阅读说明：本技术 一种水下太阳能柔性聚光光伏-海水淡化复合系统 (Underwater solar flexible concentrating photovoltaic-seawater desalination composite system ) 是由 梁深 郑宏飞 马兴龙 赵云胜 于 2019-12-13 设计创作，主要内容包括：本发明公开了一种水下太阳能柔性聚光光伏-海水淡化复合系统,属于太阳能聚光光伏与海水淡化技术领域。该系统由水下柔性太阳能聚光器,光伏电池,海水淡化蒸馏膜,海水加热腔以及冷凝腔等部件组成。聚光器是由高透光弹性膜,支撑件和透光板组成的密闭腔体,当其位于水下时高透光弹性膜一侧为气体另一侧为水,在压差的作用下,膜面变形为凹曲面,曲面中的水体形成了一个类凸透镜。太阳光入射到聚光器后,汇聚至光伏电池,完成光电转化。为避免电池温度过高影响其性能,利用海水对其冷却,海水被光伏电池及入射光线加热,与冷凝腔形成温差,创造出蒸发冷凝条件,此时脱离海水表面的水分子穿过海水淡化蒸馏膜,到达冷凝腔冷凝,产生淡水。(The invention discloses an underwater solar flexible concentrating photovoltaic-seawater desalination composite system, and belongs to the technical field of solar concentrating photovoltaic and seawater desalination. The system consists of an underwater flexible solar condenser, a photovoltaic cell, a seawater desalination distillation membrane, a seawater heating cavity, a condensation cavity and the like. The condenser is a closed cavity consisting of a high-light-transmission elastic membrane, a supporting piece and a light-transmitting plate, when the condenser is positioned under water, one side of the high-light-transmission elastic membrane is gas, and the other side of the high-light-transmission elastic membrane is water, under the action of pressure difference, the membrane surface is deformed into a concave curved surface, and a convex lens is formed by water in the curved surface. The sunlight is incident to the condenser and then is converged to the photovoltaic cell to complete the photoelectric conversion. In order to avoid the influence of the overhigh temperature of the battery on the performance of the battery, the seawater is cooled and heated by the photovoltaic battery and incident light to form temperature difference with the condensation cavity, an evaporation and condensation condition is created, and water molecules separated from the surface of the seawater pass through the seawater desalination distillation membrane and reach the condensation cavity to be condensed to generate fresh water.)

1. An underwater solar flexible concentrating photovoltaic-seawater desalination composite system is characterized by comprising the following parts: high printing opacity elastic membrane (1), bearing structure (3), solar photovoltaic cell (9), light-passing board (4), sea water heating chamber (5), sea water desalination distillation membrane (12), perforated plate (11), condensation chamber (6), each part joint system is, a airtight cavity is constituteed with bearing structure (3) and light-passing board (4) three sealing connection to high printing opacity elasticity (1), the realization is to the gathering of sunlight, the upper surface at light-passing board (4) is installed in solar photovoltaic cell (9), the side of bearing structure (3) sets up one and fills gas pocket (2) and is used for adjusting the inside atmospheric pressure of cavity, bearing structure (3) and light-passing board (4) and sea water desalination distillation membrane (12) perforated plate (11), connect and constitute sea water heating chamber (5), condensation shell (8) are connected with perforated plate (11), form condensation chamber (6).

2. The underwater solar flexible concentrating photovoltaic-seawater desalination combined system as claimed in claim 1, wherein: the seawater desalination device comprises a light-transmitting plate (4), a seawater desalination distillation membrane (12) and a porous plate (11) which are hermetically connected to form one to a plurality of seawater heating cavities (5), a condensation shell (8), the seawater desalination distillation membrane (12) and the porous plate (11) are hermetically connected to form one to a plurality of condensation cavities (6), seawater in the seawater heating cavities (5) is heated and evaporated, generated steam (10) permeates the seawater desalination distillation membrane (12) to be condensed in the condensation cavities (6) to generate fresh water (7), and an underwater seawater desalination unit is formed.

Technical Field

The invention relates to an underwater solar flexible concentrating photovoltaic-seawater desalination composite system, which is a system formed by combining an underwater solar concentrator, a photovoltaic cell and a seawater desalination unit, and realizes underwater solar composite utilization of underwater concentrating power generation and fresh water production. Belongs to the technical field of solar concentrating photovoltaic and seawater desalination.

