阅读说明：本技术 干湿分离装置 (Dry-wet separating device ) 是由 袁靖 周翔 朱杰 于 2019-12-11 设计创作，主要内容包括：本发明提供了一种干湿分离装置。所述干湿分离装置包含：进料斗,具有设置有螺旋输送杆的进料通道；压缩室,其内部形成有一端上部具有通道口的圆柱形主压腔以及连通所述通道口的预压腔,所述主压腔的另一端设置有干料排放口和湿料排放口,所述预压腔的进料口高于所述通道口；预压撞锤,于起始位置时其锤头高于所述进料口,于预压位置时其锤头位于所述通道口处且锤头的锤面与所述主压腔合围成圆柱形；主压撞锤,包括沿水平方向往复运动的主压锤头；闸门,包括开闭所述干料排放口的门板。与现有技术相比,本发明的干湿分离装置,具有挤压彻底、工作效率高、物料不易堵塞的有益效果。(The invention provides a dry-wet separation device. The wet and dry separation device comprises: a feed hopper having a feed channel provided with a screw conveyor bar; the compression chamber is internally provided with a cylindrical main pressure cavity with a channel opening at the upper part of one end and a pre-pressing cavity communicated with the channel opening, the other end of the main pressure cavity is provided with a dry material discharge port and a wet material discharge port, and a feed inlet of the pre-pressing cavity is higher than the channel opening; the hammer head of the prepressing ram is higher than the feed inlet when in the initial position, and is positioned at the passage port when in the prepressing position, and the hammer surface of the hammer head and the main pressure cavity surround to form a cylinder; the main pressure ram comprises a main pressure ram head which reciprocates along the horizontal direction; and the gate comprises a door plate for opening and closing the dry material discharge port. Compared with the prior art, the dry-wet separation device has the beneficial effects of thorough extrusion, high working efficiency and difficulty in material blockage.)

1. A wet and dry separation apparatus, comprising:

the feeding hopper is provided with a feeding channel, and a spiral conveying rod is arranged in the feeding channel;

the compression chamber is internally provided with a cylindrical main pressure cavity extending along the horizontal direction, the main pressure cavity is provided with an upper channel port, a dry material discharge port and a wet material discharge port, a pre-pressing cavity communicated with the channel port is also formed inside the compression chamber, the pre-pressing cavity is provided with a feed inlet connected with the feed channel, and the feed inlet is higher than the channel port;

the prepressing ram comprises a prepressing hammer head and a prepressing driving mechanism for driving the prepressing hammer head to reciprocate between an initial position and a prepressing position; when the prepressing hammer head is at the initial position, the prepressing hammer head is higher than the feeding hole; when the prepressing hammer head is at the prepressing position, the prepressing hammer head is positioned at the passage opening, and the hammer surface of the prepressing hammer head and the main pressure cavity are encircled into a cylinder;

the main pressure ram comprises a main pressure hammer head and a main pressure driving mechanism for driving the main pressure hammer head to reciprocate along the horizontal direction; when the main pressure hammer head is located at an initial position, the main pressure hammer head is located on one side, away from the dry material discharge port, of the passage port; when the pre-pressing hammer head is located at a pre-pressing position, the main pressing hammer head moves from an initial position to a position close to the dry material discharge port;

the gate comprises a gate plate driving mechanism and a gate plate, and the gate plate opens or closes the dry material discharge port under the driving of the gate plate driving mechanism.

2. The wet and dry separation device of claim 1 wherein the feed channel extends horizontally.

3. The wet and dry separating device of claim 1, wherein the pre-pressure chamber extends vertically upward away from the main pressure chamber, and the pre-pressure ram reciprocates vertically between the pre-pressure position and the starting position.

4. The wet and dry separating device according to claim 3, wherein the hammer surface of the prepressing hammer head is provided with a semicircular arc surface or a minor arc surface.

5. The wet and dry separating device of claim 3, wherein the periphery of the prepressing hammer head is rectangular and is congruent with the horizontal section of the prepressing cavity;

the hammer surface of the main pressure hammer is circular and is equal to the diameter of the main pressure cavity.

