阅读说明：本技术 一种珩磨加工的控制方法 (Honing process control method ) 是由 张宏军 廖威 赵虎 刘书林 景峰 延少波 于 2019-12-11 设计创作，主要内容包括：本发明提供一种珩磨加工的控制方法,以速度控制砂条进给,一次加工过程包括一次粗珩、砂条返回、二次粗珩、粗珩完成过程,相邻珩磨砂条的距离与砂条单行程旋转距离相同。本发明提供的珩磨加工的控制方法,采用速度控制砂条进给,避免了采用定压控制中切削压强受到砂条与工件接触面积的影响的问题,同时采用砂条分布与网纹角度、冲程距离、旋转速度的合理配合,使珩磨过程的往复换向处砂条的停留位置重合。(The invention provides a control method of honing processing, which controls the feeding of an emery stick at speed, wherein the primary processing process comprises the primary rough honing, the return of the emery stick, the secondary rough honing and the rough honing completion process, and the distance between adjacent honing emery sticks is the same as the single-stroke rotation distance of the emery stick. The honing processing control method provided by the invention adopts the speed to control the feeding of the abrasive bars, avoids the problem that the cutting pressure is influenced by the contact area of the abrasive bars and the workpiece in the constant pressure control, and simultaneously adopts the reasonable matching of the abrasive bar distribution, the reticulate pattern angle, the stroke distance and the rotating speed to ensure that the stop positions of the abrasive bars at the reciprocating reversing position in the honing process are superposed.)

1. A control method of honing processing is characterized in that: the sand strip feed is controlled at speed.

2. A control method of honing process according to claim 1, wherein: the method comprises the following steps:

s1, setting the abutting force and the abutting speed to determine the abutting position P by setting the abutting force_t；

S2, primary rough honing: the sand strip is from the starting position S_tAt a fast forward speed V₀Advancing to the abutting position P_tPosition P at a distance of the guard gap △ DS₁₀The speed of the gear is again changed to the contact position P_tPosition P at a distance of elastic deformation correction value △ DT₁₁At a working speed V₂Machining the set dimension to position P₁₂；

S3, returning the sand strip: the sand strip is moved from the position P₁₂At a fast reverse speed V₃Back to the position P₁₁Position P at a distance of sand bar protection gap △ DG₁₃；

S4, secondary rough honing: the sand strip is at a second fast-forward speed V₁Is advanced to and said position P₁₂Position P at a workpiece centering distance △ DP₁₄At a second feed speed V₄Machining the workpiece to a set dimension to a final position P₁₅；

S5, finishing rough honing: the sand strip is at a fast reverse speed V₃Back to said position P₁₀；

And S6, repeating the steps S2-S5 until the machining requirement is finished.

3. A control method of honing process according to claim 2, wherein: the step S2 further includes:

s21, starting position S of sand strip_tAt a fast forward speed V₀Advancing to the abutting position P_tPosition P at a distance of the guard gap △ DS₁₀；

S22, the sand strip is driven from the position P₁₀Continue at the fast forward speed V₀Forward guard gap △ DS₁To position P_1ds；

S23, the sand strip advances the protective gap △ DS1 to the position P at the second fast forward speed V1₁₁；

S24, the sand strip is driven from the position P₁₁At a working speed V₂Machining the set dimension to position P₁₂。

4. A control method of honing process according to claim 2, wherein: n is>1 hour, the previous working end position P_(n-1)5Is the abutting position S_t', position P_n1And the contact position S_tDistance of is the applicable recalculated decrement △ DJT.

5. A control method of honing process according to claim 2, wherein: in step S1, the current contact speed is inversely proportional to the current contact force.

6. A control method of honing process according to claim 1, wherein: the feed amount is controlled in pulse equivalent and number of pulses, and the feed rate is controlled in pulse frequency.

7. A control method of honing process according to claim 1, wherein: the sand strip distribution conforms to the relational expression:

l is the single-stroke rotation distance of the sand bars;

d is the honing aperture;

x is the number of the netting sand;

n is a non-zero natural number.

8. A control method of honing process according to claim 7, wherein: the reticulate pattern angle conforms to the relation:

β is honing cross hatch angle;

h is the single-stroke vertical movement distance of the main shaft;

and L is the single-stroke rotation distance of the sand strip.

Technical Field

The invention relates to the technical field of honing, in particular to a control method of honing processing.

Background

In the batch honing process of the engine cylinder body and the inner bore of the cylinder sleeve, the range of the dimensional tolerance of the same product before honing and the range of the dimensional tolerance after honing are very small, and under the premise, the honing rhythm in the process of processing the same product and the fluctuation range of the index of the honed reticulate groove are controlled to be small.

