Machine of shedding between orchard fertilizer trunk
阅读说明:本技术 一种果园有机肥株间抛撒机 (Machine of shedding between orchard fertilizer trunk ) 是由 朱新华 伏胜康 赵伟 魏玉强 郭文川 于 2019-12-18 设计创作,主要内容包括:本发明公开一种果园有机肥株间抛撒机,属于农业机械领域。抛撒机至少包含车体和抛肥装置,车体后部横向连接有抛肥装置;抛肥装置至少水平布置一个抛肥部件、横向伸缩调节部件、高度调节部件,抛肥部件安装在横向伸缩调节部件的滑轨架上;横向伸缩调节部件至少包含一个滑轨架、伸缩液压缸、横向伸缩杆,调节安装于横向伸缩杆上的抛送带的横向位置和横向倾斜角度;高度升降调节部件安装在滑轨架下方。该装置的抛送带的横向位置和横向倾斜角度可调,可以根据不同作业的施肥区域需求对抛肥射程和施肥范围进行控制,特别适用于将肥料抛撒于果园株间区域或果树冠下形成条带,也适用于普通农作物大田的大面积抛肥作业。(The invention discloses an orchard organic fertilizer inter-plant scattering machine, and belongs to the field of agricultural machinery. The spreader at least comprises a vehicle body and a fertilizer spreading device, and the rear part of the vehicle body is transversely connected with the fertilizer spreading device; the fertilizer throwing device is at least horizontally provided with a fertilizer throwing component, a transverse telescopic adjusting component and a height adjusting component, and the fertilizer throwing component is arranged on a slide rail frame of the transverse telescopic adjusting component; the transverse telescopic adjusting part at least comprises a slide rail frame, a telescopic hydraulic cylinder and a transverse telescopic rod, and is used for adjusting the transverse position and the transverse inclination angle of the throwing belt arranged on the transverse telescopic rod; the height lifting adjusting part is arranged below the slide rail frame. The transverse position and the transverse inclination angle of the throwing belt of the device are adjustable, the fertilizer throwing range and the fertilizer application range can be controlled according to the fertilizer application area requirements of different operations, the device is particularly suitable for throwing the fertilizer in an orchard inter-plant area or under a fruit tree crown to form strips, and the device is also suitable for large-area fertilizer throwing operation of a common crop field.)
1. A throwing machine for organic fertilizer plants in an orchard is characterized by at least comprising a vehicle body (1) and a fertilizer throwing device (8); the vehicle body (1) at least comprises a cab (2), an engine (3), a carriage (4), a scraper blanking device (5) and an auxiliary blanking device (6); an engine (3) and a compartment (4) are respectively arranged on the right side and the rear side of a cab (2), a scraper plate blanking device (5) is arranged in the compartment (4), an auxiliary blanking device (6) is arranged at the rear part of the compartment, a certain amount of materials are continuously and uniformly scraped to the compartment (4) and pass through a blanking groove (7) according to needs, a fertilizer throwing device (8) is transversely and fixedly connected below the rear part of the blanking groove (7), and the materials enter the fertilizer throwing device (8) from the compartment (4) through the blanking groove (7);
the fertilizer throwing device (8) at least comprises a fertilizer throwing component (11), a height lifting adjusting component (15), a transverse telescopic adjusting component (14), a rack (16), a feeding trough (7) and a baffle (9); the fertilizer spreading component (11) at least comprises a spreading belt (22), a hydraulic motor (21) and a tensioning mechanism (24); the throwing belt (22) is provided with a scraping strip (23), the throwing belt (22) is arranged on the slide rail frame (17) and can move transversely along a transverse sliding groove (10) on the slide rail frame (17), one end of the throwing belt is connected with an output shaft of a hydraulic motor (21) to serve as a power input end, and the hydraulic motor (21) is fixed on a transverse telescopic rod (19) and can move transversely along with the transverse telescopic rod (19); the tensioning mechanism (24) is tensioned and adjusted through two tensioning adjusting bolts (25) and is arranged on the slide rail frame (17) below the throwing belt (22);
the transverse telescopic adjusting part (14) at least comprises a slide rail frame (17), a telescopic hydraulic cylinder (18) and a transverse telescopic rod (19); the front and back of the slide rail frame (17) are symmetrical, the slide rail frame is vertically fixed on a slide column (28) of the rack (16) in an oriented mode, four transverse sliding grooves (10) and four lifting sliding grooves (26) are formed in a beam of the slide rail frame (17), the end portion of the transverse sliding groove (10) on the left side is gradually tilted upwards to form an arc groove (13), the transverse inclination angle of the throwing belt (22) is partially adjusted through the arc groove (13), and the fertilizer throwing range and the fertilizer application range of different requirements are controlled; the left side of the slide rail frame (17) is used as a material throwing port (12), and an oil pipe through hole (20) for connecting a telescopic hydraulic cylinder (18) with a hydraulic oil pipe is formed in the middle of the slide rail frame (17); one end of a telescopic hydraulic cylinder (18) is fixed on the slide rail frame (17), and the other end of the telescopic hydraulic cylinder is connected with a transverse telescopic rod (19) and is arranged between two elastic sides of the throwing belt (22); the transverse telescopic rod (19) is positioned between the upper beam and the lower beam of the slide rail frame (17), and the transverse telescopic rod (19) moves left and right under the telescopic work of the telescopic hydraulic cylinder (18) so as to adjust the transverse position of the fertilizer throwing component (11);
