阅读说明：本技术 一种螺栓防松装置及其防松方法 (Bolt anti-loosening device and anti-loosening method thereof ) 是由 石洋 项杰 于 2020-04-27 设计创作，主要内容包括：本发明公开了一种螺栓防松装置及其防松方法,其中,装置包括棘轮和垫板,棘轮可拆卸的套装在螺栓的螺母上；垫板可拆卸的套设在螺栓的外侧,垫板上设有止回机构,止回机构用于与棘轮的棘齿啮合,以防止棘轮朝螺栓松动的方向转动。本发明通过将棘轮和螺栓的螺母可拆卸连接,使棘轮能够与螺母同步转动,并在螺栓拧紧后,套设在螺栓外侧的垫板上的止回机构与棘轮的棘齿啮合,使螺栓或螺母在安装到位后被止回机构锁死,防止棘轮朝螺栓松动的方向转动,并在对螺栓进行拆卸的时候,仅需将棘轮沿螺栓或螺母的轴线方向取下,再旋出螺栓或螺母,即可完成拆卸,本发明能够解决现有的防松装置需要通过破坏防松装置的方式进行拆卸、以及不可重复利用的问题。(The invention discloses a bolt anti-loosening device and an anti-loosening method thereof, wherein the device comprises a ratchet wheel and a base plate, and the ratchet wheel is detachably sleeved on a nut of a bolt; the backing plate is detachably sleeved on the outer side of the bolt, and a non-return mechanism is arranged on the backing plate and is used for being meshed with the ratchet of the ratchet wheel so as to prevent the ratchet wheel from rotating towards the loosening direction of the bolt. According to the invention, the ratchet wheel and the nut of the bolt are detachably connected, so that the ratchet wheel can synchronously rotate with the nut, the check mechanism sleeved on the backing plate outside the bolt is meshed with the ratchet of the ratchet wheel after the bolt is screwed down, the bolt or the nut is locked by the check mechanism after being installed in place, the ratchet wheel is prevented from rotating towards the loosening direction of the bolt, and the bolt can be disassembled only by taking down the ratchet wheel along the axial direction of the bolt or the nut and then screwing out the bolt or the nut.)

1. A bolt loosening prevention device, comprising:

the ratchet wheel (1) is detachably sleeved on the nut of the bolt (3);

backing plate (2), detachable cover are established the outside of bolt (3), be equipped with non return mechanism on backing plate (2), non return mechanism be used for with ratchet (101) meshing of ratchet (1) to prevent ratchet (1) court bolt (3) not hard up direction rotates.

2. The anti-loosening device for bolts according to claim 1, wherein the check mechanism comprises:

one end of the non-return ejector rod (4) is rotatably connected with the backing plate (2), and the other end of the non-return ejector rod (4) is meshed with the ratchet (101) of the ratchet wheel (1);

and the positioning pin (5) is used for fixing the non-return ejector rod (4) on the base plate (2) after the bolt (3) is screwed down so as to prevent the ratchet wheel (1) from rotating towards the loosening direction of the bolt (3).

3. The bolt looseness prevention device according to claim 2, wherein at least two check mechanisms are arranged on the backing plate (2), and the at least two check mechanisms are uniformly distributed on the outer side of the ratchet wheel (1).

4. The bolt looseness prevention device of claim 2, wherein said check mechanism further comprises a coupling assembly, said coupling assembly comprising:

the connecting hole is formed in the base plate (2);

and the connecting shaft is arranged on the non-return ejector rod (4) and detachably connected with the connecting hole.

5. A bolt looseness prevention device according to claim 4, wherein said connection holes are plural and uniformly distributed on the outer side of said ratchet wheel (1).

6. The bolt looseness prevention device according to claim 4, wherein the connecting assembly further comprises a torsion spring arranged at the rotary connection position of the check ejector rod (4) and the backing plate (2).

7. The anti-loosening device for bolts according to claim 1, further comprising a washer (6), wherein the washer (6) is sleeved on the screw of the bolt (3) and is positioned below the nut.

8. A bolt looseness prevention device according to claim 1, wherein a contact surface of said ratchet wheel (1) with said nut is a friction surface.

