阅读说明：本技术 一种用于锚索扩孔段的机械扩大头钻进装置 (Mechanical enlarged head drilling device for anchor cable hole expanding section ) 是由 叶建 万学林 王伟 夏安海 王哲 王利文 徐小龙 佟国锋 于 2020-04-13 设计创作，主要内容包括：本发明公开了一种用于锚索扩孔段的机械扩大头钻进装置,包括钻头和翼片,钻头安装固定在内轴前端,内轴的后端安装在底座上,底座安装固定在外轴上,钻头的圆周方向上均匀布置有三个翼片,翼片分为上伸缩板和下伸缩板两部分,上伸缩板前端与钻头铰接在一起,上伸缩板的后端与下伸缩板的前端铰接在一起,下伸缩板的后端与底座铰接在一起,锚索施工进入扩孔段时,翼片的上伸缩板和下伸缩板相互靠近,三个翼片的连接端部向外发散扩张,钻进装置的直径变大,钻头和翼片上均开有钻齿,进入扩孔段后,钻齿切割土体,达到扩孔的效果。该装置结构简单、使用方便且扩孔效果明显,使得钻头在硬质土层扩展顺利无卡钻,在软土层则提钻容易、排渣顺畅。(The invention discloses a mechanical expanding head drilling device for an anchor cable hole expanding section, which comprises a drill bit and fins, wherein the drill bit is installed and fixed at the front end of an inner shaft, the rear end of the inner shaft is installed on a base, the base is installed and fixed on an outer shaft, three fins are uniformly arranged in the circumferential direction of the drill bit, the fins are divided into an upper expansion plate and a lower expansion plate, the front end of the upper expansion plate is hinged with the drill bit, the rear end of the upper expansion plate is hinged with the front end of the lower expansion plate, the rear end of the lower expansion plate is hinged with the base, when an anchor cable enters the hole expanding section during construction, the upper expansion plate and the lower expansion plate of the fins are close to each other, the connecting end parts of the three fins are outwards dispersed and expanded, the diameter of the drilling device is increased, drill teeth are arranged on the drill bit and the fins, and the drill teeth cut a soil body after the anchor cable enters the. The device simple structure, convenient to use and reaming effect are obvious for the drill bit is smooth in the expansion of stereoplasm soil layer not have the sticking of a drill, and then carry the drilling easily, arrange the sediment smoothly in soft soil layer.)

1. The utility model provides a mechanical enlarged head drilling equipment for anchor rope reaming section, includes drill bit (1) and fin (7) of connecting drill bit (1), its characterized in that: the anchor cable drilling tool is characterized in that the drill bit (1) is conical and provided with drilling teeth and is fixedly installed at the front end of an inner shaft (2), the rear end of the inner shaft (2) is installed on a base (5), the base is fixedly installed on an outer shaft (6), three fins (7) are uniformly arranged in the circumferential direction of the drill bit (1), the fins (7) are divided into an upper expansion plate (3) and a lower expansion plate (4), the drilling teeth are arranged on the outer side surfaces of the upper expansion plate (3), the front end of the upper expansion plate (3) is hinged with the drill bit (1), the rear end of the upper expansion plate (3) is hinged with the front end of the lower expansion plate (4), the rear end of the lower expansion plate (4) is hinged with the base (5), when an anchor cable enters a hole expanding section during construction, the upper expansion plate (3) and the lower expansion plate (4) of the fins (7) are close to each other, and the connecting end parts of the three fins (7) are outwards diverged, the diameter of the drilling device is increased, the drill bit (1) and the fins (7) are both provided with drill teeth, and after entering the reaming section, the drill teeth cut soil bodies and continuously pressurize and rotate to achieve the reaming effect.

2. The mechanical reamer device of claim 1, wherein the drill bit comprises: the drill bit (1) is of a conical structure with central symmetry, is made of carbon steel or stainless steel and is connected with the inner shaft (2) by double-sided full welding.

3. The mechanical reamer device of claim 1, wherein the drill bit comprises: the upper expansion plate (3) and the lower expansion plate (4) of the fin (7) are aligned to be parallel to the inner shaft (2) and the outer shaft (6) before the construction of the reaming section, and are opened to form a certain angle with the inner shaft (2) and the outer shaft (6) during the construction of the reaming section.

4. The mechanical reamer device of claim 1, wherein the drill bit comprises: the drill teeth are arranged at the wing edges of the upper telescopic plate (3) and the lower telescopic plate (4) and the end part of the drill bit (1), are uniformly spaced and are of a saw-toothed structure.

5. The mechanical reamer device of claim 1, wherein the drill bit comprises: the joint of the inner shaft (2) and the outer shaft (6) is made into a wear-resistant base, the inner shaft (2) is inserted into the outer shaft (6), the base (5) is connected with the inner shaft (2) and the outer shaft (6) in a meshing or welding mode, and the three parts are coaxial.

Technical Field

The invention relates to the technical field, in particular to a mechanical enlarged head drilling device for an anchor cable hole expanding section.

