阅读说明：本技术 加工装置及加工方法 (Machining device and machining method ) 是由 江藤润 海野纮和 竹内真一 于 2017-11-07 设计创作，主要内容包括：本发明涉及一种加工装置(1)具备：第1加工位置(A1)及第2加工位置(A2),对工件(W)进行粗加工；第3加工位置(B1),对在第2加工位置(A2)中加工的工件(W)进行最终精加工；柔性虎钳(7),设置于第1加工位置(A1)及第2加工位置(A2),夹紧并固定工件(W)；及快速夹钳(20),设置于第3加工位置(B1),并将工件(W)通过销来固定。加工装置(1)具备控制部,控制进行粗加工的粗加工用工具及进行最终精加工的最终精加工用工具。(The present invention relates to a processing device (1) comprising: a1 st machining position (A1) and a2 nd machining position (A2) for roughly machining a workpiece (W); a3 rd machining position (B1) for performing final finishing on the workpiece (W) machined at the 2 nd machining position (A2); a flexible vice (7) which is provided at a1 st processing position (A1) and a2 nd processing position (A2) and clamps and fixes a workpiece (W); and a quick clamp (20) which is arranged at the 3 rd processing position (B1) and fixes the workpiece (W) through a pin. The machining device (1) is provided with a control unit for controlling a rough machining tool for rough machining and a final finishing tool for final finishing.)

1. A machining device is provided with:

a rough machining position for performing rough machining on the workpiece;

a final finish machining position for performing final finish machining on the workpiece machined in the rough machining position;

the clamping and fixing device is arranged at the rough machining position and is used for clamping and fixing the workpiece; and

and a pin fixing tool provided at the final finishing position for fixing the workpiece by a pin.

2. The machining device according to claim 1, comprising:

a rough machining tool for machining at the rough machining position;

a final finishing tool for performing machining at the final finishing position; and

and a control unit for controlling the rough machining tool and the final machining tool.

3. The processing apparatus according to claim 2,

the control unit sets a jig origin provided on a jig for fixing a workpiece as a positional reference when performing the machining at the rough machining position, and sets a workpiece origin provided on the workpiece as the positional reference when performing the machining at the final finish machining position.

4. The processing device according to claim 3,

the workpiece origin is set at the end of machining in the rough machining position.

5. The processing apparatus according to any one of claims 1 to 4, comprising:

the auxiliary base station is arranged on the workbench; and

and a jig base detachably fixed to the auxiliary base.

6. The machining device according to claim 5, comprising:

and a support member provided at the final finishing position and supporting the workpiece in surface contact with the opposite surface of the workpiece.

7. The processing device according to claim 6,

the support member is detachably fixed to the jig base.

8. The processing device according to claim 7,

a suction flow path that opens to the opposite surface side of the workpiece is formed in the support member,

the processing device is provided with a suction mechanism for sucking gas through the suction flow path.

9. The processing apparatus according to any one of claims 1 to 8,

the rough machining position comprises a1 st machining position for roughly machining the front surface of the workpiece and a2 nd machining position for roughly machining and finely machining the back surface of the workpiece,

the final finishing position has a 3 rd machining position that finishes the surface of the workpiece,

the machining device includes a conveying mechanism for conveying the workpiece among the 1 st machining position, the 2 nd machining position, and the 3 rd machining position.

10. A method of processing, comprising:

a rough machining step of roughly machining the workpiece; and

a finish machining step of performing finish machining on the workpiece machined in the rough machining step,

in the rough machining step, a jig origin provided on a jig for fixing a workpiece is set as a positional reference,

in the final finishing step, a workpiece origin provided in the workpiece is set as a position reference.

Technical Field

The present invention relates to a machining apparatus and a machining method for machining a workpiece that is easily deformed, such as a large component of an aircraft.

Background

To improve the productivity of large-sized components, it is necessary to increase the efficiency of preparation work as well as machining. For this purpose, a method of exchanging the components for each pallet by a pallet exchanger or a method of processing the components by placing a plurality of components on one pallet is adopted.

In a module which is rigid and less likely to deform, such as an engine block or a casing, preparation work for a plurality of modules can be performed only by a lifting operation, and the preparation work is also simple. However, in a large-sized module which is easily deformed and requires both surfaces to be connected, such as an aircraft structural module, replacement of jigs and adjustment work at the time of preparation work are required to cope with a complicated shape, and therefore, the preparation work time becomes long. Therefore, in general, an FMS (Flexible Manufacturing System) line that uses a plurality of pallets one by one is often assembled by automation. However, a large number of pallets are required, and hence the cost of equipment deterioration becomes high.

