Muscle strength characteristic evaluation method
阅读说明:本技术 肌力特性评估方法 (Muscle strength characteristic evaluation method ) 是由 竹中透 池内康 植松博 赤塚浩二 于 2019-07-03 设计创作,主要内容包括:本发明提供一种再现性或可靠性优异的肌力特性评估方法。肌力特性评估方法是根据包含第一对抗一关节肌对(e<Sub>1</Sub>、f<Sub>1</Sub>),第二对抗一关节肌对(e<Sub>2</Sub>、f<Sub>2</Sub>),及对抗二关节肌对(e<Sub>3</Sub>、f<Sub>3</Sub>)的肌群模型,对包含具有由第一关节J<Sub>1</Sub>支撑的基端的第一杆(L<Sub>1</Sub>)、及经由第二关节(J<Sub>2</Sub>)而由第一杆的活动端支撑的第二杆(L<Sub>2</Sub>)的肢体(3)的肌力特性进行评估。此方法包括:测定第二杆的活动端的朝至少一个规定方向的最大输出(F<Sub>1</Sub>、F<Sub>2</Sub>、F<Sub>3</Sub>、F<Sub>4</Sub>)的步骤(ST1);测定面内的第二杆的活动端的朝所有方向的旋转输出(S)的步骤(ST2);及根据朝规定方向的最大输出与旋转输出,制作与肌群模型的各肌贡献量对应的六边形的最大输出分布(Q)的步骤(ST3、ST4)。(The invention provides a muscle strength characteristic evaluation method with excellent reproducibility or reliability. The muscle strength characteristic evaluation method is based on the principle that the first pair of antagonistic joint muscles (e) 1 、f 1 ) The second pair of anti-articular muscles (e) 2 、f 2 ) And against the disarticular muscle pair (e) 3 、f 3 ) For the muscle group model comprising the first joint J 1 A first lever (L) supporting the base end 1 ) And via a second joint (J) 2 ) And a second lever (L) supported by the movable end of the first lever 2 ) The muscle strength properties of the limb (3) are evaluated. The method comprises the following steps: determining the maximum output (F) of the movable end of the second lever in at least one defined direction 1 、F 2 、F 3 、F 4 ) Step (ST 1); the movable end of the second rod in the measuring plane faces all directionsA step (ST2) of outputting the rotation (S); and a step (ST3, ST4) of creating a hexagonal maximum output distribution (Q) corresponding to each muscle contribution amount of the muscle group model, based on the maximum output and the rotation output in the predetermined direction.)
1. A muscle force characteristic evaluation method of evaluating a muscle force characteristic of a limb including a first rod having a base end supported by a first joint and a second rod supported by a movable end of the first rod via a second joint, according to a muscle group model including a first antagonistic one-joint muscle pair across the first joint, a second antagonistic one-joint muscle pair across the second joint, and an antagonistic two-joint muscle pair across the first joint and the second joint, comprising:
measuring a maximum output of the movable end of the second lever in at least one predetermined direction within a plane defined by the first lever and the second lever;
measuring a rotational output of the movable end of the second lever in all directions within the plane; and
and a step of creating a hexagonal maximum output distribution corresponding to the contribution amount of each muscle of the muscle group model, based on the maximum output in the predetermined direction and the rotation output.
2. The muscle force characteristic evaluation method according to claim 1, further comprising:
and calculating a contribution amount of each muscle of the muscle group model from the maximum output distribution.
3. The muscle force characteristic evaluation method according to claim 1 or 2,
the step of measuring the maximum output and the step of measuring the rotational output are executed in a state where the first joint and the second joint are held at predetermined angles, respectively.
4. The muscle force characteristic evaluation method according to claim 1 or 2,
the step of measuring the maximum output is performed for each of two or more different directions, and in the step of creating the hexagonal maximum output distribution from the maximum output and the rotation output, the rotation output is corrected by enlarging the rotation output against the maximum outputs corresponding to the different directions.
