阅读说明：本技术 一种滨海湿地盐地碱蓬的修复方法 (Method for repairing suaeda salsa in coastal wetland ) 是由 白军红 关亚楠 王伟 王大伟 马旭 张光亮 于 2020-06-03 设计创作，主要内容包括：本发明涉及一种滨海湿地盐地碱蓬的修复方法,在滨海湿地上设置格栅,所述格栅由湿地禾本科草本植物编织而成；所述格栅由若干个横向分割装置和纵向分割装置垂直交叉设置构成,所述格栅内部形成若干个方形的网格单元,所述网格单元内设有梅花形布置的坑洞微地形。本发明将格栅结合坑洞微地形修复,使得碱蓬的生存环境得以改善。(The invention relates to a method for restoring suaeda salsa in a coastal wetland, which is characterized in that a grid is arranged on the coastal wetland, and the grid is woven by wetland grass herbaceous plants; the grating is formed by vertically and crosswise arranging a plurality of transverse dividing devices and longitudinal dividing devices, a plurality of square grid units are formed inside the grating, and quincunx-shaped pit micro-terrains are arranged in the grid units. The invention repairs the grid in combination with the pit microtopography, so that the living environment of the suaeda glauca is improved.)

1. A method for restoring suaeda salsa in coastal wetland is characterized by comprising the following steps: arranging a grid on the coastal wetland, wherein the grid is woven by wetland grass herbaceous plants; the grating is formed by vertically and crosswise arranging a plurality of transverse dividing devices and longitudinal dividing devices, a plurality of square grid units are formed inside the grating, and quincunx-shaped pit micro-terrains are arranged in the grid units.

2. The method for repairing suaeda salsa on coastal wetland according to claim 1, characterized in that: the grid is one of a shallow grid and a deep grid.

3. The method for repairing suaeda salsa on coastal wetland according to claim 2, characterized in that: shallow grid is formed by the concatenation of the grid strip of a plurality of cylinder or strip cylindricality, the grid strip forms the horizontal segmenting device and the vertical segmenting device of shallow grid, the horizontal segmenting device and the vertical segmenting device vertical cross of grid form shallow graticule net check unit, the preparation method of grid strip is for collecting wetland grass family herbaceous plant's straw, weaves into the bundle, ties it fixedly with the rope.

4. The method for repairing suaeda salsa on coastal wetland according to claim 2, characterized in that: the dark check grid is enclosed by a plurality of straw mats of weaving, weave horizontal segmenting device and the vertical segmenting device of the dark check grid of straw mat formation, horizontal segmenting device and vertical segmenting device vertical cross form dark graticule mesh unit, weave the straw mat and compile for using wetland grass herbaceous plant, the clearance of weaving in the straw mat is 1-2 mm.

5. The method for repairing suaeda salsa on coastal wetland according to claim 3, characterized in that: the grid units of the shallow grid are arranged close to the earth surface, and the length and the width of each grid unit are respectively as follows: the length is 25cm-100cm, the width is 25cm-100cm, the diameter of the grid bars is 3-10cm, and the size of the grid units is set according to the positions of the grid bars distributed in the intertidal zone of the coastal wetland: the area of the grid unit and the diameter of the grid bars distributed on the low tide beach, the middle tide beach and the high tide beach are increased in sequence.

6. The method for repairing suaeda salsa on coastal wetland according to claim 5, characterized in that: the length and width of the shallow grid unit and the diameter of the grid strip are respectively as follows: each grid unit of the high tidal flat is 80-100cm long, 80-100cm wide and 8-10cm in diameter of the grid strip, each grid unit of the medium tidal flat is 50-60cm long, 50-60cm wide and 5-8cm in diameter of the grid strip, and each grid unit of the low tidal flat is 25-35cm long, 25-35cm wide and 3-5cm in diameter of the grid strip.

7. The method for repairing suaeda salsa on coastal wetland according to claim 4, characterized in that: the length, width, height and buried depth of grid units of the deep grid are respectively as follows: the length is 25cm-100cm, the width is 25cm-100cm, the height is 15-20cm, and the buried depth is 15cm-30 cm; setting the size of grid units according to the position of the grid cloth in the intertidal zone of the coastal wetland: the volume of the grid units arranged on the low tide beach, the middle tide beach and the high tide beach is increased in sequence; and the grid units of the deep grid are used for burying the grid into soil in a furrow earthing mode.

