阅读说明：本技术 可扑灭铝渣燃烧的灭火剂及其制备方法和应用 (Fire extinguishing agent capable of extinguishing aluminum slag combustion and preparation method and application thereof ) 是由 余海军 钟应声 谢英豪 李长东 张学梅 于 2021-05-31 设计创作，主要内容包括：本发明属于灭火剂技术领域,公开了一种可扑灭铝渣燃烧的灭火剂及其制备方法和应用。该灭火剂包括以下原料：硫酸盐、氯盐、矿物、硅胶、表面活性剂、硬脂酸盐。本发明中灭火剂的主要材料为硫酸盐、氯盐,为废旧锂电池正极材料再合成过程中产生的高盐废水分离得到的含硫酸盐、氯盐的固废,含硫酸盐、氯盐的固废作为灭火剂的材料,能有效的将废弃资源进行循环利用。废旧锂电池正极材料合成过程中产生的废水量大,盐含量较高,分离、蒸发得到含硫酸盐、氯盐的固废较多,因此可作为大量制备灭火剂的主材料。(The invention belongs to the technical field of fire extinguishing agents, and discloses a fire extinguishing agent capable of extinguishing aluminum slag combustion and a preparation method and application thereof. The fire extinguishing agent comprises the following raw materials: sulfate, chloride, mineral, silica gel, surfactant, stearate. The fire extinguishing agent disclosed by the invention is mainly prepared from sulfate and chloride, is solid waste containing sulfate and chloride, which is obtained by separating high-salinity wastewater generated in the process of resynthesis of a waste lithium battery anode material, and is used as a material of the fire extinguishing agent, so that waste resources can be effectively recycled. The waste water generated in the synthesis process of the waste lithium battery anode material is large in amount and high in salt content, and more solid wastes containing sulfate and chloride are obtained through separation and evaporation, so that the waste lithium battery anode material can be used as a main material for preparing a large amount of fire extinguishing agents.)

1. The fire extinguishing agent capable of extinguishing aluminum slag combustion is characterized by comprising the following raw materials: sulfate, chloride, mineral, silica gel, surfactant, stearate.

2. The fire extinguishing agent for extinguishing aluminum dross combustion as recited in claim 1, wherein said sulfate is sodium sulfate, calcium sulfate; the chloride salt is sodium chloride or calcium chloride.

3. The fire extinguishing agent for extinguishing aluminum dross combustion as recited in claim 1, wherein the surfactant is polydimethylsiloxane.

4. The fire extinguishing agent for extinguishing aluminum dross combustion as recited in claim 1, wherein the stearate is one of sodium stearate, magnesium stearate, calcium stearate and zinc stearate.

5. The fire extinguishing agent for extinguishing aluminum dross combustion as recited in claim 1, wherein the mineral is at least one of quartz sand, quartzite, silica or opal.

6. The method for preparing the fire extinguishing agent capable of extinguishing aluminum dross combustion as recited in any one of claims 1 to 5, comprising the steps of:

(1) roasting the solid waste containing sulfate and chloride, adding water for dissolving, filtering to obtain filtrate, evaporating and crystallizing to obtain crystals;

(2) soaking the crystals in liquid nitrogen, mixing the soaked crystals with minerals and silica gel, and making into powder;

(3) and mixing and drying the powder, the surfactant and the stearate to obtain the fire extinguishing agent capable of extinguishing the combustion of the aluminum slag.

7. The preparation method according to claim 6, wherein in the step (1), the solid waste containing sulfate and chloride is obtained by membrane separation and evaporation of salt-containing wastewater generated in the process of resynthesis of the anode material of the waste lithium battery.

8. The preparation method according to claim 6, wherein in the step (1), the roasting temperature is 400-800 ℃, the roasting time is 0.5-3 h, and the roasting temperature rise speed is 10-30 ℃/min.