5. The muscle force characteristic evaluation method according to claim 3,
the step of measuring the maximum output is performed for each of two or more different directions, and in the step of creating the hexagonal maximum output distribution from the maximum output and the rotation output, the rotation output is corrected by enlarging the rotation output against the maximum outputs corresponding to the different directions.
Technical Field
The present invention relates to a muscle strength characteristic evaluation method for evaluating muscle strength characteristics of a limb of a human or animal or the like.
Background
There is known a three-pair hexa-muscle model for evaluating muscles that contribute to movement in a two-dimensional plane of a limb including two joints, such as an upper limb or a lower limb, which classifies muscles provided in the limb into a first pair of anti-primary joint muscle pairs, a second pair of anti-primary joint muscle pairs, and an anti-secondary joint muscle pair (for example, non-patent document 1). In the three-pair hexagram model, the maximum output exhibited at the distal end of the limb is expressed as a hexagonal maximum output distribution obtained by adding the maximum outputs of the muscles.
A muscle strength characteristic evaluation method for evaluating a muscle strength characteristic of a subject based on three pairs of six-muscle models is known (for example, patent document 1). In
[ Prior art documents ]
[ patent document ]
[ patent document 1] Japanese patent application laid-open No. 2000-210272
[ non-patent document ]
[ non-patent document 1] Daisertha, Tengchi and bear-Benshui, a "functional effective muscle strength evaluation by a muscle coordinate system including a first joint muscle and a second joint muscle-a simple measurement method of output distribution", a precise engineering journal, Vol.67, No.6, p.943-948(2001)
Disclosure of Invention
[ problems to be solved by the invention ]
In the four-point measurement method described in
In view of the above background, an object of the present invention is to provide a muscle strength characteristic evaluation method that is excellent in reproducibility and reliability of the maximum output distribution obtained.
[ means for solving problems ]
In order to solve the above problem, one embodiment of the present invention is a muscle strength characteristic evaluation method including a step of crossing a first joint J1First confrontation of (A) a joint muscle pair e1、f1Across the second joint J2Second confrontation of (A) an articular muscle pair e2、f2And a pair of antagonistic diarthrodial muscles e spanning the two joints3、f3For the muscle group model comprising the first joint J1First lever L of the base end of the support1And via the second joint J2And a second rod L supported by the movable end of the first rod2Is evaluated, comprising: measuring the maximum output F of the movable end of the second rod in at least one predetermined direction within the plane H defined by the two rods1、F2、F3、F4Step ST 1; a step ST2 of measuring a rotation output S in all directions of the movable end of the second lever in the plane; and steps ST3 and ST4 of creating a hexagonal maximum output distribution Q corresponding to the amount of contribution of each muscle of the muscle group model from the maximum output in the predetermined direction and the rotation output.
According to the above configuration, the maximum output distribution can be obtained by increasing the rotation output according to the maximum output, and the reproducibility and reliability of the maximum output distribution can be improved by combining the maximum output and the rotation output.
In the above embodiment, it is preferable that the method further includes a step of calculating a contribution amount of each muscle of the muscle group model from the maximum output distribution.
With this configuration, since the contribution amount of each muscle of the muscle group model is calculated, a muscle group model approximating the muscle strength characteristics of the actual subject can be constructed. Thus, the muscle that should be enhanced can be determined, and thus can be effectively used for muscle strength evaluation for rehabilitation or exercise.
In the above embodiment, it is preferable that the step of measuring the maximum output and the step of measuring the rotational output are performed in a state where the first joint and the second joint are held at predetermined angles, respectively.
According to this configuration, since the angle of the first joint and the angle of the second joint are maintained when the maximum output and the rotational output are measured, the posture of the subject is less likely to change, and the reproducibility and reliability of the maximum output distribution can be further improved.