9. A bolt loosening prevention method, comprising:

sleeving the ratchet wheel (1) of a bolt lock according to any one of claims 1 to 8 on the nut of the bolt (3);

placing the base plate (2) on a connecting plate (7) to be screwed with the bolt (3), and screwing the bolt (3) on the connecting plate (7);

the ratchet wheel (1) is prevented from rotating towards the loosening direction of the bolt (3) by the engagement of the check mechanism and the ratchet teeth (101) of the ratchet wheel (1).

10. A method for preventing loosening of a bolt according to claim 9, further comprising, before engaging with the ratchet teeth (101) of the ratchet wheel (1) by the check mechanism:

according to the diameter of the ratchet wheel (1), the connecting position between the check mechanism and the backing plate (2) is determined so as to ensure that the check mechanism is meshed with the ratchet teeth (101) of the ratchet wheel (1).

Technical Field

The invention belongs to the technical field of fasteners, and particularly relates to a bolt anti-loosening device and an anti-loosening method thereof.

Background

The bolt is a common fastener, and the bolt is widely applied due to the characteristics of low cost, wide application range, high connection reliability and the like. Due to the particularity of some working environments, the engineering machinery can frequently vibrate, for example, the coal mining machine almost continuously vibrates in the working process, particularly, the vibration of the coal mining machine in a thin coal seam is more serious, the bolt fastener can be loosened due to the severe vibration, and particularly, the loosening condition of frequently-detached parts such as cover plates is more serious. Therefore, in order to avoid danger caused by bolt loosening of the coal mining machine due to vibration, the following solutions are more common in view of the above situations:

(1) the thread pair is enlarged, the coarse thread is changed into the fine thread, but the loosening of the thread can be only relieved, and the practical problem cannot be fundamentally solved. Moreover, the frequent disassembly of the cover plate may cause the fine thread pair to be damaged;

(2) mechanical anti-loosening is adopted, the bolt is drilled, and then a plurality of threads are connected in series by iron wires. Although the anti-loosening mode has a certain anti-loosening effect, for the cover plate which is frequently disassembled, the cover plate is inconvenient to assemble and disassemble and low in efficiency, and the anti-loosening mode can influence the maintenance schedule of the electric control part to a greater extent;

(3) adopt mechanical anti loosening structure, though the mechanical anti loosening structure among the prior art can the fastening bolt, place the bolt and rotate to the not hard up direction of bolt, nevertheless because its and bolt fixed connection, consequently, just can dismantle the bolt to destroying anti loosening structure, also lead to anti loosening structure can not reuse, especially the application occasion that needs periodic disassembly, caused very big waste.

Therefore, a bolt anti-loosening device or method which can facilitate the installation and disassembly of the bolt is in need of research.

Disclosure of Invention

Aiming at the defects in the prior art, the invention provides a bolt anti-loosening device and an anti-loosening method thereof, and solves the problem that the bolt can be disassembled only by damaging the anti-loosening device in the prior art.

One aspect of the present invention provides a bolt loosening prevention device, including:

the ratchet wheel is detachably sleeved on the nut of the bolt;

the bolt is sleeved with the backing plate in a detachable mode, the backing plate is provided with a non-return mechanism, and the non-return mechanism is used for being meshed with the ratchet of the ratchet wheel so as to prevent the ratchet wheel from rotating towards the loosening direction of the bolt.

Further, the check mechanism includes:

one end of the non-return ejector rod is rotatably connected with the backing plate, and the other end of the non-return ejector rod is meshed with the ratchet of the ratchet wheel;

and the positioning pin is used for fixing the non-return ejector rod on the base plate after the bolt is screwed down so as to prevent the ratchet wheel from rotating towards the loosening direction of the bolt.

Furthermore, the backing plate is provided with at least two non-return mechanisms which are uniformly distributed on the outer side of the ratchet wheel.

Further, non return mechanism still includes coupling assembling, coupling assembling includes:

the connecting hole is formed in the base plate;

and the connecting shaft is arranged on the non-return ejector rod and detachably connected with the connecting hole.

