和深水压力给轴系带来的静推力,使得减振元件仅传递并衰减螺旋桨脉动激励力,对桨轴系统的纵向振动控制向大幅低频扩展。(The invention discloses an active thrust balance type shafting longitudinal vibration damper, which comprises a shell, a thrust block, a longitudinal vibration damping structure, a hydraulic pipeline, a hydraulic machine and a thrust detection control module, wherein the shell is sleeved on a thrust shaft and is hermetically arranged with the thrust shaft, the thrust block is arranged in the shell, the longitudinal vibration damping structure is arranged opposite to the thrust block, the hydraulic pipeline, the hydraulic machine and the thrust detection control module are arranged with the vibration damping structure, the thrust block is abutted against the thrust shaft, the longitudinal vibration damping structure comprises a piston cylinder, a piston rod, a vibration damping element and a piston cylinder end cover, one end of the piston rod extends out of the piston cylinder and is abutted against the thrust block, the other end of the piston rod is arranged in the piston cylinder. The device provides reverse equivalent static thrust in the cabin, compensates the static thrust brought by the propeller and the deepwater pressure to the shafting, enables the vibration reduction element to only transmit and attenuate the propeller pulsation excitation force, and expands the longitudinal vibration control of the propeller shaft system to a large extent at low frequency.)

1. The utility model provides a vertical damping device of initiative thrust balance formula shafting which characterized in that: the thrust block is abutted with the thrust shaft, the longitudinal vibration reduction structure comprises a piston cylinder, a piston rod, a vibration reduction element and a piston cylinder end cover, the piston rod is arranged with the piston cylinder, the vibration reduction element is arranged with the piston rod, the piston cylinder end cover is arranged with the end part of a piston cylinder, one end of the piston rod extends out of the piston cylinder and is abutted with the thrust block, the other end of the piston rod is arranged in the piston cylinder, one end of the vibration reduction element is abutted with the piston rod, the other end of the vibration reduction element is abutted with the piston rod end cover, the piston cylinder end cover is connected with the shell, the hydraulic pipeline is communicated with an inner cavity of the piston cylinder, and the thrust detection control module acquires a shafting rotating speed signal and a submersible vehicle submersible depth signal, the thrust borne by the shafting is converted by the processor, the servo hydraulic machine is controlled to apply hydraulic pressure, and the reverse thrust is actively applied to the thrust block through the piston rod to balance the thrust of the shafting.

2. The active thrust balancing shafting longitudinal vibration damping device according to claim 1, wherein: and the energy accumulator is also arranged and is connected with the hydraulic pipeline.

3. The active thrust balancing shafting longitudinal vibration damping device according to claim 1 or 2, wherein: the longitudinal vibration reduction structure is arranged in the support lantern ring, a support bearing bush is arranged in the support lantern ring, and a thrust shaft is sleeved in the support bearing bush.

4. The active thrust balancing shafting longitudinal vibration damping device according to claim 3, wherein: the longitudinal vibration reduction structures are a plurality of and are uniformly distributed along the circumferential direction of the support lantern ring.

5. The active thrust balancing shafting longitudinal vibration damping device according to claim 3, wherein: the supporting lantern ring is a lantern ring-shaped structure, one end of the supporting lantern ring is provided with an opening, and the other end of the supporting lantern ring is provided with a piston rod penetrating hole.

6. The active thrust balancing shafting longitudinal vibration damping device according to claim 3, wherein: the thrust blocks are arranged at the circumferential positions of the end parts of the shaft shoulders, and the circumferential arrangement positions and the number of the thrust blocks correspond to those of the vibration damping structures.

7. The active thrust balancing shafting longitudinal vibration damping device according to claim 1 or 2, wherein: and two ends of the shell are respectively sealed and configured with the thrust shaft through end face oil seals.

8. The active thrust balancing shafting longitudinal vibration damping device according to claim 1 or 2, wherein: and a lubricating oil inlet and outlet for inputting and outputting lubricating oil of the thrust bearing is arranged on the shell.

9. The active thrust balancing shafting longitudinal vibration damping device according to claim 1 or 2, wherein: and a gap is formed between the piston rod and the piston cylinder end cover.

10. The active thrust balancing shafting longitudinal vibration damping device according to claim 1 or 2, wherein: the vibration reduction element is a vibration reduction spring sleeved on the rod body of the piston rod.

Technical Field

The invention relates to ship main shaft system equipment, in particular to an active thrust balance type shafting longitudinal vibration damper.