In the above embodiment, it is preferable that the step of measuring the maximum output is performed for each of two or more different directions, and in the step of creating the hexagonal maximum output distribution from the maximum output and the rotation output, the rotation output is corrected to be enlarged in accordance with the maximum outputs corresponding to the different directions.
According to the above configuration, since the direction-dependent expansion ratio of the rotation output can be set based on the plurality of maximum outputs, the expanded rotation output can be brought closer to the plurality of measured maximum outputs. This makes it possible to make the enlarged rotation output closer to the actual maximum output distribution, and to improve the reproducibility and reliability of the maximum output distribution obtained by the measurement.
[ Effect of the invention ]
According to the above configuration, it is possible to provide a muscle strength characteristic evaluation method excellent in reproducibility or reliability of the maximum output distribution obtained.
Drawings
Fig. 1 is an explanatory diagram of a three-pair hexamyoelectric model for an upper limb.
Fig. 2 is an explanatory diagram of the maximum output distribution at the tip of the upper limb.
FIG. 3 is an explanatory view of the measuring apparatus.
Fig. 4 is a block diagram of the measurement device.
Fig. 5 is a flowchart of the muscle strength evaluation process.
Fig. 6 is a flowchart of the approximation processing.
Fig. 7 is a graph showing the measurement results of the four maximum outputs obtained by the four-point measurement method.
Fig. 8 is a graph showing the measurement result of the rotation output.
Fig. 9A is an explanatory diagram for explaining a method of calculating an expansion rotation output, and fig. 9B is a graph showing a directional dependence of the expansion ratio.
Fig. 10A to 10D are explanatory diagrams for explaining processing in the approximation processing.
Fig. 11 is a diagram showing the calculated maximum output distribution and the calculated functional effective muscle strength of each muscle.
Fig. 12 is a flowchart of the linear transformation process of the muscle strength estimation process according to the second embodiment.
Fig. 13 is an explanatory diagram for explaining the linear conversion processing.
Fig. 14A to 14C are explanatory diagrams for explaining a modification of the method of calculating the enlarged rotation output.
[ description of symbols ]
3: limb
F1、F2、F3、F4: maximum output
FQ: maximum output distribution
FS: rotational output
Ff1、Ff2、Ff3、Fe1、Fe2、Fe3: functional effective muscle force
J1: first joint (shoulder joint)
J2: second joint (elbow joint)
J3: front end of limb (wrist joint part)
L1: first rod
L2: second rod
S: measuring surface
f1、e1: first of allAgainst a joint muscle
f2、e2: second pair of anti-articular muscles
f3、e3: against the muscles of the two joints
Detailed Description
Hereinafter, two embodiments for evaluating muscle strength characteristics of the right upper limb of a human will be described with reference to the drawings.
First embodiment
The muscle strength characteristic evaluation method is based on the well-known three-pair hexamyo model. The three-pair hexa-muscle model is a model of muscles that contribute to the output at the distal end of a limb (wrist joint, ankle joint) in a two-dimensional exercise of the limb including two joints (shoulder joint and elbow joint, hip joint and knee joint) such as the upper limb or the lower limb. First, three pairs of the hexamyo models will be described in the range required in the present invention.
In the three-pair six-muscle model, as shown in fig. 1, a
Will be applied to the
First pair of anti-articular muscles f1、e1Comprises a first joint J1Curved muscle f1And the first joint J1Stretching muscles e1. Muscle f of the first anti-articular muscle pair1Muscle e1Attached at one end to the base Lo and at the other end to the first rod L1And so as to cross the first joint J1The mode of (2). First antagonizing articular muscle f1E.g. corresponding to the anterior deltoid, first antagonistic articular muscle e1For example, to the posterior deltoid.
Second pair of anti-articular muscles f2、e2Involving a second joint J2Curved muscle f2And the second joint J2Stretching muscles e2. Second pair of muscles f against a joint pair2Muscle e2Attached at one end to the first rod L1On the other end, is attached to the second rod L2And so as to cross the second joint J2The mode of (2). Second pair of anti-articular muscles f2E.g. corresponding to the upper arm muscle, the second pair of anti-articular muscles e2For example corresponding to the lateral head of the triceps suri of the upper arm.
