Measuring system and measuring method suitable for multi-scene space magnetic field
阅读说明：本技术 一种适用于多场景空间磁场的测量系统及测量方法 (Measuring system and measuring method suitable for multi-scene space magnetic field ) 是由 李永建 张文婷 杨明 秘明发 于 2020-05-20 设计创作，主要内容包括：本发明为一种适用于多场景空间磁场的测量系统及测量方法。该测量系统包括控制模块和测量装置；所述的控制模块的组成包括NI多通道数据同步采集卡、计算机和电机驱动控制器,三者顺次相连,所述测量装置包括升降模块、运动模块和移动探头模块；其中,运动模块安装在升降模块上方,移动探头模块固定在运动模块中的Z轴导轨上；所述的运动模块包括同步杆、电机、固定座、X轴导轨、Y轴导轨、导轨卡座、Z轴导轨、滑块和联轴器。本发明能够测量空间上任意方向的磁场大小,该传感器体积小、测量精度高、稳定性好,适用于直流到交流100kHz的宽频带范围,并可用于极微弱磁场的测量。(The invention relates to a measuring system and a measuring method suitable for a multi-scene space magnetic field. The measuring system comprises a control module and a measuring device; the control module comprises an NI multi-channel data synchronous acquisition card, a computer and a motor drive controller which are sequentially connected, and the measuring device comprises a lifting module, a motion module and a mobile probe module; the moving module is arranged above the lifting module, and the moving probe module is fixed on a Z-axis guide rail in the moving module; the motion module comprises a synchronizing rod, a motor, a fixed seat, an X-axis guide rail, a Y-axis guide rail, a guide rail clamping seat, a Z-axis guide rail, a sliding block and a coupling. The sensor can measure the magnetic field in any direction in space, has small volume, high measurement precision and good stability, is suitable for the wide frequency band range from direct current to alternating current of 100kHz, and can be used for measuring a very weak magnetic field.)
1. A measuring system suitable for multi-scene space magnetic field is characterized in that the measuring system comprises a control module and a measuring device;
the control module comprises an NI multi-channel data synchronous acquisition card, a computer and a motor drive controller which are sequentially connected,
the measuring device comprises a lifting module, a motion module and a movable probe module; the moving module is arranged above the lifting module, and the moving probe module is fixed on a Z-axis guide rail in the moving module;
the lifting module comprises a lifting platform, a lower substrate and an upper substrate;
the lifting platform is a cylindrical electric remote control lifter, and the upper end surface and the lower end surface of the lifting platform are of square structures with the same side length; the square lower substrate and the square upper substrate have the same side length and are respectively fixed on the lower end surface and the upper end surface of the lifting platform through screws;
the motion module comprises a synchronous rod, a motor, a fixed seat, an X-axis guide rail, a Y-axis guide rail, a guide rail clamping seat, a Z-axis guide rail, a sliding block and a coupling;
a group of fixing seats are respectively fixed at the left end and the right end of the upper base plate, an X-axis guide rail is fixed on each group of fixing seats, and the two X-axis guide rails are parallel; the inner sides of the rear ends of the two X-axis guide rails are connected through a synchronizing rod, and one end of the synchronizing rod penetrates through the X-axis guide rails and is connected with a motor through a coupler; a slide block is arranged above each X-axis guide rail, a guide rail clamping seat is fixed on each slide block through a screw, two ends of each Y-axis guide rail are respectively fixed on the guide rail clamping seats, and the Y-axis guide rails are vertical to the X-axis guide rails; the upper part of one end of the Y-axis guide rail is connected with a motor through a coupler; a sliding block is fixed on one side of the Y-axis guide rail, a fixed seat is fixed on the sliding block, and a vertical Z-axis guide rail is fixed on the fixed seat; a motor is installed on one side of the top end of the Z-axis guide rail through a coupler; a sliding block is fixed in the middle of the Z-axis guide rail, and a movable probe module is installed on the sliding block;
the structure of the X-axis guide rail comprises two cylindrical rails, a conveyor belt, a guide rail outer frame, two end part shells and two transmission shafts; the guide rail outer frame is of a cuboid frame structure with grooves on two sides, two parallel cylindrical rails are fixed inside the guide rail outer frame, the guide rail outer frame is as long as the two cylindrical rails, two ends of the guide rail outer frame and the two ends of the cylindrical rails are respectively provided with an end part shell, the end part shell is of a square structure with one open end, the size of the open end is matched with the size of the side of the slide rail, and the openings of the two end part shells are opposite to each other; the end part shell is also provided with circular through holes, a transmission shaft is arranged in each circular through hole, and the inner sides of the two ends of the conveyor belt are meshed with gears on the surfaces of the transmission shafts;
the main body of the guide rail outer frame is a hollow columnar structure, and the main body of the cross section is two oppositely arranged bow-shaped structures; the upper end and the lower end of the bow-shaped structure are connected, and strip-shaped grooves are formed in the two sides of the bow-shaped structure; the top end of the guide rail outer frame is provided with a cylindrical rail respectively, two ends of the guide rail outer frame are provided with an end part outer shell respectively, the end part outer shells are also provided with circular through holes, each circular through hole is internally provided with a transmission shaft, the upper part of the conveyor belt is arranged on the upper surface of the guide rail outer frame, the lower part of the conveyor belt is arranged in the hollow inner part of the guide rail outer frame, and the inner side of the conveyor belt is meshed with a;
the upper surface of the inside of the sliding block is fixed on a section of length exposed on the surface of the conveying belt, and the left end and the right end of the inside of the sliding block cross over the two cylindrical rails;
the X-axis guide rail, the Y-axis guide rail and the Z-axis guide rail have the same structure;
the structure of the movable probe module comprises a telescopic connecting rod, a connecting head seat, a tray head end, a tray tail end, a drawing rod, a connecting tail seat, a Hall sensor in a sensor array and a PCB (printed circuit board);
the connecting head seat is transversely fixed on a sliding block arranged on the Z-axis guide rail through screws, one end of the side surface of the connecting head seat is connected with the head ends of two three-section type telescopic connecting rods, the tail ends of the two telescopic connecting rods are connected with the connecting tail seat, the connecting tail seat is connected with one side of the head end of the tray through screws, the other side of the head end of the tray is provided with a drawing hole, a drawing rod is arranged in the drawing hole, and the other end of the drawing rod is connected with the tail end of the tray; after the pull rod is pulled out, the PCB is placed on the tray, the right-angle-shaped clamping angles at the head end and the tail end of the tray are used for clamping four corners of the PCB, and the plurality of Hall sensors are arranged on the matrix type PCB in an array mode.
