阅读说明：本技术 一种墙面生态板材料及其制备方法 (Wall ecological plate material and preparation method thereof ) 是由 郭镜哲 陈红章 于 2020-03-27 设计创作，主要内容包括：本发明公开了一种墙面生态板材料及其制备方法,墙面生态板材料由以下质量计的原料制成：长石7-15％、石英6-14％、粉煤灰2-10％、碱矸9-17％、苏州土0.5-3％、膨胀土0.3-2.1％、CaCO<Sub>3</Sub>3-11％、MgCO<Sub>3</Sub>5-13％、生物质30-46％、石墨纤维0.05-0.15％、淀粉2-4％；墙面生态板材料呈矩形板状结构。墙面生态板材料的制备方法包括基料制备、功能性材料制备、板胚成型、烧成及后处理。本发明具有一定的透气性,其内含有大量细微的吸附性碳材料,能够持续对室内甲醛进行吸附,同时,具有解吸附的功能。通过在墙面生态板材料内设置纵横方向的小孔,能够进一步提高墙面生态板材料吸附甲醛的能力。(The invention discloses a wall ecological plate material and a preparation method thereof, wherein the wall ecological plate material is prepared from the following raw materials in mass: 7-15% of feldspar, 6-14% of quartz, 2-10% of fly ash, 9-17% of alkali waste rock, 0.5-3% of Suzhou soil, 0.3-2.1% of expansive soil, CaCO 3 3‑11％、MgCO 3 5-13%, 30-46% of biomass, 0.05-0.15% of graphite fiber and 2-4% of starch; the wall ecological plate material is in a rectangular plate structure. The preparation method of the wall ecological plate material comprises base material preparation, functional material preparation, plate blank forming, sintering and post-treatment. The formaldehyde adsorption material has certain air permeability, contains a large amount of fine adsorption carbon materials, can continuously adsorb indoor formaldehyde, and has a desorption function. Through set up the aperture of length and breadth direction in the ecological plate material of wall, can further improve the ability that the ecological plate material of wall adsorbs formaldehyde.)

1. The utility model provides a wall ecological plate material which characterized in that: the wall ecological plate material is prepared from the following raw materials by mass: 7-15% of feldspar, 6-14% of quartz, 2-10% of fly ash, 9-17% of alkali waste rock, 0.5-3% of Suzhou soil, 0.3-2.1% of expansive soil, CaCO₃3-11％、MgCO₃5-13%, 30-46% of biomass, 0.05-0.15% of graphite fiber and 2-4% of starch;

the wall ecological plate material is of a rectangular plate-shaped structure, the back of the wall ecological plate material is provided with protrusions shaped like Chinese character 'jing', and small holes in the longitudinal direction and the transverse direction are formed in the wall ecological plate material.

2. The method for preparing the ecological plate material for the wall surface according to claim 1, which comprises the following steps:

(1) weighing feldspar, quartz, fly ash, alkali waste, Suzhou soil and expansive soil in proportion, ball-milling, adding water in the ball-milling process, wherein the proportion of the materials, the balls and the water is 1:1.5-2.5:0.4-0.9, sieving by a 60-100-mesh sieve after ball-milling, drying at the temperature of 100-150 ℃, and then grinding, drying, sieving and ageing to form a base material;

(2) weighing the bed material and then feeding it into a fluidized bed furnace, CaCO₃、MgCO₃Weighing biomass, feeding into fluidized bed furnace, CaCO₃、MgCO₃The biomass and the bed material are subjected to anaerobic calcination in a fluidized bed heating furnace in a fluidized state, the calcination temperature is 650-830 ℃, the calcination time is 5-12min, and CaCO₃、MgCO₃The ratio of the total mass of the biomass to the weight of the bed material is 1:1-3, and CaCO is obtained after calcination₃Decomposing to generate CaO and MgCO₃Decomposing to generate calcium oxide, pyrolyzing the biomass to generate biomass charcoal, introducing steam for cooling after calcining, discharging and sieving after cooling, removing bed materials, and performing ball milling to obtain a functional material;

(3) mixing the base material, the functional material and the starch, homogenizing, extruding and curing by a screw extruder, heating by an external heat source in the extruding and curing process at the heating temperature of 80-150 ℃, keeping the temperature and homogenizing for 30-80min after curing, adding the graphite fiber after homogenizing, keeping the temperature and stirring, pressing and molding by a molding machine, polishing the upper surface after molding, and printing to form a slab;

(4) and (3) firing the plate blank in a firing furnace at the firing temperature of 1100-1230 ℃, continuously introducing steam in the firing process, finishing firing, edging, polishing the surface, checking, packaging and leaving the factory.

