阅读说明：本技术 一种废旧聚氨酯材料回收加工成燃料及其燃烧工艺 (Waste polyurethane material recovered and processed into fuel and combustion process thereof ) 是由 陈香刚 于 2020-06-23 设计创作，主要内容包括：本发明公开了一种废旧聚氨酯材料回收加工成燃料及其燃烧工艺,包括以下步骤,(1)准备原材料,(2)对原材料进行破碎,(3)将上一步骤所得的物料通过粉碎机进行粉碎操作,得到直径介于0.5mm至1mm之间的不规则颗粒状物料,以及直径小于0.5mm的不规则状物料,(4)将全部物料通过筛分机进行筛分,(5)将直径介于0.5mm至1mm之间的不规则颗粒运输入搅拌仓内,添加粘结剂并混合搅拌,(6)将所得到的物料通过颗粒机进行挤压成型,(7)将所得的颗粒状物料通过运输机运输至原料仓内备用,(8)将所得的颗粒状物料通过风送送入锅炉内进行燃烧,本发明实现了替代煤、柴油、生物质颗粒作为锅炉燃料,适用性广泛,燃烧产生高热量,环保、节省成本的功能。(The invention discloses a fuel prepared by recycling waste polyurethane materials and a combustion process thereof, which comprises the following steps of (1) preparing raw materials, (2) crushing the raw materials, (3) crushing the materials obtained in the previous step by a crusher to obtain irregular granular materials with the diameter of 0.5-1 mm and irregular materials with the diameter of less than 0.5mm, (4) sieving all the materials by a sieving machine, (5) conveying the irregular granules with the diameter of 0.5-1 mm into a stirring bin, adding a binder, mixing and stirring, (6) extruding and forming the obtained materials by a granulator, (7) conveying the obtained granular materials into a raw material bin by a conveyer for later use, (8) conveying the obtained granular materials into a boiler by wind for combustion, and the invention realizes coal substitution, The diesel oil and biomass particles are used as boiler fuel, so that the boiler has the advantages of wide applicability, high heat generated by combustion, environmental friendliness and cost saving.)

1. A waste polyurethane material is recycled and processed into fuel and a combustion process thereof, and the process comprises the following steps:

(1) preparing an outsourcing recycled rigid polyurethane refrigerator foam waste product as a raw material;

(2) crushing the waste hard polyurethane refrigerator foam prepared in the previous step by using a crusher to obtain a large-volume fragment material after primary crushing;

(3) crushing the material obtained in the last step by a crusher to obtain irregular granular materials with the diameter of 0.5 mm-1 mm and irregular materials with the diameter of less than 0.5 mm;

(4) screening all the materials obtained in the last step by a screening machine, screening irregular particles with the diameter of 0.5mm to 1mm and irregular materials with the diameter of less than 0.5mm, and conveying the materials with the diameter of less than 0.5mm to a special material bin for storage by a conveyor;

(5) conveying the irregular particles with the diameter between 0.5mm and 1mm obtained in the last step into a stirring bin through a conveyer, adding a binder, mixing and stirring;

(6) extruding and molding the material obtained in the last step by a granulator to prepare granular material with the diameter of not more than 10 mm;

(7) the granular materials obtained in the previous step are transported to a raw material bin for standby through a conveyor;

(8) and (4) feeding the granular materials obtained in the last step into a boiler through air conveying for combustion.

2. The process for recycling and processing waste polyurethane materials into fuel and combusting the fuel as claimed in claim 1, wherein the process comprises the following steps: the steps (4) to (8) can be replaced by the following steps:

(4) conveying all the materials obtained in the last step to a grinding machine through a conveyor, and grinding the materials into powder with the diameter not larger than 200 meshes;

(5) transporting the material obtained in the last step to a powder material bin through a conveyer;

(6) and (3) feeding the granular materials obtained in the last step into a jet combustion boiler through air conveying and combusting.

Technical Field

The invention relates to the technical field of polyurethane, in particular to a fuel prepared by recycling waste polyurethane materials and a combustion process thereof.