9. The preparation method according to claim 6, wherein in the step (2), the mass ratio of the crystals to the liquid nitrogen is 10 (1-3); in the step (2), the mass ratio of the crystals, the minerals and the silica gel is 100: (1-5): (1-2).

10. A fire extinguisher comprising the fire extinguishing agent for extinguishing aluminum dross combustion as claimed in any one of claims 1 to 5.

Technical Field

The invention belongs to the technical field of fire extinguishing agents, and particularly relates to a fire extinguishing agent capable of extinguishing aluminum slag combustion, and a preparation method and application thereof.

Background

The lithium battery material is widely applied to industries such as lithium battery manufacturing, 3C digital and new energy vehicles, industrial energy storage and the like, and simultaneously, more waste lithium batteries are generated. The waste lithium battery recovery treatment process comprises the following steps: discharging, dismantling, separating, high-temperature and wet metallurgy, and re-synthesizing of the positive electrode material, but acid, alkali, and water remain in the aluminum slag and the waste aluminum foil generated in the separation of the waste lithium battery material. The stacked aluminum slag reacts very violently when meeting acid, alkali and water, and because the stacked aluminum slag is stacked in an open place, a large amount of hydrogen is generated in a short time, and combustion and explosion are generated. The aluminum slag has the characteristics of high combustion temperature, high combustion spreading speed, high explosion power, high generated radiant heat, capability of reacting with air, water and carbon dioxide and the like, so that the aluminum slag in combustion is difficult to remove and isolate, and the fire disaster is very difficult to extinguish.

Disclosure of Invention

The present invention is directed to solving at least one of the problems of the prior art described above. The main materials of the fire extinguishing agent are sulfate and chloride, the sulfate and the chloride are solid wastes containing sulfate and chloride obtained by separating high-salt wastewater in the process of resynthesis of waste lithium battery anode materials, and the solid wastes containing the sulfate and the chloride can be effectively recycled as the material of the fire extinguishing agent.

In order to achieve the purpose, the invention adopts the following technical scheme:

a fire extinguishing agent capable of extinguishing aluminum slag combustion comprises the following raw materials: sulfate, chloride, mineral, silica gel, surfactant, stearate.

Preferably, the sulfate, the chloride, the mineral and the silica gel are prepared into powder.

Further preferably, the mass ratio of the powder, the surfactant and the stearate is 100: (1-5): (0.05-0.25).

Preferably, the sulfate is sodium sulfate or calcium sulfate.

Preferably, the chloride salt is sodium chloride or calcium chloride.

More preferably, the mass ratio of the sodium sulfate to the sodium chloride to the calcium sulfate to the calcium chloride is (50-80): (20-40): (2-10): (1-10).

Preferably, the mineral is at least one of quartz sand, quartzite, sandstone, silica or opal.

Preferably, the surfactant is polydimethylsiloxane.

Preferably, the stearate is one of sodium stearate, magnesium stearate, calcium stearate or zinc stearate.

A preparation method of a fire extinguishing agent capable of extinguishing aluminum slag combustion comprises the following steps:

(1) roasting the solid waste containing sulfate and chloride, adding water for dissolving, filtering to obtain filtrate, evaporating and crystallizing to obtain crystals;

(2) soaking the crystals in liquid nitrogen, mixing the soaked crystals with minerals and silica gel, and making into powder;

(3) and mixing and drying the powder, the surfactant and the stearate to obtain the fire extinguishing agent capable of extinguishing the combustion of the aluminum slag.

Preferably, in the step (1), the solid waste containing sulfate and chloride is obtained by membrane separation and evaporation of high-salt wastewater generated in the process of resynthesis of the anode material of the waste lithium battery.

More preferably, the main components of the solid waste containing sulfate and chloride are sodium sulfate and sodium chloride.

Preferably, in the step (1), the roasting temperature is 400-800 ℃, the roasting time is 0.5-3 h, and the roasting temperature rise speed is 10-30 ℃/min.

Preferably, in the step (1), the temperature of the water is 30-95 ℃; the mass ratio of the solid waste containing sulfate and chloride to water is (20-40): 100.