2. The system according to claim 1, wherein the sensor array is in the form of N X X, N ≦ 6, and X ≦ 2.
3. The system according to claim 1, wherein the NI multi-channel data synchronous acquisition card is connected to each hall sensor; the motor drive controller is respectively connected with each motor.
4. The measurement method of the measurement system suitable for the multi-scene space magnetic field according to claim 1, characterized by comprising the following steps:
the method comprises the following steps: determine different application scenarios, i.e. 1) scenario 1: point measurement; 2) scene 2: measuring a linear one-dimensional region; 3) scene 3: measuring a planar two-dimensional area; 4) scene 4: measuring a spatial three-dimensional region; then according to the difference of the measured scenes, making corresponding measuring tracks, the number of measuring points, the fixed-point staying time of the sensors, the number and array arrangement mode of the Hall sensors and the connection mode of the probe placing platform and the telescopic connecting rod;
step two: aiming at a scene 1, a Hall sensor (with an array form of 1 x 1) is arranged at the outermost position of a matrix PCB, and a probe placing platform is positively connected with a telescopic connecting rod; aiming at a scene 2, a plurality of Hall sensors (the array form is N X, N is less than or equal to 6, and X is 1) are installed on a matrix PCB, and meanwhile, a probe placing platform is positively connected with a telescopic connecting rod; aiming at scenes 3 and 4, a plurality of Hall sensors (the array form is N X X, N is less than or equal to 6, and X is less than or equal to 2) are installed on the matrix PCB, and meanwhile, the probe placement platform and the telescopic connecting rod are connected in front or in back;
step three: according to the measuring track and the number of the measuring points established in the first step, the initial position of the Hall sensor is specified, and the height of the lifting platform and the length of the telescopic connecting rod are adjusted, so that the Hall sensor starts to measure after being positioned at the initial position;
step four: the computer sends a motor control signal to the motor drive controller, and the motor drive controller sends a pulse signal to a motor in the measuring device according to a received command so as to drive the motor to drive a transmission shaft connected with the motor and a conveyor belt to rotate together, and further drives a sliding block fixed on the conveyor belt to move according to a preset track; when the magnetic field measurement of each measurement point on the same horizontal plane is completed in a three-dimensional space area in the scene 4, changing the coordinate of the Z axis, and further measuring the magnetic field of the measurement point on the horizontal plane corresponding to the coordinate of the Z axis;
step five: during the movement of the slider according to the predetermined trajectory, the hall sensor will briefly stop 10 at the predetermined measuring point-5s-0.05 s), andthe magnetic field intensity of the measuring points is transmitted to an NI multi-channel data synchronous acquisition card in real time, and the step is sequentially carried out along each measuring point in a preset track until all the measuring points finish magnetic field measurement;
step six: and uploading the data acquired in the step five to a computer by the NI multi-channel data synchronous acquisition card, and carrying out vector synthesis on the three-axis direction magnetic field measured by the Hall sensor to form a real spatial magnetic field distribution image.
Technical Field
The invention relates to the field of multi-scene space magnetic field measurement, in particular to a measuring system and a measuring method suitable for a multi-scene space magnetic field.
Background
With the rapid development of science and technology, various magnetic materials and products thereof are widely applied in various fields such as electrical equipment, medical equipment, aerospace, wireless energy transmission and the like due to superior performance and mature production technology. However, the size and distribution of the magnetic field in the space environment where the magnet is located have a certain influence on the product performance of the magnetic material, and the existence of magnetic field interference and electromagnetic radiation causes a leakage magnetic field in the space to greatly threaten the human body and the surrounding environment, so that the detection of the size and distribution of the magnetic field around the magnetic material product in the working state is particularly important.
Different types of measuring sensors exist for magnetic field measurement under different applications and different magnetic field intensity ranges, and the measuring principles of the sensors include a coil method, a hall principle and the like. At present, the commonly used handheld magnetic field measuring probe is used for detecting an environmental magnetic field, the mode is only limited to the magnetic field intensity at a certain point in a measuring space, and the magnetic field distribution in a certain space range cannot be stably, continuously, accurately and quickly measured, so that a measuring system and a measuring method suitable for a multi-scene space magnetic field are necessary to be designed, automatic point collection can be carried out according to a designed route, the measuring probe can be conveniently replaced, and multi-channel synchronous collection can be realized according to requirements.