Background

Polyurethane is a full name of polyurethane, a high molecular compound, which is prepared from Bayer in 1937 by O, polyurethane has two major categories of polyester type and polyether type, and can be prepared into polyurethane plastics (mainly foamed plastics), polyurethane fibers (China is called spandex), polyurethane rubber and elastomers, and polyurethane products mainly comprise the following components: foamed plastic, elastomer, fiber plastic, fiber, leather shoe resin, paint, adhesive, sealant and the like, wherein the foamed plastic accounts for the largest proportion.

At present, most of combustion raw materials adopted in a common boiler on the market are coal, diesel oil and biomass particles, gas generated after the fuel is combusted contains partial harmful gas and cannot be completely combusted, residues are always left and also contain harmful substances, the quality and the cost of natural coal are unstable, the heat obtained by combustion fluctuates along with the quality, polyurethane mainly contains carbon, hydrogen, oxygen and nitrogen and generates a large amount of heat energy when being combusted with oxygen in the air, 25 to 28MJ is generated for each kilogram of polyurethane, the waste polyurethane material is often used as fuel together with municipal solid waste, partial coal can be replaced to be used as fuel of the boiler, the polyurethane is clean fuel, and the gas generated by combustion only contains a small amount of NO₂Is free of SO₂It is far superior to coal, fuel oil and other fuels.

At present, the waste products of the rigid polyurethane are generally directly treated as garbage or national process wastes in treatment, and the residual value of the waste products is not effectively utilized.

Therefore, the inventor aims to solve the problem of designing a process for recycling and processing hard polyurethane waste products, reusing the hard polyurethane waste products, preparing the hard polyurethane waste products into a specific shape, replacing the original coal, diesel oil and biomass particles as fuels, and matching the hard polyurethane waste products with the existing jet combustion boiler for jet combustion.

SUMMARY OF THE PATENT FOR INVENTION

Aiming at the defects of the prior art, the invention aims to provide a fuel prepared by recycling and processing waste polyurethane materials and a combustion process thereof, which can realize the recycling and processing of hard polyurethane waste products, recycle the hard polyurethane waste products, prepare the hard polyurethane waste products into a specific shape, replace the original coal, diesel oil and biomass particles as fuels, and have the function of matching with the existing jet combustion boiler and carrying out jet combustion.

The technical scheme adopted by the device is as follows: a waste polyurethane material is recycled and processed into fuel and a combustion process thereof, and the process comprises the following steps:

(1) preparing an outsourcing recycled rigid polyurethane refrigerator foam waste product as a raw material;

(2) crushing the waste hard polyurethane refrigerator foam prepared in the previous step by using a crusher to obtain a large-volume fragment material after primary crushing;

(3) crushing the material obtained in the last step by a crusher to obtain irregular granular materials with the diameter of 0.5 mm-1 mm and irregular materials with the diameter of less than 0.5 mm;

(4) screening all the materials obtained in the last step by a screening machine, screening irregular particles with the diameter of 0.5mm to 1mm and irregular materials with the diameter of less than 0.5mm, and conveying the materials with the diameter of less than 0.5mm to a special material bin for storage by a conveyor;

(5) conveying the irregular particles with the diameter between 0.5mm and 1mm obtained in the last step into a stirring bin through a conveyer, adding a binder, mixing and stirring;

(6) extruding and molding the material obtained in the last step by a granulator to prepare granular material with the diameter of not more than 10 mm;

(7) the granular materials obtained in the previous step are transported to a raw material bin for standby through a conveyor;

(8) and (4) feeding the granular materials obtained in the last step into a boiler through air conveying for combustion.

Further, the steps (4) to (8) can be replaced by the following steps:

(4) conveying all the materials obtained in the last step to a grinding machine through a conveyor, and grinding the materials into powder with the diameter not larger than 200 meshes;

(5) transporting the material obtained in the last step to a powder material bin through a conveyer;

(6) and (3) feeding the granular materials obtained in the last step into a jet combustion boiler through air conveying and combusting.