6. The wet and dry separation device of claim 1 wherein the compression chamber comprises a screen drum disposed at least at the second end of the main pressure chamber, the screen drum defining the wet feed discharge port, and a wet feed transfer line disposed below the screen drum.

7. The wet and dry separating device of claim 1, wherein the passage opening is located at the upper part of the first end of the main pressure chamber, the dry material discharge opening is located at the second end of the main pressure chamber, and the door plate and the main pressure hammer head are arranged oppositely along the horizontal direction.

8. The wet and dry separating device of claim 7, further comprising a dry material conveying belt arranged below the door panel driving mechanism, wherein the dry material conveying belt is arranged at the side of the compression chamber side by side and connected with the dry material discharge port.

9. Dry-wet separation device according to claim 7, wherein the volume of the first end portion of the main pressure chamber having the passage opening is equal to the volume of the pre-pressure chamber.

10. The wet and dry separating device of claim 1, wherein any one or more of the pre-pressure driving mechanism, the main pressure driving mechanism and the door panel driving mechanism is provided as a hydraulic cylinder.

Technical Field

The invention relates to a dry-wet separation device, in particular to a dry-wet separation device for garbage disposal, belonging to the technical field of garbage disposal equipment.

Background

With the improvement of the living standard of urban residents, the domestic treatment mode of domestic garbage is mainly landfill and incineration, and the domestic garbage treatment mode inevitably brings secondary pollution. And the domestic garbage contains a large amount of organic garbage, and organic matters in the organic garbage can be completely separated and put into an anaerobic digestion tank to produce biogas so as to realize waste recycling.

However, although the conventional device for realizing dry-wet separation of garbage can obtain organic components therein, the treatment efficiency is low, the dry-wet separation rate is low, and the throwing and conveying channels are easy to be blocked.

Disclosure of Invention

In order to solve at least one of the problems of low treatment efficiency, low dry-wet separation rate, easy blockage of a feeding and conveying channel and the like, the invention aims to provide a dry-wet separation device.

In order to achieve the above object, one embodiment of the present invention provides a wet-dry separation apparatus, comprising:

the feeding hopper is provided with a feeding channel, and a spiral conveying rod is arranged in the feeding channel;

the compression chamber is internally provided with a cylindrical main pressure cavity extending along the horizontal direction, the main pressure cavity is provided with an upper channel port, a dry material discharge port and a wet material discharge port, a pre-pressing cavity communicated with the channel port is also formed inside the compression chamber, the pre-pressing cavity is provided with a feed inlet connected with the feed channel, and the feed inlet is higher than the channel port;

the prepressing ram comprises a prepressing hammer head and a prepressing driving mechanism for driving the prepressing hammer head to reciprocate between an initial position and a prepressing position; when the prepressing hammer head is at the initial position, the prepressing hammer head is higher than the feeding hole; when the prepressing hammer head is at the prepressing position, the prepressing hammer head is positioned at the passage opening, and the hammer surface of the prepressing hammer head and the main pressure cavity are encircled into a cylinder;

the main pressure ram comprises a main pressure hammer head and a main pressure driving mechanism for driving the main pressure hammer head to reciprocate along the horizontal direction; when the main pressure hammer head is located at an initial position, the main pressure hammer head is located on one side, away from the dry material discharge port, of the passage port; when the pre-pressing hammer head is located at a pre-pressing position, the main pressing hammer head moves from an initial position to a position close to the dry material discharge port;

the gate comprises a gate plate driving mechanism and a gate plate, and the gate plate opens or closes the dry material discharge port under the driving of the gate plate driving mechanism.

As a further improvement of an embodiment of the invention, the feed channel extends horizontally.

As a further improvement of an embodiment of the present invention, the pre-pressure chamber extends vertically upward away from the main pressure chamber, and the pre-pressure hammer head vertically reciprocates between the pre-pressure position and the initial position.

As a further improvement of an embodiment of the present invention, a hammer surface of the pre-pressing hammer head is provided as a semicircular arc surface or a minor arc surface.

