阅读说明：本技术 一种废弃物熔融炉用高磷铝铬砖及其制备方法 (High-phosphorus aluminum chromium brick for waste melting furnace and preparation method thereof ) 是由 范沐旭 王晗 冯志源 张涛 李坚强 孙红刚 李坤鹏 武刚 赵志龙 于 2020-05-22 设计创作，主要内容包括：本发明公开了一种废弃物熔融炉用高磷铝铬砖及其制备方法。一种废弃物熔融炉用高磷铝铬砖的原料组成重量百分比为：颗粒50-70%；细粉20-30%；微粉10-20%；整体SiO<Sub>2</Sub>有效含量1-3%；外加磷引入物2-8%。该种废弃物熔融炉用高磷铝铬砖具有一次烧成(免浸渍)、气孔率小、体积密度高、抗渣渗透性好等优点,能够大大提高废弃物熔融炉的炉衬使用寿命。(The invention discloses a high-phosphorus aluminum chrome brick for a waste melting furnace and a preparation method thereof. The high-phosphorus aluminum chromium brick for the waste melting furnace comprises the following raw materials in percentage by weight: 50-70% of particles; 20-30% of fine powder; 10-20% of micro powder; bulk SiO 2 Effective content is 1-3%; 2-8% of phosphorus introduction substance is added. The high-phosphorus aluminum chromium brick for the waste melting furnace has the advantages of one-time firing (no impregnation), small porosity, high volume density, good slag penetration resistance and the like, and can be greatly improvedThe service life of the furnace lining of the high waste melting furnace is prolonged.)

1. A high phosphorus aluminum chrome brick for a waste melting furnace is characterized in that: the raw materials for preparing the material comprise the following components in percentage by weight:

50-70% of particles;

20-30% of fine powder;

10-20% of micro powder;

bulk SiO₂Effective content is 1-3%;

2-8% of phosphorus introduction substance is added.

2. The high phosphorus aluminum chrome brick for the waste melting furnace as claimed in claim 1, wherein: the particles are one or more of chromium oxide particles, aluminum chromium slag particles, white corundum particles and tabular corundum particles.

3. The high phosphorus aluminum chrome brick for a waste melting furnace as claimed in claim 2, wherein: the chromium oxide particles are electric melting materials or sintering materials.

4. The high phosphorus aluminum chrome brick for the waste melting furnace as claimed in claim 1, wherein: the fine powder is one or more of chromium oxide fine powder, aluminum chromium slag fine powder, white corundum fine powder and tabular corundum fine powder.

5. The high phosphorus aluminum chrome brick for a waste melting furnace as claimed in claim 4, wherein: the chromium oxide fine powder is an electric melting material or a sintering material.

6. The high phosphorus aluminum chrome brick for the waste melting furnace as claimed in claim 1, wherein: the micro powder is one or two of chromium oxide green micro powder and calcined alumina micro powder.

7. The high phosphorus aluminum chrome brick for the waste melting furnace as claimed in claim 1, wherein: for introducing SiO₂The siliceous raw material is one or more of zircon powder, andalusite powder, sillimanite powder, kyanite powder, silica micropowder, quartz powder and clay powder.

8. The high phosphorus aluminum chrome brick for the waste melting furnace as claimed in claim 1, wherein: the combination of the particles, the fine powder and the micro powder comprises aluminum raw materials and chromium raw materials.

9. The high phosphorus aluminum chrome brick for the waste melting furnace as claimed in claim 1, wherein: the phosphorus introduction substance is one or more of liquid phosphoric acid, liquid aluminum dihydrogen phosphate, solid phosphoric acid, solid aluminum dihydrogen phosphate and solid aluminum phosphate.

10. A preparation method of a high phosphorus aluminum chrome brick for a waste melting furnace comprises the following steps: adopting a friction brick press or vibration pressurization or hydraulic or isostatic pressing for molding, drying the blank, and then sintering the blank in a high-temperature kiln according to the conventional temperature rise curve of the chromium corundum brick, wherein the sintering temperature is 1350-1700 ℃; when fired, because of SiO₂Can form a small amount of liquid phase in which phosphorus can be effectively retained, therebyObtaining the aluminum-chromium brick with high phosphorus content. Conventional aluminum chrome bricks do not allow efficient retention of phosphorus in the brick, P₂O₅Will evaporate in a large amount, even if more phosphorus is added, measured as P₂O₅The calculated effective residual amount of phosphorus is still less than 0.3% of the weight of the brick, and the high-phosphorus aluminum chrome brick for the waste melting furnace prepared by the method can retain the phosphorus in a small introduced amount of liquid phase as P₂O₅The calculated residual phosphorus amount is greater than 2% of the brick weight.