Background

The longitudinal vibration of the propulsion system is one of the important sources of low-frequency vibration noise of the stern of a ship, the vibration mainly has low frequency, the strength of the vibration is closely related to the dynamic characteristics of a shafting, and the longitudinal vibration of the propulsion system and the coupling vibration of the longitudinal vibration of the propulsion system and the stern structure of a ship body, which are mainly caused by the exciting force of a propeller, need to be controlled in order to improve the comfort and the sound stealth of the ship. The ship shafting thrust transmission channel is also a propeller pulse excitation force transmission channel, the shafting longitudinal vibration control is generally realized by connecting a vibration reduction structure in series on the thrust transmission channel, the shafting longitudinal rigidity is controlled through the design of the vibration reduction structure while the shafting static thrust is transmitted, and the shafting longitudinal natural frequency is adjusted, so that the vibration response of a non-resonance area is reduced.

The longitudinal vibration model of the shafting can be simplified into a single-degree-of-freedom system, and the dynamic stiffness of the vibration reduction structure is a determining factor of the vibration characteristic of the single-degree-of-freedom system. The linear vibration isolation theory shows that the system can exert the vibration isolation effect when the natural frequency of the system is lower than the excitation frequency 1/V2. The longitudinal vibration control of the shafting mainly takes a low-frequency section, generally a range not exceeding 100Hz as a control object, and theoretically, the lower the longitudinal dynamic stiffness of the system is, the lower the longitudinal first-order natural frequency is, and the more beneficial the low-frequency longitudinal vibration reduction of the system is. This requires a lower dynamic stiffness of the propeller shaft system.

For a conventional vibration damping structure, such as rubber and a disc spring, energy loss is generated due to a certain damping effect under a dynamic load, the dynamic stiffness of the conventional vibration damping structure is generally greater than the static stiffness (namely, the dynamic-static ratio of the stiffness is greater than 1), and the optimal state of a spiral spring can only be close to 1. The low dynamic stiffness requirement of the propeller shaft system means that the system must have a lower static stiffness.

However, due to the existence of shafting propulsion load, the reduction of the static stiffness of the system causes the increase of the longitudinal displacement of the shafting, which is extremely unfavorable for the normal use of related equipment such as sealing devices, couplings, gear boxes and the like, particularly for special ship equipment such as a submersible, the static thrust of outboard seawater needs to be borne, and the static water thrust is gradually increased along with the depth of the submersible, even is several times of the thrust of a propeller. The thrust makes the longitudinal shift displacement of the shafting possibly exceed the use limit of related equipment, so that the longitudinal shift displacement of the shafting needs to be reduced.

The contradiction between the low dynamic stiffness and the low longitudinal float displacement becomes the bottleneck of the shafting passive vibration isolation technology, and the low-frequency vibration isolation control range and the use effect of the propeller shaft system are limited

Disclosure of Invention

The technical problem to be solved by the invention is to provide an active thrust balance type shafting longitudinal vibration damper aiming at the defects in the prior art, which can provide reverse equivalent thrust borne by a shafting, balance static thrust for the shafting from propellers, water pressure and the like, enable a vibration damper element to only bear propeller excitation pulsating force, effectively separate static load force and dynamic excitation force, enable the shafting longitudinal vibration damping to be not limited by the bearing capacity of the vibration damper element any more, and enable the shafting longitudinal vibration control to be greatly expanded to low frequency even ultralow frequency.

The technical scheme adopted by the invention is as follows: the utility model provides a vertical damping device of initiative thrust balance formula shafting which characterized in that: the thrust block is fixedly connected with the thrust shaft, the longitudinal vibration reduction structure comprises a piston cylinder, a piston rod, a vibration reduction element and a piston cylinder end cover, the piston rod is arranged with the piston cylinder, the vibration reduction element is arranged with the piston rod, the piston cylinder end cover is arranged with the end part of a piston cylinder, one end of the piston rod extends out of the piston cylinder and is abutted against the thrust block, the other end of the piston rod is arranged in the piston cylinder, one end of the vibration reduction element is abutted against the piston rod, the other end of the vibration reduction element is abutted against the piston cylinder end cover, the piston cylinder end cover is connected with the shell, the hydraulic pipeline is communicated with an inner cavity of the piston cylinder, and the thrust detection control module acquires a shafting rotating speed signal and a submersible vehicle submersible depth signal, the thrust borne by the shafting is converted by the processor, the servo hydraulic machine is controlled to apply hydraulic pressure, and the reverse thrust is actively applied to the thrust block through the piston rod to balance the thrust of the shafting.