Patent document 1 discloses a machining jig that can easily change a jig or a module to mount a plurality of kinds of workpieces and prevent positional deviation.

Prior art documents

Patent document

Patent document 1: japanese patent No. 3452630

Disclosure of Invention

Technical problem to be solved by the invention

However, the above patent document 1 is premised on the processing of a rigid and hardly deformable workpiece, and is not applicable to a large and easily deformable workpiece such as an aircraft structural component (e.g., a frame).

An object of the present disclosure is to provide a machining apparatus and a machining method that can efficiently and highly accurately machine a large component such as an aircraft when machining a workpiece that is easily deformed by a plurality of processes.

Means for solving the technical problem

A machining device according to an aspect of the present invention includes: a rough machining position for performing rough machining on the workpiece; a final finish machining position for performing final finish machining on the workpiece machined in the rough machining position; the clamping and fixing device is arranged at the rough machining position and is used for clamping and fixing the workpiece; and a pin fixing tool which is provided at the final finishing position and fixes the workpiece by a pin.

The machining device is provided with a rough machining position for rough machining of a workpiece and a final finish machining position for final finish machining of the workpiece. Before rough machining, the workpiece has a predetermined rigidity, and therefore, even if the workpiece is clamped, the workpiece is not largely deformed. Therefore, it is necessary to provide a clamp fixture capable of easily fixing the workpiece at the rough machining position.

On the other hand, since rough machining is performed in the final finish machining position, the rigidity of the workpiece is reduced, and the workpiece may be deformed if clamped. Therefore, a pin fixing tool for fixing the workpiece by the pin is provided at the final finishing position.

Since the clamp fixture and the pin fixture are separately used for rough machining and final machining, the rough machining and the final machining can be efficiently performed with high accuracy.

The rough machining position may include a finish machining of a surface different from a surface subjected to not only rough machining but also final finish machining.

As the clamp fixture, in addition to the outer clamp for clamping by clamping from both outer sides of the workpiece, an inner clamp for clamping by applying a load from the inner side of the groove portion of the workpiece to the outer side can be used.

The workpiece after machining is, for example, a long and thin shape with a length of several m (4 to 5m) and a plate thickness of several mm (1 to 2 mm).

A machining device according to an aspect of the present invention includes: a rough machining tool for machining at the rough machining position; a final finishing tool for performing machining at the final finishing position; and a control unit for controlling the rough machining tool and the final machining tool.

The control unit performs rough machining and final finishing, thereby facilitating automation of machining.

In the machining device according to one aspect of the present invention, the control unit sets a jig origin provided in a jig for fixing a workpiece as a positional reference when performing the machining in the rough machining position, and sets a workpiece origin provided in the workpiece as the positional reference when performing the machining in the final finish machining position.

Since the machining at the rough machining position is performed before the final shape of the workpiece is determined, there is a possibility that the workpiece is deformed due to the deformation of the material of the workpiece during the machining, and therefore, the jig for fixing the workpiece is set as the position reference. On the other hand, in the machining at the final finishing position, since the final shape of the workpiece is determined, the machining accuracy is ensured by setting the workpiece as a position reference.

In the machining apparatus according to one aspect of the present invention, the workpiece origin is set at the time of finishing machining at the rough machining position.

It is set to set the origin of the workpiece at the end of machining in the rough machining position. This makes it possible to form a workpiece origin in the workpiece before the final finishing, and to minimize the mismatch between the preliminary finishing and the final finishing.

A machining device according to an aspect of the present invention includes: the auxiliary base station is arranged on the workbench; and a jig base detachably fixed to the auxiliary base.

The jig base is detachably fixed to the table via the auxiliary base. Thus, by preparing a plurality of jig bases corresponding to workpieces of various shapes, machining corresponding to various workpieces can be performed.

In order to detachably fix the jig base to the auxiliary base, it is preferable to use a pin clamping unit including: a pin fixed to one of the jig base or the auxiliary base; and a pin fixing member fixed to the other of the jig base or the auxiliary base and accommodating and fixing the pin. The pin clamping unit can be operated by, for example, air pressure.

The machining device according to one aspect of the present invention includes a support member that is provided at the final finishing position and supports the workpiece in surface contact with the facing surface of the workpiece.

