阅读说明：本技术 一种茶园广翅蜡蝉种类的鉴别方法以及着卵量的获得方法 (Method for identifying variety of allamanda cathartica in tea garden and method for obtaining egg laying amount ) 是由 金银利 马全朝 耿书宝 乔利 张方梅 潘鹏亮 尹健 于 2020-04-03 设计创作，主要内容包括：本发明提供了一种茶园广翅蜡蝉种类的鉴别方法以及着卵量的获得方法,属于广翅蜡蝉分类鉴别技术领域,所述方法包括以下步骤：1)采集具有广翅蜡蝉产卵刻痕的茶树枝条；2)测量所述茶树枝条的直径和茶树枝条上产卵刻痕顶端至芽头的距离；并观察产卵刻痕的状态；通过产卵枝条直径、刻痕顶端至芽头的距离以及产卵刻痕的状态鉴别茶园广翅蜡蝉的种类；简单、快捷,能够实现茶园广翅蜡蝉种类的快速鉴别,并通过茶树枝条上的着卵刻痕范围长度的测量获得着卵量。(The invention provides a method for identifying the variety of allamanda cathartica in a tea garden and a method for obtaining egg laying amount, belonging to the technical field of classification and identification of allamanda cathartica, and the method comprises the following steps: 1) collecting tea tree branches with broad-fin wax cicada oviposition nicks; 2) measuring the diameter of the tea tree branch and the distance from the top end of the oviposition nick on the tea tree branch to the bud head; observing the state of spawning nicks; identifying the variety of the allamanda cathartica in the tea garden according to the diameter of the spawning branch, the distance from the top end of the nick to the bud head and the spawning nick state; the method is simple and rapid, can realize rapid identification of the variety of the allamanda cathartica in the tea garden, and obtains the egg laying amount by measuring the length of the egg laying nick range on the branch of the tea tree.)

1. The method for identifying the variety of the allamanda cathartica in the tea garden comprises the following steps:

1) collecting tea tree branches with broad-fin wax cicada oviposition nicks;

2) measuring the diameter of the tea tree branch and the distance from the top end of the oviposition nick on the tea tree branch to the bud head; observing the state of spawning nicks;

when the diameter of the tea tree branch is 0.22-0.32 cm, the distance from the top end of a spawning nick on the tea tree branch to a bud head is 2.66-11.78 cm, the spawning nick on the tea tree branch is uniformly exposed by a layer of wood wool, overwintering eggs are alternately arranged in two rows of carving grooves in the tea branch, and a wood part is separated in the middle; the allamanda cathartica laying eggs on the branches of the tea trees is a persimmon allamanda cathartica;

when the diameter of the tea tree branch is 0.19-0.27 cm, the distance from the top end of the oviposition nick on the tea tree branch to the bud head is 1.17-6.27 cm; the single spawning nick on the branch of the tea tree exposes wood shred scraps, and the wintering eggs are arranged in the tea branch in an alternate and cyclic manner; the allamanda cathartica laying eggs on the branches of the tea trees is a scholar cathartica;

when the diameter of the tea tree branch is 0.19-0.27 cm, the distance from the top end of the oviposition nick on the tea tree branch to the bud head is 1.17-6.27 cm; the tea tree branches are not covered by white wax silk outside the spawning nicks, wood silk scraps are exposed, the overwintering eggs are arranged in the tea branches in a double-row alternate and alternate mode, and the broad-fin wax cicadas spawning on the tea tree branches are eight-point broad-fin wax cicadas.

2. The method for identifying according to claim 1, wherein the measuring of the diameter of the tea tree branch and the distance from the top of the oviposition nick to the bud head on the tea tree branch in step 2) is performed using a vernier caliper.

3. The identification method according to claim 1, wherein the observation of the state of the egg-laying score in step 2) is performed using a microscope.

4. The method for obtaining the egg laying amount of the eight-point allamanda cathartica on the branches of the tea trees is characterized by measuring the length of the nick range of the branches of the tea trees and calculating according to a standard curve to obtain the egg laying amount of the branches of the tea trees; the standard curve is as follows: y is 10.59x, R²0.96, wherein x is the length of the nick range of the tea tree branch, and the unit is as follows: cm; y is the amount of eggs laid, unit: and (4) granulating.