Against the muscle pair of the two joints f3、e3Comprises a first joint J1And the second joint J2Muscles f with simultaneous flexion3And the first joint J1And the second joint J2Muscles e stretching simultaneously3. Against the muscle pair of the two joints f3、e3Attached at one end to the base Lo and at the other end to the second rod L2Respectively to cross the first joint J1And the second joint J2The mode of (2). Against the muscles of the two joints f3For example, against the biceps muscle e, corresponding to the biceps muscle of the upper arm3For example toCorresponding to the triceps surae and long head.
By first opposing a joint muscle pair f1、e1Second pair of anti-articular muscles f2、e2And against the disarticular muscle pair f3、e3Determines the limb front end J by the combination of the outputs of3The magnitude and direction of the output at. If the first pair is directed against a joint muscle f1Towards the front end J of the limb3The maximum output of the output is set to Ff1The first pair is directed against a joint muscle e1Towards the front end J of the limb3The maximum output of the output is set to Fe1The second pair of anti-articular muscles f2Towards the front end J of the limb3The maximum output of the output is set to Ff2The second pair of anti-articular muscles e2Towards the front end J of the limb3The maximum output of the output is set to Fe2Will oppose the two joint muscles f3Towards the front end J of the limb3The maximum output of the output is set to Ff3Will oppose the two joint muscles e3Towards the front end J of the limb3The maximum output of the output is set to Fe3Then, at the limb fore J through the three pairs of six muscles3The distribution of the maximum output obtained at this point (hereinafter, maximum output distribution) is simply represented by a hexagonal ABCDEF corresponding to the contribution of each muscle, as shown in fig. 2. However, the maximum output (hereinafter, functional effective muscle strength) of each muscle is the maximum force that each muscle can exert (output), and is obtained by the first lever L1And a second lever L2Vectors within the defined plane. The details of the method for calculating the hexagonal ABCDEF are well known and therefore omitted here, but for example, reference is preferably made to
In hexagonal ABCDEF, side AB, side DE, and second stem L2Parallel to each other, side CD, side FA, and first lever L1Are parallel to each other. In addition, the side BC, the side EF and the limb-bending end J3And the first joint J1The straight lines of the connection are parallel to each other. Output F at point A of FIG. 2AOutput F at point BBOutput F at point CCOutput F at point DDOutput F at point EEAnd an output F at point FFEach represented by the following formula (1). Functional effective muscle force F of each musclef1Functional effective muscle strength Ff2Functional effective muscle strength Ff3Functional effective muscle strength Fe1Functional effective muscle strength Fe2And a functionally effective muscle strength Fe3The hexagonal ABCDEF can be calculated using equation (1).
[ mathematical formula 1]
Next, a
The
The
A
As shown in fig. 4, the
When evaluating the muscle strength of the
During the period of performing the muscle strength evaluation process, the upper arm bone (first rod) L of the subject 11Radius and ulna (second shaft) L2Is arranged along a substantially horizontal measurement plane H (see fig. 8). In addition, the shoulder joint J of the subject 11(first joint), and elbow joint J2The (second joint) is held at a predetermined angle by the locking of the locking
In the muscle strength evaluation process, the
Next, the muscle strength evaluation processing executed by the
In the first step ST1 of the muscle strength evaluation process, the
Then, the
When step ST1 is completed, the
When step ST2 is completed, the
Then, for maximum output F1Maximum output F2Maximum output F3And a maximum output F4Respectively, calculating an angle theta with respect to the x-axis1Angle theta2Angle theta3And angle theta4. For each point F of the rotary output SSAn angle theta formed by a straight line connecting the point and the origin O and the x-axis is calculated, and a vector F for a force included in the rotation output S is calculated according to the following formula (2)SThe respective expansion rate k.