the height lifting adjusting part (15) is arranged below the slide rail frame (17), is hinged with the hinged end (27) of the rack (16) and is directionally fixed, and at least comprises a pair of transverse slide rods (29), a pair of rotating hinged connecting rods (31) and a lifting hydraulic cylinder (30); a rotary hinge connecting rod (31) is hinged with a hinged end (27) of the rack (16), a transverse sliding rod (29) is connected with a lifting hydraulic cylinder (30), the transverse sliding rod (29) can transversely move in a lifting sliding groove (26) of a sliding rail frame (17), and the height of the sliding rail frame (17) is adjusted through a height lifting adjusting part (15) to change the operation height and the fertilizer falling position of the fertilizer throwing part (11); two ends of the lifting hydraulic cylinder (30) are respectively fixed with the left and right transverse sliding rods (29);
the frame (16) is fixedly connected to the rear end of the carriage (4) of the vehicle body (1), and the frame (16) is provided with two sliding columns (28) and two hinged ends (27); the discharging groove (7) is connected to the rear end of the carriage (4) and fixed on the rack (16); the baffle (9) is arranged on the periphery of the slide rail frame (17) of the throwing belt (22) except for the left material throwing port (12).
2. An orchard organic fertilizer plant spreading machine according to claim 1, wherein four transverse sliding grooves (10) are formed in the sliding rail frame (17), only the end portion of the left transverse sliding groove (10) tilts upwards to form an arc groove (13), and the right transverse sliding groove (10) is in a horizontal state.
3. The inter-plant spreader for orchard organic fertilizers according to claim 1, wherein the rotation speeds of the scraper blanking device (5), the auxiliary blanking device (6) and the throwing belt (22) are adjustable, so that the blanking amount of fertilizers is adjusted; the position, the width and the thickness of the fertilizer spreading strip are controlled by adjusting the rotating speed of a hydraulic motor (21) of the throwing belt (22) and the angle and the height of the throwing belt (22).
4. The orchard organic fertilizer inter-plant spreader according to claim 1, wherein the height lifting adjusting part (15) is hinged with the frame (16), and the height of the fertilizer spreading part (11) is adjusted by adjusting the telescopic length of the lifting hydraulic cylinder (30) so as to meet different operation height requirements.
5. The orchard organic fertilizer inter-plant spreader according to claim 1, wherein the organic fertilizer spreader is particularly suitable for spreading fertilizer in an inter-plant area of an orchard or under a crown of a fruit tree to form strips, and is also suitable for large-area fertilizer spreading operation of a field of common crops; when the fertilizer is operated in a field, the rotating speed of a hydraulic motor (21) of the throwing belt (22) and the angle of the throwing belt (22) are adjusted to increase the fertilizer throwing range.
6. The inter-plant spreader for organic fertilizers in orchards according to claim 1, wherein the organic fertilizers suitable for the organic fertilizer spreader comprise commercial organic fertilizers, livestock manure, and granular or powdery carbon-based agricultural wastes.
The technical field is as follows:
the invention discloses a machine for throwing organic fertilizer plants in an orchard, belongs to the field of agricultural machinery, and particularly relates to mechanical equipment for applying organic fertilizer to the orchard.
Technical background:
in recent years, the production of green organic food has become a trend, green fruits can greatly improve the additional value, people pay more attention to health and prefer green, safe and pollution-free healthy food, the requirement on the quality of crops is higher and higher, the market of organic fertilizers is larger and larger, and the demand is increased. The organic fertilizer applied to the orchard accords with the green development concept, and the construction of the organic orchard is also trendy. The organic fertilizer mainly comprises compost, stable manure, straws, bacterial residues, green manure, mud manure and the like, if the wastes are not effectively utilized, the environment can be greatly polluted, but the wastes can be applied to the field as the organic fertilizer, so that the soil structure can be improved, the soil fertility can be improved, the output rate of cultivated land can be improved, the pollution of various wastes such as livestock manure, crop straws, domestic organic garbage and the like to the environment can be reduced, and the method is an effective method for realizing sustainable development of agriculture.