The workpiece subjected to the final finishing is already subjected to rough machining, and therefore, the rigidity is lowered. Therefore, by providing the support member that supports the facing surface of the workpiece in contact therewith, the workpiece can be machined without causing chatter vibration during machining.

As the support member, for example, a thin portion having a surface shape corresponding to the shape of the facing surface is used.

In the machining device according to one aspect of the present invention, the support member is detachably fixed to the jig base.

Since the support member is detachably fixed to the jig base, a plurality of support members corresponding to the facing surfaces of the workpieces having various shapes are prepared, and thus machining corresponding to various workpieces can be performed.

In order to detachably fix the support member to the jig base, it is preferable to use a pin clamping unit including: a pin fixed to one of the support member or the jig base; and a pin fixing member fixed to the other of the support member or the jig base and accommodating and fixing the pin. The pin clamping unit can be operated by, for example, air pressure.

In the machining device according to one aspect of the present invention, a suction passage that opens to the opposite surface side of the workpiece is formed in the support member, and the machining device is provided with a suction mechanism that sucks gas through the suction passage.

The suction mechanism (for example, a vacuum pump) sucks gas through the suction flow path of the support member, thereby sucking the opposite surface of the workpiece. This enables the workpiece to be reliably held during final finishing.

The suction flow path formed in the support member may be connected to the suction flow paths formed in the jig base and the auxiliary base, and may be sucked by a common suction mechanism.

In addition, in the machining apparatus according to one aspect of the present invention, the rough machining position includes a1 st machining position that performs rough machining on a front surface of a workpiece and a2 nd machining position that performs rough machining and finish machining on a rear surface of the workpiece, the final finishing position includes a 3 rd machining position that performs finish machining on the front surface of the workpiece, and the machining apparatus includes a conveying mechanism that conveys the workpiece among the 1 st machining position, the 2 nd machining position, and the 3 rd machining position.

When machining the front and back surfaces of a workpiece, the workpiece is conveyed by a conveyor among a1 st machining position, a2 nd machining position, and a 3 rd machining position, the front surface is roughly machined at the 1 st machining position, the back surface is roughly machined and finished at the 2 nd machining position, and the front surface is finished at the 3 rd machining position. Thus, the processing can be efficiently performed by one pallet.

A processing method according to an aspect of the present invention includes: a rough machining step of roughly machining the workpiece; and a final finishing step of performing final finishing on the workpiece machined in the rough machining step, wherein a jig origin provided on a jig for fixing the workpiece is set as a positional reference in the rough machining step, and a workpiece origin provided on the workpiece is set as a positional reference in the final finishing step.

In the rough machining step, before the final shape of the workpiece is determined, since there is a possibility that deformation occurs due to deformation of the workpiece material during machining, a jig for fixing the workpiece is set as a position reference. On the other hand, in the final finishing step, since the final shape of the workpiece is determined, the machining accuracy is ensured by setting the workpiece as a position reference.

Effects of the invention

The machining in a plurality of processes can be performed efficiently and with high precision.

Drawings

Fig. 1A is a perspective view showing a state before a workpiece is placed on a pallet.

Fig. 1B is a perspective view showing a state in which a workpiece is placed at a rough machining position.

Fig. 1C is a perspective view showing a state in which a workpiece is placed at a rough machining position.

Fig. 1D is a perspective view showing a state after rough machining is performed on a workpiece in the rough machining station.

Fig. 1E is a perspective view showing a state where the workpiece is taken out from the rough machining position.

Fig. 1F is a perspective view showing a state in which the workpiece is placed at the final finishing position.

Fig. 1G is a perspective view showing a state where the workpiece is taken out from the final finishing position.

Fig. 1H is a perspective view showing a state after the workpiece is taken out from the final finishing position.

Fig. 1I is a perspective view showing a state where the workpiece is conveyed to the next step.

Fig. 2A is a perspective view showing the pallet.

Fig. 2B is a perspective view showing a state in which a workpiece is set on the pallet of fig. 2A.

Fig. 3 is a perspective view showing the flexible vise.

Fig. 4A is a cross-sectional view of a pallet.

Fig. 4B is an exploded cross-sectional view illustrating the pallet of fig. 4A.

Fig. 5 is a perspective view showing the auxiliary base.

Fig. 6 is a plan view showing a reference position.

Fig. 7 is a flowchart showing a rough machining process.

Fig. 8 is a flowchart showing a final finishing process.

Fig. 9 is a flowchart showing a process of repeating the working.

Detailed Description

Hereinafter, an embodiment of a machining apparatus and a machining method will be described.