[ mathematical formula 2]
Expansion ratio k is represented by a half-straight OF in FIG. 9A1And semi-linear OF2Enclosed region I, composed OF semi-straight lines OF2And semi-linear OF3Enclosed region II, consisting OF a semi-straight OF3And semi-linear OF4Enclosed region III and consisting OF semi-rectilinear OF4And semi-linear OF1Each of the sandwiched regions iv is represented by a linear function of the angle θ shown in formula (2). Fig. 9B shows a relationship between k and θ. The expansion ratio k corresponds to the use of boundaries in each of the region I, the region II, the region III, and the region IVExpansion ratio α of1Expansion ratio α2Expansion ratio α3And expansion ratio α4The angle theta with respect to the x-axis is linearly interpolated.
Then, the
When step ST3 is completed, the
In the first step ST11 of the approximation process, the
When step ST11 is completed, the
When step ST12 is completed, the
When step ST13 is completed, the
The
Next, the effect of the muscle strength characteristic evaluation method configured as described above will be described. For the
[ Table 1]
〔N〕
For the first time
For the second time
The third time
Fourth time
Fifth time
Standard deviation of
e1
158.666
162.1456
113.7092
139.5818
174.1524
23.61623
e2
165.9481
145.3586
35.3795
124.1087
106.3884
50.03237
e3
78.2154
68.7963
132.5901
74.1489
75.5137
26.35103
f1
231.2595
233.1684
180.7295
230.9553
250.8183
26.30155
f2
170.3982
136.8986
140.8396
115.5387
105.0684
25.28612
f3
78.2154
68.7963
132.5901
74.1489
75.5137
26.35103
[ Table 2]
〔N〕
For the first time
For the second time
The third time
Fourth time
Fifth time
Standard deviation of
e1
134.1088
103.0438
123.2796
124.4134
137.5468
13.52776
e2
158.5452
221.3646
170.0726
133.4503
184.7406
32.62151
e3
85.2037
117.132
113.9932
78.4377
81.6816
18.69361
f1
257.5686
169.367
172.3587
229.6782
223.3397
38.38877
f2
201.8842
145.9553
101.6415
140.8392
150.271
35.75319
f3
85.2037
117.132
113.9932
78.4377
81.6816
18.69361
As shown in tables 1 and 2, the standard deviation obtained by the muscle strength characteristic evaluation method according to the present embodiment is divided by f1And f2In the other four muscles, the standard deviation was smaller than that in the case of the four-point measurement method. Further, when the average value of the standard deviation in the case of the four-point measurement method was calculated from table 1, the average value became 29.65. On the other hand, when the average value of the standard deviation in the case of being obtained by the muscle strength characteristic evaluation method according to the present embodiment is calculated from table 2, the average value becomes 26.28. Therefore, it was confirmed that the variation in the measurement results in the case of the muscle strength characteristic evaluation method according to the present embodiment can be suppressed as compared with the case of the four-point measurement method. Thus, in the muscle strength evaluation method of the present invention, the output F is controlled at the maximum output1Maximum output F4By adding the rotation output S, the reproducibility or reliability of the maximum output distribution Q can be improved as compared with the four-point measurement method.
Furthermore, in this embodimentIn the present embodiment, in step ST1, the maximum output F is measured for each of two or more different directions1Maximum output F4In step ST3, the maximum outputs F corresponding to the different directions are collated1Maximum output F4An expansion rate k depending on the direction is set for each point of the rotation output S. The rotation output S is subjected to expansion correction according to the expansion rate k, and an expanded rotation output P is calculated. That is, the rotation output S approaches the measured maximum outputs F1Maximum output F4The mode (2) is an expansion deformation, and therefore the obtained expansion rotation output P is close to the actual maximum output distribution. This improves the reproducibility and reliability of the maximum output distribution Q obtained from the enlarged rotation output P.