In the literature (research on electromagnetic shielding characteristics of a wireless charging system of an electric vehicle in dynasty morning), a device for measuring a space magnetic field is provided, and the device consists of a mechanical arm and a three-dimensional magnetic field measuring instrument produced by Germany Masschek company, wherein the mechanical arm controls the movement of the mechanical arm by means of a motor. The principle of the measuring instrument used in the device is a coil method and only one probe is arranged, so that only single-point information can be acquired at a certain time point. In addition, the device is fixed on a table top, the moving range of the mechanical arm is limited, and the volume of the probe of the measuring instrument is relatively large, so that the operation is inconvenient, and the space measuring interval is limited.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to provide a novel measuring system and a novel measuring method suitable for a multi-scene space magnetic field, aiming at the defects of the prior art. The measuring system is provided with a drawing probe and a PCB placing platform, and a plurality of Hall sensors are fixed on the drawing probe and the PCB placing platform in an array arrangement mode, so that multi-channel data synchronous acquisition can be realized, and different measuring sensors are easy to replace and fix. According to the measuring method, a sliding block moves according to a set route to drive a measuring sensor to move, a plurality of Hall sensors arranged in an array mode measure magnetic field intensity data at each point in the moving process, and the magnetic field intensity data are transmitted to an NI multi-channel data synchronous acquisition card to carry out data acquisition.
The technical scheme for solving the technical problems is as follows:
a measuring system suitable for a multi-scene space magnetic field comprises a control module and a measuring device;
the control module comprises an NI multi-channel data synchronous acquisition card, a computer and a motor drive controller which are sequentially connected,
the measuring device comprises a lifting module, a motion module and a movable probe module; the moving module is arranged above the lifting module, and the moving probe module is fixed on a Z-axis guide rail in the moving module;
the lifting module comprises a lifting platform, a lower substrate and an upper substrate;
the lifting platform is a cylindrical electric remote control lifter, and the upper end surface and the lower end surface of the lifting platform are of square structures with the same side length; the square lower substrate and the square upper substrate have the same side length and are respectively fixed on the lower end surface and the upper end surface of the lifting platform through screws;
the motion module comprises a synchronous rod, a motor, a fixed seat, an X-axis guide rail, a Y-axis guide rail, a guide rail clamping seat, a Z-axis guide rail, a sliding block and a coupling;
a group of fixing seats are respectively fixed at the left end and the right end of the upper base plate, an X-axis guide rail is fixed on each group of fixing seats, and the two X-axis guide rails are parallel; the inner sides of the rear ends of the two X-axis guide rails are connected through a synchronizing rod, and one end of the synchronizing rod penetrates through the X-axis guide rails and is connected with a motor through a coupler; a slide block is arranged above each X-axis guide rail, a guide rail clamping seat is fixed on each slide block through a screw, two ends of each Y-axis guide rail are respectively fixed on the guide rail clamping seats, and the Y-axis guide rails are vertical to the X-axis guide rails; the upper part of one end of the Y-axis guide rail is connected with a motor through a coupler; a sliding block is fixed on one side of the Y-axis guide rail, a fixed seat is fixed on the sliding block, and a vertical Z-axis guide rail is fixed on the fixed seat; a motor is installed on one side of the top end of the Z-axis guide rail through a coupler; a sliding block is fixed in the middle of the Z-axis guide rail, and a movable probe module is installed on the sliding block;
the structure of the X-axis guide rail comprises two cylindrical rails, a conveyor belt, a guide rail outer frame, two end part shells and two transmission shafts; the guide rail outer frame is of a cuboid frame structure with grooves on two sides, two parallel cylindrical rails are fixed inside the guide rail outer frame, the guide rail outer frame and the two cylindrical rails are the same in length, two ends of the guide rail outer frame and the two ends of the cylindrical rails are respectively provided with an end part shell, the end part shells are of a square structure with one open end, the size of the open end is matched with the size of the side of the slide rail, and the openings of the two end part shells are opposite to each other (the left side and the right side); the end part shell (the front side and the rear side) is also provided with circular through holes, a transmission shaft is arranged in each circular through hole, and the inner sides of the two ends of the conveyor belt are meshed on gears on the surfaces of the transmission shafts;
the main body of the guide rail outer frame is a hollow columnar structure, and the main body of the cross section is two oppositely arranged bow-shaped structures; the upper end and the lower end of the bow-shaped structure are connected, and strip-shaped grooves are formed in the two sides of the bow-shaped structure; the top end of the guide rail outer frame is provided with a cylindrical rail respectively, two ends of the guide rail outer frame are provided with an end part outer shell respectively, the end part outer shells are also provided with circular through holes, each circular through hole is internally provided with a transmission shaft, the upper part of the conveyor belt is arranged on the upper surface of the guide rail outer frame, the lower part of the conveyor belt is arranged in the hollow inner part of the guide rail outer frame, and the inner side of the conveyor belt is meshed with a;
the upper surface of the inside of the sliding block is fixed on a section of length exposed on the surface of the conveying belt, and the left end and the right end of the inside of the sliding block cross over the two cylindrical rails;
the X-axis guide rail, the Y-axis guide rail and the Z-axis guide rail have the same structure;
the structure of the movable probe module comprises a telescopic connecting rod, a connecting head seat, a tray head end, a tray tail end, a drawing rod, a connecting tail seat, a Hall sensor in a sensor array and a PCB (printed circuit board);
the connecting head seat is transversely fixed on a sliding block arranged on the Z-axis guide rail through screws, one end of the side surface of the connecting head seat is connected with the head ends of two three-section type telescopic connecting rods, the tail ends of the two telescopic connecting rods are connected with the connecting tail seat, the connecting tail seat is connected with one side of the head end of the tray through screws, the other side of the head end of the tray is provided with a drawing hole, a drawing rod is arranged in the drawing hole, and the other end of the drawing rod is connected with the tail end of the tray; after the pull rod is pulled out, placing a PCB on the tray, wherein right-angle clamping angles at the head end and the tail end of the tray are used for clamping four corners of the PCB, and a plurality of Hall sensors are arranged on the matrix PCB in an array arrangement mode;
the sensor array is in a form of N X X, N is less than or equal to 6, and X is less than or equal to 2.