As a further improvement of one embodiment of the invention, the peripheral edge of the prepressing hammer head is rectangular and is congruent with the horizontal section of the prepressing cavity;

the hammer surface of the main pressure hammer is circular and is equal to the diameter of the main pressure cavity.

As a further improvement of an embodiment of the present invention, the compression chamber includes a sieve barrel disposed at least at the second end of the main pressure chamber, the sieve barrel forms the wet material discharge port, and a wet material conveying pipeline is disposed below the sieve barrel.

As a further improvement of an embodiment of the present invention, the passage opening is located at an upper portion of a first end of the main pressure chamber, the dry material discharge opening is located at a second end of the main pressure chamber, and the door plate and the main pressure hammer head are arranged opposite to each other in the horizontal direction.

As a further improvement of an embodiment of the invention, the door further comprises a dry material conveying belt arranged below the door panel driving mechanism, and the dry material conveying belt is arranged at the side of the compression chamber in parallel and connected with the dry material discharge port.

As a further improvement of an embodiment of the present invention, a volume of the first end portion of the main pressure chamber having the passage port is equal to a volume of the pre-pressure chamber.

As a further improvement of an embodiment of the present invention, one or more of the pre-pressure drive mechanism, the main pressure drive mechanism, and the door panel drive mechanism is provided as a hydraulic cylinder.

Compared with the prior art, the invention has the following beneficial effects: through the arrangement of the spiral conveying rod in the feeding hopper, the garbage in the feeding hopper can be uniformly conveyed to the compression chamber, so that the blockage caused by the accumulation of the garbage in the feeding hopper is avoided, and the non-uniform accumulation of the garbage in the compression chamber can also be avoided; through pre-compaction ram and main ram of pressing, can realize carrying out the primary compression to rubbish with the pre-compaction ram earlier to realize the main best packing in pressing the chamber, later press the secondary extrusion to rubbish of ram through the owner, thereby furthest extrudees degradable organic matter composition from rubbish, realizes the wet-dry separation of rubbish, has guaranteed the separation effect, improves work efficiency.

Drawings

FIG. 1 is a schematic perspective view of a wet-dry separator according to an embodiment of the present invention;

FIG. 2 is a schematic internal view of a wet and dry separation apparatus according to an embodiment of the present invention;

fig. 3 is a diagram showing a state in which the preload ram and the main pressure chamber are engaged according to an embodiment of the present invention.

Detailed Description

The present invention will be described in detail below with reference to specific embodiments shown in the drawings. These embodiments are not intended to limit the present invention, and structural, shape, method, or functional changes that may be made by one of ordinary skill in the art based on these embodiments are included in the scope of the present invention.

Referring to fig. 1-3, a preferred embodiment of a wet and dry separation device 100 is provided. The dry-wet separation device 100 can be used in a garbage disposal project, specifically, can be used for performing dry-wet separation on kitchen waste and household garbage rich in organic matters to obtain organic matter residual liquid, and further can be used for resource utilization in a methane preparation project, and in addition, the obtained residue can be subjected to landfill treatment.

The dry-wet separation device 100 specifically includes a feed hopper 1, a compression chamber 2, a pre-pressing ram 3, a main pressing ram 4, and a gate 5.

The feed hopper 1 has a hopper-shaped inlet and a feed channel 10. Garbage can be put into the feed hopper 1 through the hopper-shaped feed opening; the feeding channel 10 preferably extends horizontally, a spiral conveying rod 11 is arranged in the feeding channel, an outlet of the feeding channel 10 is communicated with the inside of the compression chamber 2, and the spiral conveying rod 11 is arranged to uniformly convey the garbage thrown into the hopper-shaped feeding port to the inside of the compression chamber 2, so that the garbage is prevented from being accumulated in the feeding hopper 1 to cause blockage, and the garbage is also prevented from being unevenly accumulated in the compression chamber 2.