In the present embodiment, a workpiece, such as an aircraft, which is easily deformed by a large component, is cut. The workpiece is made of metal such as aluminum alloy, and is processed into a shape of a frame or the like of an aircraft structure. The workpiece has a long strip shape with a length of several m (4 to 5m), and is subjected to various groove processing, etc., and the thickness after processing is several mm (1 to 2 mm).

Fig. 1A to 1I show a machining process using a machining apparatus.

As shown in fig. 1A, the machining apparatus 1 includes a conveying robot 2 that conveys a workpiece W and a pallet P on which the workpiece W is placed during machining. The pallet P is provided with a rough machining position a where rough machining is performed and a final finishing position B where final finishing is performed.

As shown in fig. 1A, the conveying robot arm (conveyor) 2 grips the workpiece W, and as shown in fig. 1B and 1C, the workpiece W is set at a rough machining position a, which is the initial machining position. Then, as shown in fig. 1D, the surface of the workpiece W is roughly machined by an end mill (rough machining tool), not shown. After the surface of the workpiece W is roughly machined, the surface of the workpiece W is finished at the same rough machining position.

Then, as shown in fig. 1E, after the front surface and the back surface of the workpiece W are reversed by the conveying robot 2, as shown in fig. 1F, the workpiece is set at the final finishing position B. In the final finishing position B, the rear surface of the workpiece W is subjected to final finishing by an end mill (final finishing tool), not shown.

Then, as shown in fig. 1G, the workpiece W having been subjected to final finishing is gripped by the conveying robot arm 2, and as shown in fig. 1H, the workpiece W is detached from the final finishing position B. Then, as shown in fig. 1I, the workpiece W is conveyed to the next process.

Next, a pallet P for processing the workpiece W will be described. Note that the pallet P to be described below shows a case where the machining position A, B is three positions, instead of the machining position A, B being two positions as in the pallet P shown in fig. 1A and the like.

As shown in fig. 2A, the pallet P includes a table 3, an auxiliary base 4 fixed to the table 3, and a1 st jig base 5A and a2 nd jig base 5B fixed to the auxiliary base 4.

The 1 st jig base 5A is provided with a1 st machining position a1 for performing rough machining on the front surface of the workpiece W and a2 nd machining position a2 for performing rough machining and finish machining on the rear surface of the workpiece W. As shown in fig. 2B, the workpiece W is set at the 1 st machining position a1 and the 2 nd machining position a2, respectively.

A plurality of flexible vices (clamping fixtures) 7 for clamping from the outside in the width direction of the workpiece W are provided at the respective machining positions a1 and a 2. The flexible vice 7 is spaced apart by 800mm or more, for example.

In fig. 3a flexible vice 7 is shown. The flexible vise 7 is slidable on the guide rail 8 in the width direction of the workpiece W, i.e., the arrow AR1 direction. The flexible vise 7 is fixed by the slide fixture 9 in the sliding direction. Three jaws 11 each rotatable about a vertical axis O1 are provided on the upper surface of the flexible vise 7. The jaw 11 has a cylindrical shape, and is configured to clamp the workpiece W by contacting the workpiece W with an outer cylindrical surface. The entire flexible vise 7 is rotatable about the vertical axis O2, and can clamp the workpiece W in accordance with the shape of the workpiece W.

Further, since the rough machining of the surface of the workpiece W is completed in the 1 st machining position a1, the inner clamp that clamps the workpiece W by applying a load outward from the inside of the groove portion of the workpiece W can be used also in the 2 nd machining position a 2.

As shown in fig. 2A, a plurality of jacks 13 projecting upward from the 1 st jig base 5A are provided between the flexible vices 7. The jack 13 is formed in a cylindrical shape, and the height thereof can be adjusted. The workpiece W is supported from the top point of the lower jack 13.

The 2 nd jig base 5B is provided with a 3 rd machining position B1 at which the surface of the workpiece W is finish-machined. As shown in fig. 2B, the workpiece W is set at the 3 rd processing position B1.

At the 3 rd machining position B1, a detail (support member) 17 is fixed. The thin portion 17 has a long shape similar to the workpiece W, and the front surface thereof has a shape corresponding to the shape of the rear surface (facing surface) of the workpiece W after finish machining. As a result, the back surface of the workpiece W is in planar contact with the front surface of the thin portion 17 substantially without any gap. The thin portion 17 is formed with a suction flow path (described later) opening to the surface. The work W is held at a fixed position by vacuum suction through the suction flow path.