When the same product is honed, under the condition that the size before honing, the honing allowance, the reciprocating speed, the main shaft rotating speed and the auxiliary action are the same, the factor for determining the fluctuation range of the honing rhythm is the cutting pressure, and the honing rhythm and the reticulate pattern groove index can be kept stable when the cutting pressure is kept stable. When honing, because the contact area of the emery stick and the workpiece is variable, when the grit becomes dull and the surface roughness of the workpiece is reduced under the control of the constant-pressure feeding of the emery stick, the contact area of the emery stick and the workpiece is increased, the cutting pressure intensity is reduced, the control of the constant-pressure feeding of the emery stick can not lead the grit to fall off or break in time, the normal cutting pressure intensity is kept, at the moment, the mirror surface type cutting with less or no cutting can be carried out, the cutting efficiency and the depth of a groove which is honed are reduced, and the geometric shape precision of the processed workpiece is poorer.

On the other hand, the existing honing machine has a certain range of requirements on honing screen angles, so that reciprocating and rotating during processing need to select proper speed for operation, but in the angle range, the positions where the sand bars stay at the reversing position with reciprocating speed of 0 in each angle are not all the positions where the sand bars stay when the last reciprocating speed is 0, so that the processed screen reversing angles are irregularly arranged, and the processed screens are disordered and not clear and beautiful.

Disclosure of Invention

The invention aims to solve the problems that in the normal processing stage of constant pressure feeding in the prior art, the cutting pressure is influenced by the contact area of a sand strip and a workpiece, and the reticulate pattern at the reversing position is not overlapped, and provides a control method of honing processing, which can obtain stable honing rhythm and reticulate groove depth, and the allowance of the workpiece is removed in a triangular shape, thereby obtaining higher geometric precision than that of constant pressure feeding, and simultaneously realizing the overlapping of the stop positions of the sand strip at the upper reversing position and the lower reversing position of the sand strip, so that the processed reticulate pattern is neat and beautiful.

The invention provides a control method of honing processing, which controls the feeding of sand strips at speed. The feeding of the sand bars is controlled by speed, when the cutting speed of a workpiece is lower than the feeding speed of the sand bars, the cutting pressure is continuously increased, when the cutting speed of the workpiece is equal to the feeding speed of the sand bars, a normal cutting stage is started, the cutting pressure is kept in horizontal pulsation in a small range, when the feeding of the sand bars is stopped, the cutting pressure is gradually reduced, the cutting pressure is stable in the process of controlling the feeding of the sand bars by speed and is not influenced by the contact area of the sand bars and the workpiece, the allowance removal of constant-pressure feeding is trapezoidal, the allowance removal of speed-control feeding is triangular, and the machining precision can be improved.

The present invention provides a honing process control method, preferably including the steps of:

s1, setting the abutting force and the abutting speed to determine the abutting position P by setting the abutting force_tStep S1, determining the abutting position manually, wherein the sand strip approaches to the workpiece from any starting point variable speed until reaching the set abutting force, thereby determining the abutting position, and obtaining the elastic deformation correction value △ DT in the numerical control machine tool;

s2, primary rough honing: from the starting position S_tAt a fast forward speed V₀Advancing to the contact position P_tPosition P at a distance of the guard gap △ DS₁₀The speed of the gear is again changed to advance to the contact position P_tPosition P at a distance of elastic deformation correction value △ DT₁₁At a working speed V₂Machining the set dimension to position P₁₂(ii) a The first rough honing approaches the processing starting position at a variable speed, and the closer to the processing surface of the workpiece, the slower the approaching speed;

s3, returning the sand strip: sand strip slave position P₁₂At a fast reverse speed V₃Back to and position P₁₁Position P at a distance of sand bar protection gap △ DG₁₃The retraction distance of the sand strip after the primary rough honing is △ DG, which is based on the processed surface;

s4, secondary rough honing: the sand strip advances at a second speed V₁Advance to and position P₁₂Position P at a workpiece centering distance △ DP₁₄The sand strip is moved at a second working speed V₄Machining the workpiece to a set dimension to a final position P₁₅The primary processing process is divided into a primary rough honing process and a secondary rough honing process, the center position of the workpiece changes after the primary rough honing process is finished, re-centering is needed, and the distance between the processing starting position of the secondary rough honing process and the processing end point of the primary rough honing process is △ DP of workpiece centering distance, so that the processing precision is improved.