Technical Field

The invention belongs to the technical field of classification and identification of allamanda scholaris, and particularly relates to a method for identifying the type of allamanda scholaris in a tea garden and a method for obtaining egg laying amount.

Background

The Xinyang Maojian tea is one of ten famous teas in China, has long production history, is reputed at home and abroad, can be called as a fine green tea product, is named as Maojian tea due to the fine and round shape, has a peak tip and is covered by pekoe, and is named as Xinyang Maojian tea due to the fact that the Xinyang Maojian tea is produced mainly in Henan province. In recent years, the rapid development of the "Xinyang Maojian" green tea industry has led to a rapid expansion of tea garden area, and various problems have arisen in tea garden management including tea garden construction, variety selection, pest control, and the like. Meanwhile, with the change of climatic conditions, tea tree cultivation modes, tea garden ecological environments and the like, the distribution range of the broad-wing wax cicadas of the tea trees is enlarged year by year, the pests are aggravated year by year, and the broad-wing wax cicadas of the tea trees are raised to be one of the main pests in the Xinyang tea garden at present. The broad-wing wax cicadas of the tea trees damage young tips and young leaves of the tea trees by sucking nymphs and adults, the growth of the young tips of the tea trees is influenced, poor growth and fine germination of the tea trees are caused, and even the young tips and leaves of the tea trees are atrophied and shed. White wax is secreted by the dorsum and the abdomen of the nymph stage of the insect, honeydew is excreted, leaves and branch tips are polluted, the occurrence of tea tree diseases is caused, adults pierce the phloem of the branch of the tea tree with an ovipositor to lay eggs, the normal transportation of the moisture and nutrients of the tea tree is prevented, the emergence stage of the insect is early, the duration is long, the growth of the tea tree is seriously influenced, and the yield and the quality of tea are reduced.

The broad-wing Cercosphacidae (Ricaniidae) belongs to the Hemiptera Cercosphacidae (Fulgoroidea) and is a medium-sized group, and part of the species are important pests in agriculture and forestry. The head (including compound eye) of the insect is equal to the width of the anterior chest backboard, the wing is in a wide triangle shape, and has a relatively obvious anterior membrane, the anterior chest backboard has a middle ridge, two sides of the middle ridge are respectively provided with a point, and the anterior chest backboard is wide and has 5 obvious longitudinal ridges. At present, about 450 kinds of paradisia manshuriensis are known all over the world, and about 37 kinds of paradisia manshuriensis are recorded in China. The insects of the allamanda cathartica are extremely widely distributed, except that the inner Mongolia is not found in China, other provinces report that the insects of the allamanda cathartica have wide host range, most of the allamanda cathartica are broad-leaved forest trees, mainly fruit trees and forest trees such as oranges, persimmons, pomegranates, pears, Chinese chestnuts, sweet osmanthus, privet, yellow poplar, hawthorn and the like, and the alla is harmful to tea gardens in recent years and has a tendency of rising year by year.

The allamanda cathartica passes through eggs, nymphs and adults all the life and belongs to a gradual metamorphosis insect. One or two generations occur in a year, and the eggs are used for overwintering. Spawning nicks on the branches seriously obstruct moisture and nutrient substance delivery of the branches, cause difficult tip-pulling and leaf-bearing, even cause the decline of the whole tree vigor in some cases, and the wounds are easy to be infected by germs to cause diseases, thereby accelerating the aging and degeneration of the tea garden.

At present, the harmful characteristics and the corresponding types of the broad-wing wax hoppers which lay eggs on tea branches and live through winter cannot be clearly distinguished, and great difficulty is brought to production and scientific research.

Disclosure of Invention

In view of the above, the present invention aims to provide a method for identifying the type of allamanda cathartica in a tea garden and a method for obtaining the egg laying amount; the identification method identifies the variety of the allamanda cathartica in the tea garden through the diameter of an oviposition branch, the distance from the top of a nick to a bud head and the state of the oviposition nick; the method is simple and rapid, can realize rapid identification of the variety of the allamanda cathartica in the tea garden, and obtains the egg laying amount by measuring the length of the egg laying nick range on the branch of the tea tree.

