阅读说明：本技术 用于复合材料制备的改性玄武岩纤维短切纱的制备方法 (Preparation method of modified basalt fiber chopped yarn for composite material preparation ) 是由 曹海波 杨国华 程友良 方兵华 于 2020-06-04 设计创作，主要内容包括：本发明公开了一种用于复合材料制备的改性玄武岩纤维短切纱的制备方法,具体步骤为：玄武岩纤维短切纱的改性处理：使用含活性基团的低分子量改性有机硅树脂溶液对玄武岩纤维表面进行包覆改性处理,得到改性玄武岩纤维。通过本方法制得的改性玄武岩纤维短切纱可代替玻璃纤维作为复合材料的增强型原料,绿色环保且得到的复合材料性能优异。同时,该方法还适用于处理玄武岩纤维无捻纱、轴向布等。(The invention discloses a preparation method of modified basalt fiber chopped yarn for composite material preparation, which comprises the following specific steps: modification treatment of basalt fiber chopped yarns: and (3) coating and modifying the surface of the basalt fiber by using a low-molecular-weight modified organic silicon resin solution containing active groups to obtain the modified basalt fiber. The modified basalt fiber chopped strand prepared by the method can replace glass fiber to serve as an enhanced raw material of the composite material, is green and environment-friendly, and the obtained composite material has excellent performance. Meanwhile, the method is also suitable for processing the basalt fiber untwisted yarns, axial cloth and the like.)

1. A preparation method of modified basalt fiber chopped yarn for composite material preparation is characterized by comprising the following steps:

modification treatment of basalt fiber chopped yarns: and (3) coating and modifying the surface of the basalt fiber by using a low-molecular-weight modified organic silicon resin solution containing active groups to obtain the modified basalt fiber.

2. The preparation method of the modified basalt fiber chopped yarn for composite material preparation according to claim 1, wherein the specific operation of the modification treatment of the basalt fiber is as follows:

putting the modified organic silicon resin solution into a vacuum kneading kettle, starting a kneading motor, slowly adding the basalt fiber chopped yarns in a stirring state, starting a heating device and a vacuum pump, controlling the temperature of the materials to be 40-60 ℃, controlling the vacuum degree to be-0.05-0.095 MPa, kneading and stirring for 10-30 min, turning the kneading and stirring direction, kneading and stirring for 10-30 min, cooling, and obtaining the modified basalt fiber chopped yarns.

3. The preparation method of the modified basalt fiber chopped yarn for composite material preparation according to claim 1, which is characterized by further comprising the following steps before the modification treatment of the basalt fiber:

preparation of modified silicone resin solution (in parts by solids): sequentially adding 40-50 parts of toluene and 40-55 parts of xylene into a reaction kettle with a stirrer, starting the stirrer, slowly adding 1-10 parts of low-molecular-weight organic silicon resin containing active groups and 0.1-2 parts of silane coupling agent, starting a heating device, heating to 30-50 ℃ at a heating speed of 5-6 ℃/min, and preserving heat at the temperature for 30-90 min to obtain the modified organic silicon resin solution.

4. The preparation method of the modified basalt fiber chopped yarn for composite material preparation according to claim 1, which is characterized by further comprising the following steps after the modification treatment of the basalt fiber:

in order to prevent the modified basalt fiber chopped yarns from being bonded into lumps, the kneaded modified basalt fiber chopped yarns are put into a horizontal type air-blast stirring drying barrel to be dried and reacted, hot air is blown upwards from the material, and the material is dried in a stirring state.

5. The preparation method of the modified basalt fiber chopped yarn for composite material preparation according to claim 1, wherein the preparation method comprises the following steps: the rotating speed of the stirrer is 60-80 r/min.

6. The preparation method of the modified basalt fiber chopped yarn for composite material preparation according to claim 4, wherein the preparation method comprises the following steps: the stirring and drying temperature is 50-70 ℃, the rotating speed of the stirrer is controlled at 20-40r/min, and the stirring and drying time is 60-120 min.

7. The preparation method of the modified basalt fiber chopped yarn for composite material preparation according to claim 2, wherein the preparation method comprises the following steps: the stirring speed of the kneader is 40-60 r/min.

Technical Field

The invention particularly relates to a preparation method of modified basalt fiber chopped yarn for preparing a composite material.

