阅读说明：本技术 一种碳基低压点火开关制备方法 (Preparation method of carbon-based low-voltage ignition switch ) 是由 吴慎将 张文斌 周文炳 王佳 苏俊宏 程军霞 林彤 刘荣明 于 2020-04-29 设计创作，主要内容包括：本发明公开一种碳基低压点火开关制备的方法,首先是基底毛化处理,使用绿光或紫外激光装置,在陶瓷基底上进行激光毛化处理,得到粗糙度为一定值；然后进行碳基材料复合材料的制作和配比,用丝网印刷或者喷涂的方式将碳基复合材料涂敷到陶瓷基底上,进行梯度温度处理；最后温度处理后用激光技术切割成不同的形状,涂上导电银浆后加上电极通电,测试不同配料、不同形状的点火开关的发热性能。经实验表明,通过本发明方法制得的碳基低压点火开关具有可靠的点火能力,相比于桥丝火工品和半导体桥火工品,其具有制备方法简便、成本低廉等优点。(The invention discloses a method for preparing a carbon-based low-voltage ignition switch, which comprises the following steps of firstly, carrying out laser texturing treatment on a ceramic substrate by using a green light or ultraviolet laser device to obtain a certain roughness value; then, preparing and proportioning the carbon-based composite material, coating the carbon-based composite material on a ceramic substrate in a screen printing or spraying mode, and performing gradient temperature treatment; and finally, cutting the mixture into different shapes by using a laser technology after temperature treatment, coating conductive silver paste, and electrifying the electrodes to test the heating performance of ignition switches with different ingredients and different shapes. Experiments show that the carbon-based low-voltage ignition switch prepared by the method has reliable ignition capability, and compared with bridge wire initiating explosive devices and semiconductor bridge initiating explosive devices, the carbon-based low-voltage ignition switch has the advantages of simple preparation method, low cost and the like.)

1. A preparation method of a carbon-based low-voltage ignition switch is characterized in that,

the method specifically comprises the following steps:

step 1, preparing materials:

firstly, mixing carbon-based material powder in proportion, carrying out ball milling in a 15Hz condition by using a ball mill to form powder with the length of about 50-100 mu m, placing the powder in 10% NaOH solution for ultrasonic cleaning for 4h to remove impurities, filtering, washing, drying, transferring the powder into acetone for ultrasonic cleaning for 30min, filtering and drying for later use;

step 2, laser texturing treatment of the ceramic substrate:

etching by using a laser, scanning on the surface of the ceramic substrate in a laser lattice mode, and forming dense and regular micropores in the interaction process of the laser and the ceramic substrate so as to realize laser texturing treatment of the ceramic substrate; after laser texturing treatment, ultrasonic cleaning is adopted for 15min, and nitrogen is used for blow-drying for standby;

step 3, preparing the heating coating according to the material ratio:

uniformly mixing the carbon-based mixed material prepared in the step 1 with a binder and Zn powder to form a colloid, then coating the colloid on a roughened ceramic substrate, and naturally airing, air-drying and gradient baking the colloid;

step 4, forming initiating explosive devices of samples with different bridge area shapes

And cutting the coated sample in different shapes by using laser, leading out a lead by using conductive silver paste after the cutting is finished, testing the performance of initiating explosive devices with different voltages, different proportions and different shapes, and finally selecting a sample with a material proportion and a bridge area shape which can fuse a bridge area after being electrified under low voltage.

2. The method for manufacturing the carbon-based low-voltage ignition switch according to claim 1, wherein the carbon-based material powder comprises one or a mixture of graphene, conductive graphite and carbon nanotubes.

3. The preparation method of the carbon-based low-voltage ignition switch according to claim 1 or 2, wherein the laser power of the laser texturing treatment in the step 2 is 5-10w, and the laser energy density is 10J/cm²The above.

4. The preparation method of the carbon-based low-voltage ignition switch according to claim 3, wherein the coating method in the step 3 and the material proportioning preparation of the heating coating is screen printing or spraying.

5. The method for preparing the carbon-based low-voltage ignition switch according to claim 4, wherein the step 3 of preparing the material of the heating coating layer is implemented by gradient baking for 8 hours.

6. The method for preparing a carbon-based low-voltage ignition switch as claimed in claim 5, wherein in the step 4, the initiating explosive device for forming samples with different bridge region shapes is cut by using ultraviolet laser, the power of the ultraviolet laser is 5-10w, the scanning frequency is 20-30KHz/s, and the scanning speed is 1000-; the switching light is delayed by 10 ms.

7. The method for manufacturing the carbon-based low-voltage ignition switch according to claim 6, wherein the laser used in the step 2 and the laser texturing of the ceramic substrate is an ultraviolet laser or a green laser.

Technical Field

The invention belongs to the technical field of initiating explosive device energy conversion sources, and particularly relates to a method for preparing a carbon-based low-voltage ignition switch.

Background

The electric initiating explosive device as a first-sending device of a weapon system can be excited under the stimulation of lower external energy to achieve a preset function.

The traditional initiating explosive devices are a bridge wire initiating explosive device and a semiconductor bridge initiating explosive device, nickel-chromium and polycrystalline silicon are respectively used as electrothermal conversion media, electric energy and heat energy are converted under certain current, and the semiconductor bridge principle is generally considered as a micro-convection mechanism. Therefore, materials except nickel-chromium and polycrystalline silicon are developed to be used as energy conversion media of the electric initiating explosive device, the limitations that the safety of a bridge wire initiating explosive device is poor, the process of a semiconductor initiating explosive device is complex, and the manufacturing cost is high can be overcome, and the method has important theoretical and practical significance for the development of the initiating explosive device.