The device of the invention has the beneficial effects that:

1. according to the invention, waste products of hard polyurethane products are recycled, processed and further changed into granular or powdery materials, and then are combusted through a boiler or a jet combustion boiler, according to the chemical characteristics of polyurethane, no residue is generated after combustion, and the generated heat is higher than that of coal powder with the same quality, so that the functions of replacing coal, diesel oil and biomass particles as boiler fuel are realized, the applicability is wide, the high heat is generated by combustion, the environment is protected, and the cost is saved.

Drawings

Fig. 1 is a structural view of a jet combustion boiler.

Fig. 2 is a structural view of an igniter holder of a jet combustion boiler.

FIG. 3 is a block diagram of the electrical circuitry of the injection fired boiler.

Description of reference numerals: 1-conveying the pipe by wind; 2-a silo cover; 3-a raw material bin; 4-a feed inlet; 5-a fan bracket; 6-an air inlet machine; 7-a material baffle plate; 8-a fire damper; 9-filtering the screen; 10-a movable door; 11-an air outlet; 12-a furnace body; 13-refractory bricks; 14-an igniter mount; 15-an igniter; 16-a controller; 17-a wire; 18-bin floor; 19-a feeding fan.

Detailed Description

The apparatus of the present invention will be further illustrated with reference to specific examples, which are provided for illustration of the present invention and are not intended to limit the scope of the present invention. Furthermore, it should be understood that various changes and modifications can be made by those skilled in the art after reading the teaching of the inventive device, and these equivalents also fall within the scope of the appended claims.

A waste polyurethane material is recycled and processed into fuel and a combustion process thereof, and the process comprises the following steps:

(1) preparing an outsourcing recycled rigid polyurethane refrigerator foam waste product as a raw material;

(2) crushing the waste hard polyurethane refrigerator foam prepared in the previous step by using a crusher to obtain a large-volume fragment material after primary crushing;

(3) crushing the material obtained in the last step by a crusher to obtain irregular granular materials with the diameter of 0.5 mm-1 mm and irregular materials with the diameter of less than 0.5 mm;

(4) screening all the materials obtained in the last step by a screening machine, screening irregular particles with the diameter of 0.5mm to 1mm and irregular materials with the diameter of less than 0.5mm, and conveying the materials with the diameter of less than 0.5mm to a special material bin for storage by a conveyor;

(5) conveying the irregular particles with the diameter between 0.5mm and 1mm obtained in the last step into a stirring bin through a conveyer, adding a binder, mixing and stirring;

(6) extruding and molding the material obtained in the last step by a granulator to prepare granular material with the diameter of not more than 10 mm;

(7) the granular materials obtained in the previous step are transported to a raw material bin for standby through a conveyor;

(8) and (4) feeding the granular materials obtained in the last step into a boiler through air conveying for combustion.

Further, the steps (4) to (8) can be replaced by the following steps:

(4) conveying all the materials obtained in the last step to a grinding machine through a conveyor, and grinding the materials into powder with the diameter not larger than 200 meshes;

(5) transporting the material obtained in the last step to a powder material bin through a conveyer;

(6) and (3) feeding the granular materials obtained in the last step into a jet combustion boiler through air conveying and combusting.

Referring to fig. 1 to 3, the structural view of the jet-combustion boiler, the structural view of the igniter bracket and the circuit system block diagram are shown, which comprise an air delivery pipe, a bin cover, a raw material bin, a feed inlet, a fan bracket, an air inlet machine, a baffle plate, a fire baffle plate, a filter screen, a movable door, an air outlet, a boiler body, refractory bricks, an igniter bracket, an igniter, a controller, a lead, a bin bottom plate and a feed fan, wherein the boiler body is cubic and hollow, the refractory bricks are arranged on the inner side of the side wall of the boiler body, the baffle plate is arranged on the upper part of the inner side of the boiler body, the upper end of the baffle plate penetrates through the refractory bricks and is connected with the upper wall of the boiler body, the fire baffle plate is arranged on the inner side of the boiler body, the lower end of the fire baffle plate penetrates through the refractory, the left end of the igniter penetrates through the igniter support, the furnace body is connected with a controller through a lead, a filter screen is arranged between the fire baffle and a refractory brick arranged on the right side wall of the furnace body, the filter screen is movably connected with the fire baffle, a rectangular through hole is formed in the right side wall of the furnace body corresponding to the position of the filter screen, a movable door is arranged on the inner side of the rectangular through hole, a circular through hole is formed in the right side wall of the furnace body, an air outlet is formed in the inner side of the circular through hole, the air outlet is arranged below the movable door, a fan support is arranged above the furnace body, an air inlet machine is fixedly connected above the fan support, the output end of the air inlet machine sequentially penetrates through the upper wall of the furnace body, the refractory brick is communicated with the inner space of the furnace body, the output end of the air inlet machine is arranged above the, there is 30 contained angles bin bottom plate and horizontal direction, the top in former feed bin is provided with open structure and the open structure inboard is provided with the feed bin lid, the former feed bin outside is provided with the feeding fan, the lateral wall that former feed bin was passed to the input of feeding fan just sets up in former feed bin inboard bottom, the output of feeding fan is connected with the blast pipe, the left side lateral wall of furnace body is passed in proper order in the export of blast pipe, resistant firebrick is linked together with the furnace body inner space, the export place height of blast pipe is less than the height of the output of air-supply line, the air inlet machine is connected respectively through the wire to the controller, feeding fan, be provided with raw and other materials in the. … …