The NI multi-channel data synchronous acquisition card is connected with each Hall sensor respectively; the motor driving controller is respectively connected with each motor;
the measuring method of the measuring system suitable for the multi-scene space magnetic field comprises the following steps:
the method comprises the following steps: determine different application scenarios, i.e. 1) scenario 1: point measurement; 2) scene 2: measuring a linear one-dimensional region; 3) scene 3: measuring a planar two-dimensional area; 4) scene 4: measuring a spatial three-dimensional region; then according to the difference of the measured scenes, making corresponding measuring tracks, the number of measuring points, the fixed-point staying time of the sensors, the number and array arrangement mode of the Hall sensors and the connection mode of the probe placing platform and the telescopic connecting rod;
step two: aiming at a scene 1, a Hall sensor (with an array form of 1 x 1) is arranged at the outermost position of a matrix PCB, and a probe placing platform is positively connected with a telescopic connecting rod; aiming at a scene 2, a plurality of Hall sensors (the array form is N X, N is less than or equal to 6, and X is 1) are installed on a matrix PCB, and meanwhile, a probe placing platform is positively connected with a telescopic connecting rod; aiming at scenes 3 and 4, a plurality of Hall sensors (the array form is N X X, N is less than or equal to 6, and X is less than or equal to 2) are installed on the matrix PCB, and meanwhile, the probe placement platform and the telescopic connecting rod are connected in front or in back;
step three: according to the measuring track and the number of the measuring points established in the first step, the initial position of the Hall sensor is specified, and the height of the lifting platform and the length of the telescopic connecting rod are adjusted, so that the Hall sensor starts to measure after being positioned at the initial position;
step four: the computer sends a motor control signal to the motor drive controller, and the motor drive controller sends a pulse signal to a motor in the measuring device according to a received command so as to drive the motor to drive a transmission shaft connected with the motor and a conveyor belt to rotate together, and further drives a sliding block fixed on the conveyor belt to move according to a preset track; when the magnetic field measurement of each measurement point on the same horizontal plane is completed in a three-dimensional space area in the scene 4, changing the coordinate of the Z axis, and further measuring the magnetic field of the measurement point on the horizontal plane corresponding to the coordinate of the Z axis;
step five: during the movement of the slider according to the predetermined trajectory, the hall sensor will briefly stop 10 at the predetermined measuring point-5s-0.05 s, and transmitting the magnetic field intensity of the measurement point to an NI multi-channel data synchronous acquisition card in real time, wherein the step is sequentially carried out along each measurement point in a preset track until all the measurement points finish magnetic field measurement;
step six: and uploading the data acquired in the step five to a computer by the NI multi-channel data synchronous acquisition card, and carrying out vector synthesis on the three-axis direction magnetic field measured by the Hall sensor to form a real spatial magnetic field distribution image.
Compared with the prior art, the invention has the beneficial effects that:
(1) in order to reflect the spatial magnetic field distribution closer to the reality, the measuring probe adopts a three-dimensional magnetic field measuring sensor based on the Hall effect principle, can measure the magnetic field in any direction in the space, has small volume, high measuring precision and good stability, is suitable for the wide frequency band range from direct current to alternating current of 100kHz, and can be used for measuring the extremely weak magnetic field.
(2) The invention designs a pull-out probe and PCB placing platform, a pull-out rod 21 is hidden in the head end 19 of a tray by the platform, right-angle clamping corners are arranged at four corners of the platform and are used for fixing a sensing probe and a PCB, the whole length of the tray is adjusted by pulling the pull-out rod, and the design not only can place PCBs 26 with different sizes as required so as to increase and decrease the number of three-dimensional magnetic field measuring sensors more conveniently, but also can replace and fix sensing probes with different principles, such as a coil method, and the like and different structural sizes, and also saves space for experimental operation.
(3) According to the measuring probe, the three-dimensional magnetic field measuring sensors 25 are arranged on the matrix type PCB 26 in an array arrangement mode, multipoint and multichannel data are synchronously acquired in parallel, the asynchronous measurement error of data of each point caused by time difference caused by serial acquisition of different sensor data is avoided, the measuring progress is accelerated, and the overall measuring efficiency and accuracy are improved.
(4) According to the invention, the connection tailstock 24 is connected with the probe placing platform through the screw 23, and the three side surfaces of the head end 19 of the tray are provided with the threaded holes, so that the connection mode of the connection tailstock and the probe placing platform can be changed, and the array arrangement mode of the three-dimensional magnetic field sensor 25 can be flexibly adjusted to adapt to different actual measurement scenes, thereby realizing the space magnetic field measurement of points, lines, surfaces and bodies. Namely, three probe arrangement modes can meet three magnetic field measurement modes.