Preferably, in the step (1), the vacuum degree of evaporation is 0.02-0.06 MPa, and the evaporation amount is 400 kg/h.

Preferably, in the step (1), the aperture of the screen used for sieving is 200-400 meshes.

Preferably, in the step (2), the mass ratio of the crystals to the liquid nitrogen is 10: 1-3.

Preferably, in the step (2), the mass ratio of the crystals, the minerals and the silica gel is 100: (1-5): (1-2).

Preferably, in the step (2), the mineral is at least one of quartz sand, quartzite, sandstone, silica or opal.

Preferably, in the step (2), the silica gel is silica micropowder.

Preferably, in the step (2), the purity of the silica gel is analytically pure or more than or equal to 98%.

Preferably, in the step (2), the mixing time is 1-5 min, and the mixing rotation speed is 120-360 r/min.

Preferably, in the step (2), the grinding time is 15-60 min, and the rotation speed of a grinding machine used for grinding is 200-720 r/min.

Preferably, in step (2), the particle size of the ground powder is less than 100 μm.

Preferably, in the step (3), the mass ratio of the powder, the surfactant and the stearate is 100: (1-5): (0.05-0.25).

Preferably, in step (3), the surfactant is polydimethylsiloxane.

More preferably, the polydimethylsiloxane purity and stearate purity are analytically pure and above.

Preferably, in the step (3), the stearate is one of sodium stearate, magnesium stearate, calcium stearate or zinc stearate.

Preferably, in the step (3), the mixing temperature is 40-90 ℃, the mixing time is 30-60 min, and the rotating speed is 120-360 r/min.

Preferably, in the step (3), the drying is carried out until the water content is less than or equal to 2.5 percent.

The principle of extinguishing aluminum slag combustion by the fire extinguishing agent is as follows: firstly, coating, wherein the main components of the fire extinguishing agent are sulfate and chloride which do not have chemical reaction with burning metals (aluminum, iron, copper and alloy thereof), the fire extinguishing agent is physically coated by high-temperature melting, and auxiliary materials (minerals: quartz) added in the fire extinguishing agent have limited chemical reaction with burning aluminum slag to form non-combustible inert compounds, passivate the surface of the aluminum slag and generate chemical coating; secondly, the heat absorption is realized, the vibration of sodium sulfate and sodium chloride molecules is intensified at high temperature, and in order to reduce the constraint among molecules, the heat generated by metal combustion can be continuously absorbed in the melting process. Therefore, the combustion of the aluminum slag is isolated and choked through physical and chemical coating, and the fire extinguishing of the combustion of the aluminum slag is achieved along with heat absorption.

Compared with the prior art, the invention has the following beneficial effects:

1. the main materials of the fire extinguishing agent are sulfate and chloride, and are the main component salt of the wastewater generated in the process of resynthesis of the anode material of the waste lithium battery, the wastewater is used as the material of the fire extinguishing agent, so that the waste resources can be effectively recycled, and the selected auxiliary material, namely quartz minerals, comes from the nature, so that the production cost of the fire extinguishing agent can be reduced. The waste water generated in the process of resynthesis of the waste lithium battery anode material is large in amount and high in salt content, and more solid wastes containing sulfate and chloride are obtained through membrane separation and evaporation, so that the main material of the fire extinguishing agent can be prepared in a large scale.

2. The fire extinguishing agent has the dual fire extinguishing functions of physical fire extinguishing and chemical fire extinguishing: the main fire extinguishing components of the fire extinguishing agent, namely sodium sulfate and sodium chloride, do not have chemical reaction with the burning aluminum slag, and are only molten and physically covered, and other impurity salts in the solid waste containing sulfate and chloride, such as magnesium chloride, calcium chloride and the like, can also be used as effective components of the fire extinguishing agent; other auxiliary materials of the fire extinguishing agent have limited chemical reaction with the burning aluminum slag to form non-combustible inert compounds to passivate the surface of the aluminum for chemical covering.