The compression chamber 2 has a substantially hollow box-like structure, and a cylindrical main pressure chamber 21 extending in the horizontal direction is formed inside the compression chamber, that is, the main pressure chamber 21 has a cylindrical shape with a central axis X extending horizontally. As shown in fig. 2, the main pressure chamber 21 extends horizontally in the left-right direction of the drawing, wherein the main pressure chamber 21 has an upper passage port 20, a dry material discharge port, and a wet material discharge port. Wherein, the dry material discharge port is used for discharging the residue after extrusion out of the main pressure cavity 21, and the wet material discharge port is used for discharging the organic residual liquid after extrusion from the garbage out of the main pressure cavity 21.

A pre-pressure chamber 22 communicating with the passage port 20 is also formed inside the compression chamber 2. The pre-compression chamber 22 has a feed opening 221 connected to the feed channel 10, and the feed opening 221 of the pre-compression chamber 22 is also the outlet of the feed channel 10, that is, the feed hopper 1 is fixedly disposed at the side of the pre-compression chamber 22 of the compression chamber 2. The feeding hole 221 is higher than the channel opening 20, so that the garbage in the feeding channel 10 falls into the main pressing cavity 21 from the feeding hole 221 through the pre-pressing cavity 22, thereby ensuring that the garbage can be smoothly and uniformly thrown in and the channel is prevented from being blocked, and enabling the garbage to be repeatedly filled in the main pressing cavity 21, and improving the working efficiency.

The preload ram 3 includes a preload hammer head 32 and a preload driving mechanism 31. The preload hammer 32 is accommodated in the preload chamber 22 and reciprocates between a start position and a preload position by the preload driving mechanism 31. When the pre-pressing hammer head 32 is located at the initial position, the pre-pressing hammer head 32 is higher than the feeding hole 221, so that the garbage entering from the feeding hole 221 can smoothly fall into the main pressure chamber 21; when the pre-pressing hammer head 32 is at the pre-pressing position, the pre-pressing hammer head 32 is located at the passage opening 20, and the hammer surface of the pre-pressing hammer head 32 and the main pressure chamber 21 enclose a cylinder, that is, the hammer surface of the pre-pressing hammer head 32 and the inner wall of the main pressure chamber 21 are just butted to form a cylinder, and at this time, the cylindrical space enclosed by the hammer surface of the pre-pressing hammer head 32 and the inner wall of the main pressure chamber 21 is the main pressure chamber 21. Through setting up pre-compaction ram 3, can realize carrying out the primary compression to the rubbish inside the compression chamber 2 to realize that the intussuseption of main pressure chamber 21 is closely knit.

The main pressure hammer 4 includes a main pressure hammer head 42 and a main pressure drive mechanism 41. The main pressure hammer head 42 is accommodated in the main pressure chamber 21, and the main pressure hammer head 42 reciprocates along the left and right ends of the main pressure chamber 21 under the drive of the main pressure drive mechanism 41. The main press ram 42 has an initial position and a pressing position, when the main press ram 42 is in the initial position, the main press ram 42 is located on a side of the passage opening 20 facing away from the dry material discharge opening, that is, the passage opening 20 is located between the main press ram 42 and the dry material discharge opening; and when the prepressing hammer head 32 is positioned at the prepressing position, the main pressing hammer head 42 moves from the initial position to the pressing position, and the main pressing hammer head 42 moves relatively close to the dry material discharge port. Therefore, on the one hand, the two-stage compression of the garbage can be realized at the pre-pressing hammer head 32 and the main pressing hammer head 42, the work efficiency is guaranteed, the compression rate of the garbage is improved, the dry-wet full separation is realized, the degradable organic matter components are extruded from the garbage to the maximum extent, the separation effect is guaranteed, on the other hand, the main pressing hammer head 42 is manufactured to push the garbage to the dry material discharge port in the garbage extruding process, so that the garbage after being extruded is discharged conveniently, and the blockage and the overstock of the garbage in the compression chamber are avoided to guarantee the smoothness of the path.