In the present embodiment, the functional effective muscle force F of the muscle group model is calculated from the maximum output distribution Qf1Functional effective muscle strength Ff2Functional effective muscle strength Ff3Functional effective muscle strength Fe1Functional effective muscle strength Fe2And a functionally effective muscle strength Fe3I.e., the maximum output as the contribution of each muscle. This makes it possible to construct a muscle group model that approximates the muscle strength characteristics of the
Second embodiment
Next, a muscle strength characteristic evaluation method of the second embodiment will be described. The muscle strength characteristic evaluation method of the second embodiment is performed by a measurement device having the same configuration as that of the first embodiment, and the muscle strength evaluation process performed by the measurement device is the same as that of the first embodiment except for
In step ST3, the
In the first step ST21 of the linear conversion process, the
Next, in step ST22, the
[ mathematical formula 3]
The transformation matrix T is to be along the vector FiUnit vector e of directioniAnd along vector FjUnit vector e of direction ofjThe vector of the force expressed on the coordinate system as the reference vector is converted into a matrix of the vector of the force on the xy coordinate system. The first column of the transformation matrix is represented by an xy coordinate systemiThe second row of the transformation matrix is represented by an xy coordinate systemjThereby, the number of the parts can be reduced. On the other hand, the inverse matrix T of the transformation matrix T-1Into a vector of forces on the xy coordinate system into eiAnd ejOf vectors of forces on a coordinate system as reference vectorsAnd (4) matrix.
Then, in step ST23, the
[ mathematical formula 4]
Then, in step ST24, the
[ math figure 5]
Fp=TAT-1FsL (5)
Vector of force FSBy eiAnd ejLinear combination (linear combination) of (a) is shown (see fig. 13). More specifically, FSBy making eiMultiplying by a predetermined coefficient ciThe resulting vector sumjMultiplying by a predetermined coefficient cjThe sum of the resulting vectors represents. F obtained by said transformationPAs shown in fig. 13, the expansion ratios α corresponding to the respective coefficients are obtained by integratingiAnd expansion ratio αjThe obtained vector. I.e. F obtained by said transformationPBy making eiMultiplied by αiciThe resulting vector sumjMultiplied by αjcjThe sum of the resulting vectors represents.
The description of the specific embodiments is completed as described above, but the present invention is not limited to the embodiments and can be widely modified. In the embodiment, the muscle strength evaluation treatment (muscle strength characteristic evaluation method) is performed to include the control maximum output F1Maximum output F2Maximum output F3And a maximum output F4A step ST3 of calculating an expanded rotation output P by performing expansion correction on the rotation output S, and a step ST4 of creating a hexagonal maximum output distribution Q corresponding to the contribution of each muscle of the muscle group model based on the expanded rotation output P,however, the present invention is not limited to the above embodiment. The muscle strength evaluation processing is performed only by including the evaluation according to the maximum output F1Maximum output F2Maximum output F3And a maximum output F4The step of creating the hexagonal maximum output distribution Q together with the rotation output S may be performed, for example, the muscle strength evaluation processing may include the step of calculating the hexagonal output distribution from the rotation output S and the step of calculating the hexagonal maximum output distribution from the maximum output F1Maximum output F2Maximum output F3And a maximum output F4And a step of calculating a hexagonal maximum output distribution Q by performing an expansion correction on the calculated hexagonal output distribution.
The
For example, in step ST3, the
In this configuration, the size of the maximum output distribution is obtained by measuring the maximum output, and the approximate shape of the maximum output distribution is obtained by measuring the rotational output. Therefore, by individually obtaining the size and the approximate shape, the number of times the subject 1 needs to exhibit the maximum output can be reduced. Thus, even when the maximum output that can be exhibited by the
In step ST3, the
In the above embodiment, the muscle strength characteristic evaluation method is used to evaluate the characteristics of the muscle strength of the right
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