According to the technical scheme, the hydraulic pump is further provided with an energy accumulator, and the energy accumulator is connected with the hydraulic pipeline.

According to the technical scheme, the longitudinal vibration reduction structure is arranged in the support lantern ring, the support bearing bush is arranged in the support lantern ring, and the thrust shaft is sleeved in the support bearing bush.

According to the technical scheme, the plurality of longitudinal vibration reduction structures are uniformly distributed along the circumferential direction of the support lantern ring.

According to the technical scheme, the supporting lantern ring is a lantern ring-shaped structure, one end of the supporting lantern ring is provided with an opening, and the other end of the supporting lantern ring is provided with a piston rod penetrating hole.

According to the technical scheme, the thrust blocks are arranged at the circumferential positions of the end parts of the shaft shoulders, and the circumferential arrangement positions and the number of the thrust blocks correspond to those of the vibration reduction structures.

According to the technical scheme, two ends of the shell are respectively sealed with the thrust shaft through end face oil seals.

According to the technical scheme, the shell is provided with the lubricating oil inlet and outlet for inputting and outputting the lubricating oil of the thrust bearing

According to the technical scheme, a gap is formed between the piston rod and the piston cylinder end cover.

According to the technical scheme, the damping element is a damping spring sleeved on the rod body of the piston rod.

The beneficial effects obtained by the invention are as follows: the invention is mainly installed on a main propulsion shaft system of a propeller shaft of a ship, provides reverse equivalent static thrust in a cabin, compensates the static thrust brought to the shaft system by the propeller and deep water pressure, and leads a vibration reduction element to only transmit and attenuate the pulsation excitation force of the propeller and to greatly expand the longitudinal vibration control of the propeller shaft system to low frequency; the energy accumulator is arranged, so that the phenomenon that pressure fluctuation is not generated in the dynamic excitation force transmission process can be avoided; a certain gap is formed between the piston rod and the piston cylinder end cover to limit the shafting from greatly jumping in an instantaneous impact state, so that the overload damage of equipment caused by the impact of the shafting is prevented, and the reliability of the device is further improved.

Drawings

Fig. 1 is a schematic view of a longitudinal vibration damping device of an active thrust balance type shafting according to an embodiment of the present invention.

3 FIG. 3 2 3 is 3 a 3 sectional 3 view 3 taken 3 along 3 line 3 A 3- 3 A 3 of 3 FIG. 3 1 3; 3

Fig. 3 is a schematic view of a longitudinal vibration damping structure provided in an embodiment of the present invention.

In the figure: 1. the device comprises a thrust shaft, 2, an end face oil seal, 3, a shell, 4, a thrust block, 5, a support lantern ring, 6, a longitudinal vibration reduction structure, 7, a support bearing bush, 8, a hydraulic pipeline, 9, an energy accumulator, 10, a servo hydraulic machine, 11, a thrust monitoring control module, 12, a piston rod, 13, a vibration reduction spring, 14, a piston cylinder, 15 and a piston cylinder end cover.

Detailed Description

The invention will be further explained with reference to the drawings.