(5) The connecting rod adopts the telescopic connecting rod 14, is respectively connected with the sliding block 16 and the probe placing platform through the connecting head seat 17 and the connecting tail seat 24, and the telescopic connecting rod design can further enhance the mechanical strength and stability of the connecting rod, improve the reliability of measurement, meet the requirement of space magnetic field measurement in a certain area of the circumference, be suitable for electrical equipment with more complicated shapes and have wider measurement space range compared with the common connecting rod.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram of a structural connection of a measurement system according to an embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 2 is a schematic perspective view of a measuring device according to an embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 3 is a schematic perspective view of a measuring apparatus according to an embodiment of the present invention, in which a motion module and a mobile probe module are connected;
FIG. 4 is a top view of a measuring device with a motion module and a moving probe module connected according to an embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 5 is a schematic structural diagram of an X-axis guide rail in the measuring apparatus according to an embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 6 is a side cross-sectional view of an X-axis guide rail in a measuring device according to an embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 7 is a side cross-sectional view of a guide rail housing in a measuring apparatus according to an embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 8 is a front view of a moving probe module in a measuring device according to an embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 9 is a schematic perspective view of a probe placement platform in a measuring device according to an embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 10 is a partial perspective view of a mobile probe module of a measuring device according to an embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 11 is a front view of the probe placement platform and the telescopic connecting rod of the measuring device according to the embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 12 is a front view of the probe placement platform and the telescoping connection rod of the measuring device according to an embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 13 is a front view of the probe placement platform and the telescoping connection rod in a measurement device in accordance with an embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 14 is a diagram of three-dimensional vector analysis of magnetic induction intensity during point measurement in the measurement method according to an embodiment of the present invention;
fig. 15 is a diagram of a sensor movement track for measuring a linear one-dimensional region (taking the number of points to be measured as 10 and the sensor array as 5 × 1) in the measuring method according to an embodiment of the present invention;
fig. 16 is a sensor movement track diagram for measuring a planar two-dimensional area (the number of points to be measured is 8 × 10, and the number of sensor arrays is 4 × 1) in the measuring method according to an embodiment of the present invention;
in the figure: 1. a spatial magnetic field measuring device; 2. an NI multi-channel data synchronous acquisition card; 3. a computer; 4. a motor drive controller; 5. a lifting platform; 6. a lower substrate; 7. an upper substrate; 8. a synchronization lever; 9. a motor; 10. a fixed seat;
11. an X-axis guide rail; 111. a cylindrical rail; 112. a conveyor belt; 113. a guide rail outer frame; 114. an end housing; 115. a drive shaft;
12. a Y-axis guide rail; 13. a guide rail clamping seat; 14. a telescopic connecting rod; 15. a Z-axis guide rail; 16. a slider; 17. connecting the first seat; 18. a coupling; 19. the head end of the tray; 20. the tail end of the tray; 21. a pull rod; 22. a threaded hole; 23. a screw; 24. connecting a tailstock; 25. a Hall sensor; 26. a PCB board;
Detailed Description
Specific examples of the present invention are given below. The specific examples are only intended to illustrate the invention in further detail and do not limit the scope of protection of the claims of the present application.
The invention provides a measuring system and a measuring method suitable for a multi-scene space magnetic field, wherein the measuring system comprises a control module and a measuring device;
the control module is composed as shown in fig. 1, and comprises an NI multi-channel data synchronous acquisition card 2, a computer 3 and a motor drive controller 4 which are sequentially connected, wherein the NI multi-channel data synchronous acquisition card 2 is connected with a Hall sensor 25; the motor drive controller 4 is connected with the motor 9;
the NI multi-channel data synchronous acquisition card 2 adopts a PCI-6255 model; the device is used for collecting the measurement data of the Hall sensor 25 in the measuring device and transmitting the measurement data to the computer 3;
the computer 3 is a computer provided with LabVIEW software; the system is used for controlling the acquisition signal of the NI multi-channel data synchronous acquisition card 2 and releasing a driving signal to the motor driving controller 4;
the motor drive controller 4 adopts a Risym TB6600 model; the motor 9 is used for driving and regulating and controlling the measuring device to rotate;
the control module is arranged on an experiment operating platform beside the measuring device.