The some firearm support divide into the section of igniteing, two parts of pay-off section, the section of igniteing is undercut and the bottom is provided with the semi-enclosed construction of a plurality of meshs, it has the contained angle that is not less than 30 to search for the book to send the material section and horizontal plane, the lower part of sending the material section is provided with the circular through-hole that link up about, the filter screen can be dismantled, with the fender fire board, resistant firebrick separation, the dodge gate is the horizontal direction and to the door, be provided with high temperature resistant joint strip between dodge gate and the furnace body outer wall, still include temperature detector, temperature detector sets up the inboard and the resistant firebrick that is connected with the lateral wall on furnace body.

The raw materials of the invention are particles or powder obtained by crushing, polymerizing and extruding waste products of hard polyurethane products, and can also directly burn outsourced polyurethane particles, the raw materials are fed by air of a feeding fan in a raw material bin and smoothly enter a furnace through an air feeding pipe, the bottom of the raw material bin is designed into a bottom plate with an inclination, thus, the raw materials far away from the feeding fan can sequentially approach the feeding fan by sliding off, and then enter the furnace through the feeding fan, after the raw materials enter the furnace, the raw materials are firstly scattered by downward air output by an air inlet machine and exert a downward force to accelerate the raw materials to fall downwards, and in the falling raw materials, part of the raw materials directly fall on an igniter bracket, slide downwards along the igniter bracket, and can be ignited by an igniter when contacting the igniter, the striker plate only has the function of preventing the materials from being thrown away too far, even turning over the fire damper plate, the fire damper plate blocks flames, the filter screen is particularly arranged at the lower part of the right side of the fire damper plate, and although no residue exists after the polyurethane material is combusted, a small amount of residues which are not completely combusted originally are not eliminated, and partial residues possibly remain, so that the filter screen is assumed at the position, the air flow output outwards is ensured not to contain residues such as fly ash, and the filter screen can be regularly cleaned through the movable door.

The chemical formula of the polyurethane is (C10H8N2O 2. C6H14O3) N, wherein S is not contained, the gas generated by the combustion of the polyurethane only contains a small amount of NO2 and does not contain SO2, the gas is superior to coal in this respect, the natural coal has high composition and mass instability, the heat generated by the combustion floats greatly and is not beneficial to control, in addition, the heat generated by the combustion of most pulverized coal is smaller than that generated by the combustion of a polyurethane product, the heat generated by the combustion of each kilogram of pulverized coal is 15-20MJ, and the heat generated by the combustion of each kilogram of the polyurethane product is 25-28 MJ.

According to the invention, waste products of hard polyurethane products are recycled, processed and further changed into granular or powdery materials, and then are combusted through a boiler or a jet combustion boiler, according to the chemical characteristics of polyurethane, no residue is generated after combustion, and the generated heat is higher than that of coal powder with the same quality, so that the functions of replacing coal, diesel oil and biomass particles as boiler fuel are realized, the applicability is wide, the high heat is generated by combustion, the environment is protected, and the cost is saved.