3. A wall ecological plate material as claimed in claim 1, wherein: the biomass has moisture content of less than or equal to 20%, particle size of 1-4cm, and ash content of less than or equal to 0.5%.

4. The method for preparing the ecological plate material for the wall surface of claim 2, which is characterized in that: the bed material is ceramic balls or alumina balls, and the particle size of the bed material is 0.5-1 cm.

5. The method for preparing the ecological plate material for the wall surface of claim 2, which is characterized in that: in the step (2), the volatile content in the biomass charcoal is 30-40%.

6. The method for preparing the ecological plate material for the wall surface of claim 2, which is characterized in that: in the step (2), CaCO₃Has a decomposition rate of 80-86%, MgCO₃The decomposition rate of (A) is 90-95%.

Technical Field

The invention belongs to the technical field of wall decoration materials, and particularly relates to a wall ecological plate material and a preparation method thereof.

Background

With the improvement of living environment of people, the demands for house decoration and the like are gradually increased, and a large amount of decorative materials are used in rooms, which also brings the problem of indoor air pollution. Of which formaldehyde is the major air pollutant. Formaldehyde has been identified by the world health organization as a carcinogenic and teratogenic substance. Biochemically, formaldehyde can directly act with biological macromolecules to poison the body. Nucleic acid biomacromolecules can also generate addition reaction with hydroxyl of formaldehyde, thereby causing serious pathological changes of organs such as eyes, respiratory tracts and skins exposed in a high-concentration formaldehyde environment, and also causing abnormal functions of human liver, lung and immunity. The memory, sensitivity, balance function, coordination function and the like of people who contact formaldehyde for a long time are reduced to different degrees; the long-term inhalation of pregnant women can cause fetal deformity and even death, and the long-term inhalation of men can cause sperm malformation and death of men. Patients exposed to formaldehyde may develop tremors of the hands, eyes, sweats in the palms, numbness of the limbs and a reduction in the tactile sensation at the tips of the fingers.

Methods for adsorbing formaldehyde are many, including the use of porous species, carbon fibers, photodegradation, electrochemistry, reactive reagents, and the like. Common commercial formaldehyde purification products mainly comprise activated carbon adsorbents, catalysts represented by titanium dioxide and noble metals, air fresheners and the like. However, the activated carbon adsorbent is generally sold in a non-woven fabric carbon bag, the amount of the activated carbon adsorbent is small, the effective contact area of the activated carbon and formaldehyde gas is very small, the effect of adsorbing indoor formaldehyde is very limited, the price of titanium dioxide and noble metal is very high, the titanium dioxide and noble metal cannot be used in large quantities, the efficiency is not very high, and the air freshener cannot really reduce the indoor formaldehyde concentration.

In order to effectively reduce the concentration of formaldehyde in a room, the contact area between the adsorbing material and the indoor air needs to be increased as much as possible, and the manufacturing cost of the adsorbing material needs to be considered. The contact area between the indoor wall and the indoor environment is large, and the method for purifying the indoor air by making the adsorbing material into the inner wall facing material is very efficient.

Disclosure of Invention

The invention aims to overcome the defects of the prior art and provides a wall ecological plate material and a preparation method thereof.

The invention is realized by the following technical scheme:

the utility model provides a wall ecological plate material which characterized in that: the wall ecological plate material is prepared from the following raw materials by mass: 7-15% of feldspar, 6-14% of quartz, 2-10% of fly ash, 9-17% of alkali waste rock, 0.5-3% of Suzhou soil, 0.3-2.1% of expansive soil, CaCO₃3-11％、MgCO₃5-13%, 30-46% of biomass, 0.05-0.15% of graphite fiber and 2-4% of starch;

the wall ecological plate material is of a rectangular plate-shaped structure, the back of the wall ecological plate material is provided with protrusions shaped like Chinese character 'jing', and small holes in the longitudinal direction and the transverse direction are formed in the wall ecological plate material.