On both sides of the thin portion 17, quick clamps (pin fixtures) 20 are provided on the 2 nd jig base 5B at predetermined intervals. The quick clamp 20 is a unit for clamping a pin, and includes a pin fixing member that receives a tip end of the pin fixed to the workpiece W and grips and fixes an outer periphery of the tip end of the pin with a claw. The quick clamp 20 is actuated by air pressure. The quick clamp 20 is provided at intervals of 500mm or more, for example.

Fig. 4A and 4B show a longitudinal section of the pallet P. As shown in fig. 4, an auxiliary base 4 is provided on the table 3. The auxiliary base 4 is formed with a suction flow path 4 a. A plurality of quick clamps 22 are provided on the auxiliary base 4. The quick clamp 22 has the same configuration as the quick clamp 20 provided on the 2 nd jig base 5B, and is configured to grasp and fix a pin 23 (see fig. 4B) fixed to the back surface of each jig base 5A, 5B. As shown in fig. 4A, the suction passage 22a is formed in the quick clamp 22 and communicates with the suction passage 5Ba formed in the 2 nd jig base 5B. The suction channel 5Ba formed in the 2 nd jig base 5B communicates with the suction channel 17a formed in the thin portion 17. Accordingly, the gas is sucked from a vacuum pump (suction means) not shown through the suction flow paths 4a, 22a, 5Ba, and 17a, and the workpiece W is sucked through the upper surface of the thin portion 17. A sealing member 17b is provided on the front surface side of the thin portion 17 so as to surround the suction channel 17a opened to the front surface side, and a region surrounded by the sealing member 17b is effectively sucked.

As shown in fig. 5, the auxiliary base 4 is branched to form a suction channel 4 a. A plurality of connector sections 4a1 are provided along the branched suction channel 4 a. The suction channels of the jig bases 5A and 5B are connected to each other through the connector portions 4a 1. A quick clamp 22 is provided beside each connector portion 4a 1.

Further, the air pressure for operating the respective quick clamps 20, 22, 24 is supplied from a compressor (not shown) through an air pressure flow path (not shown) provided separately from the suction flow paths 4a, 22a, 5Ba, 17 a.

As shown in fig. 4B, the thin portion 17 is detachable by a quick clamp 24 provided on the 2 nd jig base 5B. The quick clamp 24 has the same structure as the quick clamp 20 provided on the 2 nd jig base 5B, and is configured to grasp and fix the pin 17c fixed to the back surface of the thin portion 17.

The quick clamp 20 provided on the 2 nd jig base 5B detachably fixes the pin WP fixed to the tab WT provided on the workpiece W. The pin WP is mounted at the 2 nd machining position a2 after finishing the rear surface of the workpiece W. Specifically, the lug WT is threaded and a threaded pin WP is screwed. Further, a round hole may be formed in the tab WT, and the pin WP may be fitted thereto. The tab WT is removed after finishing the final finishing of the workpiece W.

The machining device 1 includes a control unit that controls various operations. The control unit is configured by, for example, a CPU (Central processing unit), a RAM (Random Access Memory), a ROM (Read only Memory), a computer-readable storage medium, and the like. Further, as an example of a series of processes for realizing various functions, various functions are realized by a process of storing a program in a storage medium or the like, reading the program by a CPU into a RAM or the like, and executing processing and arithmetic processing of information. The program may be installed in advance in a ROM or other storage medium, provided in a state of being stored in a computer-readable storage medium, transmitted via a wired or wireless communication means, or the like. The computer-readable storage medium is a magnetic disk, an optical magnetic disk, a CD-ROM, a DVD-ROM, a semiconductor memory, or the like.

Various reference positions used by the control section are shown in fig. 6.

A1 st jig origin 31 is provided on the 1 st jig base 5A on the side of the 1 st machining position a1, and a2 nd jig origin 32 is provided on the side of the 2 nd machining position a 2. These jig origin points 31 and 32 are, for example, projections projecting from the upper surface of the 1 st jig base 5A, and are configured to be capable of position measurement by a touch sensor or the like, not shown. The jig origin points 31 and 32 are used as reference positions for machining at the 1 st machining position a1 and the 2 nd machining position a 2.

A 3 rd jig origin 33 is provided on a side of the 2 nd jig base 5B. The 3 rd jig origin 33 is, for example, a projection projecting from the upper surface of the 2 nd jig base 5B, and is configured to be capable of measuring a position by a touch sensor or the like, not shown. The 3 rd jig origin 33 measures the position of the 2 nd jig base 5B in the z direction (vertical direction), and is used to correct the inclination of the 2 nd jig base 5B.