The shutter 5 includes a door panel drive mechanism 51 and a door panel 52. The door panel driving mechanism 51 is used for driving the door panel 52 to move, and the door panel 52 opens the dry material discharge port or closes the dry material discharge port under the driving of the door panel driving mechanism 51. When the door plate 52 closes the dry material discharge port, the main pressure hammer 42 can move from an initial position to a pre-pressing position, and the main pressure hammer 42 gradually approaches the dry material discharge port; after the main press hammer 42 finishes extruding the garbage, the door plate 52 opens the dry material discharge port, the garbage residue obtained after extrusion can be smoothly discharged from the dry material discharge port, the whole extrusion and discharge process is very smooth, and the working efficiency is high.

Further, the pre-compression chamber 22 extends vertically upwards away from the main compression chamber 21, i.e. the centre line of the pre-compression chamber 22 is parallel to the vertical direction and perpendicular to the central axis X of the main compression chamber 21. Correspondingly, the prepressing hammer head 32 vertically reciprocates between the prepressing position and the initial position, and specifically, when the prepressing hammer head 32 is located at the initial position, the prepressing hammer head 32 is located at the top of the prepressing cavity 22; when the pre-pressing hammer head 32 is located at the pre-pressing position, the pre-pressing hammer head 32 is located at the bottom of the pre-pressing chamber 22.

Preferably, the hammer surface of the pre-pressing hammer head 32 is a semicircular arc surface or a minor arc surface as shown in the figure, that is, the central angle corresponding to the hammer surface is less than or equal to 180 °, and correspondingly, the inner wall of the main pressure cavity 21 having the passage opening 20 is a semicircular arc surface or a major arc surface, so that the garbage can be ensured to smoothly enter the main pressure cavity 21, and the garbage is prevented from being retained in the compression chamber 2 to cause blockage.

In addition, the peripheral edge of the prepressing hammer head 32 is preferably rectangular and congruent to the horizontal cross section of the prepressing chamber 22, that is, the horizontal cross section of the prepressing chamber 22 is also rectangular. Like this, when the pre-compaction tup 32 moves to the pre-compaction position by the vertical downward of initial position, the peripheral edge of pre-compaction tup 32 can laminate all the time the wall all around of pre-compaction chamber 22 to make rubbish can be pushed into the main pressure chamber 21 of below completely, avoid rubbish to turn into the pre-compaction tup 32 top or by being pressed from both sides between the wall of pre-compaction tup 32 and pre-compaction chamber 22, and then avoid rubbish to block up the passageway.

Similarly, the hammer face of the main press hammer head 42 is circular and equal to the diameter of the main press cavity 21, so that when the main press hammer head 42 moves from the initial position to the extrusion position, the peripheral edge of the main press hammer head 42 can be always attached to the peripheral wall face of the main press cavity 21, so that garbage can be fully extruded, the garbage is prevented from being clamped between the main press hammer head 42 and the wall face of the pre-press cavity 22, and the garbage is prevented from blocking a channel.

Further, the wet material discharge port and the dry material discharge port are arranged at the right end of the main pressure cavity 21, and when the main pressure hammer head 42 is located at the initial position, the main pressure hammer head 42 is located at the left end of the main pressure cavity 21; the main press hammer 42 moves from the initial position from the left to the right to the pressing position, thereby pressing the garbage to the vicinity of the wet material discharge port and the dry material discharge port, and facilitating the discharge of the residue and the residual liquid.

Further, the compression chamber 2 comprises a sieve barrel 201 at least arranged at the right end of the main pressure cavity 21, the sieve barrel 201 forms the wet material discharge port, and a wet material conveying pipeline 6 is arranged below the sieve barrel 201. In this way, the organic residual liquid obtained after the extrusion flows out of the main pressure chamber 21 from the sieve barrel 201 and is output through the wet material conveying pipeline 6. Of course, the sieve barrel 201 can also be arranged at the bottom of the whole main pressure chamber 21 at the same time.