S5, finishing rough honing: the sand strip is at a fast reverse speed V₃Back to position P₁₀；

And S6, repeating the steps S2-S5 until the machining requirement is finished.

The present invention provides a control method of honing processing, preferably, the step S2 further comprises:

s21, sand strip starting position S_tAt a fast forward speed V₀Advancing to the contact position P_tPosition P at a distance of the guard gap △ DS₁₀；

S22 Sand stripe slave position P₁₀Continue at fast forward speed V₀Forward guard gap △ DS₁To position P_1ds；

S23, the sand strip advances to the protection gap △ DS1 to the position P at the second fast forward speed V1₁₁；

S24 Sand stripe slave position P₁₁At a working speed V₂Machining the set dimension to position P₁₂。

The honing head approaches the contact position P at variable speed_tFirst, the moving object moves to a distance position P at a relatively high speed₁₁Setting the safe position of the protective gap, continuously advancing for a certain distance at a higher speed, and honing the honing head and the position P₁₁Relatively close, advance at a relatively low speed until position P is reached₁₁To (3).

The present invention provides a method for controlling honing process, preferably n>1 hour, the previous working end position P_(n-1)5Is the abutting position S_t', position P_n1And the position of contact S_t' distance to recalculate decrement △ DJT. number of machiningThe change may cause a difference in the elastic deformation of the workpiece machining position, and the actual elastic deformation correction value and others are taken into account each time the butted position needs to be determined, thereby determining the butted recalculation decrement △ DJT.

The present invention provides a control method of honing processing, preferably, in step S1, the current abutment speed and the current abutment force are in an inversely proportional relationship. When the percentage of the set abutting force is reached, the rest percentage of the corresponding set abutting speed is approached, if the current abutting force is 80% of the set abutting force, the current abutting speed is 20% of the set abutting speed, or the set proportionality coefficient is constant, or other inverse proportionality relations are adopted.

The present invention provides a control method of honing, as a preferable mode, controlling a feeding amount by a pulse equivalent and a pulse number, and controlling a feeding speed by a pulse frequency.

The invention provides a control method of honing processing, as a preferred mode, the sand strip distribution conforms to the relational expression:

l is the single-stroke rotation distance of the sand bars;

d is the honing aperture;

x is the number of the netting sand;

n is a non-zero natural number.

The method has the advantages that the sand strip stopping position when the reciprocating speed of each angle is zero is any sand strip position when the reciprocating speed of each angle is zero at the last time when the direction is changed, and the condition to be met is that the rotating distance of the honing head in a single stroke is integral multiple of the distribution distance of the connected sand strips, so that the stopping positions of the honing sand strips are overlapped, and the processed reticulate patterns are also overlapped.

The invention provides a control method of honing processing, as an optimal mode, a reticulate pattern angle accords with a relational expression:

β is honing cross hatch angle;

h is the single-stroke vertical movement distance of the main shaft;

and L is the single-stroke rotation distance of the sand strip.

Can be deduced from the above two relations

Knowing the honing aperture D, the stretched yarn number X, the honing pattern angle β and the tolerance band thereof, a proper spindle single-stroke vertical movement distance H can be selected according to the actual honing requirement, or under the condition of knowing the honing aperture D, the stretched yarn number X and the spindle single-stroke vertical movement distance H, a proper honing pattern angle β can be selected.

The honing processing control method provided by the invention controls the feeding of the abrasive bars at speed, realizes that the cutting pressure is kept to be horizontally shifted within a small range in the normal processing stage, the cutting pressure is not influenced by the contact area of the abrasive bars and the workpiece, ensures the stable index of honing beats and honing reticulate groove, and improves the geometric precision of processing.

The invention further uses the reasonable matching of the sand strip distribution with the reticulate pattern angle, the stroke distance and the rotation speed to provide the reason that the reticulate patterns at the reversing position of the honing reticulate pattern are disordered and irregularly arranged because the positions of the honing sand strips at the upper reversing position and the lower reversing position are not overlapped, so that the rotating distance of the honing head in a single stroke is integral multiple of the distribution distance of the connected sand strips, and the reticulate pattern appearance with regular arrangement and tidy and beautiful appearance is obtained.

Drawings

Fig. 1 is a schematic view of a control method of the honing process;

fig. 2 is a flowchart of a control method of the honing process;

fig. 3 is a detailed flowchart of a control method of the honing process.

Detailed Description

The technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the drawings in the embodiments of the present invention, and it is obvious that the described embodiments are only a part of the embodiments of the present invention, and not all of the embodiments.