A preparation method of wall ecological plate material is characterized by comprising the following steps:

(1) weighing feldspar, quartz, fly ash, alkali waste, Suzhou soil and expansive soil in proportion, ball-milling, adding water in the ball-milling process, wherein the proportion of the materials, the balls and the water is 1:1.5-2.5:0.4-0.9, sieving by a 60-100-mesh sieve after ball-milling, drying at the temperature of 100-150 ℃, and then grinding, drying, sieving and ageing to form a base material;

(2) weighing the bed material and then feeding it into a fluidized bed furnace, CaCO₃、MgCO₃Weighing biomass, feeding into fluidized bed furnace, CaCO₃、MgCO₃The biomass and the bed material are subjected to anaerobic calcination in a fluidized bed heating furnace in a fluidized state, the calcination temperature is 650-830 ℃, the calcination time is 5-12min, and CaCO₃、MgCO₃The ratio of the total mass of the biomass to the weight of the bed material is 1:1-3, and CaCO is obtained after calcination₃Decomposing to generate CaO and MgCO₃Decomposing to generate calcium oxide, pyrolyzing the biomass to generate biomass charcoal, introducing steam for cooling after calcining, discharging and sieving after cooling, removing bed materials, and performing ball milling to obtain a functional material;

(3) mixing the base material, the functional material and the starch, homogenizing, extruding and curing by a screw extruder, heating by an external heat source in the extruding and curing process at the heating temperature of 80-150 ℃, keeping the temperature and homogenizing for 30-80min after curing, adding the graphite fiber after homogenizing, keeping the temperature and stirring, pressing and molding by a molding machine, polishing the upper surface after molding, and printing to form a slab;

(4) and (3) firing the plate blank in a firing furnace at the firing temperature of 1100-1230 ℃, continuously introducing steam in the firing process, finishing firing, edging, polishing the surface, checking, packaging and leaving the factory.

Preferably, the biomass has moisture content of less than or equal to 20%, particle size of 1-4cm, and ash content of less than or equal to 0.5%.

Preferably, the bed material is ceramic balls or alumina balls, and the particle size of the bed material is 0.5-1 cm.

Preferably, in the step (2), the volatile content in the biomass charcoal is 30-40%.

Preferably, in the step (2), CaCO₃Has a decomposition rate of 80-86%, MgCO₃The decomposition rate of (A) is 90-95%.

The working principle of the invention is as follows:

(1)CaCO₃、MgCO₃high-temperature calcination of biomass in fluidized state, CaCO₃、MgCO₃The decomposition generates CaO and MgO with high porosity, the biomass is pyrolyzed, the moisture and part of the volatile matter in the biomass are analyzed, and the bed material plays roles of crushing and grinding, so that the generated CaO and MgO have uniform texture, and the biomass charcoal after the biomass pyrolysis is in uniform fine powder shape.

(2) The base material, the functional material and the starch are mixed and extruded by a screw extruder, so that the starch is gelatinized to form the adhesive with strong adhesiveness.

(3) The graphite fiber can effectively improve the mechanical strength of the wall ecological plate material.

(4) When the plate blank is fired in a firing furnace, volatile matters in the biomass charcoal are further separated out at a high temperature, and part of carbon, steam and O in the biomass charcoal are simultaneously separated out₂、CO₂The reaction is carried out, so that the biomass charcoal forms a carbon material with high porosity and good adsorption property, and meanwhile, CaCO in the base material₃、MgCO₃Complete decomposition of the formed CO₂Used for reacting with carbon in biomass charcoal. Because decomposition reaction and pyrolysis reaction are continuously carried out in the firing process, part of solid is causedThe substances are converted into gaseous substances to be separated out, so that the finished wall ecological plate material is a carbon material with certain air permeability and high adsorption performance.

(5) When in use, the invention is used for wall decoration of buildings such as office buildings, hotels, and the like. Wall ecological plate material is pasted on the wall, wall ecological plate material has certain gas permeability, the fitment is accomplished, because indoor can separate out a large amount of formaldehyde in the short term, at this moment, the carbon material in the wall ecological plate material can be quick adsorbs, because adsorb the back, indoor formaldehyde concentration can obviously reduce, can accelerate further the separating out of formaldehyde, volatilize, after finishing placing a period of time when the fitment, spout a small amount of water into wall ecological plate material surface, water and the CaO in the wall ecological plate material take place the reaction, wall ecological plate material temperature risees, adsorbed formaldehyde separates out rapidly in the carbon material, ventilate through ventilation unit, can get rid of formaldehyde completely. When later stage personnel entered, the carbon material in the ecological plate material of wall can further exert the adsorption to avoid formaldehyde to cause the injury to personnel.