The measuring device comprises a lifting module, a motion module and a movable probe module as shown in FIG. 2; the moving module is arranged above the lifting module, and the moving probe module is fixed on a Z-axis guide rail in the moving module;
the lifting module comprises a lifting platform 5, a lower substrate 6 and an upper substrate 7;
the lifting platform 5 adopts a three-section column type electric remote control lifter as a known device, and the upper end surface and the lower end surface of the lifting platform are of square structures with the same side length; the side lengths of the square lower substrate 6 and the square upper substrate 7 are the same and are respectively fixed on the lower end surface and the upper end surface of the lifting table 5 through screws, and the side lengths of the lower substrate 6 and the upper substrate 7 are both larger than the side lengths of the lower end surface and the upper end surface of the lifting table 5; wherein, the lifting platform 5, the lower substrate 6 and the upper substrate 7 are all made of vibration-resistant and corrosion-resistant high-strength steel plates;
the motion module comprises a synchronous rod 8, a motor 9, a fixed seat 10, an X-axis guide rail 11, a Y-axis guide rail 12, a guide rail clamping seat 13, a Z-axis guide rail 15, a sliding block 16 and a coupling 18;
a group of fixing seats 10 (two in each group) is respectively fixed at the left end and the right end of the upper base plate 7, an X-axis guide rail 11 is fixed on each group of fixing seats 10, and the two X-axis guide rails 11 are parallel; the inner sides of the rear ends of the two X-axis guide rails 11 are connected through a synchronizing rod 8, and one end of the synchronizing rod 8 penetrates through the X-axis guide rails 11 and is connected with a motor 9 through a coupler 18; a slide block 16 is respectively arranged above each X-axis guide rail 11, a guide rail clamping seat 13 is fixed on each slide block 16 through a screw, two ends of each Y-axis guide rail 12 are respectively fixed on the guide rail clamping seats 13, and the Y-axis guide rail 12 is vertical to the X-axis guide rail 11; the upper part of one end of the Y-axis guide rail 12 is connected with a motor 9 through a coupler 18; a sliding block 16 is fixed on one side (front side) of the Y-axis guide rail 12, a fixed seat 10 is fixed on the sliding block 16, and a vertical Z-axis guide rail 15 is fixed on the fixed seat 10; the motor 9 is arranged on the inner side (left side) of the top end of the Z-axis guide rail 15 through a coupler 18; a slide block 16 is fixed on the inner side (front side) of the Z-axis guide rail 15, and a movable probe module is installed on the slide block 16;
namely, the motion module is provided with four sliding blocks 16, five fixed seats 10 and three couplings 18 which are connected with three motors 9, the four sliding blocks are respectively arranged on four guide rails, the four fixed seats are used for fixing two X-axis guide rails above the upper base plate 7, the other fixed seat is arranged on a sliding block on the Y-axis guide rail 12, each coupling 18 is connected with one motor 9 and is respectively fixed at the front end of the X-axis guide rail at the right end in the figure 3, above the right end of the Y-axis guide rail and on the left side above the Z-axis guide rail;
the motor 9 is connected with the guide rail through a coupler 18 and is used for driving a transmission shaft on the guide rail to move so as to drive a sliding block 16 fixed on the conveyor belt to move; the synchronous rod 8 is used for setting the transmission shafts of the two X-axis guide rails to synchronously move so as to ensure that the upper sliding blocks synchronously operate; the two sliders 16 above the X-axis guide rail are used for driving the Y-axis guide rail 12 to move, the sliders on the side surfaces of the Y-axis guide rail are used for driving the Z-axis guide rail 15 to move, and the sliders on the front surface of the Z-axis guide rail are used for driving the movable probe module to move according to a set route;
the structure schematic diagram of the X-axis guide rail 11 is shown in fig. 5 and 6, and is composed of two cylindrical rails 111, a conveyor belt 112, a guide rail outer frame 113, two end housings 114 and two transmission shafts 115; the guide rail outer frame 113 is a rectangular frame structure with grooves on two sides, two parallel cylindrical rails 111 are fixed inside the guide rail outer frame 113, the length of the guide rail outer frame 113 is the same as that of the two cylindrical rails 111, two ends of the guide rail outer frame 113 and the two ends of the cylindrical rails 111 are respectively provided with an end part shell 114, the end part shell 114 is a square structure with one open end, the size of the open end is matched with that of the side of the slide rail, and the openings of the two end part shells 114 are opposite to each other (the left side and the right side); the end part shell 114 (front side and rear side directions) is also provided with circular through holes, each circular through hole is internally provided with a transmission shaft 115, and the inner sides of the two ends of the conveyor belt 112 are meshed on gears on the surfaces of the transmission shafts 115;
the cross-sectional side view of the guide rail outer frame 113 is shown in fig. 7, the main body of the guide rail outer frame 113 is a hollow columnar structure, and the main body of the cross section is two oppositely arranged bow-shaped structures; the upper end and the lower end of the arch-shaped structure are connected (the left side is in an arch shape, the right side is in a projection shape, the distance between arch backs is the width of a belt), and strip-shaped grooves are arranged on the two sides; a cylindrical rail 111 is respectively arranged at the top end of the guide rail outer frame 113, (the left and right facing inverted L-shaped part at the top of fig. 7 is the limit structure of the cylindrical rail 111 in the embodiment, but not limited thereto), an end shell 114 is respectively arranged at two ends of the guide rail outer frame 113, the end shells 114 (in the front and rear directions) are also provided with circular through holes, a transmission shaft 115 is arranged in each circular through hole, the upper part of the conveyor belt 112 is arranged on the upper surface of the guide rail outer frame 113, the lower part of the conveyor belt is arranged in the hollow interior of the guide rail outer frame 113, and the inner side of the conveyor belt is engaged;