Background

The ocean contains abundant renewable energy and mineral resources, and the development and utilization of the ocean resources are important ways for solving the current energy problem. With the continuous and deep ocean research, more severe requirements are put forward on the working time and the detection range of the underwater device. Conventional methods of using self-contained batteries, wired power supplies, etc. limit the operating time and range of motion of these devices. The water surface contains abundant solar energy resources, and the solar irradiance is still considerable in a water body with a certain depth. The solar energy underwater is coupled and utilized by photovoltaic and seawater desalination in a light-gathering mode, so that an ocean energy supply station is arranged, or the solar energy underwater is used as a supplementary measure for emergency energy and a water source, and the energy supply problem of an underwater working device and the emergency drinking problem of ocean workers are solved. On the other hand, most of economically developed cities are gathered in coastal areas, which causes that the coastal areas have large demand for electricity and also need a large amount of fresh water resources, and the fresh water used in domestic coastal cities also depends on inland rivers or water transfer projects to a great extent. The development and utilization of solar energy resources in the ocean to generate electricity and fresh water which are directly supplied to coastal areas have important significance.

The invention provides an underwater solar flexible concentrating photovoltaic-seawater desalination composite system, which utilizes the principle that a closed cavity formed by a high-light-transmission elastic membrane and a support member deforms under the pressure difference in water to form a lens to concentrate light. One part of the gathered energy is subjected to photoelectric conversion through a photovoltaic cell, and the other part of the gathered energy is subjected to evaporation and condensation process through seawater in the heating device. The coupling of solar photovoltaic power generation and seawater desalination avoids the problem of overhigh temperature of a photovoltaic cell caused by the condensation process, and simultaneously realizes the underwater electricity-fresh water co-production.

Disclosure of Invention

The invention realizes the convergence of the underwater sunlight by utilizing the characteristic that the closed cavity covered with the high-light-transmission elastic membrane deforms under the underwater pressure difference to form the lens. Arranging a photovoltaic cell at a light-gathering focal spot, and converting the gathered solar energy into electric energy by using the photovoltaic cell. Meanwhile, the battery is cooled by using seawater, so that the problem of temperature rise of the battery is avoided. The seawater desalination distillation membrane is used for separating the seawater from the condensation cavity, the micropores of the seawater desalination distillation membrane can form a capillary effect to prevent liquid from passing through, part of water molecules are separated from the surface of cooling water to form steam under the heating action of a light gathering and battery, and the steam can reach the condensation cavity for condensation through the seawater desalination distillation membrane. The underwater light-gathering solar photovoltaic-seawater desalination composite utilization is realized by utilizing the process.

The invention is realized by the following technical scheme:

the utility model provides an underwater solar energy flexible light-concentrating photovoltaic-sea water desalination combined system, its major structure includes, high printing opacity elastic membrane (1), support piece (3), light-passing board (4), photovoltaic cell (9), sea water desalination distillation membrane (12), perforated plate (11), sea water heating chamber (5) and condensation chamber (6). The high-light-transmission elastic membrane (1) is sequentially connected with the supporting piece (3) and the light-transmitting plate (4) to form a closed cavity, and the side face of the supporting piece is provided with the air hole (2) for adjusting the pressure of air in the cavity. When whole structure was located under water, the outside of high printing opacity elastic membrane (1) was water, and the inboard is gaseous, and high printing opacity elastic membrane (1) will be out of shape to concave curved surface under the effect of inside and outside pressure differential, just is equivalent to a condensing lens when this curved surface is full of water. When light passes through the structure, a high-energy focal spot is formed below the structure, and light condensation is realized. The solar photovoltaic cell (9) is arranged at the center of the light-transmitting plate (4) and converts the converged solar energy into electric energy.

The supporting piece (3), the light-transmitting plate (4), the porous plate (11) and the condensing shell (8) are sequentially connected to form an upper part and a lower part, wherein the upper part is a seawater heating cavity (5), and the lower part is a condensing cavity (6). The seawater desalination distillation membrane (12) covers the porous plate (11), the seawater temperature in the seawater heating cavity (5) is raised through light condensation and heating of the photovoltaic cell, steam (10) is generated, and the steam (10) reaches the condensation cavity (6) through the seawater desalination distillation membrane (12) and is condensed into fresh water (7).

Has the advantages that:

(1) the light gathering lens is formed by utilizing the underwater pressure difference deformation characteristic of the high-light-transmission elastic membrane, the gathered light is directly used for photoelectric conversion and seawater desalination, and the underwater power utilization and fresh water requirements are met. The integrated design makes the device simple and compact and has low cost.

(2) The photovoltaic cell is arranged in the closed cavity and can be kept clean all the time, and in addition, the temperature of the photovoltaic cell is prevented from rising due to the cooling effect of the seawater, so that the photovoltaic cell can be kept at high photoelectric conversion efficiency all the time, and the energy utilization rate is improved. In addition, the condensation cavity is in direct contact with the seawater, so that the temperature is low, the condensation of hot steam is facilitated, and the water production efficiency is improved.