In addition, preferably, the passage opening 20 is located at the upper portion of the left end of the main pressure chamber 21, so that when the pre-pressing hammer head 32 is located at the pre-pressing position, the main pressure hammer head 42 moves from the initial position to the pressing position, and the main pressure hammer head 42 moves to the right beyond the pre-pressing hammer head 32 to the right end of the main pressure chamber 21, thereby reducing the pressing force applied to the pre-pressing hammer head 32.

Further, the volume of the left end portion of the main pressure chamber 21 having the passage opening 20 is substantially equal to the volume of the pre-pressure chamber 22, so that the waste can be pressed to 50% by the primary pressing of the pre-pressure hammer head 32, thereby achieving the optimal filling of the compression chamber 2 and improving the efficiency.

Further, the dry material discharge port is formed at the right end face of the main pressure chamber 21, and the door plate 52 and the main pressure ram 42 are arranged in a left-right opposite manner; that is, the door panel 52 is substantially perpendicular to the central axis X of the main pressure chamber 21. When the main press hammer head 42 moves from the initial position to the pressing position, the door plate 52 closes the dry material discharge port and clamps the garbage together with the main press hammer head 42 to realize the pressing of the garbage, and when the door plate 52 opens the dry material discharge port, the residual garbage residues can be automatically dumped to the right side or pushed by the main press hammer head 42 to be discharged out of the dry material discharge port.

Further, the dry-wet separation device 100 further comprises a dry material conveying belt 7 disposed below the door panel driving mechanism 51, wherein the dry material conveying belt 7 is disposed side by side at the right side of the compression chamber 2 and connected to the dry material discharge port, so as to receive and convey the garbage residue discharged from the dry material discharge port.

Further, any one or more of the pre-pressure drive mechanism 31, the main pressure drive mechanism 41, and the door panel drive mechanism 51 is provided as a hydraulic cylinder, so that a sufficient drive force can be secured under hydraulic drive, wherein preferably the main pressure drive mechanism 41 is provided as a hydraulic cylinder.

The operation of the wet and dry separation apparatus 100 is described as follows: garbage enters the feeding channel 10 through a feeding port of the feeding hopper 1, enters the compression chamber 2 and falls into the main pressure cavity 21 under the pushing of the spiral conveying rod 11; then, the prepressing driving mechanism 31 is started, the prepressing hammer 32 is driven to move from the initial position to the passage opening 20 from top to bottom and stop, and at the moment, the prepressing hammer 32 is completely butted with the wall surface of the main pressure cavity 21 to form a closed cylindrical barrel; then, the main pressure driving mechanism 41 is started to drive the main pressure hammer 42 to move from the left end to the right end of the main pressure cavity 21; when the main pressure driving mechanism 41 reaches the maximum thrust, the door plate driving mechanism 51 is started and drives the door plate 52 to open the dry material discharge port, and the main pressure hammer head 42 continues to push the garbage residues rightwards to move to the conveyor belt 7 from the dry material discharge port and discharge the garbage residues; during the movement of the pre-pressing hammer head 32 and the main pressing hammer head 42, the extruded organic residual liquid is discharged from the screen 201 to the wet material conveying pipeline 6.

The invention has the following beneficial effects through the above embodiment: through the arrangement of the spiral conveying rod 11 in the feeding hopper 1, the garbage in the feeding hopper 1 can be uniformly conveyed to the compression chamber, so that the blockage caused by the accumulation of the garbage in the feeding hopper 1 is avoided, and the non-uniform accumulation of the garbage in the compression chamber 2 can also be avoided; through pre-compaction ram 3 and main ram 4 of pressing, can realize carrying out the primary compression to rubbish with pre-compaction ram 3 earlier to realize the best of pressing chamber 21 and pack, later through main ram 4 of pressing to the secondary extrusion of rubbish, thereby furthest extrudes degradable organic matter composition from rubbish, realizes the dry and wet separation of rubbish, has guaranteed the separation effect, improves work efficiency.

The detailed description set forth above is merely a specific description of possible embodiments of the present invention and is not intended to limit the scope of the invention, which is intended to include within the scope of the invention equivalent embodiments or modifications that do not depart from the technical spirit of the present invention.