Technical Field

The invention relates to a high-phosphorus aluminum chromium brick for a waste melting furnace and a preparation method thereof, belonging to the field of refractory materials.

Background

With the increasing world population and the rapid development of economy, the amount of municipal solid waste and industrial waste is increasing dramatically. The existence of the garbage not only occupies a large amount of space, but also causes serious pollution to the earth environment and harms the living environment of human beings, animals and plants. Therefore, the treatment of municipal solid waste and industrial waste is an urgent problem to be solved.

The waste melting furnace melts the waste through high temperature, thereby realizing the harmlessness and reduction of the waste. Containing Cr₂O₃The refractory material has excellent erosion resistance, and is suitable for waste melting furnaces and the like under severe conditions. For a rotary kiln type waste melting furnace, the materials have good erosion resistance and penetration resistance under the working conditions of the infiltration erosion of slag, the mechanical stress of a kiln body and the like. Because of containing Cr₂O₃Has excellent corrosion resistance per se, often by increasing Cr in the material₂O₃The content is used for improving the anti-erosion capability of the paint. In actual use, the damage of the material is often thermal stress caused by infiltration andand (4) peeling off by mechanical stress. For fixed Cr₂O₃The key to improve the service life of the material is to improve the anti-permeability of the aluminum-chromium brick with the content.

Since Kingery studied phosphorus-containing binders in 1950, phosphorus-containing binding refractory materials have found wide use in steel, cement, glass, chemical and other industries. P₂O₅Because of the glass former, the viscosity of the slag can be greatly increased when the slag infiltrates into the material, and further infiltration of the slag is inhibited. Due to P₂O₅Volatility of (4 AlPO)₄(s) → 2Al₂O₃(s) + 2O₂(g) + (P₂O₃) (g)) the content of residual phosphorus in the aluminum-chromium brick after the firing heat treatment is extremely low (less than 0.3%), in order to improve the anti-permeability, the aluminum-chromium brick after the heat treatment is often put into vacuum impregnation equipment by a vacuum impregnation method, so that phosphorus-containing solution enters the pores of the brick, and phosphorus is remained in the pores of the brick by low-temperature heat treatment, thereby playing the roles of blocking the pores, reducing the porosity and improving the anti-permeability.

Patent 201611161565.3 discloses a low porosity chromium corundum brick and its preparation method, which comprises placing the baked brick in a pressure container, vacuumizing to a vacuum degree of 1000-1500 Pa, adding the prepared nano oxide suspension to completely submerge the product, pressurizing to 0.4-0.5 MPa, and soaking for 10-60 min under the pressure. And then carrying out microwave drying at the drying temperature of 50-150 ℃ for 0.5-4 h. The method has the disadvantages of complex process, low production efficiency and high energy consumption.

Patent CN 201310713973.5' Al₂O₃-Cr₂O₃Phosphorus fumigation preparation method of refractory product₂O₃-Cr₂O₃Refractory product, P₂O₅The components are added in a way that a phosphorus fumigation process is adopted in the firing of a blank, P₂O₅The components are distributed in the product in a gradient way from the surface of the product to the interior P₂O₅The composition decreases progressively. This method is complex in process requirements.

Patent CN201310713974.X "an Al₂O₃-Cr₂O₃The addition of red phosphorus is adopted in the refractory product and the preparation method, the firing atmosphere is controlled to be an unconventional oxidizing atmosphere, and in order to reduce the escape of phosphorus pentoxide from a brick, the temperature rise in the phosphorus oxidation process is required to be fast (the temperature rise rate is required to be 5 ℃/s-15 ℃/s in the temperature rise stage of 200-1000 ℃), so that the time for singly retaining the phosphorus pentoxide is reduced as much as possible, namely the temperature rise time at 200-1000 ℃ is 160-53.3 s. The process is complicated and P is formed₂O₅Can escape in a large amount, and the content of effective phosphorus remained in the brick is not high.