Background

In geological environments with poor soil quality such as cohesive soil strata, the anchor cable needs to provide higher bearing capacity, so that the safety factors of foundation pits and side slopes are improved, and the common anchor cable is slightly inferior in this point. Compared with a common anchor cable, the anchor cable with the enlarged head can provide higher bearing capacity than the common anchor cable, and therefore the technology is gradually popularized and used in foundation pit supporting. However, the problems of hole expansion, slag removal and the like also exist when the mechanical enlarged head drilling device is adopted for construction.

The anchor hole drilling in the non-hole-expansion section anchor cable construction can adopt dry drilling so as to ensure that the anchoring engineering construction does not deteriorate the side slope geological condition and ensure the bonding property of the hole wall, and if the geology is complicated or the anchor hole is difficult to drill, the water drilling can be adopted. The drilling process strictly controls the performance of the drilling machine and the anchoring stratum, and prevents the drilling hole from being changed in diameter to cause difficult anchoring or other unexpected situations. Meanwhile, the guide effect of the drilling machine is also enhanced in the anchor cable drilling construction process, hole inclination errors are prevented, and deviation rectification measures are adopted as necessary to ensure the hole diameter and hole wall strength design and specification requirements. Meanwhile, the problems of diameter change and the like are solved in the drilling process, and deslagging is also a difficult point in the construction and drilling of the anchor cable in the reaming section.

Disclosure of Invention

In order to overcome the technical defects in the prior art, the invention provides a mechanical enlarged head drilling device for an anchor cable hole expanding section.

The invention achieves the purpose through the following technical scheme, and discloses a mechanical expansion bit drilling device for an anchor cable reaming section, which comprises a drill bit and a wing plate connected with the drill bit, wherein the drill bit is conical and provided with drill teeth and is fixedly installed at the front end of an inner shaft, the rear end of the inner shaft is installed on a base, the base is fixedly installed on an outer shaft, three wing plates are uniformly arranged in the circumferential direction of the drill bit, the wing plates are divided into an upper expansion plate and a lower expansion plate, the drill teeth are arranged on the outer side surfaces of the upper expansion plate and the drill bit, the rear end of the upper expansion plate is hinged with the front end of the lower expansion plate, the rear end of the lower expansion plate is hinged with the base, when an anchor cable enters the reaming section during construction, the upper expansion plate and the lower expansion plate of the wing plates are close to each other, the connecting end parts of the three wing plates are outwards diffused and expanded, and the diameter.

The drill bit is of a conical structure with central symmetry, is made of carbon steel or stainless steel, and is connected with an inner shaft through double-sided full welding, a wear-resistant base is made at the joint of the inner shaft and the outer shaft, the inner shaft is inserted into the outer shaft, the base is connected with the inner shaft and the outer shaft in an occlusion or welding mode, and the three are coaxial.

The drilling teeth are arranged at the wing edges of the upper telescopic plate and the lower telescopic plate and at the end parts of the drill bits, are even in interval and are of a saw-toothed structure, and after entering the hole expanding section, the drilling teeth cut soil bodies, continuously pressurize and rotate, so that the hole expanding effect is achieved.

The mechanical expansion head drilling device for the anchor cable reaming section is characterized in that the upper expansion plate and the lower expansion plate of the wing are aligned to be parallel to the inner shaft and the outer shaft before the reaming section is constructed, and the wing is opened to form a certain angle with the inner shaft and the outer shaft during the reaming section construction.

Generally, compared with the prior art, the technical scheme of the invention can achieve the following beneficial effects:

1. according to the mechanical expansion head drilling device for the anchor cable reaming section, the end part and the wing plates of the mechanical expansion head are respectively provided with the drilling teeth, when the drilling diameter does not meet the design requirement, the drill bit cannot be pushed forward to rotate, when the two wings of the drill bit are expanded in place, the front conical drill is driven to rotate, and the whole drill bit drills forward, so that the reaming diameter is ensured, and meanwhile, the reaming length cannot be influenced;

2. the drilling device has simple structure and convenient use, the drill bit can smoothly expand in a hard soil layer without the drill jamming phenomenon, and the drill bit is easy to lift in a soft soil layer and the slag can be smoothly discharged;

3. when the device is used, compressed air and slurry are filled in the drilling device, the air pressure is suddenly increased by utilizing the smaller aperture of the device to press the slurry out of the hole, and the slurry brings out drilling slag, so that the problem of slag discharge during drilling is solved, and the water and the compressed air are added to ensure that cement soil with higher strength is formed by pouring.

Drawings

The following detailed description of embodiments of the invention is provided in conjunction with the appended drawings, in which:

fig. 1 is a schematic overall structure diagram of a mechanical enlarged head drilling device for an anchor cable hole expanding section according to the present invention;

in the figure: 1-drill bit, 2-inner shaft, 3-upper expansion plate, 4-lower expansion plate, 5-base, 6-outer shaft and 7-wing.