Furthermore, the connecting holes are uniformly distributed on the outer side of the ratchet wheel.

Furthermore, coupling assembling still is including establishing the non return ejector pin with backing plate swivelling joint department's torsional spring.

Further, the bolt anti-loosening device further comprises a washer, and the washer is sleeved on the screw rod of the bolt and located below the nut.

Further, the contact surface of the ratchet wheel and the nut is a friction surface.

The invention provides a bolt anti-loosening method on the other hand, which comprises the following steps:

sleeving a ratchet wheel of the bolt anti-loosening device on a nut of a bolt;

placing the base plate on a connecting plate to be screwed with the bolt, and screwing the bolt on the connecting plate;

the ratchet wheel is prevented from rotating towards the loosening direction of the bolt by the engagement of the check mechanism and the ratchet teeth of the ratchet wheel.

Further, before the ratchet of the ratchet wheel is engaged through the check mechanism, the ratchet mechanism further comprises:

and determining the connecting position between the non-return mechanism and the backing plate according to the diameter of the ratchet wheel so as to ensure that the non-return mechanism is meshed with the ratchet of the ratchet wheel.

According to the bolt anti-loosening device and the bolt anti-loosening method, the ratchet wheel and the nut of the bolt are detachably connected, so that the ratchet wheel can rotate synchronously with the nut, the check mechanism sleeved on the backing plate on the outer side of the bolt is meshed with the ratchet of the ratchet wheel after the bolt is screwed down, the bolt or the nut is locked by the check mechanism after being installed in place, the ratchet wheel is prevented from rotating towards the loosening direction of the bolt, and when the bolt is disassembled, the ratchet wheel is only required to be taken down along the axial direction of the bolt or the nut, and then the bolt or the nut is screwed out, so that the disassembly can be completed.

Additional features and advantages of the invention will be set forth in the description which follows, and in part will be obvious from the description, or may be learned by practice of the invention. The objectives and other advantages of the invention will be realized and attained by the structure particularly pointed out in the written description and claims hereof as well as the appended drawings.

The technical solution of the present invention is further described in detail by the accompanying drawings and embodiments.

Drawings

The accompanying drawings, which are included to provide a further understanding of the invention and are incorporated in and constitute a part of this specification, illustrate embodiments of the invention and together with the description serve to explain the principles of the invention and not to limit the invention. In the drawings:

fig. 1 is a schematic structural diagram of a bolt anti-loosening device according to an exemplary embodiment of the present invention;

fig. 2 is a sectional view of a bolt looseness prevention device provided in an exemplary embodiment of the present invention;

fig. 3 is a schematic flow chart of a bolt loosening prevention method according to an exemplary embodiment of the present invention.

In the figure: 1-ratchet wheel, 2-backing plate, 3-bolt, 4-non-return ejector rod, 5-locating pin, 6-gasket, 7-connecting plate, and 101-ratchet.

Detailed Description

In the description of the present invention, it is to be understood that the terms "center", "longitudinal", "lateral", "length", "width", "thickness", "upper", "lower", "front", "rear", "left", "right", "vertical", "horizontal", "top", "bottom", "inner", "outer", "clockwise", "counterclockwise", and the like, indicate orientations and positional relationships based on those shown in the drawings, and are used only for convenience of description and simplicity of description, and do not indicate or imply that the device or element being referred to must have a particular orientation, be constructed and operated in a particular orientation, and thus, should not be considered as limiting the present invention.

Furthermore, the terms "first", "second" and "first" are used for descriptive purposes only and are not to be construed as indicating or implying relative importance or implicitly indicating the number of technical features indicated. Thus, a feature defined as "first" or "second" may explicitly or implicitly include one or more of that feature. In the description of the present invention, "a plurality" means two or more unless specifically defined otherwise.

In the present invention, unless otherwise expressly specified or limited, the terms "mounted," "connected," "secured," and the like are to be construed broadly and can, for example, be fixedly connected, detachably connected, or integrally connected; can be mechanically or electrically connected; they may be connected directly or indirectly through intervening media, or they may be interconnected between two elements. The specific meanings of the above terms in the present invention can be understood by those skilled in the art according to specific situations.