the upper surface of the inside of the sliding block 16 is fixed on a section of length exposed on the surface of the conveyor belt 112, and the left end and the right end of the inside of the sliding block 16 cross over the two cylindrical rails 111;
when the motor 9 starts to rotate by receiving a signal sent by the motor driving controller 4, the transmission shaft 115 connected with the motor 9 is driven to rotate, the transmission shaft 115 drives the conveyor belt 112 to move through the meshing relationship, and further drives the sliding block fixed on the conveyor belt 112 to slide along the two cylindrical rails 111;
the X-axis guide rail 11, the Y-axis guide rail 12 and the Z-axis guide rail 15 have the same structure, and the difference is only the length of the guide rails, wherein the two X-axis guide rails and the two Y-axis guide rails have the same structure and size, the length of the cylindrical rail 111 and the guide rail outer frame 113 is 600mm, and the length of the cylindrical rail 111 and the guide rail outer frame 113 of the Z-axis guide rail is 300 mm;
the structure of the mobile probe module is shown in fig. 8, 9 and 10, and comprises a telescopic connecting rod 14, a connecting head seat 17, a tray head end 19, a tray tail end 20, a drawing rod 21, a connecting tail seat 24, a hall sensor 25 and a PCB 26;
the connecting head seat 17 is transversely fixed on a sliding block arranged on a Z-axis guide rail 15 through screws, one end of the side surface of the connecting head seat is connected with the head ends of two three-section type telescopic connecting rods 14, the tail ends of the two telescopic connecting rods are connected with a connecting tail seat 24, the connecting tail seat is connected with the side surface or the front surface of a tray head end 19 through screws, the other side of the tray head end 19 is provided with a drawing hole, a drawing rod 21 is arranged in the drawing hole, the other end of the drawing rod 21 is connected with a tray tail end 20, after the drawing rod 21 is drawn out, a PCB is placed on the tray, right-angle clamping angles of the tray head end and the tail end are used for clamping four corners of the PCB, and a plurality of Hall sensors 25 are arranged on a;
preferably, the hall sensor 25 is of an Ametes MFS-3A model, is a three-dimensional magnetic field measuring sensor based on the hall effect principle, can measure the magnitude of a magnetic field in any direction in space, has small volume, high measuring precision and good stability, is suitable for a wide frequency band range from direct current to alternating current of 100kHz, and can be used for measuring a very weak magnetic field; the structure that the plurality of Hall sensors 25 are arranged on the matrix type PCB 26 in an array arrangement mode can meet the requirement of multi-point multi-channel data parallel synchronous acquisition, avoid asynchronous measurement errors of data of each point caused by time difference caused by serially acquiring different sensor data, and further accelerate the measurement progress; the sensor array is in a form of N X X, wherein N and X are variable parameters, the parameter N represents the number of Hall sensors arranged in the long side direction of the PCB, the parameter X represents the number of Hall sensors arranged in the short side direction of the PCB, and the following parameter limitations are provided according to the size requirement in the design: n is less than or equal to 6, X is less than or equal to 2, and the specific numerical values of the N and the X can be adjusted according to the measurement requirement. The parameter of the device in the drawings of the specification takes the value of N-6 and X-1.
The telescopic connecting rod 14 is of a three-section telescopic structure (as shown in fig. 8), and the telescopic connecting rod 14, the connecting head seat 17 and the connecting tail seat 24 are designed into an integrated structure in the manufacturing process, wherein the connecting head seat 17 is of a rectangular structure, the length of the long side of the connecting head seat is the same as that of the short side of the slider 16, the length of the short side is half of that of the long side of the slider, and a penetrating threaded hole 22 is formed in the surface of the connecting head seat; the connecting tailstock 24 is also of a rectangular structure, the side length of the rectangle is smaller than that of the side surface of the head end 19 of the tray, and penetrating threaded holes are formed in the surface of the rectangular structure; the outer structure of the tray head end 19 is a cube (as shown in fig. 9), the inner part is a hollow structure for the operation of the pull rod 21, two right-angle clamping angles are designed at two outer corners above the tray head end, and corresponding threaded holes are formed in the positions of three side surfaces of the tray head end, which are correspondingly connected with the threaded holes of the tailstock; the connecting tailstock 20 is also of a cubic structure, two right-angle clamping angles are designed at two outer corners above the connecting tailstock, and three cylindrical drawing rods 21 are fixed on the inner side surface of the connecting tailstock;
the telescopic connecting rod 14, the connecting head seat 17 and the connecting tail seat 24 in the mobile probe module are all made of non-magnetic conductive aluminum, and the probe placing platform comprises a tray head end 19, a tray tail end 20 and a pull rod 21 which are all made of non-magnetic conductive bakelite;
a lifting driving motor is arranged in the lifting platform 5, the motor is connected with a power supply through an electric wire, signal transmission is carried out on a wireless receiver of the device through a wireless remote controller, a micro control unit is arranged in the lifting driving motor for processing, and then the driving unit is controlled to control the motor; the motors 9 arranged at the ends of the X-axis guide rail 11, the Y-axis guide rail 12 and the Z-axis guide rail 15 are connected with the motor driving controller 4 through electric wires, and the motor driving controller releases signals to control the movement of the motors; the motor driving controller 4 is connected with a power supply through an electric wire and is controlled by the computer 3 to release a driving signal; the telescopic connecting rod 14 is manually operated and does not need to be electrically connected.