Detailed Description

As shown in FIG. 1, the overall structure of the drilling device of the mechanical enlarged head for the anchor cable reaming section of the present invention is schematically illustrated, and comprises a drill bit 1 and fins 7 connected with the drill bit 1, wherein the drill bit 1 is conical and provided with drilling teeth and is fixedly installed at the front end of an inner shaft 2, the rear end of the inner shaft 2 is installed on a base 5, the base is fixedly installed on an outer shaft 6, three fins 7 are uniformly arranged in the circumferential direction of the drill bit 1, the fins 7 are divided into an upper expansion plate 3 and a lower expansion plate 4, the drilling teeth are respectively arranged on the outer side surfaces of the upper expansion plate 3 and the lower expansion plate 4, the front end of the upper expansion plate 3 is hinged with the drill bit 1, the rear end of the upper expansion plate 3 is hinged with the front end of the lower expansion plate 4, the rear end of the lower expansion plate 4 is hinged with the base 5, when the anchor cable is constructed and enters the reaming section, the upper expansion plate 3 and the lower expansion, the diameter of the drilling device is increased, the drill bit 1 and the fins 7 are provided with drill teeth, after entering the hole expanding section, the drill teeth cut soil bodies and are continuously pressurized and rotated to achieve the hole expanding effect, the fins 7 and the drill bit 1 are provided with the drill teeth which are matched with the soil bodies to rotate to cut the soil bodies, the abrasion of the drill bit 1 and the fins 7 and the soil bodies is reduced, and the service lives of the drill bit 1 and the fins 7 are prolonged.

The drill bit 1 is a conical structure with central symmetry, is made of carbon steel or stainless steel, is connected with the inner shaft 2 through double-sided full welding, the joint of the inner shaft 2 and the outer shaft 6 is made into a wear-resistant base 5, the inner shaft 2 is inserted into the outer shaft 6, the base 5 is connected with the inner shaft and the outer shaft through occlusion or additional welding, and the three are coaxial. The drill bit 2 and the last expansion plate 3 of toper structure, go up expansion plate 3 and lower expansion plate 4, lower expansion plate 4 all adopts big bolt to articulate with outer axle 6.

The drill teeth are arranged at the wing edges of the upper expansion plate 3 and the lower expansion plate 4 and the end part of the drill bit 1, the distance is uniform, the drill teeth are of a saw-toothed structure, and after entering the hole expanding section, the drill teeth cut soil bodies, and are continuously pressurized and rotated to achieve the hole expanding effect.

In the using process of the invention, the specific assembling construction method is carried out according to the following steps:

the method comprises the following steps: firstly, the lower end of an inner shaft 2 extends into a position 400mm below the upper end line of an outer shaft 6, the inner shaft and the outer shaft are connected in a manner that a base 5 is occluded, then a drill bit 1 is connected with the inner shaft 2, double-sided full welding is adopted, and bolt reinforcement can be added if necessary;

step two: each piece of the drill bit 1 is hinged with the upper telescopic plate 3 at the position opposite to the position, the lower telescopic plate 4 is connected with the outer shaft 6 by bolts, the upper telescopic plate 3 and the lower telescopic plate 4 are connected by large bolts after the connection is finished, and a certain displacement space is reserved at the bolt connection position for ensuring the telescopic change of the wing piece 7;

step three: the anchor rod is connected with the outer shaft 6 in an aligned mode, air is compressed in the anchor rod, and water is added and cement is injected into the anchor rod during the construction process while drilling.

In the construction process, in order to solve the problems of diameter change and drill slag removal caused by reaming and drilling, the following measures are adopted: water is added in the drilling process, and drilling slag is formed into slurry, so that the drilling slag is favorably removed, and the formed slurry can reduce resistance. When the drill applies thrust to the drill bit 1 through the device, the fins 7 of the drill bit 1 expand outwards, when the whole drill bit is not completely expanded, the front-end conical drill bit 1 cannot rotate, when the fins 7 extend to the maximum, the middle shaft of the drill bit props against the front-end conical drill bit 1, and the front-end drill bit 1 starts to rotate.

The fins 7 are provided with uniformly distributed drilling teeth which are in a sawtooth shape, the end part of each small drilling tooth protrudes and is 1-2cm higher than the flat part, and the end part of each small drilling tooth is perpendicular to the short side direction of the fins 7, the flange of each fin 7 does not need to be provided with the drilling tooth, only one drilling tooth needs to be selected from two flanges outside, but the 3 rows of drilling teeth need to be the same at the position of each fin 7, namely the next row of drilling teeth appears at the same position after the drill bit 1 rotates by 120 degrees, so that the drilling device can drill and ream while forming a stable reaming straight line section.

The drilling device provided by the invention is simple in structure and convenient to use, and through a series of measures, the drill bit 1 can be smoothly expanded in a hard soil layer without jamming, the drill bit is easy to lift in a soft soil layer, the slag is smoothly discharged, the drill bit can be used in both the hard soil layer and the soft soil layer, the aperture of the formed expanded bit is stable, and the requirements of design and specification are met.

It will be understood by those skilled in the art that the foregoing is only a preferred embodiment of the present invention, and is not intended to limit the invention, and that any modification, equivalent replacement, or improvement made within the spirit and principle of the present invention should be included in the scope of the present invention.