In production, the organic fertilizer is applied in a mode that ditches are firstly dug on two sides of a fruit tree, and then the organic fertilizer is manually filled into the ditches for earthing, so that the manual fertilization has low efficiency, high labor intensity and high cost, a large amount of labor force is bound, the fertilization uniformity is poor, and the utilization rate of the fertilizer is low; with the continuous enlargement of the planting area of the orchard and the continuous improvement of the modern planting management technology, the requirements of people on the technology of mechanically applying organic fertilizers to fruit trees are higher and higher, the orchard fertilizing machinery in China is imperfect, and especially, the mechanical technical difficulty of applying fertilizers to tree crowns and plants in the orchard is high, the mechanized fertilizing of the orchard is limited, and the technical requirements of the orchard on the fertilizing machinery can not be met; in addition, in the aspect of machinery for fertilizing common field operations, machinery capable of adaptively controlling fertilizing areas and fertilizing amounts of different standards is still quite vacant, and therefore the fertilizing machinery is required to have certain adaptability and controllability to fertilizing technologies of different field standards.
The invention discloses an orchard organic fertilizer inter-plant spreading machine, which can realize mechanized organic fertilizer application among plants of an orchard, solve the problem of difficult fertilization technology among plants of the orchard, can perform mechanized fertilization with adjustable fertilization areas and fertilization amounts on common fields of different standards, and has the characteristics of high fertilization efficiency, strong adaptability, economy and practicality.
The invention content is as follows:
the inter-plant fertilizer spreader for the organic fertilizer in the orchard can not only realize mechanized application of the organic fertilizer among plants in the orchard and solve the problem of difficult inter-plant fertilizer application technology in the orchard, but also can perform mechanized fertilizer application with adjustable fertilizer application area and fertilizer application amount on common fields of different standards, has high fertilizer application efficiency and strong adaptability, is suitable for spreading the fertilizer in the inter-plant areas of the orchard or under fruit tree crowns to form strips, is particularly suitable for furrow application of solid organic fertilizer in the orchard and is also suitable for large-area fertilizer spreading operation of common crop fields with adjustable fertilizer spreading range. Suitable organic fertilizers include commercial organic fertilizers, livestock and poultry manure, and granular or powdery carbon-based agricultural wastes.
The technical problems to be solved by the invention are as follows: how to realize that fertilizer is scattered in the inter-plant area of the orchard or under the fruit tree crown to form a strip, and the fertilizer has certain fertilizer falling position and adjustable fertilizer throwing angle, and can be suitable for large-area fertilizer throwing operation of common crop fields with adjustable fertilizer throwing range.
In order to solve the technical problems, the following technical scheme is provided:
a throwing machine for organic fertilizer plants in an orchard is characterized by at least comprising a vehicle body 1 and a
the
the transverse telescopic adjusting
the height
the
The
The rotating speeds of the scraper
The height
The organic fertilizer spreader is particularly suitable for spreading fertilizer in an inter-plant area of an orchard or under fruit tree crowns to form strips, and is also suitable for large-area fertilizer spreading operation of a common crop field; when the field operation is carried out, the rotating speed of the
The organic fertilizer applicable to the organic fertilizer spreader comprises commercial organic fertilizer, livestock manure and granular or powdery carbon-based agricultural waste.
A machine for throwing organic fertilizer plants in an orchard has the following working principle:
the orchard organic fertilizer inter-plant scattering machine provided by the invention can realize mechanized application of organic fertilizers among plants of an orchard, solves the problem of difficulty in fertilization technology among plants of the orchard, can perform mechanized fertilization with adjustable fertilization areas and fertilization amounts on common fields of different standards, and has the advantages of high fertilization efficiency and strong adaptability, and the specific process and the working principle are expressed as follows:
when organic fertilizer fertilization operation is carried out among plants in an orchard, according to fertilization area requirements of different operations, the lifting length of the lifting hydraulic cylinder is adjusted to enable the distance between the fertilizer throwing device and the ground to reach the required operation height, and the telescopic length of the telescopic hydraulic cylinder is adjusted to enable the throwing belt installed on the transverse telescopic rod to extend out, so that a proper fertilizer falling position and a proper fertilizer throwing angle are achieved. During fertilizer throwing operation, materials such as organic fertilizer enter the fertilizer throwing device from the carriage through the discharging groove under the action of the scraper discharging device and the discharging auxiliary device. The vehicle body provides power to drive the hydraulic motor, and the throwing belt of the fertilizer throwing device is driven by the hydraulic motor to throw and spread the fertilizer in an inter-plant area of the orchard or under a fruit tree crown to form a strip. When the orchard organic fertilizer inter-plant spreader is used for orchard fertilization, the fertilizing amount can be controlled by adjusting the speeds of the scraper plate feeding device, the feeding auxiliary device and the hydraulic motor, and the position, the width and the thickness of the fertilizer spreading strip can be controlled by adjusting the rotating speed of the hydraulic motor of the spreading strip and the angle and the height of the spreading strip.