Three workpiece origin points 34a, 34B, and 34c are provided in the workpiece W provided on the 2 nd jig base 5B so as to be spaced apart in the longitudinal direction. The workpiece origin points 34a, 34b, and 34c are set after finishing the rear surface of the workpiece W at the 2 nd machining position a2, for example, by hole machining the workpiece W. The workpiece origins 34a, 34b, 34c are used in performing the final finishing. The number of workpiece origins is not limited to three, and may be two, or four or more.

The auxiliary base 4 is provided with a pallet origin 35. The pallet origin 35 is, for example, a projection projecting from the upper surface of the auxiliary base 4, and is configured to be capable of measuring a position by a touch sensor or the like, not shown. The pallet origin 35 is used as a reference position for measuring each position.

Next, a machining method using the machining apparatus 1 will be described.

Fig. 7 shows a sequence for rough machining of the workpiece W in the 1 st machining position a1 (see fig. 2A) or the 2 nd machining position a2 (see fig. 2A). The following steps are performed by instructions from the control unit.

First, in step S11, several options for processing the workpiece W are selected. Then, the 1 st jig base 5A (refer to fig. 2A) corresponding to the selected option is selected (step S12).

The 1 st jig base 5A corresponding to the selected jig base is set to the 1 st processing position a1 or the 2 nd processing position a2 (step S13). The 1 st jig base 5A is performed in a one-touch manner by inserting a pin 23 into a quick clamp 22 (refer to fig. 4B) of the auxiliary base 4. At this time, the workpiece W is fixed at a predetermined position by a plurality of flexible vices 7 (refer to fig. 2A). The lower surface of the workpiece W is point-supported by the plurality of jacks 13 in such a manner as to effectively remove the deformation of the workpiece W. The thin part 17 is provided if necessary, but the thin part 17 is not used in the 1 st processing position a1 and the 2 nd processing position a2, and therefore the thin part 17 is not provided in principle.

Then, the material or the workpiece W is set at the 1 st processing position a1 or the 2 nd processing position a2 (step S14). Here, the material indicates the workpiece W before rough machining.

Next, the pallet P is moved into the machine (step S15). Here, the machining machine refers to a machining machine that performs cutting by using an end mill.

The jig setting and whether or not the jig setting is within the position error threshold are checked in the machine (step S16). Here, whether or not the jig is set at a predetermined position is confirmed by confirming the setting of the jig, and whether or not the setting position of the jig is within a predetermined range is confirmed. If the determination at step S16 is no, an alarm is issued (step S17). If the determination at step S16 is yes, the process proceeds to step S18.

In step S18, the kind of the workpiece W is recognized, and it is determined whether the workpiece shape is accurate. This determination is performed by a touch sensor (probe) held by the main shaft of the machining apparatus by, for example, coming into contact with a tab WT (see fig. 4B) of the workpiece W. The tab WT is a protruding portion protruding from a product portion of the workpiece W, and is set as a non-product portion of the workpiece W. If the determination at step S18 is no, an alarm is issued (step S19). If the determination at step S18 is yes, the process proceeds to step S20.

In step S20, a machining origin is set. In the 1 st machining position a1 and the 2 nd machining position a2, the 1 st jig origin 31 (see fig. 6) and the 2 nd jig origin 32 (see fig. 6) are used. The jig origin points 31 and 32 are detected by touch sensors provided on the main spindle of the machining apparatus, for example, by being brought into contact with the jig origin points 31 and 32.

Then, various groove processing and the like are performed by the end mill (step S21). During machining, the machining amount and the like are appropriately measured.

In the 2 nd machining position a2, after the rough machining of the back surface of the workpiece W is completed, the finish machining of the back surface of the workpiece W is also performed.

After finishing the rough machining and the finish machining of the workpiece W at the 2 nd machining position a2, the tab WT of the workpiece W is subjected to hole forming machining, and a pin WP (refer to fig. 4B) is inserted and fixed. Pin WP is used in securing the workpiece to quick clamp 20 (see FIG. 2A) in machining position 3B 1. Then, a hole for position correction is formed in the tab WT of the workpiece W. This hole serves as the workpiece origin 34a, 34B, 34c in the 3 rd machining position B1.