Disclosure of Invention

The invention provides a method for preparing a carbon-based low-voltage ignition switch, which solves the problems of poor safety and complex preparation process of traditional bridge wire initiating explosive devices and semiconductor initiating explosive devices.

In order to achieve the purpose, the technical scheme of the invention is as follows:

a preparation method of a carbon-based low-voltage ignition switch specifically comprises the following steps:

step 1, preparing materials:

firstly, mixing carbon-based material powder in proportion, carrying out ball milling in a 15Hz condition by using a ball mill to form powder with the length of about 50-100 mu m, placing the powder in 10% NaOH solution for ultrasonic cleaning for 4h to remove impurities, filtering, washing, drying, transferring the powder into acetone for ultrasonic cleaning for 30min, filtering and drying for later use;

step 2, laser texturing treatment of the ceramic substrate:

etching by using a laser, scanning on the surface of the ceramic substrate in a laser lattice mode, and forming dense and regular micropores in the interaction process of the laser and the ceramic substrate so as to realize laser texturing treatment of the ceramic substrate; after laser texturing treatment, ultrasonic cleaning is adopted for 15min, and nitrogen is used for blow-drying for standby;

step 3, preparing the heating coating according to the material ratio:

uniformly mixing the carbon-based mixed material prepared in the step 1 with a binder and Zn powder to form a colloid, then coating the colloid on a roughened ceramic substrate, and naturally airing, air-drying and gradient baking the colloid;

step 4, forming initiating explosive devices of samples with different bridge area shapes

And cutting the coated sample in different shapes by using laser, leading out a lead by using conductive silver paste after the cutting is finished, testing the performance of initiating explosive devices with different voltages, different proportions and different shapes, and finally selecting a sample with a material proportion and a bridge area shape which can fuse a bridge area after being electrified under low voltage.

Further, the carbon-based material powder comprises one or a mixture of graphene, conductive graphite and carbon nanotubes.

Further, in the step 2, the laser power of the laser texturing treatment is 5-10w, and the laser energy density is 10J/cm²The above.

Further, the coating method in the step 3 and the material proportioning preparation of the heating coating is screen printing or spraying.

Further, in the step 3, gradient baking is utilized for 8 hours in the material proportioning of the heating coating.

Further, in the step 4, the initiating explosive device for forming the samples with different bridge area shapes is cut by using ultraviolet laser, wherein the power of the ultraviolet laser is 5-10w, the scanning frequency is 20-30KHz/s, and the scanning speed is 1000-1500 m/s; the switching light is delayed by 10 ms.

Further, the laser in the step 2 and the laser texturing treatment of the ceramic substrate is an ultraviolet laser or a green laser.

The invention has the beneficial effects that:

1. the roughness uniformity of the surface of the substrate after laser texturing treatment is good, the roughness stability is high, the repeatability is good, the roughness is stable, the roughness is usually within +/-3%, and the surface roughness Ra is adjustable within the range of 1-10 mu m, so that the coating effect of the carbon-based film material in the forming process is facilitated.

2. According to the graphene composite material coating adopted by the method, due to the highly-integrated graphene lamellar structure and the compact stacking structure among the graphene lamellar structure, the conductivity and the thermal stability of the coating are enhanced.

3. According to the invention, the carbon fiber is processed into powder and mixed with the initiating explosive, and the ignition characteristic of the carbon-based energetic composite ignition switch is researched by changing the component proportion of the carbon fiber in the initiating explosive.

Drawings

FIG. 1 is a schematic illustration after a laser texturing process;

fig. 2 is a schematic diagram of a graphene-based finished initiating explosive device;

in the figure, 1-substrate before treatment, 2-laser texturing small hole, 3-substrate after treatment, 4-graphene carbon-based coating, 5-electrode, 6-electrode lead-out wire.

Detailed Description

In order to make the objects, technical solutions and advantages of the present invention more apparent, the present invention will be described in further detail with reference to the following examples, it being understood that the described examples are only a part of the examples of the present invention, and not all examples. All other embodiments, which can be derived by a person skilled in the art from the embodiments given herein without making any creative effort, shall fall within the protection scope of the present invention.

Research shows that the graphene film and the carbon fiber felt have better conductivity under the premise of the same quality and surface density, and the conductivity is attributed to the complete graphite sheet structure and the mutual close stacking structure of graphene. Under the action of an applied electric field, when the surface temperature of the graphene film is 4V, the stable temperatures respectively reached by the carbon fiber surface densities of 15 and 30g/m2 are 39 ℃ and 60.5 ℃, and the stable temperatures respectively reached by the graphene surface densities of 15 and 30g/m2 are 96 ℃ and 118 ℃; and analyzing the temperature distribution of the graphene film through an infrared thermography. The resistance of the graphene film and the carbon fiber felt is reduced along with the increase of the temperature, and the thermal stability of the graphene film and the carbon fiber felt in the air shows that the graphene film starts to have an obvious thermal weight loss phenomenon at 580 ℃, and the carbon fiber felt starts to have an obvious weight loss at 280.2 ℃, which is mainly due to the highly complete graphite sheet structure of the graphene.

The invention provides a method for preparing a carbon-based low-voltage ignition switch, which comprises the following steps of firstly, carrying out substrate texturing treatment, and carrying out laser texturing treatment on a ceramic substrate by using a green light or ultraviolet laser device to obtain a certain roughness value; then, preparing and proportioning the carbon-based composite material, coating the carbon-based composite material on a ceramic substrate in a screen printing or spraying mode, and performing gradient temperature treatment; and finally, cutting the mixture into different shapes by using a laser technology after temperature treatment, coating conductive silver paste, and electrifying the electrodes to test the heating performance of ignition switches with different ingredients and different shapes.