The beneficial technical effects are as follows:
the orchard organic fertilizer inter-plant scattering machine disclosed by the invention not only can realize mechanized organic fertilizer application among plants of an orchard and solve the problem of difficulty in fertilization technology among plants of the orchard, but also can perform mechanized fertilization with adjustable fertilization areas and fertilization amounts on common fields of different standards, is high in fertilization efficiency and strong in adaptability, is suitable for scattering fertilizer in the inter-plant areas of the orchard or under fruit tree crowns to form strips, is particularly suitable for furrow application of solid organic fertilizer in the orchard, and is also suitable for large-area fertilizer scattering operation of common crop fields with adjustable fertilizer scattering ranges. Suitable organic fertilizers include commercial organic fertilizers, livestock and poultry manure, and granular or powdery carbon-based agricultural wastes.
Description of the drawings:
fig. 1 is a left side view of the overall structure of the organic inter-plant spreader for an orchard.
Fig. 2 is a rear side view of the general structure of the organic fertilizer inter-plant scattering machine for an orchard.
Fig. 3 is a structure diagram of a fertilizer throwing device of the orchard organic fertilizer inter-plant spreader.
Fig. 4 is a structural bottom view of a fertilizer throwing device of the orchard organic fertilizer inter-plant spreader.
FIG. 5 is a structure diagram of a transverse telescopic adjusting part of the orchard organic fertilizer inter-plant scattering machine.
Fig. 6 is a structure diagram of a fertilizer throwing component of the orchard organic inter-plant spreader.
FIG. 7 is a structure diagram of a height lifting adjusting part of the orchard organic fertilizer plant scattering machine.
FIG. 8 is a structural bottom view of a height lifting adjusting part of the orchard organic fertilizer inter-plant spreader.
Reference numerals:
1. the automatic fertilizer throwing machine comprises a
The specific implementation mode is as follows:
in the embodiment, organic fertilizer is scattered in the inter-plant area of the orchard and under the crown of the fruit tree to form strips.
As shown in fig. 1 and 2, the inter-plant spreader for orchard organic fertilizer at least comprises a vehicle body 1 and a
as shown in fig. 3 and 4, the
as shown in fig. 5, the transverse
as shown in fig. 6, the
as shown in fig. 7 and 8, the height
as shown in fig. 3, 4, 7 and 8, the
As shown in fig. 5, 6, 7 and 8, the four lateral
As shown in fig. 1, 2 and 6, the rotation speeds of the
As shown in fig. 7 and 8, the height
The organic fertilizer spreader is particularly suitable for spreading the organic fertilizer in the inter-plant area of an orchard or under the crown of a fruit tree to form strips, and is also suitable for large-area fertilizer spreading operation of a common crop field; suitable organic fertilizers comprise commercial organic fertilizers, livestock and poultry manure and granular or powdery carbon-based agricultural wastes.
Further explaining the working principle of the scattering type soil covering device of the invention:
the orchard organic fertilizer inter-plant spreader can spread fertilizer in an orchard inter-plant area or under fruit tree crowns to form strips, is particularly suitable for furrow application of solid organic fertilizer in an orchard and is also suitable for large-area fertilizer spreading operation of common crop fields with adjustable fertilizer spreading range, and the specific process and the working principle are expressed as follows:
when organic fertilizer fertilization operation is carried out among plants in an orchard, according to fertilization area requirements of different operations, the lifting length of the lifting hydraulic cylinder is adjusted to enable the distance between the fertilizer throwing device and the ground to reach the required operation height, and the telescopic length of the telescopic hydraulic cylinder is adjusted to enable the throwing belt installed on the transverse telescopic rod to extend out, so that a proper fertilizer falling position and a proper fertilizer throwing angle are achieved. During fertilizer throwing operation, materials such as organic fertilizer enter the fertilizer throwing device from the carriage through the discharging groove under the action of the scraper discharging device and the discharging auxiliary device. The vehicle body provides power to drive the hydraulic motor, and the throwing belt of the fertilizer throwing device is driven by the hydraulic motor to throw and spread the fertilizer in an inter-plant area of the orchard or under a fruit tree crown to form a strip. When the orchard organic fertilizer inter-plant spreader is used for orchard fertilization, the fertilizing amount can be controlled by adjusting the speeds of the scraper plate feeding device, the feeding auxiliary device and the hydraulic motor, and the position, the width and the thickness of the fertilizer spreading strip can be controlled by adjusting the rotating speed of the hydraulic motor of the spreading strip and the angle and the height of the spreading strip.
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