Compared with the prior art, the invention has the beneficial effects that:

(1) wall ecological plate material pastes on the wall, and high adsorption performance's carbon material dispersion distributes in wall ecological plate material for wall ecological plate material can play fine adsorption, can desorb through simple mode simultaneously, continuously adsorbs indoor formaldehyde.

(2) The production raw material of the high-adsorbability carbon material is cheap biomass, and has the advantage of low cost.

(3) The wall ecological plate material also has a certain air conditioning function, and can play a certain air conditioning function, so that the wall is prevented from mildewing and breeding bacteria due to humidity.

(4) In the process of firing, the invention has decomposition reaction and pyrolysis reaction continuously, and part of solid matters are converted into gaseous matters to be separated out, so that the ecological board material of the wall surface has air permeability, and CaCO₃、MgCO₃The biomass charcoal is fine powder, and cannot influence the wall ecological plate materialAfter the mechanical strength is increased through the graphite fiber, the wall ecological plate material has the advantage of high mechanical strength.

Drawings

Fig. 1 is a schematic appearance diagram of an ecological wall board material according to the present invention.

Fig. 2 is a schematic view of the distribution of pores in the ecological plate material for wall surface.

Fig. 3 is a schematic view of the back protrusions of the ecological plate material for wall surface.

In the figure, 1, a wall ecological plate material.

Detailed Description

Referring to fig. 1, 2 and 3, an ecological plate material for wall surface is characterized in that: the wall ecological plate material is prepared from the following raw materials by mass: 7-15% of feldspar, 6-14% of quartz, 2-10% of fly ash, 9-17% of alkali waste rock, 0.5-3% of Suzhou soil, 0.3-2.1% of expansive soil, CaCO₃3-11％、MgCO₃5-13%, 30-46% of biomass, 0.05-0.15% of graphite fiber and 2-4% of starch;

the wall ecological plate material is of a rectangular plate-shaped structure, the back of the wall ecological plate material is provided with protrusions shaped like Chinese character 'jing', and small holes in the longitudinal direction and the transverse direction are formed in the wall ecological plate material.

A preparation method of wall ecological plate material is characterized by comprising the following steps:

(1) weighing feldspar, quartz, fly ash, alkali waste, Suzhou soil and expansive soil in proportion, ball-milling, adding water in the ball-milling process, wherein the proportion of the materials, the balls and the water is 1:1.5-2.5:0.4-0.9, sieving by a 60-100-mesh sieve after ball-milling, drying at the temperature of 100-150 ℃, and then grinding, drying, sieving and ageing to form a base material;

(2) weighing the bed material and then feeding it into a fluidized bed furnace, CaCO₃、MgCO₃Weighing biomass, feeding into fluidized bed furnace, CaCO₃、MgCO₃The biomass and the bed material are subjected to anaerobic calcination in a fluidized bed heating furnace in a fluidized state, the calcination temperature is 650-830 ℃, the calcination time is 5-12min, and CaCO₃、MgCO₃The ratio of the total mass of the biomass to the weight of the bed material is 1:1-3, and the process is carried outAfter calcination, CaCO₃Decomposing to generate CaO and MgCO₃Decomposing to generate calcium oxide, pyrolyzing the biomass to generate biomass charcoal, introducing steam for cooling after calcining, discharging and sieving after cooling, removing bed materials, and performing ball milling to obtain a functional material;

(3) mixing the base material, the functional material and the starch, homogenizing, extruding and curing by a screw extruder, heating by an external heat source in the extruding and curing process at the heating temperature of 80-150 ℃, keeping the temperature and homogenizing for 30-80min after curing, adding the graphite fiber after homogenizing, keeping the temperature and stirring, pressing and molding by a molding machine, polishing the upper surface after molding, and printing to form a slab;

(4) and (3) firing the plate blank in a firing furnace at the firing temperature of 1100-1230 ℃, continuously introducing steam in the firing process, finishing firing, edging, polishing the surface, checking, packaging and leaving the factory.

The biomass has moisture content of less than or equal to 20%, particle size of 1-4cm, and ash content of less than or equal to 0.5%.

The bed material is ceramic balls or alumina balls, and the particle size of the bed material is 0.5-1 cm.

In the step (2), the volatile content in the biomass charcoal is 30-40%.

In the step (2), CaCO₃Has a decomposition rate of 80-86%, MgCO₃The decomposition rate of (A) is 90-95%.