The preferred embodiments of the present invention will be described in conjunction with the accompanying drawings, and it will be understood that they are described herein for the purpose of illustration and explanation and not limitation.

The invention provides a bolt anti-loosening device on one hand, which is shown in figures 1 and 2 and comprises a ratchet wheel 1 and a backing plate 2, wherein the ratchet wheel 1 is detachably sleeved on a nut of a bolt 3; the backing plate 2 is detachably sleeved on the outer side of the bolt 3, the backing plate 2 is provided with a non-return mechanism, the non-return mechanism is meshed with the ratchet 101 of the ratchet wheel 1 to prevent the ratchet wheel 1 from rotating towards the loosening direction of the bolt 3, and a connecting hole for being sleeved with a nut on the ratchet wheel 1 is a polygonal hole in transition fit with the nut. Through the nut with ratchet 1 and bolt 3 can dismantle the connection, make ratchet 1 can rotate with the nut is synchronous, and after bolt 3 screws up, the non return mechanism who overlaps on backing plate 2 in the bolt 3 outside meshes with ratchet 101 of ratchet 1, make bolt 3 or nut be locked by non return mechanism after installing in place, prevent that ratchet 1 from rotating towards the not hard up direction of bolt 3, and when dismantling bolt 3, only need take off ratchet 1 along the axis direction of bolt 3 or nut, screw out bolt 3 or nut again, can accomplish and dismantle, it is thus obvious, the bolt anti loosening device that this embodiment provided not only can solve current anti loosening device and dismantle through the mode that destroys anti loosening device, and the problem that can not reuse.

As a preferred embodiment, the non-return mechanism comprises a non-return ejector rod 4 and a positioning pin 5, one end of the non-return ejector rod 4 is rotatably connected with the backing plate 2, and the other end of the non-return ejector rod 4 is meshed with the ratchet 101 of the ratchet 1; the positioning pin (5) is used for fixing the non-return ejector rod 4 on the backing plate 2 after the bolt 3 is screwed down so as to prevent the ratchet 1 from rotating towards the loosening direction of the bolt 3. In the present embodiment, the check ejector rod 4 is fixed on the backing plate 2 by the positioning pin 5, so that the check ejector rod 4 is fixed between the two ratchet teeth 101 of the ratchet 1, and further the ratchet 1 is fixed on the backing plate 2, thereby preventing the ratchet 1 from rotating in the direction of loosening the bolt 3.

As a preferred embodiment, the backing plate 2 is provided with at least two check mechanisms, and the at least two check mechanisms are uniformly distributed on the outer side of the ratchet wheel 1. Through setting up two at least non return mechanisms on backing plate 2, can make the power that comes from two at least directions fix ratchet 1 on backing plate 2, make the fixed of ratchet 1 more stable simultaneously, also reduced the resistance that each non return mechanism applyed to ratchet 1, reduced the damage to non return mechanism to when a non return mechanism damages, other non return mechanisms still can mesh with ratchet 101 of ratchet 1, and it is long when having prolonged bolt anti loosening device's use.

As a preferred embodiment, the non-return mechanism further comprises a connecting assembly, the connecting assembly comprises a connecting hole and a connecting shaft, and the connecting hole is formed in the backing plate 2; the connecting shaft is arranged on the non-return ejector rod 4 and detachably connected with the connecting hole. The non-return ejector rod 4 is rotationally connected with the backing plate 2 through the matching of the connecting shaft and the connecting hole, so that when the ratchet wheel 1 rotates along with the nut, the non-return ejector rod 4 rotates along with the ratchet wheel 1 under the driving of the rotation of the ratchet wheel 1, and the non-return ejector rod 4 is ensured to be located between the two ratchets 101 all the time. Meanwhile, the connecting shaft is connected with the connecting hole in a detachable mode, so that the length of the non-return ejector rod 4 and the position of the non-return ejector rod 4 on the base plate 2 can be directly selected according to the reality of the ratchet 1, and the applicability of the anti-loosening device provided by the embodiment is further enhanced.