The invention also provides a measuring method suitable for the multi-scene space magnetic field, which is characterized by comprising the following steps:
the method comprises the following steps: for different application scenarios and actual measurement requirements, measurement trajectories can be classified into three types, namely 1) scenario 1: point measurement; 2) scene 2: measuring a linear one-dimensional region; 3) scene 3: measuring a planar two-dimensional area; 4) scene 4: and measuring a spatial three-dimensional region. According to different measured scenes, corresponding measuring tracks, the number of measuring points, the fixed-point staying time of the sensors, the number and array arrangement mode of the Hall sensors 25 and the connection mode of the probe placing platform and the telescopic connecting rod are made;
step two: aiming at the scene 1, a Hall sensor 25 (in an array form of 1 x 1) which has a tiny volume and high precision and is suitable for extremely weak magnetic field measurement is installed at the outermost position of a matrix PCB 26 so as to enable the measurement space range to be wider, and meanwhile, a probe placing platform is connected with a telescopic connecting rod 14 in a positive mode (as shown in FIG. 11); for the scene 2, a plurality of hall sensors 25 (array form is N X, N is less than or equal to 6, X is 1) are mounted on the matrix PCB 26, and the probe placement platform is connected with the telescopic connecting rod 14 in the positive direction (as shown in fig. 11); aiming at scenes 3 and 4, a plurality of Hall sensors 25 (the array form is N X, N is less than or equal to 6, and X is less than or equal to 2) are installed on a matrix PCB 26, and meanwhile, a probe placing platform and a telescopic connecting rod 14 are connected in front (as shown in figure 12) or connected in back (as shown in figure 13);
step three: according to the measurement tracks and the number of the measurement points established in the first step, the initial position of the Hall sensor 25 is specified (the initial position is determined by a measurement scene, a measurement space range and a measurement route), and the height of the lifting platform 5 and the length of the telescopic connecting rod 14 are adjusted in real time by using a handheld wireless remote controller, so that the Hall sensor 25 starts to measure after being positioned at the initial position;
step four: the computer 3 sends a motor control signal to the motor drive controller 4, and the motor drive controller 4 sends a pulse signal to a motor 9 in the measuring device according to the received command so as to drive the motor 9 to drive a transmission shaft connected with the motor 9 and a conveyor belt to rotate together, and further drives a sliding block fixed on the conveyor belt to move according to a preset track; particularly, for a three-dimensional space region in the scene 4, after magnetic field measurement of each measurement point on the same horizontal plane is completed, the coordinate of the Z axis is changed, and then the magnetic field of the measurement point on the horizontal plane corresponding to the coordinate of the Z axis is measured;
step five: in the process that the sliding block moves according to the preset track, the Hall sensor 25 stays at the preset measuring point for 0.05s for a short time (the Hall sensor can be properly adjusted according to the excitation frequency of the measured equipment or the approximate frequency range of the space), the magnetic field intensity of the measuring point is measured and transmitted to the NI multi-channel data synchronous acquisition card 2 in real time, and the steps are sequentially carried out along each measuring point in the preset track until all the measuring points finish magnetic field measurement;
step six: and the NI multichannel data synchronous acquisition card 2 uploads the data acquired in the step five to LabVIEW software at a computer terminal, the software performs operation operations such as Fourier decomposition, spectrum analysis and the like by using a programmed sequence, and vector synthesis is performed on the three-axis direction magnetic field measured by the Hall sensor 25 to form a real spatial magnetic field distribution image.
FIG. 14 is a diagram of three-dimensional vector analysis of magnetic induction intensity in point measurement in the measurement method according to an embodiment of the present invention, and the diagram is shown in the x, y and z axesThe magnetic induction component vectors in the three directions are respectivelyThe included angles with the three axes of x, y and z are α, β and gamma respectively, and then the magnetic induction intensity isThe direction cosine thereof is respectivelyAnd cos2α+cos2β+cos2γ＝1。
Fig. 15 is a sensor movement track diagram of a linear one-dimensional region measurement (taking the number of points to be measured as 10, and the sensor array as 5 × 1) in the measurement method according to an embodiment of the present invention, and at this time, the probe placement platform is directly connected to the telescopic connecting rod 14 (as shown in fig. 11), so that the measurement probe only needs to move 1 time (measurement 2 times) in the process of measuring the magnetic field strength of all points, and if only one sensor is used for single-channel data acquisition, the measurement probe needs to move 9 times (measurement 10 times) in the process of measuring the magnetic field strength of all points, so that the multi-channel data synchronous acquisition method provided in the present invention greatly improves the measurement efficiency for the magnetic field measurement of the linear one-dimensional region;
fig. 16 is a sensor movement track diagram of measuring a planar two-dimensional region (the number of points to be measured is 8 × 10, and the sensor array is 4 × 1) in the measuring method according to an embodiment of the present invention, and at this time, the probe placement platform is connected to the telescopic connecting rod 14 in front (as shown in fig. 12) or in back (as shown in fig. 13), so that the measuring probe only needs to move 19 times (measuring 20 times) in the process of measuring the magnetic field strength of all points, and if only one sensor is used for single-channel data acquisition, the measuring probe needs to move 79 times (measuring 80 times) in the process of measuring the magnetic field strength of all points, because the multi-channel data synchronous acquisition method provided in the present invention greatly improves the measuring efficiency of measuring the magnetic field in the planar two-dimensional region;
the measurement of the space three-dimensional magnetic field is to measure a plurality of plane two-dimensional areas, and because the multi-channel data synchronous acquisition method provided by the invention greatly improves the measurement efficiency for the magnetic field measurement of the plane two-dimensional areas, the efficiency for the measurement of the space three-dimensional magnetic field can also be greatly improved;
the working principle and the working process of the measuring system suitable for the multi-scene space magnetic field are as follows:
a motor control signal is sent to the motor drive controller 4 by operating the computer 3, the motor drive controller 4 is controlled to release a signal to drive a motor 9 in the measuring device to rotate, the motor 9 drives a transmission shaft on the guide rail to rotate together, and the transmission shaft drives a sliding block fixed on the transmission shaft to move according to a set route; in the process of moving the sliding block, the Hall sensors 25 measure the magnetic field intensity of each point in the space where the Hall sensors are located and transmit the magnetic field intensity to the NI multi-channel data synchronous acquisition card 2, and the NI multi-channel data synchronous acquisition card 2 uploads the data measured by the Hall sensors to LabVIEW software at the computer end for data processing.
Nothing in this specification is said to apply to the prior art.
The invention is not the best known technology.