Background

The basalt fiber is a novel inorganic environment-friendly green high-performance fiber material and is composed of oxides such as silicon dioxide, aluminum oxide, calcium oxide, magnesium oxide, ferric oxide, titanium dioxide and the like. The basalt fiber has high strength, and also has various excellent performances of electrical insulation, corrosion resistance, high temperature resistance and the like. In addition, the production process of the basalt fiber determines that the produced waste is less, the environmental pollution is less, and the product can be directly degraded in the environment after being discarded without any harm, so the basalt fiber is a real green and environment-friendly material. Basalt fibers are one of four major fibers (carbon fibers, aramid fibers, ultra-high molecular weight polyethylene and basalt fibers) which are mainly developed in China. Compared with glass fiber, the basalt fiber has higher tensile strength, higher elastic modulus and higher use temperature, but because the basalt fiber has poor bonding force and compatibility with resin matrixes such as phenolic aldehyde, epoxy, unsaturated polyester, polyurethane and the like. Compared with glass fiber, the composite material reinforced by basalt fiber has unobvious performance advantages, high cost and low cost performance, the performance advantages of basalt fiber are not fully exerted, and the use of basalt fiber in the field of composite materials is greatly limited. The conventional process is to treat the surface of basalt fiber with a coupling agent-type impregnating compound to increase the adhesion and compatibility with a resin matrix, but no breakthrough progress has been made for a long time.

Disclosure of Invention

The invention aims to overcome the defects in the prior art and provide the preparation method of the modified basalt fiber chopped strand for preparing the composite material, and the modified basalt fiber chopped strand prepared by the method can replace glass fiber as a reinforced raw material of the composite material, and is green and environment-friendly.

In order to achieve the purpose, the technical scheme adopted by the invention comprises the following steps: modification treatment of basalt fiber chopped yarns: and (3) coating and modifying the surface of the basalt fiber by using a low-molecular-weight modified organic silicon resin solution containing active groups to obtain the modified basalt fiber.

In the invention, further, the specific operations of the modification treatment of basalt fiber are as follows: putting the modified organic silicon resin solution into a vacuum kneading kettle, starting a kneading motor, slowly adding the basalt fiber chopped yarns in a stirring state, starting a heating device and a vacuum pump, controlling the temperature of the materials to be 40-60 ℃, controlling the vacuum degree to be-0.05-0.095 MPa, kneading and stirring for 10-30 min, turning the kneading and stirring direction, kneading and stirring for 10-30 min, cooling, and obtaining the modified basalt fiber chopped yarns.

In the invention, further, before the modification treatment of the basalt fiber, the method also comprises the following steps: preparation of modified silicone resin solution (in parts by solids): sequentially adding 40-50 parts of toluene and 40-55 parts of xylene into a reaction kettle with a stirrer, starting the stirrer, slowly adding 1-10 parts of low-molecular-weight organic silicon resin containing active groups and 0.1-2 parts of silane coupling agent, starting a heating device, heating to 30-50 ℃ at a heating speed of 5-6 ℃/min, and preserving heat at the temperature for 30-90 min to obtain the modified organic silicon resin solution.

In the invention, further, after the modification treatment of the basalt fiber, the method also comprises the following steps:

in order to prevent the modified basalt fiber chopped yarns from being bonded into lumps, the kneaded modified basalt fiber chopped yarns are put into a horizontal type air-blast stirring drying barrel to be dried and reacted, hot air is blown upwards from the material, and the material is dried in a stirring state.

In the invention, the rotating speed of the stirrer is further 60-80 r/min.

In the invention, further, the stirring and drying temperature is 50-70 ℃, the rotating speed of the stirrer is controlled at 20-40r/min, and the stirring and drying time is 60-120 min.

In the invention, the stirring speed of the kneader is 40-60 r/min.

The invention has the beneficial effects that: the organic silicon resin structure contains both an organic group and an inorganic structure, the inorganic part can be well compatible with the basalt fiber to generate stronger physical adsorption force, and the functional group (hydroxyl, aldehyde group, carboxyl, ester group, urethane group, epoxy group and the like) of the organic part can be compatible with the resin matrix and generate cross-linking reaction, and can also generate adsorption force on the basalt fiber. The inorganic basalt fiber part and the organic resin part form a strong bonding effect through the middle organic silicon resin, so that the comprehensive performance of the composite material is improved, and meanwhile, the heat resistance, the toughness and the weather resistance of the resins such as epoxy, unsaturated polyester, polyurethane and the like can be improved due to the introduction of the organic silicon resin, so that the improvement of the comprehensive performance of the composite material is greatly facilitated.

Detailed Description

In order to make the objects, technical solutions and advantages of the present invention more apparent, the present invention is further described in detail below with reference to examples (according to examples). It should be understood that the specific embodiments described herein are merely illustrative of the invention and are not intended to limit the invention.