When the machining is completed, cleaning by air blowing or the like is performed (step S22), and the workpiece is carried out of the machine (step S23).

Then, a preparation operation such as removal of the workpiece W is performed (step S24), and preparation for the next option is performed (step S25).

Next, the final finishing at the 3 rd machining position B1 will be described with reference to fig. 8. The final finishing is performed by adding 20 to the symbol of step S in fig. 7 (for example, S11 corresponds to S31) in the same steps as those described with reference to fig. 7. Hereinafter, a process (step) different from that of fig. 7 will be described. The following steps are performed by instructions from the control unit.

In step S33A, the 2 nd jig base 5B and the thin part 17 are set at the 3 rd machining position B1. The 2 nd jig base 5B is mounted in one touch by inserting a pin 23 into a quick clamp 22 (refer to fig. 4B) of the auxiliary base 4, and the thin portion 17 is mounted in one touch by inserting a quick clamp 24 (refer to fig. 4B) into the 2 nd jig base 5B.

In step S34A, the workpiece W is set at the 3 rd machining position B1. At this time, the workpiece W is set by inserting the pin WP fixed to the workpiece W at the 2 nd processing position a2 into the quick clamp 20 provided on the 2 nd jig base 5B (see fig. 4B).

After the determination of yes in step S38 and before the machining origin is set in step S40A, the tilt of the 2 nd jig base 5B is corrected (step S46). The inclination correction of the jig base 5B is performed by using the 3 rd jig origin 33 (refer to fig. 6). The 3 rd jig origin 33 is detected by a touch sensor provided in the robot arm, for example, by being in contact with the 3 rd jig origin 33. By performing the inclination correction in this manner, the thickness (1mm to 2mm) of the workpiece W is processed with high accuracy.

In the machining origin setting of step S40A, one of the workpiece origins 34a, 34b, and 34c (see fig. 6) provided in the workpiece W is used. In this manner, in the final finishing in the 3 rd machining position B1, the origin is set as the workpiece W reference, not the jig reference. This ensures the accuracy of the final finishing of the workpiece W.

After step S40A, and before step S41, error correction of the work W is performed (step S47). The error correction uses the respective workpiece origins 34a, 34b, and 34 c. Thereby, the accurate shape of the workpiece W is measured and corrected.

Next, a case where the repetitive processing is performed will be described with reference to fig. 9. The machining was repeated while machining similar options at each of the machining positions a1, a2, B1. The following steps are performed by instructions from the control unit.

First, in step S51, an option for the next machining is selected, and a jig base and a material (unprocessed workpiece W) are prepared (step S52).

Then, the pallet P finished machining by the machining machine is carried out (step S53), and the workpiece W finished machining at the 3 rd machining position B1 is taken out (step S54).

Then, the jig base 5B and the detail 17 at the 3 rd machining position B1 are replaced (step S55).

In step S56, after the back surface of the workpiece W is finished at the 2 nd machining position a2, a hole-insertion pin WP formed by drilling the tab WT is inserted.

Next, by the conveying robot arm 2 (refer to fig. 1A), the front surface and the back surface of the workpiece W in the 2 nd processing position are reversed, and the workpiece W is set at the 3 rd processing position B1 (step S57).

In step S58, the workpiece W that has finished the rough machining of the surface of the workpiece W in the 1 st machining position a1 is reversed and the workpiece W is set in the 2 nd machining position a2 by the conveying robot 2.

In step S59, the conveyance robot 2 sets the workpiece W before rough machining, i.e., the material, at the 1 st machining position a 1.

After the setting of the workpiece W is completed at the respective machining positions a1, a2, and B1 as described above, the pallet P is simultaneously carried in the machine (step S60), the front surface of the workpiece W is roughly machined at the 1 st machining position a1 (step S61), the rear surface of the workpiece W is roughly machined and finished at the 2 nd machining position a2 (denoted as "intermediate process" in the drawing) (step S62), and the front surface of the workpiece W is finally finished at the 3 rd machining position B1 (step S63).

Then, the inside of the machine is cleaned by air blowing or the like (step S64), and preparation for the next option is performed (step S65).

By repeating the above steps, as long as similar options are available, machining can be efficiently performed using the respective machining positions a1, a2, B1.

According to the present embodiment, the following operational effects are exhibited.

The machining device is provided with a1 st machining position A1 and a2 nd machining position A2 for performing rough machining on the workpiece W, and A3 rd machining position B1 for performing final finishing on the workpiece W. Before rough machining, the workpiece W has predetermined rigidity, and therefore, even if the workpiece W is clamped, the workpiece W is not largely deformed. Therefore, it is assumed that the flexible vise 7 capable of easily fixing is provided at the rough machining position.