3. After the crystal is treated by liquid nitrogen, the crystal structure of the crystal is unstable and is easy to destroy, so that after grinding treatment, the granularity of the powder is smaller, the surface area is increased, the surface energy is increased, and the burnt aluminum slag is easier to be physically and chemically covered, thereby improving the fire extinguishing efficiency of the fire extinguishing agent. The powder of the crystal after grinding is easy to absorb moisture, cause agglomeration, the polydimethylsiloxane added has hydrophobic property, and has the performance of enhancing moisture resistance to the fire extinguishing agent.

4. The surfactant is polydimethylsiloxane with good chemical stability and is characterized in that: strong surface activity, inertia, no poison and non-inflammability. Meanwhile, the surfactant can be stably and effectively exerted in systems of residual acid, residual alkali and the like in the aluminum slag, and cannot react or decompose with a combustion reaction system of the aluminum slag. The high chemical stability of the polydimethylsiloxane means high chemical inertness, the polydimethylsiloxane surfactant can be well compatible with powder, quartz minerals and stearate, and the stability among different materials is kept, because the polydimethylsiloxane has the hydrophobic capacity, the moisture absorption capacity of the fire extinguishing agent can be reduced.

5. The stearate mainly plays a role in reducing the agglomeration resistance among particles and strengthening the polydimethylsiloxane coated powder. The silica gel has a grinding aid effect, so that the friction force among particles can be reduced during grinding, the particle fluidity can be improved, the weight difference among particles made of different materials can be reduced, and the grinding is facilitated. The mineral provided by the invention has excellent electrical insulation performance, and the electrical insulation performance of the fire extinguishing agent can be ensured by adding the mineral into the fire extinguishing agent.

6. The fire extinguishing agent can replace the conventional D-class fire extinguishing agent product for extinguishing metal combustion, is filled into portable, trolley, hanging and other fire extinguisher bottles, and can be applied to metal fire extinguishment of iron, copper and other simple substances or alloys.

Drawings

FIG. 1 is a flow chart of the present invention for preparing a fire extinguishing agent for extinguishing aluminum dross combustion in example 1;

FIG. 2 is an SEM photograph of the fire extinguishing agent for extinguishing aluminum dross combustion in example 1 of the present invention.

Detailed Description

The concept and technical effects of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below in conjunction with the embodiments to fully understand the objects, features and effects of the present invention. It is obvious that the described embodiments are only a part of the embodiments of the present invention, and not all embodiments, and those skilled in the art can obtain other embodiments without inventive effort based on the embodiments of the present invention, and all embodiments are within the protection scope of the present invention.

Example 1

The preparation method of the fire extinguishing agent capable of extinguishing aluminum slag combustion comprises the following steps:

(1) collecting: 56kg of solid waste (salt-containing solid waste) containing sulfate and chloride is obtained by membrane separation and evaporation of high-salt wastewater generated in the process of resynthesis of the waste lithium battery cathode material;

(2) and (3) purification: heating solid waste containing sulfate and chloride to 400 ℃ at a heating rate of 10 ℃/min and roasting for 3h in a ventilation environment, adding the roasted solid waste into 65 ℃ deionized water for dissolving, wherein the mass ratio of the dissolved solid waste is 35:100, filtering by using a screen with the mesh size of 200 meshes to obtain a filtrate, filtering residues, evaporating the filtrate for 12min at a vacuum degree of 0.04MPa, cooling, crystallizing, and drying for 5d in an outdoor environment to obtain crystals (the sodium sulfate accounts for 57.10%, the sodium chloride accounts for 22.56%, the water accounts for 15.43%, the calcium sulfate accounts for 3.25%, and the calcium chloride accounts for 1.66%);