Furthermore, the connecting holes are uniformly distributed on the outer side of the ratchet wheel 1. Through distribute on backing plate 2 and set up a plurality of connecting holes, can directly select the hookup location of non return ejector pin 4 and backing plate 2 according to ratchet 1's reality, and then strengthened the suitability of the locking device that this embodiment provided.

As a preferred embodiment, the connecting assembly further comprises a torsion spring arranged at the rotary connection position of the check ejector rod 4 and the backing plate 2. In this embodiment, the torsion spring is arranged at the rotary connection part of the non-return ejector rod 4 and the base plate 2, so that when the non-return ejector rod 4 rotates along with the axial rotation of the ratchet 1, the non-return ejector rod 4 can keep the position on the base plate 2 unchanged under the resilience action of the torsion spring, and then the non-return ejector rod 4 is always positioned between the two ratchets 101, so that the non-return ejector rod 4 is fixed between the two ratchets 101 of the ratchet 1 through the positioning pin 5.

In a preferred embodiment, the bolt anti-loosening device further comprises a washer 6, and the washer 6 is sleeved on the screw rod of the bolt 3 and is positioned below the nut. Through the setting of packing ring 6, increased the fastening force to bolt 3, and then reduced ratchet 1 and rotated towards the not hard up direction of bolt 3, made the locking effect to bolt 3 of the bolt locking device that this embodiment provided more obvious.

In a preferred embodiment, the contact surface between the ratchet 1 and the nut is a friction surface. In the embodiment, the contact surface between the ratchet 1 and the nut is a friction surface, so that after the ratchet 1 is sleeved on the nut, the ratchet 1 and the nut are fixed with each other, and further the ratchet 1 can rotate axially under the driving of the rotation of the bolt 3. In addition, the contact surfaces of the ratchet wheel 1 and the nut are respectively provided with vertical stripes, and the stripes on the ratchet wheel 1 can be mutually inserted with the stripes on the nut, so that the ratchet wheel 1 and the nut are mutually fixed through the insertion of the stripes.

In another aspect, the present invention provides a method for preventing loosening of a bolt, referring to fig. 3, including:

s100, sleeving the ratchet 1 of the bolt anti-loosening device on a nut of a bolt 3;

s200, placing the base plate 2 on a connecting plate 7 of the bolt 3 to be screwed, and screwing the bolt 3 on the connecting plate 7;

and S300, meshing the ratchet 101 of the ratchet 1 through a check mechanism to prevent the ratchet 1 from rotating towards the loosening direction of the bolt 3.

According to the bolt anti-loosening method provided by the embodiment, the ratchet wheel 1 is sleeved on the nut of the bolt 3, the ratchet wheel 1 and the nut can rotate synchronously, the base plate 2 is placed on the connecting plate 7 of the bolt 3 to be tightened, after the bolt 3 is tightened, the check mechanism sleeved on the base plate 2 on the outer side of the bolt 3 is meshed with the ratchet 101 of the ratchet wheel 1, the bolt 3 or the nut is locked by the check mechanism after being installed in place, the ratchet wheel 1 is prevented from rotating towards the loosening direction of the bolt 3, when the bolt 3 is disassembled, the ratchet wheel 1 only needs to be taken down along the axial direction of the bolt 3 or the nut, and then the bolt 3 or the nut is screwed out, so that the disassembly can be completed.

As a preferred embodiment, before engaging with the ratchet teeth 101 of the ratchet 1 through the check mechanism, the ratchet further comprises:

the connecting position between the check mechanism and the backing plate 2 is determined according to the diameter of the ratchet 1 so as to ensure that the check mechanism is meshed with the ratchet teeth 101 of the ratchet 1. The applicability of the anti-loosening device provided by the embodiment is further enhanced by directly selecting the length of the non-return ejector rod 4 and the connecting position of the backing plate 2 according to the reality of the ratchet 1.

It will be apparent to those skilled in the art that various changes and modifications may be made in the present invention without departing from the spirit and scope of the invention. Thus, if such modifications and variations of the present invention fall within the scope of the claims of the present invention and their equivalents, the present invention is also intended to include such modifications and variations.