On the other hand, since rough machining is performed at the 3 rd machining position B1 where final finishing is performed, the rigidity of the workpiece W is reduced, and the workpiece W may be deformed when clamped. Therefore, a quick clamp for fixing the workpiece W by the pin WP is provided at the 3 rd machining position B1.

In this way, since the clamp fixture and the pin fixture are separately used for rough machining and final machining, rough machining and final machining can be efficiently performed with high accuracy.

Since the plurality of processing positions a1, a2, and B1 are provided in the same pallet P to enable simultaneous processing, automation of processing can be promoted.

Since the machining in the rough machining position is performed before the final shape of the workpiece W is determined, there is a possibility that the workpiece W is deformed due to the deformation of the material thereof during the machining, the jig base 5A for fixing the workpiece W using the 1 st jig origin 31 and the 2 nd jig origin 32 is used as a position reference. On the other hand, since the final shape of the workpiece W is determined in the machining at the 3 rd machining position B1 where the final finishing is performed, the machining accuracy can be ensured by using the workpiece origin points 34a, 34B, and 34c and setting the workpiece W as the position reference.

The workpiece origin points 34a, 34b, and 34c are set at the finish machining end time at the 2 nd machining position a 2. Thus, the workpiece origin points 34a, 34B, and 34c can be formed in the workpiece W before the final finishing at the 3 rd machining position B1, and the mismatch between the preliminary machining and the final finishing can be reduced as much as possible.

The jig bases 5A and 5B are detachably fixed to the table 3 via the auxiliary base 4. Thus, by preparing a plurality of jig bases 5A and 5B corresponding to the workpieces W of various shapes, machining corresponding to various workpieces W can be performed.

Since the workpiece W subjected to the final finishing is already subjected to rough machining, the rigidity is lowered. Therefore, by providing the thin portion 17 that supports the back surface of the workpiece W in surface contact with the back surface, the workpiece W can be machined without generating chatter vibration during machining.

Since the thin portions 17 are detachably fixed to the 2 nd jig base 5B, a plurality of thin portions 17 corresponding to the facing surfaces of the workpieces W of various shapes are prepared, and thus machining corresponding to various workpieces W can be performed.

The suction flow path 17a of the narrow portion 17 is used to suck gas by a vacuum pump, thereby sucking the back surface of the workpiece W. This enables the workpiece W to be reliably held during final finishing.

When machining the front and rear surfaces of the workpiece W, the workpiece W is conveyed by the conveyance robot 2 among the 1 st machining position a1, the 2 nd machining position a2, and the 3 rd machining position B1, the surface is roughly machined at the 1 st machining position a1, the rear surface is roughly machined and finished at the 2 nd machining position a2, and the surface is finished at the 3 rd machining position B1. This enables efficient processing by one pallet P.

In the present embodiment, the description has been given with two (fig. 1A) or three (fig. 2A) machining positions provided on one pallet P, but the present invention is not limited to this, and four or more machining positions may be provided.

The quick clamps 22, 20, and 24 have been described as an example of a device for detachably connecting the auxiliary base 4 and the clamp bases 5A and 5B, a device for detachably connecting the 2 nd clamp base 5B and the workpiece W, and a device for detachably connecting the 2 nd clamp base 5B and the thin portion 17, but may be other types as long as they are detachable.

Description of the reference numerals

1-processing apparatus, 2-conveying robot arm (conveyor), 3-work table, 4-auxiliary base, 4 a-suction flow path, 4a1- (suction flow path) connector section, 5A-1 st gripper base, 5B-2 nd gripper base, 5 Ba-suction flow path, 7-flexible vice (clamping fixture), 8-guide rail, 9-sliding fixture, 11-jaw, 13-jack, 17-thin section (support part), 17 a-suction flow path, 17B-sealing part, 17 c-pin, 20-quick gripper (pin fixture), 22-quick gripper, 22 a-suction flow path, 23-pin, 24-quick gripper, 31-1 st gripper origin, 32-2 nd gripper origin, 33-3 rd fixture origin, 34a, 34B, 34 c-workpiece origin, 35-pallet origin, a-rough machining position, a 1-1 st machining position, a 2-2 nd machining position, B-final finish machining position, B1-3 rd machining position, P-pallet, W-workpiece, WT-tab, WP-pin.