(3) grinding: soaking the crystal in liquid nitrogen at a mass ratio of the crystal to the liquid nitrogen of 10:1 until the liquid nitrogen is evaporated, and heating the crystal to room temperature, wherein the mass ratio of the crystal to the liquid nitrogen is 100: 2: adding the crystal, the minerals (quartz sand, quartzite and sandstone) and the micro silica gel powder of the 1 into a clean mixer with the rotating speed of 150r/min for mixing for 2min, adding the mixed mixture into a clean ball mill with the rotating speed of 480r/min for grinding for 45min, wherein the discharging time is 3min (the discharging amount is 0.5t/h, and the grinding mass is 27.6kg), and grinding to obtain powder with the granularity of less than 100 mu m;

(4) modification: and (2) mixing the following components in percentage by mass as 100: 1: 0.05 of powder, polydimethylsiloxane and sodium stearate are added into a clean drying mixer with the rotating speed of 150r/min, the temperature during mixing is set to be 70 ℃, the mixture is mixed for 35min and dried to obtain a fire extinguishing agent product, and the water content of the fire extinguishing agent product is 1.87% after drying is finished, so that the fire extinguishing agent capable of extinguishing aluminum slag combustion is obtained.

A method for extinguishing fire during aluminum slag combustion comprises the following specific steps:

(1) injecting the stored fire extinguishing agent into a dry storage tank, and simultaneously filling dry argon into the storage tank for storage, wherein the fire extinguishing agent: the volume ratio of the inert gas is 8:1, and the pressure of the storage tank is 2.5 MPa;

(2) the fire extinguishing agent in the storage tank is injected into a suspension type fire extinguisher with the specification of 10kg, 5kg of aluminum slag piles are stored in the aluminum slag storage tank, the distance between the fire extinguisher and the top of the aluminum slag piles is about 0.8m, and the size of the aluminum slag storage tank is 14m²(4m is 3.5m), igniting the aluminum slag, and spraying a fire extinguishing agent to extinguish the fire when the fire extinguisher senses the temperature of the fire of burning the aluminum slag.

FIG. 1 is a flow chart of the present invention for preparing a fire extinguishing agent for extinguishing aluminum dross combustion in example 1; as shown in figure 1, the fire extinguishing agent capable of extinguishing aluminum slag combustion is prepared by roasting solid waste containing sulfate and chloride, adding water for dissolution, adding liquid nitrogen for treatment, grinding, and adding minerals, superfine silica gel powder, polydimethylsiloxane and stearate. FIG. 2 is an SEM image of the fire extinguishing agent for extinguishing aluminum dross combustion in example 1 of the present invention, wherein the SEM image shows that large particles are powder and other small particles are attached to the powder.

Example 2

The preparation method of the fire extinguishing agent capable of extinguishing aluminum slag combustion comprises the following steps:

(1) collecting: high-salinity wastewater generated in the process of resynthesis of the anode material of the waste lithium battery is subjected to membrane separation and evaporation to obtain 91kg of solid waste containing sulfate and chloride;

(2) and (3) purification: heating solid waste containing sulfate and chloride to 550 ℃ at a heating rate of 18 ℃/min and roasting for 2h in a ventilation environment, adding the roasted solid waste into 65 ℃ deionized water for dissolving, wherein the mass ratio of the dissolved solid waste is 35:100, filtering by using a screen with the mesh size of 200 meshes to obtain a filtrate, filtering residues, evaporating the filtrate for 12min under the vacuum degree of 0.04MPa, cooling, crystallizing, and drying for 5d in an outdoor environment to obtain crystals (53.58% of sodium sulfate, 27.24% of sodium chloride, 11.69% of water, 5.98% of calcium sulfate and 1.51% of calcium chloride);

(3) grinding: soaking the crystal in liquid nitrogen at a mass ratio of the crystal to the liquid nitrogen of 10:2.5 until the liquid nitrogen is evaporated, heating the crystal to room temperature, adding the crystal, minerals (quartz sand, quartzite and sandstone) and silica gel micropowder at a mass ratio of 100:2.5:2 into a clean mixer at a rotation speed of 150r/min for mixing for 2min, adding the mixed mixture into a clean ball mill at a rotation speed of 480r/min for grinding for 45min, discharging for 4min (the discharge amount is 0.5t/h, and the grinding mass is 35.7kg), and grinding to obtain powder with a particle size of less than 100 μm;