8. The method for repairing suaeda salsa on coastal wetland according to claim 7, characterized in that: the length, width, height and buried depth of the grid unit in the deep grid are respectively as follows: each grid unit of the high tidal flat is 80-100cm long, 80-100cm wide, 15-20cm high and 15-20cm buried depth, each grid unit of the medium tidal flat is 50-60cm long, 50-60cm wide, 15-20cm high and 20-25cm buried depth, and each grid unit of the low tidal flat is 25-35cm long, 25-35cm wide, 15-20cm high and 25-30cm buried depth.

9. The method for repairing suaeda salsa on coastal wetland according to claim 1, characterized in that: the wetland gramineous herbaceous plant is one or two of reed or spartina alterniflora.

10. The method for repairing suaeda salsa on coastal wetland according to claim 1, characterized in that: the quincunx is arranged in such a way that five positions of four corners and the center in the grid unit are manufactured into artificial micro-terrain pot holes by using soil extractors; the diameter and the depth of the pot holes are set according to the position of an intertidal zone, and the diameter and the depth of the pot holes along a low tidal flat, a middle tidal flat and a high tidal flat are gradually increased and deepened; wherein the diameter of the low tidal flat pot hole is 5cm, the depth of the low tidal flat pot hole is 5cm, the diameter of the low tidal flat pot hole is 10-15cm, and the depth of the low tidal flat pot hole is 8-10 cm; the diameter of the high tidal flat pot hole is 15-20cm, and the depth is 10-15 cm.

Technical Field

The invention relates to a method for restoring suaeda salsa in a coastal wetland.

Background

The coastal wetland of the yellow river delta is the most complete, the widest and young wetland ecosystem in the warm temperate zone of China, is also an important transfer station, an overwintering habitat and a breeding land for bird migration, and has rich biological diversity. Due to the special geographical position and landforming factors, the new-born soil has short process, low curing degree, less soil nutrient but extremely high salt content and serious salinization degree. Suaeda salsa (Suaeda salsa) is the dominant species of coastal wetland in yellow river delta, and has the ecological functions of water and soil conservation, habitat supply, pollution purification and the like. In recent years, under the dual influence of high-strength sea reclamation activities and climate change such as farmland reclamation and port construction, hydrological communication and biological communication are blocked due to water-sand imbalance and water-salt imbalance of the yellow river delta, suaeda salsa wetland is degraded to different degrees, habitat patches are broken, and the structure and the function of the yellow river delta wetland are seriously influenced. Therefore, the restoration of the suaeda salsa degraded wetland becomes the urgent need to guarantee the regional ecological safety and promote the regional economic and ecological coordinated development.

At present, yellow river water is introduced to a part of yellow river delta regions to recover and improve the degraded suaeda salsa wetland by a method of pressing salt with light pressure, and certain results are obtained, but the regional fresh water resources are lack of water, and the upstream water is insufficient, so that the wide-range implementation is difficult. The suaeda salsa is also repaired by adding some chemical modifiers to improve the salinization degree of the soil, but the application of a large amount of chemical modifiers can cause soil hardening. And biological methods such as transplanting and the like are used for carrying out ecological restoration on the suaeda salsa wetland in the severely degraded saline land, so that the effect is slow and poor.

Therefore, a method which can repair the degraded suaeda salsa wetland by using the existing resources and has the characteristics of low repair engineering cost and environmental protection needs to be developed.

Disclosure of Invention

The invention aims to provide a method for repairing suaeda salsa in coastal wetland, which has low repair engineering cost and is green and environment-friendly.

The technical scheme adopted by the invention for solving the technical problems is as follows: arranging a grid on the coastal wetland, wherein the grid is woven by wetland grass herbaceous plants; the grating is formed by vertically and crosswise arranging a plurality of transverse dividing devices and longitudinal dividing devices, a plurality of square grid units are formed inside the grating, and quincunx-shaped pit micro-terrains are arranged in the grid units.

Further, the grids are arranged in a bare spot area and a degraded area of the suaeda salsa wetland in the intertidal zone.

Further, the laying time of the grating is from the middle ten-tenths to the middle twelve-tenths of a year.

Further, the grating is one of a shallow lattice grating and a deep lattice grating.

Further, shallow check grid is formed by the concatenation of the grid strip of a plurality of cylinder or strip cylindricality, the horizontal segmenting device and the vertical segmenting device of grid strip formation shallow check grid, the horizontal segmenting device and the vertical segmenting device vertical cross formation shallow check grid unit of grid, the preparation method of grid strip is for collecting wetland grass family herbaceous plant's straw, weaves into the bundle, ties it with the rope and fixes.