(3) The device principle is simple, and the structure is light and handy, does not occupy valuable land area, can provide electric power and fresh water for ocean and underwater work equipment and coastal residents, and is significant.

Drawings

The invention is further illustrated by the following figures and examples.

FIG. 1 is a schematic structural view of the present invention;

FIG. 2 is an underwater solar flexible concentrating photovoltaic-seawater desalination composite system with photovoltaic cells immersed in seawater;

FIG. 3 is an underwater solar flexible concentrating photovoltaic-seawater desalination composite system with a support member of a composite parabolic structure;

FIG. 4 is an underwater solar flexible concentrating photovoltaic-seawater desalination composite system with a double-layer membrane structure;

FIG. 5 is a line focusing type underwater solar flexible concentrating photovoltaic-seawater desalination combined system;

wherein, 1-high light transmission elastic film; 2-air filling and discharging holes; 3-a support; 4-a light-transmitting plate; 5-a seawater heating cavity; 6-a condensation chamber; 7-fresh water; 8-a condensation shell; 9-a photovoltaic cell; 10-water vapor; 11-a perforated plate; 12-a seawater desalination distillation membrane; 13-light.

Detailed Description

The technical solution of the present invention is further described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings and the embodiments.

FIG. 1 is a schematic structural diagram of an underwater solar flexible concentrating photovoltaic-seawater desalination composite system of the present invention. Its main structure includes: high printing opacity elastic membrane (1), support piece (3), light-passing board (4), photovoltaic cell (9), sea water desalination distillation membrane (12), perforated plate (11), sea water heating chamber (5) and condensation chamber (6). Each part connection relation is, high printing opacity elastic membrane (1) connects gradually with support piece (3) and light-passing board (4) three and forms airtight cavity, wherein the side of support piece (3) sets up one and fills gas vent (2), photovoltaic cell (9) are installed in the central zone of light-passing board (4), bearing structure (3) and light-passing board (4) and sea water desalination distillation membrane (12) perforated plate (11) are connected, form sea water heating chamber (5), condensation shell (8) are connected with perforated plate (11), form condensation chamber (6).

The operation principle of the underwater solar flexible concentrating photovoltaic-seawater desalination compound system is as follows: the high light-transmitting elastic membrane (1), the supporting piece (3) and the light-transmitting plate (4) form a closed cavity, when the device is positioned underwater, one side of the high light-transmitting elastic membrane (1) is gas, the other side of the high light-transmitting elastic membrane is liquid, the high light-transmitting elastic membrane deforms into a spherical surface under the action of pressure difference, and a water body surrounded by the spherical surface forms a convex lens structure. When light passes through the structure, the light is converged, and a part of the converged solar energy is converted into electric energy by a photovoltaic cell (9) arranged on the upper surface of the light-transmitting plate (4). The seawater in the seawater heating cavity (5) is heated by the photovoltaic cell and the condensation process, the temperature rises to generate steam (10), the steam (10) penetrates through the seawater desalination distillation membrane (12) to reach the condensation cavity (6) to generate fresh water (7), and the device realizes underwater electricity-fresh water co-production.

As an embodiment shown in figure 2, the photovoltaic cell (9) is arranged in the central area of the perforated plate (11), the rest position of the perforated plate (11) is covered with the seawater desalination distillation film (12), and the photovoltaic cell (9) is directly immersed in seawater, so that the cooling efficiency of the seawater on the photovoltaic cell (9) is improved.

As an embodiment example shown in fig. 3, the support (3) is an underwater solar concentrating photovoltaic-seawater desalination compound system with a compound parabolic structure. When the inclined incident angle of the light is larger, the light refracted by the high-light-transmission elastic film (1) cannot be converged on the photovoltaic cell and cannot be absorbed and utilized by the cooling liquid. And the support piece is made into a compound paraboloid structure, so that the refracted light can be reflected to the photovoltaic cell for the second time, and the receiving angle of the system is increased.

As shown in fig. 4, the light-transmitting plate (4) is of a convex structure, and a light-transmitting elastic film may be used to replace the light-transmitting plate (4) to realize the convex structure shown in the figure, so as to realize the reconvergence of the light.

Fig. 5 shows a line focusing type underwater solar flexible concentrating photovoltaic-seawater desalination composite system, wherein one or more high-light-transmittance elastic films (1) form a concentrating lens, and a photovoltaic cell (9) is arranged on each concentrating focus, so that the electric energy output of the system is increased.

In summary, the above description is only a preferred embodiment of the present invention, and is not intended to limit the scope of the present invention. Any modification, equivalent replacement, or improvement made within the spirit and principle of the present invention should be included in the protection scope of the present invention.