(4) modification: and (2) mixing the following components in percentage by mass as 100: 2: 0.17 of powder, polydimethylsiloxane and sodium stearate are added into a clean drying mixer with the rotating speed of 150r/min, the temperature during mixing is set to be 70 ℃, the mixture is mixed for 35min and dried to obtain a fire extinguishing agent product, and the water content of the fire extinguishing agent product is 1.41 percent after drying is finished, so that the fire extinguishing agent capable of extinguishing aluminum slag combustion is obtained.

A method for extinguishing fire during aluminum slag combustion comprises the following specific steps:

(1) injecting the stored fire extinguishing agent into a dry storage tank, and simultaneously filling dry argon into the storage tank for storage, wherein the fire extinguishing agent: the volume ratio of the inert gas is 9:1, and the pressure of the storage tank is 2.5 MPa;

(2) the fire extinguishing agent in the storage tank is injected into a suspension type fire extinguisher with the specification of 10kg, 5kg of aluminum slag piles are stored in the aluminum slag storage tank, the distance between the fire extinguisher and the top of the aluminum slag piles is about 0.7m, and the size of the aluminum slag storage tank is 14m²(4m is 3.5m), igniting the aluminum slag, and spraying a fire extinguishing agent to extinguish the fire when the fire extinguisher senses the temperature of the fire of burning the aluminum slag.

Example 3

The preparation method of the fire extinguishing agent capable of extinguishing aluminum slag combustion comprises the following steps:

(1) collecting: 56kg of solid waste containing sulfate and chloride is obtained by membrane separation and evaporation of high-salinity wastewater generated in the process of resynthesis of the anode material of the waste lithium battery;

(2) and (3) purification: heating solid waste containing sulfate and chloride to 750 ℃ at a heating speed of 30 ℃/min and roasting for 0.5h in a ventilation environment, adding the roasted solid waste into 65 ℃ deionized water for dissolving, wherein the mass ratio of the dissolved solid waste is 35:100, filtering by using a screen with the screen aperture of 400 meshes to obtain a filtrate, filtering residues, evaporating the filtrate for 12min at a vacuum degree of 0.04MPa, cooling, crystallizing, and drying for 5d in an outdoor environment to obtain crystals (sodium sulfate accounts for 52.46%, sodium chloride accounts for 23.08%, water accounts for 15.97%, calcium sulfate accounts for 4.75%, and calcium chloride accounts for 3.74%);

(3) grinding: soaking the crystal in liquid nitrogen at a mass ratio of the crystal to the liquid nitrogen of 10:3 until the liquid nitrogen is evaporated, and heating the crystal to room temperature, wherein the mass ratio of the crystal to the liquid nitrogen is 100: 3: 2, adding the crystals, minerals (quartz sand, quartzite and sandstone) and the micro silica gel powder into a clean mixer with the rotating speed of 150r/min for mixing for 2min, adding the mixed mixture into a clean ball mill with the rotating speed of 480r/min for grinding for 45min, wherein the discharging time is 6min (the discharging amount is 0.5t/h, and the grinding mass is 47.3kg), and grinding to obtain powder with the granularity of less than 100 mu m;

(4) modification: and (2) mixing the following components in percentage by mass as 100: 5: 0.25 of powder, polydimethylsiloxane and sodium stearate are added into a clean drying mixer with the rotating speed of 150r/min, the temperature during mixing is set to be 70 ℃, the mixture is mixed for 35min and dried to obtain a fire extinguishing agent product, and the water content of the fire extinguishing agent product is 1.87% after drying is finished, so that the fire extinguishing agent capable of extinguishing aluminum slag combustion is obtained.