In order to achieve the above purpose, the invention provides the following technical scheme:

the invention provides a method for identifying the variety of allamanda cathartica in a tea garden, which comprises the following steps:

1) collecting tea tree branches with broad-fin wax cicada oviposition nicks;

2) measuring the diameter of the tea tree branch and the distance from the top end of the oviposition nick on the tea tree branch to the bud head; observing the state of spawning nicks;

when the diameter of the tea tree branch is 0.22-0.32 cm, the distance from the top end of a spawning nick on the tea tree branch to a bud head is 2.66-11.78 cm, the spawning nick on the tea tree branch is uniformly exposed by a layer of wood wool, overwintering eggs are alternately arranged in two rows of carving grooves in the tea branch, and a wood part is separated in the middle; the allamanda cathartica laying eggs on the branches of the tea trees is a persimmon allamanda cathartica;

when the diameter of the tea tree branch is 0.19-0.27 cm, the distance from the top end of the oviposition nick on the tea tree branch to the bud head is 1.17-6.27 cm; the single spawning nick on the branch of the tea tree exposes wood shred scraps, and the wintering eggs are arranged in the tea branch in an alternate and cyclic manner; the allamanda cathartica laying eggs on the branches of the tea trees is a scholar cathartica;

when the diameter of the tea tree branch is 0.19-0.27 cm, the distance from the top end of the oviposition nick on the tea tree branch to the bud head is 1.17-6.27 cm; the tea tree branches are not covered by white wax silk outside the spawning nicks, wood silk scraps are exposed, the overwintering eggs are arranged in the tea branches in a double-row alternate and alternate mode, and the broad-fin wax cicadas spawning on the tea tree branches are eight-point broad-fin wax cicadas.

Preferably, the diameter of the tea tree branch and the distance from the top end of the oviposition nick on the tea tree branch to the bud head are measured in the step 2) by using a vernier caliper.

Preferably, the observation of the state of the egg-laying score in step 2) is performed using a microscope.

The invention provides a method for obtaining egg laying amount of eight-point allamanda cathartica on tea tree branches, which comprises the steps of measuring the length of a nick range of the tea tree branches, and calculating and obtaining the egg laying amount of the tea tree branches according to a standard curve; the standard curve is as follows: y is 10.59x, R²0.96, wherein x is the length of the nick range of the tea tree branch, and the unit is as follows: cm; y is the amount of eggs laid, unit: and (4) granulating.

The invention has the beneficial effects that: the method for identifying the variety of the broad-fin wax cicadas in the tea garden provided by the invention identifies the variety of the broad-fin wax cicadas in the tea garden through the diameter of the spawning branch, the distance from the top end of the nick to the bud head and the state of the spawning nick, is simple and rapid, can realize rapid identification of the variety of the broad-fin wax cicadas in the tea garden, and obtains the egg laying amount through measurement of the length of the range of the egg laying nick.

Drawings

Fig. 1 shows the scored features of overwintering and egg laying of persimmon allamanda cathartica (r. sublibribata), wherein: a. b, marking the egg laying scores of the persimmon allamanda cathartica covered by the white wax thread; c. d, marking the egg laying scores of the persimmon allamanda cathartica covered by little or no white wax thread;

FIG. 2 shows the indented characteristics of overwintering and egg laying of eight-spotted allamanda cathartica (R. speculum), without white wax thread covering;

fig. 3 shows the overwintering egg-laying scored characteristics of allamanda scholaris (p. guttifera), wherein a: the tea branches are provided with spawning nicks covered by white wax filaments; b: spawning nicks covered by white wax threads are not formed on the withered tea branches; c: the spawning nick close to the bud of the tea tree;

FIG. 4 shows the arrangement of the overwintering eggs of the persimmon allamanda cathartica (R. sublibribata) in the branches of tea and the nicks thereof;

FIG. 5 shows the arrangement of the winter-over eggs of allamanda cathartica (R. speculum) in the branches of tea and the scores thereof;

FIG. 6 shows the arrangement of winter eggs of Paracicada calabash (P. guttifera) in tea branches and their scores;

FIG. 7 is the morphological characteristics of 3 kinds of adult allamanda cathartica in the tea garden;

FIG. 8 is the relationship between the length of the nick range of the egg laying tea branch of adult allamanda cathartica with eight points and the egg laying amount.