As shown in fig. 1 and 2, the embodiment provides an active thrust balance type shafting longitudinal vibration damping device, which includes a housing 3 sleeved on a thrust shaft 1 and configured to be sealed with the thrust shaft 1, a thrust block 4 installed in the housing 3, a longitudinal vibration damping structure arranged opposite to the thrust block 4, a hydraulic pipeline 8 configured to the vibration damping structure, a servo hydraulic machine 10, and a thrust detection control module 11. The thrust bearing is characterized in that a support sleeve ring 5 is sleeved on the thrust shaft 1, the support sleeve ring 5 is sleeved on the thrust shaft 1 through a support bearing bush 7, the thrust block is of an arc-shaped block structure and is composed of eight or six blocks, the thrust block is uniformly distributed in the circumferential direction of the end part of the shaft shoulder, the front end of the thrust block 4 is abutted to the shaft shoulder of the thrust shaft 1, the rear end of the thrust block is in point contact (spherical contact) with the end point of a piston rod on the support sleeve ring, and the inner side and the outer side of the thrust block are limited through the support sleeve ring and the. The thrust block 4 and the support bearing bush 7 are arranged for ensuring the transmission of the thrust load and the weight load of the shafting from the rotating shafting to the static structure. The supporting lantern ring 5 is a lantern ring-shaped structure, one end of the supporting lantern ring is provided with an opening for installing a longitudinal vibration reduction structure, the other end of the supporting lantern ring is provided with a piston rod penetrating hole, the supporting lantern ring 5 is internally provided with longitudinal vibration reduction structures with the same number as the thrust blocks, and the longitudinal vibration reduction structures are uniformly distributed along the circumferential direction of the axis; the longitudinal vibration reduction structure comprises a piston cylinder 14, a piston rod 12 configured with the piston cylinder 14, a vibration reduction spring 13 sleeved on the piston rod, and a piston cylinder end cover 15 configured with the end part of the piston cylinder, one end of the piston rod 12 extends out of the piston cylinder and is abutted against the thrust block 4, the other end is arranged in the piston cylinder 14, one end of the vibration reduction spring 13 is abutted against the piston rod 12, the other end of the vibration reduction spring is abutted against the end cover of the piston cylinder 14, the end cover 15 of the piston cylinder is connected with the shell, the hydraulic pipeline 8 is communicated with the inner cavity of the piston cylinder through the penetrating hole in the shell 3 and the penetrating hole in the end cover of the piston cover, and hydraulic oil is filled in the hydraulic pipeline 8 between the piston rod 12 of the longitudinal vibration damping structure 6 and the servo hydraulic machine 10, so that the pressure of the hydraulic oil can be directly transmitted in the whole pipeline. And lubricating oil inlets and outlets are formed in the upper portion and the lower portion of the shell 3 and used for lubricating and cooling the thrust blocks 4 and the supporting bearing bushes 7. And end face oil seals 2 are arranged at two ends of the shell 3 and used for ensuring the sealing of lubricating oil in the cavity. The thrust detection control module 11 collects a shafting rotating speed signal and a submersible vehicle diving depth signal, converts (converts by a processor) the static thrust borne by the shafting through a propeller thrust characteristic curve, the submersible vehicle sealing surface structure size and the like, controls the pressure value of the servo hydraulic machine 10, actively applies reverse thrust to the thrust block 4 through the piston rod 12, actively balances the static thrust borne by the shafting, and realizes the transmission of the load force borne by the shafting.

In this embodiment, the thrust borne by the shafting mainly comprises two parts: 1) hydrostatic thrust brought by the extrusion of the cross section of the shafting through the cabin by seawater pressure outside the cabin and a static force component (generally called static thrust) in the propeller propulsion, and 2) dynamic excitation force applied to the shafting in the propeller propulsion process. The dynamic excitation force generated in the running process of the propeller shaft system is transmitted to the piston rod 12 through the thrust shaft and the thrust block, and then transmitted to the shell 3 through the damping spring 13, and further transmitted to the ship structure. According to this atress characteristic of shafting, thrust bearing is inside to set up two parts parallel structure and bears thrust jointly: 1) a longitudinal vibration reduction structure is arranged, and pressure is applied through the servo hydraulic machine 10, so that the piston rod generates reverse thrust to the thrust block, and static thrust borne by a shafting is balanced; 2) the vibration reduction spring 13 is arranged, the vibration reduction spring 13 transmits pulsating force components in propeller exciting force, and the isolation of longitudinal vibration of a shafting can be realized through the rigidity design of the vibration reduction element. Because the damping spring only bears the pulsating force component and does not bear the shafting static load, the design rigidity can be greatly reduced, and the longitudinal vibration control of the shafting can be greatly expanded to a low frequency band (within 10 Hz) or even an ultra-low frequency band (within 5 Hz).

In this embodiment, an accumulator 9 is further provided, and the accumulator 9 is connected to the hydraulic line 8. The energy accumulator 9 arranged between the pipelines can accommodate pressure fluctuation generated in the micro-pulsation process of the shafting, so that the pressure in the pipelines is not influenced by the micro-pulsation of the shafting. The arrangement described above ensures that the reverse thrust exerted by the piston rod 12 on the thrust block 4 is stable. In addition, the piston cylinder-energy accumulator-servo hydraulic press system is theoretically equivalent to a system which is connected with a set of rigidity elements with zero dynamic rigidity and extremely high static rigidity in parallel, so that the dynamic-static ratio parameters of the rigidity of the system are greatly reduced.

In this embodiment, a certain gap is provided between the piston rod 12 and the end cover 15 inside the longitudinal vibration reduction structure to limit the shaft system from moving greatly in an instantaneous impact state, and prevent the equipment from being damaged due to overload caused by shaft system impact.

In summary, the above description is only a preferred embodiment of the present invention, and is not intended to limit the scope of the present invention. Any modification, equivalent replacement, or improvement made within the spirit and principle of the present invention should be included in the protection scope of the present invention.