A method for extinguishing fire during aluminum slag combustion comprises the following specific steps:

(1) injecting the stored fire extinguishing agent into a dry storage tank, and simultaneously filling dry argon into the storage tank for storage, wherein the fire extinguishing agent: the volume ratio of the inert gas is 7.5:1, and the pressure of the storage tank is 2.5 MPa;

(2) the fire extinguishing agent in the storage tank is injected into a suspension type fire extinguisher with the specification of 10kg, 4.3kg of aluminum slag piles are stored in the aluminum slag storage tank, the distance between the fire extinguisher and the top of the aluminum slag piles is about 0.8m, and the size of the aluminum slag storage tank is 14m²(4m is 3.5m), igniting the aluminum slag, and burning the aluminum slag when the temperature of the fire extinguisher is sensedWhen the fire is burnt, the fire extinguishing agent is sprayed to extinguish the fire.

Comparative example 1

A method for extinguishing fire by burning aluminum slag comprises the following specific steps:

the difference from example 1 is that: and (4) soaking the raw materials in the step (3) without liquid nitrogen.

Comparative example 2

A method for extinguishing fire by burning aluminum slag comprises the following specific steps:

the difference from example 1 is that: quartz minerals and micro silica gel powder are not added in the step (3).

Comparative example 3

A method for extinguishing fire by burning aluminum slag comprises the following specific steps:

the difference from example 1 is that: no polydimethyl siloxane addition in step (4).

Comparative example 4

A method for extinguishing fire by burning aluminum slag comprises the following specific steps:

the difference from example 1 is that: sodium stearate is not added in the step (4).

Comparative example, example analysis:

in table 1, the particle size of the powder is measured by a laser particle size analyzer, the water content is measured by a conventional measuring method, and the time required for the aluminum slag to be extinguished is as follows: and after the aluminum slag starts to burn for 30s, the fire extinguishing agent is sprayed to the burning aluminum slag, and the time required for extinguishing fire is saved.

In Table 1, it can be seen that the fire extinguishing agents of examples 1, 2 and 3 have a particle size of less than 100 μm, a smaller powder particle size, a larger surface area, a larger surface energy, and a higher fire extinguishing efficiency because the physical and chemical covering of the aluminum dross is easier to perform, as compared with comparative examples 1 and 2. Compared with the comparative example 3, the water content of the examples 1, 2 and 3 is less than 2.5 percent. The fire extinguishing time of the examples 1, 2 and 3 is shorter than that of the comparative examples 1, 2 and 3, and the effect is better.

TABLE 1 parameter tables for examples and comparative examples

As can be seen from example 1 and comparative example 1, the crystals of comparative example 1 were not treated with liquid nitrogen, and the crystal structure of the crystals was not easily destroyed, so that the particle size of the powder was not reduced after the grinding treatment, and the physical and chemical covering of the burned aluminum dross was not easily performed, thereby decreasing the fire extinguishing efficiency of the fire extinguishing agent.

As can be seen from the examples 1 and 2, the powder of the comparative example 2 without the quartz mineral and the silica gel micropowder has a large particle size during grinding treatment, and the particle size of the powder is more than 50-100 μm and more than 100 μm; in example 1, the particle size of the powder is 20 to 50 μm at the maximum.

As can be seen from example 1 and comparative example 3, which did not comprise polydimethylsiloxane, had poor water repellency, resulting in an increase in water content and thus a longer period of time for extinguishing the combustion of aluminum dross.

As can be seen from example 1 and comparative example 4, in comparative example 4, stearate is not added, particles are agglomerated, the particle size of the powder is increased, the time for coating the powder with polydimethylsiloxane is prolonged, and further the combustion time of the aluminum-removing slag is prolonged.

The embodiments of the present invention have been described in detail with reference to the accompanying drawings, but the present invention is not limited to the above embodiments, and various changes can be made within the knowledge of those skilled in the art without departing from the gist of the present invention. Furthermore, the embodiments of the present invention and the features of the embodiments may be combined with each other without conflict.