Detailed Description

The invention provides a method for identifying the variety of allamanda cathartica in a tea garden, which comprises the following steps: 1) collecting tea tree branches with broad-fin wax cicada oviposition nicks; 2) measuring the diameter of the tea tree branch and the distance from the top end of the oviposition nick on the tea tree branch to the bud head; observing the state of spawning nicks; when the diameter of the tea tree branch is 0.22-0.32 cm, the distance from the top end of a spawning nick on the tea tree branch to a bud head is 2.66-11.78 cm, the spawning nick on the tea tree branch is uniformly exposed by a layer of wood wool, overwintering eggs are alternately arranged in two rows of carving grooves in the tea branch, and a wood part is separated in the middle; the allamanda cathartica laying eggs on the branches of the tea trees is a persimmon allamanda cathartica; when the diameter of the tea tree branch is 0.19-0.27 cm, the distance from the top end of the oviposition nick on the tea tree branch to the bud head is 1.17-6.27 cm; the single spawning nick on the branch of the tea tree exposes wood shred scraps, and the wintering eggs are arranged in the tea branch in an alternate and cyclic manner; the allamanda cathartica laying eggs on the branches of the tea trees is a scholar cathartica; when the diameter of the tea tree branch is 0.19-0.27 cm, the distance from the top end of the oviposition nick on the tea tree branch to the bud head is 1.17-6.27 cm; the tea tree branches are not covered by white wax silk outside the spawning nicks, wood silk scraps are exposed, the overwintering eggs are arranged in the tea branches in a double-row alternate and alternate mode, and the broad-fin wax cicadas spawning on the tea tree branches are eight-point broad-fin wax cicadas.

In the invention, tea tree branches with broad-wing wax cicada oviposition nicks are collected. The source and the specific specification of the tea tree branch are not specially limited, and the tea tree branch with broad-wing wax cicada oviposition nicks in a tea garden is collected. The method for collecting the tea tree branches is not particularly limited, and the conventional collecting method in the field can be adopted.

The method comprises the steps of measuring the diameter of the tea tree branch and the distance from the top end of a spawning nick on the tea tree branch to a bud head, and observing the state of the spawning nick, wherein the diameter of the tea tree branch and the distance from the top end of the spawning nick on the tea tree branch to the bud head are preferably measured by a vernier caliper, and a ruler can also be used.

In the method, when the diameter of the tea tree branch is 0.22-0.32 cm, the distance from the top end of a spawning nick on the tea tree branch to a bud head is 2.66-11.78 cm, white wax filaments cover the spawning nick on the tea tree branch, after the white wax filaments are peeled off, a layer of wood filaments is uniformly exposed, overwintering eggs are alternately arranged in two rows of notches in the tea branch, and the middle part is separated from a wooden part; the allamanda cathartica laying eggs on the branches of the tea trees is persimmon allamanda cathartica.

When the diameter of the tea tree branch is 0.19-0.27 cm, the distance from the top end of the oviposition nick on the tea tree branch to the bud head is 1.17-6.27 cm; white wax filaments cover the spawning nicks on the tea tree branches, wood filament scraps are exposed, and the wintering eggs are arranged in the tea branches in an alternate and cyclic mode; the allamanda cathartica laying eggs on the branches of the tea trees is a scholar allamanda cathartica.

When the diameter of the tea tree branch is 0.19-0.27 cm, the distance from the top end of the oviposition nick on the tea tree branch to the bud head is 1.17-6.27 cm; the tea tree branches are not covered by white wax silk outside the spawning nicks, wood silk scraps are exposed, the overwintering eggs are arranged in the tea branches in a double-row alternate and alternate mode, and the broad-fin wax cicadas spawning on the tea tree branches are eight-point broad-fin wax cicadas.

The invention provides a method for obtaining egg laying amount of eight-point allamanda cathartica on tea tree branches, which comprises the steps of measuring the length of a nick range of the tea tree branches, and calculating and obtaining the egg laying amount of the tea tree branches according to a standard curve; the standard curve is as follows: y is 10.59x, R²0.96, wherein x is the length of the nick range of the tea tree branch, and the unit is as follows: cm; y is the amount of eggs laid, unit: and (4) granulating. In the invention, the preferable measurement of the length of the nicking range of the tea tree branches is carried out by using a vernier caliper or a straight ruler; the standard curve is obtained by measuring the lengths of a plurality of tea tree branches with eight-point broad-wing wax cicadas laying eggs and corresponding laying amount, taking the lengths of the tea tree branches as a horizontal coordinate and the corresponding laying amount as a vertical coordinate, and performing linear fitting.

The technical solutions provided by the present invention are described in detail below with reference to examples, but they should not be construed as limiting the scope of the present invention.