Further, dark check grid encloses by a plurality of straw mats of weaving, weave horizontal segmenting device and the vertical segmenting device of straw mat formation dark check grid, horizontal segmenting device and vertical segmenting device intersect perpendicularly and form dark graticule mesh check unit, weave the straw mat and compile for using wetland grass family herbaceous plant, the clearance of weaving in the straw mat is 1-2 mm.

Further, the grid units of the shallow grid are arranged close to the earth surface, and the length and the width of each grid unit are respectively as follows: the length is 25cm-100cm, the width is 25cm-100cm, the diameter of the grid bars is 3-10cm, and the size of the grid units is set according to the positions of the grid bars distributed in the intertidal zone of the coastal wetland: the area of the grid unit and the diameter of the grid bars distributed on the low tide beach, the middle tide beach and the high tide beach are increased in sequence.

Further, the length and width of the shallow grid unit and the diameter of the grid bars are respectively as follows: each grid unit of the high tidal flat is 80-100cm long, 80-100cm wide and 8-10cm in diameter of the grid strip, each grid unit of the medium tidal flat is 50-60cm long, 50-60cm wide and 5-8cm in diameter of the grid strip, and each grid unit of the low tidal flat is 25-35cm long, 25-35cm wide and 3-5cm in diameter of the grid strip.

Further, the length, width, height and buried depth of the grid unit of the deep grid are respectively: the length is 25cm-100cm, the width is 25cm-100cm, the height is 15-20cm, and the buried depth is 15cm-30 cm; setting the size of grid units according to the position of the grid cloth in the intertidal zone of the coastal wetland: the volume of the grid units arranged on the low tide beach, the middle tide beach and the high tide beach is increased in sequence; and the grid units of the deep grid are used for burying the grid into soil in a furrow earthing mode.

Further, the length, width, height and buried depth of the grid unit in the deep grid are respectively: each grid unit of the high tidal flat is 80-100cm long, 80-100cm wide, 15-20cm high and 15-20cm buried depth, each grid unit of the medium tidal flat is 50-60cm long, 50-60cm wide, 15-20cm high and 20-25cm buried depth, and each grid unit of the low tidal flat is 25-35cm long, 25-35cm wide, 15-20cm high and 25-30cm buried depth.

Further, the wetland grass family herbaceous plant is one or two of reed or spartina alterniflora.

Further, the quincunx is arranged to make artificial micro-terrain pot holes with soil extractors at five places in four corners and the center in the grid unit; the diameter and the depth of the pot holes are set according to the position of an intertidal zone, and the diameter and the depth of the pot holes along a low tidal flat, a middle tidal flat and a high tidal flat are gradually increased and deepened; wherein the diameter of the low tidal flat pot hole is 5cm, the depth of the low tidal flat pot hole is 5cm, the diameter of the low tidal flat pot hole is 10-15cm, and the depth of the low tidal flat pot hole is 8-10 cm; the diameter of the high tidal flat pot hole is 15-20cm, and the depth is 10-15 cm.

The invention has the beneficial effects that:

the grids arranged on the coastal wetland have water retention, can effectively improve local soil environmental conditions such as water content, salinity, microbial structures and the like of the soil in a repair area, and enhance the hydrologic communication strength by improving the water-salt conditions of the local soil.

The grid is combined with pit micro-topography repair, and the pit micro-topography repair is adopted, so that the surface roughness is increased, and the trapped seeds are uniformly distributed; meanwhile, after the pit hole micro-terrain structure is formed, the landform and the landform are changed, the positive effect on the improvement of the physical and chemical indexes of the soil is achieved, the planting and the growth of the suaeda salsa are facilitated, so that more crabs are attracted to be drilled and settled, the expansion of the excavation area of the pit hole is promoted, the biological connectivity is improved, and the positive feedback effect is realized on an ecological system.

The grid can be degraded, and the nutrient substances released in the decomposition process can provide nutrient substances for the growth of the suaeda salsa. The invention has firm grid and can prevent the erosion of tide water and sea ice.

The repairing method has the advantages of low repairing engineering cost and environmental protection, and has wide application prospect and popularization value.

Drawings

FIG. 1 is a schematic structural view of a deep grid;

FIG. 2 is a schematic structural view of a shallow lattice grid;

FIG. 3 is a schematic diagram of a quincunx arrangement of pit microtopography within a grid cell;

FIG. 4 is a graph of the coupling of hydrologic connectivity index to biomass;

FIG. 5 is a result of correlation analysis of hydrological, soil and plant growth condition parameters.

In the figure, 1 grid bar of deep grid, 2 suaeda salsa, 3 pits, 4 grid units and 5 grid bars of shallow grid are arranged.

Detailed Description

The repairing method of the present invention will be described in detail with reference to specific examples.