The phosphorus-containing aluminum chrome brick prepared by the method has complex process and higher cost, and bubbles and crusts are formed on the surface of the material due to the escape of a large amount of phosphorus after heat treatment, so that the masonry size is influenced. The invention prevents P from entering into the glass phase in the brick by introducing a certain amount of liquid phase according to the scheme and process of the claims₂O₅The volatilization of the aluminum chromium brick can reduce the porosity of the material, improve the anti-permeability of the material and greatly prolong the service life of the aluminum chromium brick in a waste melting furnace.

Disclosure of Invention

The invention aims to provide a high-phosphorus aluminum chromium brick for a waste melting furnace and a preparation method thereof, so that the high-phosphorus aluminum chromium brick can be prepared through one-time sintering, has excellent anti-permeability and can overcome the defects of complex process and high cost in the prior art.

The purpose of the invention is realized by the following technical scheme:

the high-phosphorus aluminum chromium brick for the waste melting furnace is characterized by comprising the following raw materials in percentage by weight:

50-70% of particles;

20-30% of fine powder;

10-20% of micro powder;

bulk SiO₂Effective content is 1-3%;

2-8% of phosphorus introduction substance is added.

The particles are one or more of chromium oxide particles, aluminum chromium slag particles, white corundum particles and tabular corundum particles.

The chromium oxide particles are electric melting materials or sintering materials.

The fine powder is one or more of chromium oxide fine powder, aluminum chromium slag fine powder, white corundum fine powder and tabular corundum fine powder.

The chromium oxide fine powder is an electric melting material or a sintering material.

The micro powder is one or two of chromium oxide green micro powder and calcined alumina micro powder.

For introducing SiO₂The siliceous raw material is one or more of zircon powder, andalusite powder, sillimanite powder, kyanite powder, silica micropowder, quartz powder and clay powder. Introducing excessive SiO₂The erosion resistance of the material is reduced; introducing too little SiO₂The ability to retain phosphorus is limited. So that SiO₂The effective content is not too much or too little, and the SiO is integrally formed₂The effective content accounts for 1-3% of the total weight of the raw materials.

The combination of the particles, the fine powder and the micro powder comprises aluminum raw materials and chromium raw materials.

The phosphorus introduction substance is one or more of liquid phosphoric acid, liquid aluminum dihydrogen phosphate, solid phosphoric acid, solid aluminum dihydrogen phosphate and solid aluminum phosphate.

A preparation method of a high phosphorus aluminum chrome brick for a waste melting furnace comprises the following steps: adopting a friction brick press or vibration pressurization or hydraulic or isostatic pressing for molding, drying the blank, and then sintering the blank in a high-temperature kiln according to the conventional temperature rise curve of the chromium corundum brick, wherein the sintering temperature is 1350-1700 ℃; when fired, because of SiO₂Can generate a small amount of liquid phase, and the phosphorus can be effectively preserved in the liquid phase, thereby obtaining the aluminum-chromium brick with high phosphorus content. When fired, conventional aluminum chromium bricks do not allow phosphorus to remain in the brick effectively, P₂O₅Will evaporate in a large amount, even if more phosphorus is added, measured as P₂O₅The calculated effective residual amount of phosphorus is still less than 0.3% of the weight of the brick, and the high-phosphorus aluminum chrome brick for the waste melting furnace prepared by the method can retain the phosphorus in the introduced small amountIn the liquid phase, with P₂O₅The calculated residual phosphorus amount is greater than 2% of the brick weight.

Compared with the prior art, the method has the beneficial effects that the high-phosphorus-content aluminum-chromium brick is directly fired in one step without an impregnation process or other complex processes which are difficult to realize, and the used technical principle is as follows: in the high-temperature sintering process, phosphorus and SiO are utilized₂The affinity of a small amount of generated liquid phase avoids the volatilization of a large amount of phosphorus, so that the anti-penetration capability of the aluminum-chromium material is greatly improved.

Drawings

FIG. 1 is an enlarged 20-fold overall structural view of a high phosphorus aluminum chromium brick used for a waste melting furnace in the sixth embodiment;

FIG. 2 is an energy spectrum of the whole area composition in the sixth example;

FIG. 3 is a 200-fold enlarged substrate structure view of a high-P aluminum-chromium brick used for the waste melting furnace in the sixth embodiment;

FIG. 4 is a schematic view of the surface distribution of the matrix elements in the sixth example.

Detailed Description

The present invention will now be described by way of example in order to fully explain the features of the present invention, but the embodiments of the present invention are not limited to the following examples, and may be modified as appropriate depending on the circumstances within the allowable range:

the invention will be described with reference to specific examples: